ES2604229B1 - Elemento constructivo compuesto y procedimiento para su obtención - Google Patents

Elemento constructivo compuesto y procedimiento para su obtención Download PDF

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Publication number
ES2604229B1
ES2604229B1 ES201531156A ES201531156A ES2604229B1 ES 2604229 B1 ES2604229 B1 ES 2604229B1 ES 201531156 A ES201531156 A ES 201531156A ES 201531156 A ES201531156 A ES 201531156A ES 2604229 B1 ES2604229 B1 ES 2604229B1
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Spain
Prior art keywords
element according
construction element
polyvinyl chloride
high pressure
polyester resin
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ES201531156A
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ES2604229A1 (es
Inventor
Rui AREIAS
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Pear Panel Soc Unipessoal Lda
Pear Panel Unipessoal Lda Soc
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Pear Panel Soc Unipessoal Lda
Pear Panel Unipessoal Lda Soc
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Priority to ES201531156A priority Critical patent/ES2604229B1/es
Priority to PCT/ES2015/070615 priority patent/WO2017021566A1/es
Priority to EP15900296.3A priority patent/EP3332962B1/en
Priority to PT159002963T priority patent/PT3332962T/pt
Publication of ES2604229A1 publication Critical patent/ES2604229A1/es
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of ES2604229B1 publication Critical patent/ES2604229B1/es
Priority to CY20201101093T priority patent/CY1123665T1/el
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
    • A47B96/00—Details of cabinets, racks or shelf units not covered by a single one of groups A47B43/00 - A47B95/00; General details of furniture
    • A47B96/18—Tops specially designed for working on
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
    • A47B77/00—Kitchen cabinets
    • A47B77/02—General layout, e.g. relative arrangement of compartments, working surface or surfaces, supports for apparatus
    • A47B77/022—Work tops
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
    • A47B96/00—Details of cabinets, racks or shelf units not covered by a single one of groups A47B43/00 - A47B95/00; General details of furniture
    • A47B96/20—Furniture panels or like furniture elements
    • A47B96/205—Composite panels, comprising several elements joined together
    • A47B96/206—Composite panels, comprising several elements joined together with laminates comprising planar, continuous or separate layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/04—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B21/047—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/04—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B21/08—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/065—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
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    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
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    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/10—Interconnection of layers at least one layer having inter-reactive properties
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    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/002—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising natural stone or artificial stone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/005—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/045—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/047—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material made of fibres or filaments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
    • B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B2260/023—Two or more layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

Elemento constructivo compuesto y procedimiento para su obtención.#La invención proporciona un elemento constructivo compuesto ligero y fácil de manipular, de alta resistencia térmica, mecánica, acústica y de alta resistencia frente a productos químicos tales como aceites, detergentes, o frente a microorganismos, constituido por un panel tipo sándwich que incluye un núcleo interior de poliuretano, rígido o expandido, revestido por todas sus caras por una resina plástica de cloruro de polivinilo (PVC), de una resina de poliéster reforzada con fibra de vidrio o de una placa laminada de alta presión (HPL) y una capa de revestimiento sobre la superficie superior del panel a modo de capa de acabado fabricada a partir de un material cerámico.

