ES2394744T3 - Decorative finish of a wood composite plate - Google Patents

Decorative finish of a wood composite plate Download PDF

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Publication number
ES2394744T3
ES2394744T3 ES09005141T ES09005141T ES2394744T3 ES 2394744 T3 ES2394744 T3 ES 2394744T3 ES 09005141 T ES09005141 T ES 09005141T ES 09005141 T ES09005141 T ES 09005141T ES 2394744 T3 ES2394744 T3 ES 2394744T3
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Prior art keywords
layer
plate
wood
melamine resin
decorative motif
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ES09005141T
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Spanish (es)
Inventor
Frank Oldorff
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Flooring Technologies Ltd
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Flooring Technologies Ltd
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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00Flooring
    • E04F15/02Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27NMANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N7/00After-treatment, e.g. reducing swelling or shrinkage, surfacing; Protecting the edges of boards against access of humidity
    • B27N7/005Coating boards, e.g. with a finishing or decorating layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44CPRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/24Pressing or stamping ornamental designs on surfaces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44CPRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C5/00Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
    • B44C5/04Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers
    • B44C5/043Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers containing wooden elements
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00Flooring
    • E04F15/02Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/02005Construction of joints, e.g. dividing strips
    • E04F15/02033Joints with beveled or recessed upper edges
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00Flooring
    • E04F15/18Separately-laid insulating layers; Other additional insulating measures; Floating floors
    • E04F15/181Insulating layers integrally formed with the flooring or the flooring elements
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2290/00Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for
    • E04F2290/04Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire
    • E04F2290/041Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire against noise
    • E04F2290/043Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire against noise with a bottom layer for sound insulation

Abstract

A method for finishing wood-based panels, especially MDF or HDF panels, involves sealing with melamine resin and printing a pattern directly onto the sealing layer before adding a protective layer of melamine resin and hot-pressing as usual. A method for finishing sheets of wood or timber products, especially MDF or HDF sheet, involves (a) coating the top of the sheet with a sealing layer (A) of melamine resin, (b) printing a pattern onto the sealing layer, (c) coating the pattern with a protective layer (B) of melamine resin and (d) pressing the sheet at elevated temperature until layers (A) and (B) melt and bond together with the printed pattern between them. An independent claim is also included for timber sheeting, especially HDF or MDF flooring panels with a wood or tile pattern, in which the base panel is coated with a sealing layer which is then printed with a pattern and provided with protective anti-wear coating(s).

Description

Acabado decorativo de una placa de compuesto de madera Decorative finish of a wood composite plate

La invención se refiere a un procedimiento para realizar el acabado de una placa de compuesto de madera, en particular placa MDF (de fibras de densidad media) o HDF (de fibras de alta densidad) con una cara superior y una cara inferior. Tales placas se utilizan por ejemplo para fabricar muebles. A partir de ellas pueden fabricarse también paneles, en particular paneles de suelo. The invention relates to a process for finishing a wood composite plate, in particular MDF (medium density fiber) or HDF (high density fiber) plate with an upper face and a lower face. Such plates are used for example to make furniture. From them, panels, in particular floor panels, can also be manufactured.

