ES2443539B1 - Proceso de oligomerización de alquenos utilizando la zeolita ITQ-39 - Google Patents
Proceso de oligomerización de alquenos utilizando la zeolita ITQ-39 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2443539B1 ES2443539B1 ES201231138A ES201231138A ES2443539B1 ES 2443539 B1 ES2443539 B1 ES 2443539B1 ES 201231138 A ES201231138 A ES 201231138A ES 201231138 A ES201231138 A ES 201231138A ES 2443539 B1 ES2443539 B1 ES 2443539B1
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- itq
- oligomerization
- alkenes
- zeolite
- reactor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- 238000006384 oligomerization reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 title abstract 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms
- C07C2/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons
- C07C2/04—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons by oligomerisation of well-defined unsaturated hydrocarbons without ring formation
- C07C2/06—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons by oligomerisation of well-defined unsaturated hydrocarbons without ring formation of alkenes, i.e. acyclic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C07C2/08—Catalytic processes
- C07C2/12—Catalytic processes with crystalline alumino-silicates or with catalysts comprising molecular sieves
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G50/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from lower carbon number hydrocarbons, e.g. by oligomerisation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
- B01J29/72—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65 containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
-
- B01J35/30—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/28—Phosphorising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B39/00—Compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites; Their preparation; After-treatment, e.g. ion-exchange or dealumination
- C01B39/02—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof; Direct preparation thereof; Preparation thereof starting from a reaction mixture containing a crystalline zeolite of another type, or from preformed reactants; After-treatment thereof
- C01B39/026—After-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B39/00—Compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites; Their preparation; After-treatment, e.g. ion-exchange or dealumination
- C01B39/02—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof; Direct preparation thereof; Preparation thereof starting from a reaction mixture containing a crystalline zeolite of another type, or from preformed reactants; After-treatment thereof
- C01B39/46—Other types characterised by their X-ray diffraction pattern and their defined composition
- C01B39/48—Other types characterised by their X-ray diffraction pattern and their defined composition using at least one organic template directing agent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
- C10L1/08—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2229/00—Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
- B01J2229/10—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained
- B01J2229/12—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained to alter the outside of the crystallites, e.g. selectivation
- B01J2229/123—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained to alter the outside of the crystallites, e.g. selectivation in order to deactivate outer surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2229/00—Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
- B01J2229/10—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained
- B01J2229/18—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained to introduce other elements into or onto the molecular sieve itself
- B01J2229/186—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained to introduce other elements into or onto the molecular sieve itself not in framework positions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2229/00—Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
- B01J2229/30—After treatment, characterised by the means used
- B01J2229/34—Reaction with organic or organometallic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2229/00—Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
- B01J2229/30—After treatment, characterised by the means used
- B01J2229/37—Acid treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2229/00—Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
- B01J2229/30—After treatment, characterised by the means used
- B01J2229/40—Special temperature treatment, i.e. other than just for template removal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2229/00—Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
- B01J2229/30—After treatment, characterised by the means used
- B01J2229/42—Addition of matrix or binder particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2529/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- C07C2529/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites, pillared clays
- C07C2529/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- C07C2529/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups C07C2529/08 - C07C2529/65
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2270/00—Specifically adapted fuels
- C10L2270/02—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines
- C10L2270/026—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines for diesel engines, e.g. automobiles, stationary, marine
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Abstract
A continuación se describe un proceso heterogéneo de oligomerización de alquenos para producir hidrocarburos dentro de fracción diesel en presencia un catalizador basado en la zeolita ITQ-39. El proceso de oligomerización descrito en la presente invención comprende, al menos:#a. Introducir un catalizador conteniendo al menos el material zeolítico ITQ-39 en el reactor;#b. Alimentar el reactor con una corriente que comprende, al menos, un compuesto olefínico;#c. Permitir que el catalizador conteniendo al menos el material ITQ-39 y el compuesto orgánico permanezcan en contacto el tiempo necesario para que la reacción se lleve a cabo.