Description

ELEMENTO CONSTRUCTIVO COMPUESTO Y PROCEDIMIENTO PARA SU OBTENCiÓN
La presente invención se refiere a un elemento constructivo compuesto, entendiéndose como elemento constructivo aquel que, solo o combinado con otros similares, permite conformar y construir superficies verticales y/u horizontales en una construcción o vivienda, tales como paredes interiores o exteriores, muros y muretes separadores, peldaños de escaleras, paneles de puertas o para muebles y similares. La invención se refiere igualmente a un procedimiento para la obtención de dicho elemento constructivo así como a su uso en la construcción o en la fabricación de paneles o superficies horizontales.
En particular, la invención proporciona un elemento constructivo compuesto ligero y fácil de manipular, de alta resistencia térmica, mecánica, acústica y de alta resistencia frente a productos químicos tales como aceites, detergentes, o frente a microorganismos, constituido por un panel tipo sándwich que incluye un núcleo interior de poliuretano, rígido o expandido, revestido por todas sus caras por una resina plástica de cloruro de polivinilo (PVC), una resina de poliéster reforzada con fibra de vidrio o por una placa laminada de alta presión (HPL) y una capa de revestimiento sobre la superficie superior del panel a modo de capa de acabado fabricada a partir de un material cerámico.
Este elemento constructivo es especialmente adecuado para la fabricación de paredes y muros o superficies planas altamente resistentes al calor, en particular para la fabricación de encimeras y superficies de trabajo expuestas al calor o sometidas a altos esfuerzos mecánicos o a productos químicos.
Son conocidos elementos constructivos basados en núcleos de conglomerados de madera o láminas de yeso con capas de acabado de diferente naturaleza para levantar tabiques o crear superficies planas tales como encimeras. Sin embargo, habitualmente este tipo de elementos son difíciles de manejar ya sea debido a la naturaleza de su núcleo, ya sea a las escasas propiedades de resistencia mecánica tanto del núcleo como de la capa de acabado.
de alta presión (HPL) y una plancha como capa de revestimiento sobre la superficie superior del panel a modo de capa de acabado basada en un material
cerámico
Preferentemente, el panel tipo sándwich está formado por un núcleo interior de
poliuretano, rígido o expandido, estando revestido éste en todas sus caras por una lámina de cloruro de polivinilo (PVC) o de una resina de poliéster reforzada
con fibra de vidrio o alternativamente de una placa laminada de alta presión (HPL) de
entre 1 y 4 mm de espesor.
Para conformar el elemento constructivo, el paramento superior del panel esta dotado de una de una plancha de revestimiento cerámico de espesor adecuado,
preferentemente de 3 mm de espesor, fijada a dicho paramento superior mediante una capa de adhesivo de poliuretano reactivo (PUR), a modo de capa de acabado.
En un ejemplo de realización , la plancha de revestimiento cerámico como capa de acabado está basada en granito, cuarzo, piedra artificial o materiales cerámicos similares.
De acuerdo con un segundo aspecto de la invención , ésta se refiere a un procedimiento para la obtención del elemento constructivo anteriormente descrito, que incluye las etapas de:
1. Insertar poliuretano expandido entre dos placas de cloruro de polivinilo, de
una resina de poliéster reforzada con fibra de vidrio o de una placa laminada de alta presión y solidificar para conformar el núcleo del
elemento constructivo, o alternativamente insertar y pegar poliuretano
rígido entre dos placas de cloruro de polivinilo, de una resina de poliéster reforzada con fibra de vidrio o de una placa laminada de alta presión y endurecer para conformar el núcleo del elemento constructivo;
2. Pegar con un adhesivo de poliuretano reactivo (PUR) una plancha de revestimiento cerámico sobre un paramento del núcleo obtenido en la etapa anterior.
Es también objeto de la invención la utilización del elemento constructivo, en particular para la fabricación de encimeras o superficies donde se requiere una alta resistencia térmica, ya que es especialmente adecuado para obtener
encimeras de tipo "prefabricado" adaptadas a las medidas adecuadas y donde
5 sólo es necesario aplicar un proceso de acabado en aquellas superficies vistas no revestidas, proceso conocido en el campo técn ico como canteado.
La encimera obtenida a partir del elemento constructivo de la invención presenta numerosas ventajas en comparación con aquellas de la técnica anterior, siendo
10 muy ligeras, de aproximadamente 9-10 kg/m', dependiendo de la capa de
acabado empleada, de alta dureza, resistentes a la suciedad y al ataque de
productos de limpieza y de alta resistencia térmica. Por otra parte, debido a su estructura, es fácil de cortar y taladrar y permite adaptar su diseño adoptando múltiples formas.
Aunque se ilustra el uso del elemento constructivo de la invención para la fabricación de encimeras, dicho uso no está limitado a las mismas, pudiendo emplearse como recubrim iento aislante de fachadas internas o externas, para la
construcción de escaleras de bajo peso, para fabricar muebles y paneles de
20 puertas, así como para construir muros o tabiques.