Los paneles de suelo con una placa de soporte de compuesto de madera se denominan usualmente paneles de laminado y se comercializan desde hace muchos años como sustitución del parquet. El motivo decorativo deseado (parquet, veteado de madera, enlosado) se estampa sobre una banda de papel, que a continuación se recubre con resina y se enrolla sobre un rodillo o se apila como mercancía en pliegos. La banda decorativa así prefabricada se tiende en la fábrica de suelos sobre la placa de soporte y se prensa. Al estamparse el motivo decorativo sobre la banda de papel, con el posterior sellado de la banda de papel con resina sintética y la subsiguiente unión, bajo la acción de la presión y la temperatura, de la capa decorativa con la placa de soporte, varían las dimensiones de la banda de papel. El especialista habla de que el papel crece. El papel crece tanto en longitud (crecimiento en longitud) como también en anchura (crecimiento en anchura). Cuando esta placa decorativa se corta a continuación a medida para formar paneles individuales, ha de tenerse en cuenta el crecimiento en longitud y en anchura, porque caso contrario tendría lugar una distribución desigual del motivo decorativo entre los distintos paneles. Esto traería como consecuencia que el suelo compuesto por un motivo decorativo distribuido de forma desigual presentaría en los bordes de unión de los paneles saltos de la decoración. Incluso cuando tales saltos de decoración fuesen de sólo unos pocos milímetros, saltarían a la vista del observador, lo cual influiría negativamente sobre la impresión estética y con ello sobre la calidad del suelo tendido. Floor panels with a wooden composite support plate are usually referred to as laminate panels and have been marketed for many years as a replacement for parquet. The desired decorative motif (parquet, wood grain, tiling) is stamped on a paper strip, which is then coated with resin and rolled on a roller or stacked as sheet merchandise. The prefabricated decorative band is laid in the floor factory on the support plate and pressed. When the decorative motif is stamped on the paper web, with the subsequent sealing of the paper web with synthetic resin and the subsequent bonding, under the action of pressure and temperature, of the decorative layer with the support plate, the paper band dimensions. The specialist talks about the role grows. The paper grows both in length (growth in length) and also in width (growth in width). When this decorative plate is then cut to size to form individual panels, growth in length and width must be taken into account, because otherwise an uneven distribution of the decorative motif would take place between the different panels. This would result in the floor composed of a decorative motif distributed unevenly present in the joining edges of the panels jumps of the decoration. Even when such decorative leaps were only a few millimeters, they would jump into view of the observer, which would negatively influence the aesthetic impression and with it the quality of the laid floor.

Para poder fabricar con la calidad requerida, debe detectarse el crecimiento del papel y ajustarse correspondientemente la sierra, que corta adecuadamente los paneles a partir de la placa de soporte. El ajuste manual cuesta mucho tiempo. El documento DE 100 19 054 C1 describe un procedimiento para cortar a medida paneles a partir de una placa de soporte, mediante el que la sierra puede adaptarse automáticamente al crecimiento del papel. Para ello son necesarias cámaras, que detectan la posición real de puntos definidos del motivo decorativo. La posición real se compara a continuación con la posición debida y se averigua la desviación de la medida en anchura o longitud, con lo que la sierra puede ajustarse correspondientemente. To be able to manufacture with the required quality, the paper growth must be detected and the saw must be adjusted accordingly, which properly cuts the panels from the support plate. Manual adjustment costs a lot of time. Document DE 100 19 054 C1 describes a procedure for custom cutting panels from a support plate, whereby the saw can automatically adapt to paper growth. This requires cameras, which detect the actual position of defined points of the decorative motif. The actual position is then compared with the proper position and the deviation of the measurement in width or length is ascertained, whereby the saw can be adjusted accordingly.

Para optimizar el corte a medida debe por lo tanto realizarse una elevada inversión, que encarece la fabricación de los paneles de alta calidad. Para adaptar aún más el aspecto óptico del panel de laminado al aspecto óptico de un panel de madera natural, puede estar prevista en la prensa en la que se prensa la capa decorativa con la placa de soporte una matriz que presenta un relieve, que imprime un relieve correspondiente al veteado de madera en la capa de resina sintética. Puesto que el crecimiento del papel no es reproducible, no es posible llevar el relieve por completo a coincidir con el motivo decorativo. Las juntas de una superficie de enlosado no pueden estamparse sobre la superficie, ya que allí las desviaciones se harían visibles inmediatamente. To optimize the cut to measure, therefore, a high investment must be made, which makes the manufacturing of high-quality panels more expensive. To further adapt the optical appearance of the laminate panel to the optical aspect of a natural wood panel, a matrix having a relief, which prints a pattern, can be provided in the press in which the decorative layer is pressed with the support plate relief corresponding to the wood grain in the synthetic resin layer. Since paper growth is not reproducible, it is not possible to bring the relief completely to match the decorative motif. The joints of a tiling surface cannot be stamped on the surface, since there the deviations would become visible immediately.