Description
Claims (1)
-
imagen1
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES201231138A ES2443539B1 (es) | 2012-07-19 | 2012-07-19 | Proceso de oligomerización de alquenos utilizando la zeolita ITQ-39 |
PCT/ES2013/000172 WO2014013102A1 (es) | 2012-07-19 | 2013-07-12 | Proceso de oligomerización de alquenos utilizando la zeolita itq-39 |
EP13820279.1A EP2876147B1 (en) | 2012-07-19 | 2013-07-12 | Method for oligomerising alkenes using the itq-39 zeolite |
ES13820279.1T ES2613393T3 (es) | 2012-07-19 | 2013-07-12 | Método para la oligomerización de alquenos usando la zeolita ITQ-39 |
CN201380048760.3A CN104854220B (zh) | 2012-07-19 | 2013-07-12 | 使用itq‑39沸石低聚烯烃的方法 |
US14/599,544 US9550706B2 (en) | 2012-07-19 | 2015-01-19 | Method for oligomerising alkenes using the ITQ-39 zeolite |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES201231138A ES2443539B1 (es) | 2012-07-19 | 2012-07-19 | Proceso de oligomerización de alquenos utilizando la zeolita ITQ-39 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
ES2443539A1 ES2443539A1 (es) | 2014-02-19 |
ES2443539B1 true ES2443539B1 (es) | 2014-12-04 |
Family
ID=49948323
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
ES201231138A Expired - Fee Related ES2443539B1 (es) | 2012-07-19 | 2012-07-19 | Proceso de oligomerización de alquenos utilizando la zeolita ITQ-39 |
ES13820279.1T Active ES2613393T3 (es) | 2012-07-19 | 2013-07-12 | Método para la oligomerización de alquenos usando la zeolita ITQ-39 |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
ES13820279.1T Active ES2613393T3 (es) | 2012-07-19 | 2013-07-12 | Método para la oligomerización de alquenos usando la zeolita ITQ-39 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9550706B2 (es) |
EP (1) | EP2876147B1 (es) |
CN (1) | CN104854220B (es) |
ES (2) | ES2443539B1 (es) |
WO (1) | WO2014013102A1 (es) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11358912B2 (en) | 2017-08-01 | 2022-06-14 | Purdue Research Foundation | Increased oligomer selectivity from olefin oligomerization by incorporation of boron |
KR102090402B1 (ko) | 2018-10-31 | 2020-03-17 | 공주대학교 산학협력단 | 탈실리카된 펜타실구조형 제올라이트 촉매를 이용한 부텐으로부터 고급 알켄 제조방법 |
RU2709818C1 (ru) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-12-23 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение Уфимский федеральный исследовательский центр Российской академии наук | Способ получения олигомеров пент-1-ена в присутствии иерархического цеолита н-y |
CN115676849B (zh) * | 2021-07-29 | 2024-03-12 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Svr结构硅锆分子筛及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (28)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4211640A (en) | 1979-05-24 | 1980-07-08 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Process for the treatment of olefinic gasoline |
US4227992A (en) | 1979-05-24 | 1980-10-14 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Process for separating ethylene from light olefin mixtures while producing both gasoline and fuel oil |
US4423269A (en) | 1981-09-25 | 1983-12-27 | Chevron Research Company | Oligomerization of gaseous olefins |
US4417088A (en) | 1981-09-25 | 1983-11-22 | Chevron Research Company | Oligomerization of liquid olefins |
US4520221A (en) | 1984-04-09 | 1985-05-28 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Process of making high VI lubes |
US4568786A (en) | 1984-04-09 | 1986-02-04 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Production of lubricant range hydrocarbons from light olefins |
IT1204005B (it) | 1987-05-05 | 1989-02-23 | Eniricerche Spa | Procedimento per oligomerizzare olefine leggere o loro miscele |
US5234875A (en) | 1991-12-11 | 1993-08-10 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Coke-selectivated porous acidic crystalline catalyst, its preparation, and use in olefin oligomerization |
US5284989A (en) | 1992-11-04 | 1994-02-08 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Olefin oligomerization with surface modified zeolite catalyst |