Claims (8)

  1. REIVINDICACIONES
    1.
    Elemento constructivo compuesto, caracterizado porque está constituido por un panel tipo sándwich que incluye un núcleo interior de poliuretano, rígido o expandido, revestido por todas sus caras por una resina plástica de cloruro de polivinilo (PVC), una resina de poliéster reforzada con fibra de vidrio o una placa laminada de alta presión (HPL), y una plancha como capa de revestimiento sobre uno de los paramentos del panel a modo de capa de acabado fabricada a partir de un material cerámico.
  2. 2.
    Elemento constructivo compuesto según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque la lamina de cloruro de polivinilo, de una resina de poliéster reforzada con fibra de vidrio o de una placa laminada de alta presión tiene un espesor de entre 1 y 4 mm de espesor.
  3. 3.
    Elemento constructivo compuesto según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque la plancha de revestimiento cerámico tiene 3 mm de espesor.
  4. 4.
    Elemento constructivo compuesto según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque la plancha de revestimiento cerámico se fija a un paramento del panel mediante una capa de adhesivo de poliuretano reactivo.
  5. 5.
    Elemento constructivo compuesto según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque la plancha de revestimiento cerámico como capa de acabado está basada en granito, cuarzo, piedra artificial o materiales cerámicos similares.
  6. 6.
    Procedimiento para la obtención del elemento constructivo según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 5, que incluye las etapas de:
    i. Insertar poliuretano expandido entre dos placas de cloruro de polivinilo, de una resina de poliéster reforzada con fibra de vidrio o de una placa laminada de alta presión y solidificar para conformar el núcleo del elemento constructivo, o alternativamente insertar y pegar
    poliuretano rígido entre dos placas de cloruro de polivinilo, de una resina de poliéster reforzada con fibra de vidrio o de una placa laminada de alta presión y endurecer para conformar el núcleo del elemento constructivo;
    5 ii. Pegar con un adhesivo de poliuretano reactivo (PUR) una plancha
    de revestimiento cerámico sobre un paramento del núcleo obtenido
    en la etapa anterior.
  7. 7. Utilización del elemento constructivo según cualquiera de las
    10 reivindicaciones 1 a 5 para la fabricación de encimeras y/o de superficies de alta resistencia térmica, donde se aplica un proceso de acabado en aquellas superficies vistas no revestidas.
  8. 8. Utilización del elemento constructivo según cualquiera de las
    15 reivindicaciones 1 a 5 como recubrimiento aislante de fachadas internas o externas, para la construcción de escaleras de bajo peso, para fabricar muebles y paneles de puertas, asi como para construir muros o tabiques.
ES201531156A 2015-08-03 2015-08-03 Elemento constructivo compuesto y procedimiento para su obtención Active ES2604229B1 (es)

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PCT/ES2015/070615 WO2017021566A1 (es) 2015-08-03 2015-08-06 Elemento constructivo compuesto y procedimiento para su obtención
EP15900296.3A EP3332962B1 (en) 2015-08-03 2015-08-06 Composite building element
PT159002963T PT3332962T (pt) 2015-08-03 2015-08-06 Elemento de construção compósito
CY20201101093T CY1123665T1 (el) 2015-08-03 2020-11-18 Συνθετικο στοιχειο δομησης

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US3646180A (en) * 1969-10-24 1972-02-29 Selectile Co Inc Method of forming a foam cored wall panel having ceramic tile on one face
DE3709224A1 (de) * 1987-03-20 1988-10-06 Herbert Kozuschnik Natursteinplattenelement
DE19907309B4 (de) * 1999-02-22 2005-03-17 Schwanekamp Gmbh Plattenförmiges Halbzeug mit Unterkonstruktion
ES2244318B1 (es) * 2004-03-10 2007-02-16 Jose Antonio Asumendi Garcia Uso de una resina para la obtencion de paneles de construccion.
DE202006012031U1 (de) * 2006-08-05 2006-10-12 Thurner, Harald Porzellankeramik Arbeits-, Waschtisch-, Tischplatten
GB2509921A (en) * 2013-01-17 2014-07-23 Jonathan Rusby Furniture panel comprising polymeric foam sandwich
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EP3332962A1 (en) 2018-06-13
ES2604229A1 (es) 2017-03-03
CY1123665T1 (el) 2022-03-24

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