ES2529033T3 - Uso de polietileno para preparación de artículos rotomoldeados - Google Patents
Uso de polietileno para preparación de artículos rotomoldeados Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2529033T3 ES2529033T3 ES03729978.1T ES03729978T ES2529033T3 ES 2529033 T3 ES2529033 T3 ES 2529033T3 ES 03729978 T ES03729978 T ES 03729978T ES 2529033 T3 ES2529033 T3 ES 2529033T3
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- ind
- substituted
- system based
- articles
- polyethylene resin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F10/02—Ethene
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/003—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/12—Powdering or granulating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/20—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
- C08J3/22—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring using masterbatch techniques
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/005—Stabilisers against oxidation, heat, light, ozone
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/02—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C41/04—Rotational or centrifugal casting, i.e. coating the inside of a mould by rotating the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2023/04—Polymers of ethylene
- B29K2023/06—PE, i.e. polyethylene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F110/00—Homopolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F110/02—Ethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
- C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
- C08F4/6592—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring
- C08F4/65922—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring containing at least two cyclopentadienyl rings, fused or not
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
- Y10T428/1376—Foam or porous material containing
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
Abstract
Uso de una resina de polietileno polimerizada con un sistema catalítico basado en un componente de bistetrahidroindenil- metaloceno de fórmula R"(Ind)2MQ2, en la que (Ind) es un indenilo hidrogenado, sustituido o no sustituido, R" es un puente estructural entre los dos indenilos para impartir estereorrigidez que comprende un radical alquileno C1-C4, un dialquilgermanio o silicio o siloxano, o un radical alquilfosfina o amina, estando el puente sustituido o no sustituido, Q es un radical hidrocarbilo que tiene de 1 a 20 átomos de carbono o un halógeno, y M es un metal de transición del grupo IVb o vanadio, para producir artículos rotomoldeados que tienen al menos una de las propiedades siguientes: - deformación reducida - mejor dispersión de burbujas en artículos rotomoldeados espumados - microestructura muy fina - brillo mejorado - impermeabilidad mejorada a disolventes en comparación con artículos rotomoldeados que consisten esencialmente en resina de polietileno polimerizada con un sistema catalítico basado en Ziegler-Natta u otros componentes catalíticos de metaloceno.
Description
E03729978
28-01-2015
-muestras 3 y 4: máquina Wedco con diferentes granulometrías
-muestras 5 y 6: máquina Palman HI con diferentes granulometrías.
Todos los molidos se llevaron a cabo con el rendimiento más alto para cada máquina con producciones en el intervalo de 800 a 1200 kg/h. La resina R9 fue fácil de moler y el molido alcanzó el estado estacionario después de
5 aproximadamente 30 minutos en vez de las dos a tres horas necesarias para resinas convencionales. No se observaron problemas de electricidad estática. El análisis de granulometría para estas 6 muestras se representa en la figura 9, que representa la fracción másica del polvo expresada en porcentaje en función del tamaño de partícula expresada en micrómetros.
La influencia de la granulometría de los polvos en la procesabilidad se estudió después para estas mismas 6
10 muestras, siendo el factor más importante el proceso de densificación resultante de la eliminación de las burbujas. Los resultados se representan en la figura 10, que representa el número de burbujas por mm2 remanentes en la resina fundida en función de la temperatura expresada en °C para las seis muestras. De forma bastante sorprendente, las resinas que tenían el tamaño de partícula más grande representaron la tasa más alta de eliminación de burbujas en función del aumento de la temperatura.
15 Las resinas R1, R7, R9, R11 y R12 se sometieron a ensayo para la producción de microgránulos. Se usaron tres tipos de máquinas (Gala, BKG, Black Clawson) y las condiciones de granulación para cada máquina se resumen en la Tabla VII.