GB9401275D0 (en) | 1994-01-24 | 1994-03-23 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc | Zeolite and manufacturing process |
JPH09509207A (ja) | 1994-02-22 | 1997-09-16 | エクソン ケミカル パテンツ インコーポレイテッド | オリゴマー化方法及びそのための触媒 |
US6419895B1 (en) | 2000-11-03 | 2002-07-16 | Uop Llc | Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolitic composition: UZM-4 |
ITMI20010782A1 (it) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-10-12 | Enitecnologie Spa | Procedimento per ottenere un carburante taglio diesel mediante oligomerizzazione di olefine o loro miscele |
FR2837199B1 (fr) | 2002-03-15 | 2005-09-16 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de conversion en plusieurs etapes d'une charge comprenant des olefines a quatre, cinq atomes de carbone ou plus, en vue de produire du propylene |
FR2837213B1 (fr) | 2002-03-15 | 2004-08-20 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de production conjointe de propylene et d'essence a partir d'une charge relativement lourde |
MXPA04009473A (es) | 2002-03-29 | 2005-02-03 | Exxonmobil Chem Patents Inc | Oligomerizacion de olefinas. |
US20060194999A1 (en) | 2005-02-28 | 2006-08-31 | Brown Stephen H | Gasoline production by olefin polymerization |
FR2887538B1 (fr) | 2005-06-28 | 2008-01-04 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de traitement d'une zeolithe a petits et/ou moyens pores et son utilisation en oligomerisation des olefines legeres |
FR2894850B1 (fr) | 2005-12-20 | 2008-02-01 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de preparation d'un catalyseur contenant une zeolithe modifiee et son utilisation en oligomerisation des olefines legeres |
CA2635224C (en) | 2005-12-28 | 2014-04-01 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Molecular sieve ssz-74 composition of matter and synthesis thereof |
US8222468B2 (en) * | 2006-05-08 | 2012-07-17 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Organic compound conversion process |
ES2303787B2 (es) * | 2007-02-01 | 2009-06-12 | Universidad Politecnica De Valencia | "material cristalino microporoso de naturaleza zeolitica, zeolita itq-39, procedimiento de preparacion y usos". |
EP2098498A1 (en) * | 2008-03-04 | 2009-09-09 | ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Selective oligomerization of isobutene |
US8178740B2 (en) * | 2008-12-09 | 2012-05-15 | Uop Llc | Olefin upgrading process |
ES2391700T3 (es) * | 2009-07-03 | 2012-11-29 | Bp Corporation North America Inc. | Procedimiento de oligomerización de alquenos |
EP2269734A1 (en) | 2009-07-03 | 2011-01-05 | BP Corporation North America Inc. | Modified zeolite catalyst |
ES2749501T3 (es) * | 2010-05-14 | 2020-03-20 | Bp Oil Int | Procedimiento de oligomerización de alquenos |
US9302971B2 (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2016-04-05 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Process to produce terephthalic acid |
-
2012
- 2012-07-19 ES ES201231138A patent/ES2443539B1/es not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2013
- 2013-07-12 WO PCT/ES2013/000172 patent/WO2014013102A1/es active Application Filing
- 2013-07-12 ES ES13820279.1T patent/ES2613393T3/es active Active
- 2013-07-12 EP EP13820279.1A patent/EP2876147B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2013-07-12 CN CN201380048760.3A patent/CN104854220B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2015
- 2015-01-19 US US14/599,544 patent/US9550706B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2876147B1 (en) | 2016-11-23 |
ES2443539A1 (es) | 2014-02-19 |
WO2014013102A1 (es) | 2014-01-23 |
WO2014013102A8 (es) | 2014-04-03 |
ES2613393T3 (es) | 2017-05-24 |
US20150197463A1 (en) | 2015-07-16 |
US9550706B2 (en) | 2017-01-24 |
EP2876147A4 (en) | 2016-03-30 |
CN104854220B (zh) | 2017-03-22 |
CN104854220A (zh) | 2015-08-19 |
EP2876147A1 (en) | 2015-05-27 |
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