TABLA VII
- Máquina 1
- Máquina 2 Máquina 3
- Resina
- R9 R1 R12 R9 R1 R11 R9 R7
- Microgránulos
- <Deq> (μm)
- 700 600 650 525 525 470 600 550
- Producción (kg/h)
- 60 80 60 100 100 100 3 4
- Rendimiento (%)
- 65 95 95 95 95 95 <50 <50
- Agua residual
- no no no sí sí sí ní sí
- Granulación
- Tipo de extrusora
- Tornillos gemelos: 60 mm Tornillos gemelos: 75 mm Tornillos gemelos: 50,8 mm
- Bomba de fusión
- sí sí sí sí sí sí no no
- Número de agujeros
- 300 300 300 2200 2200 2200 520 520
- Diámetro de los agujeros (μm)
- 400 400 400 300 300 300 350 350
- Longitud de los agujeros
- 3 3 3 - - - 1.5 1.5
- Número de cuchillas
- 18 18 18 6 6 6 6 6
- Resina
- R9 R1 R12 R9 R1 R11 R9 R7
- Configuración
- DA1 DA DA DA DA DA AA2 AA
- Condiciones
- T del molde de fusión (ºC)
- 228 236 242 240 249 240 250 250
- Presión en el molde (MPa)
- 13 14,9 17,4 16,3 18,6 19,8 110 130
- Velocidad de las cuchillas (rpm)
- 3590 3595 3585 3600 3600 3600 3400 3400
- T del agua (ºC)
- 75 74 79 73 71 66 18 18
- Caudal del agua (m3/h)
- 20 20 20 10 10 10 - -
- Presión del agua (kPa)
- - - - - - - 68 68
- Rendimiento/agujero (kg/h)
- 0,2 0,267 0,2 0,045 0,045 0,045 0,006 0,006
- Velocidad de cizallamiento/agujero (s-1)
- 12000 15900 12000 6450 6450 6450 470 700
- Fractura de fusión
- no sí sí no sí sí no sí
- DA1: debajo del agua AA2: anillo de agua
20
A partir de la Tabla VII puede concluirse que, en todos los tipos de máquinas, la resina R9 se convirtió en microgránulos a una presión del molde inferior y a una temperatura del molde de fusión inferior que otras resinas sometidas a ensayo y las operaciones de estado estacionario se establecieron después de 30 minutos. Además, R9 no mostró ninguna fractura de fusión incluso a una velocidad de cizallamiento alta de 12000 s-1.
25 Debe indicarse también que las resinas de alta viscosidad R11 y R12 se convirtieron fácilmente en microgránulos incluso aunque tenían un índice de fluidez muy bajo. Las distribuciones de tamaño para varias resinas y máquinas se representan en la figura 11, que representa la fracción másica de los microgránulos expresada en porcentaje en función del tamaño de partícula expresada en micrómetros. Las muestras de microgránulos se representan en la
12
Claims (1)
-
imagen1
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP02076658A EP1357135A1 (en) | 2002-04-26 | 2002-04-26 | Rotomoulded articles with dimensional stability |
EP02076658 | 2002-04-26 | ||
EP02079264 | 2002-10-15 | ||
EP02079264 | 2002-10-15 | ||
EP02027878 | 2002-12-12 | ||
EP02027878A EP1428841A1 (en) | 2002-12-12 | 2002-12-12 | Rotomoulded articles with dimensional stability |
PCT/EP2003/004698 WO2003091294A1 (en) | 2002-04-26 | 2003-04-23 | Rotomoulded articles prepared with polyethylene |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
ES2529033T3 true ES2529033T3 (es) | 2015-02-16 |
Family
ID=29273322
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
ES03729978.1T Expired - Lifetime ES2529033T3 (es) | 2002-04-26 | 2003-04-23 | Uso de polietileno para preparación de artículos rotomoldeados |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20050255264A1 (es) |
EP (1) | EP1499648B1 (es) |
JP (1) | JP2005523954A (es) |
KR (1) | KR101011168B1 (es) |
CN (2) | CN102443209B (es) |
AU (1) | AU2003240600A1 (es) |
DK (1) | DK1499648T3 (es) |
ES (1) | ES2529033T3 (es) |
SI (1) | SI1499648T1 (es) |
WO (1) | WO2003091294A1 (es) |
Families Citing this family (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005077994A1 (en) * | 2004-02-13 | 2005-08-25 | Total Petrochemicals Research Feluy | Process for improving the co-polymerization of ethylene and an olefin co-monomer in a polymerization loop reactor. |
EP1659136A1 (en) * | 2004-11-19 | 2006-05-24 | Total Petrochemicals Research Feluy | Solid state properties of polyethylene prepared with tetrahydroindenyl-based catalyst system |
EP1721931A1 (en) * | 2005-05-09 | 2006-11-15 | Total Petrochemicals Research Feluy | mono-layer rotomoulded articles prepared from blends comprising polyethylene |
EP1721739A1 (en) * | 2005-05-09 | 2006-11-15 | Total Petrochemicals Research Feluy | Bi-layer rotomoulding applications |
EP1854609A1 (en) * | 2006-05-09 | 2007-11-14 | Total Petrochemicals Research Feluy | Coloured rotomoulded articles |
EP1862288A1 (en) * | 2006-05-29 | 2007-12-05 | Total Petrochemicals Research Feluy | Optimisation in rotomoulded applications. |
HU226837B1 (hu) | 2006-05-31 | 2009-12-28 | Semmelweis Egyetem | Folyadéksugárral mûködõ deszorpciós ionizációs eljárás és eszköz |
DE102008064202A1 (de) * | 2008-12-22 | 2010-06-24 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Pigmentgranulate |
EP2199078A1 (en) * | 2008-12-22 | 2010-06-23 | Total Petrochemicals Research Feluy | Polyethylene and poly(hydroxy carboxylic acid) multilayer films |
RU2011135979A (ru) | 2009-01-30 | 2013-03-10 | ДАУ ГЛОБАЛ ТЕКНОЛОДЖИЗ ЭлЭлСи | Композиции полиэтилена высокой плотности, способ их получения, изготовленные из них укупоривающие изделия и способ изготовления таких укупоривающих изделий |
MX2011012540A (es) | 2009-05-27 | 2012-04-02 | Medimass Kft | Metodo y sistema para identificacion de tejidos biologicos. |
CN102574314B (zh) | 2009-08-28 | 2016-09-28 | 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 | 旋转模塑制品及其制备方法 |
KR101309389B1 (ko) * | 2011-06-28 | 2013-09-17 | 삼성토탈 주식회사 | 열수축 필름용 폴리에틸렌 수지 조성물 및 열수축 필름 |
CN104105722B (zh) * | 2011-12-14 | 2016-11-09 | 英尼奥斯欧洲股份公司 | 聚合物 |
EP3699950A1 (en) | 2011-12-28 | 2020-08-26 | Micromass UK Limited | Collision ion generator and separator |
US10995203B2 (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2021-05-04 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Rotomolded compositions, articles, and processes for making the same |
KR101862928B1 (ko) | 2016-09-05 | 2018-05-30 | 한화토탈 주식회사 | 선형 중밀도 폴리에틸렌 수지 조성물 및 이로부터 제조된 성형품 |
CN114729080A (zh) * | 2019-11-14 | 2022-07-08 | 埃克森美孚化学专利公司 | 气相聚乙烯共聚物 |
US11746220B2 (en) | 2020-06-12 | 2023-09-05 | Braskem S.A. | High flow rotomolding compositions, processes thereof, and articles therefrom |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4093414A (en) * | 1976-09-16 | 1978-06-06 | General Cable Corporation | Single die co-extrusion apparatus for insulation |
CA2037025C (en) * | 1990-02-27 | 1996-12-03 | Mitsui Chemicals, Incorporated | Ethylene/pentene-1 copolymer, process for the preparation of the same, and ethylene/pentene-1 copolymer composition |
FI105195B (fi) * | 1995-05-02 | 2000-06-30 | Borealis As | Polyeteeni, jolla on hallittu partikkelikoko ja morfologia |
JPH09194537A (ja) * | 1996-01-23 | 1997-07-29 | Mitsui Petrochem Ind Ltd | 回転成形用樹脂 |
KR19990087479A (ko) * | 1996-03-04 | 1999-12-27 | 데니스 피. 산티니 | 성형 제품 |
US5928584A (en) * | 1996-06-06 | 1999-07-27 | Wedtech (Usa) Inc. | Foamable compositions for rotational molding |
JPH1121314A (ja) * | 1997-07-04 | 1999-01-26 | Ube Ind Ltd | 粉体成形用ポリエチレン粉末およびこれを用いた粉体成形物 |
JPH11129362A (ja) * | 1997-10-29 | 1999-05-18 | Nippon Polychem Kk | 回転成形容器 |
JPH11255823A (ja) * | 1998-03-09 | 1999-09-21 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | 回転成形用エチレン共重合体粉体 |
US6362270B1 (en) * | 1999-08-12 | 2002-03-26 | The Dow Chemical Company | Thermoplastic compositions for durable goods applications |
GB0004044D0 (en) * | 2000-02-21 | 2000-04-12 | Borealis Polymers Oy | Polymer |
EP1138702A1 (en) * | 2000-03-30 | 2001-10-04 | Fina Research S.A. | Metallocene-produced polyethylene for glossy plastic containers |
-
2003
- 2003-04-23 WO PCT/EP2003/004698 patent/WO2003091294A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-04-23 ES ES03729978.1T patent/ES2529033T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-23 DK DK03729978.1T patent/DK1499648T3/en active
- 2003-04-23 CN CN201110332909.3A patent/CN102443209B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-04-23 KR KR1020047017266A patent/KR101011168B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-04-23 AU AU2003240600A patent/AU2003240600A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-04-23 US US10/512,388 patent/US20050255264A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-04-23 JP JP2003587850A patent/JP2005523954A/ja active Pending
- 2003-04-23 EP EP03729978.1A patent/EP1499648B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-23 CN CNA038092786A patent/CN1649912A/zh active Pending
- 2003-04-23 SI SI200332407T patent/SI1499648T1/sl unknown
-
2012
- 2012-01-03 US US13/342,430 patent/US8420194B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2003091294A1 (en) | 2003-11-06 |
EP1499648B1 (en) | 2014-11-05 |
KR20040106400A (ko) | 2004-12-17 |
SI1499648T1 (sl) | 2015-02-27 |
JP2005523954A (ja) | 2005-08-11 |
CN1649912A (zh) | 2005-08-03 |
CN102443209A (zh) | 2012-05-09 |
EP1499648A1 (en) | 2005-01-26 |
CN102443209B (zh) | 2017-04-12 |
US20050255264A1 (en) | 2005-11-17 |
US20120128908A1 (en) | 2012-05-24 |
AU2003240600A1 (en) | 2003-11-10 |
US8420194B2 (en) | 2013-04-16 |
DK1499648T3 (en) | 2015-02-09 |
KR101011168B1 (ko) | 2011-01-26 |
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