En el documento DE 195 32 819 A1 se da a conocer un procedimiento para fabricar una placa de compuesto de madera con una superficie configurable ópticamente, en la que sobre la placa de compuesto de madera se aplican uno tras otro un entintado de imprimación, un sellado, una base de estampado y un estampado decorativo. La base de estampado se forma entonces a partir de un entintado de imprimación o bien una imprimación de un sellado de barniz y un barniz de superficie. Mediante cilindros de grabación puede imprimirse sobre la base de estampado un estampado decorativo, por ejemplo en una impresión a dos tintas. Sobre este estampado puede finalmente aplicarse un barniz UV (para ultravioleta) de acrilato en varias capas, que puede endurecerse mediante luz UV. Document DE 195 32 819 A1 discloses a process for manufacturing a wood composite plate with an optically configurable surface, in which a primer inking, a sealing is applied one after the other to the wood composite plate , a stamping base and a decorative pattern. The stamping base is then formed from a primer inking or a primer from a varnish seal and a surface varnish. By means of recording cylinders, a decorative print can be printed on the printing base, for example in a two-ink printing. Finally, a UV varnish (for ultraviolet) of acrylate can be applied in several layers, which can be hardened by UV light.

En el documento DE 199 41 300 A1 se describe una placa de material prensado deformable en caliente con un núcleo de madera y/o fibras de celulosa, impregnado con una resina de formaldehído que puede endurecerse con el calor. Sobre esta placa de material prensado pueden estar aplicadas por ambos lados una capa decorativa de una lámina de plástico, papel o madera y/o una capa de barniz. Además pueden estar compuestas las capas decorativas también por una resina acrílica, de uretano, de epoxi o de melanina reticulada, que contienen una sustancia de relleno o un colorante. In DE 199 41 300 A1 a plate of hot deformable pressed material with a wood core and / or cellulose fibers, impregnated with a formaldehyde resin which can be hardened with heat is described. A decorative layer of a sheet of plastic, paper or wood and / or a layer of varnish can be applied on both sides of this pressed material plate. In addition, the decorative layers may also be composed of an acrylic, urethane, epoxy or crosslinked melanin resin, which contain a filler or a dye.

El documento EP 1 026 008 A2 da a conocer un overlay (capa de cubierta), un procedimiento para fabricar un overlay y un procedimiento para fabricar laminados multicapa, en el que sobre una capa de soporte se aplican por la parte inferior patrones de dibujo y capas colorantes a contraimpresión. Como capa de soporte puede utilizarse entonces un papel impregnado con resina de melamina, que se prensa con el laminado. EP 1 026 008 A2 discloses an overlay (cover layer), a process for manufacturing an overlay and a process for manufacturing multilayer laminates, in which drawing patterns are applied on the bottom layer and counterprinting coloring layers. As a support layer, then a paper impregnated with melamine resin can be used, which is pressed with the laminate.

El documento DE 197 51 115 A1 da a conocer un procedimiento para recubrir por ejemplo un panel, en el que sobre la superficie se aplica al menos una capa de tinta, mediante un procedimiento de impresión, en particular mediante serigrafiado. Aquí puede estar la superficie no tratada, pulimentada o sometida a un tratamiento previo, en particular barnizada. Finalmente puede estar cubierta la capa de tinta aplicada mediante un recubrimiento de barniz incoloro. Document DE 197 51 115 A1 discloses a method for coating, for example, a panel, in which at least one layer of ink is applied on the surface, by means of a printing process, in particular by screen printing. Here the surface can be untreated, polished or subjected to a previous treatment, in particular varnished. Finally, the layer of ink applied by a colorless varnish coating can be covered.

Partiendo de esta problemática, debe indicarse un procedimiento para el acabado de una placa de compuesto de madera mediante el que se eviten los inconvenientes antes descritos. Starting from this problem, a procedure for the finishing of a wood composite plate must be indicated by which the above-described drawbacks are avoided.

La solución al problema se logra con una placa de compuesto de madera de tipo genérico mediante las siguientes etapas: The solution to the problem is achieved with a generic type wood composite plate through the following steps:

a) aplicación de una capa de sellado de resina de melamina o de resina uríca sobre la cara superior de la placa, b) estampado de un motivo decorativo, que presenta colores resistentes al calor, compuesto preferiblemente a) application of a sealing layer of melamine resin or uric resin on the upper face of the plate, b) stamping of a decorative motif, which has heat-resistant colors, preferably composed

por tintas resistentes al calor, sobre la capa de sellado, c) aplicación de una capa de protección de resina de melamina sobre el motivo decorativo, d) prensado de la placa bajo la acción de la temperatura, hasta que se funden la capa de protección y la capa de by heat-resistant inks, on the sealing layer, c) application of a melamine resin protective layer on the decorative motif, d) pressing the plate under the action of temperature, until the protective layer melts and the layer of

sellado y se unen entre sí alojando el motivo decorativo estampado, e) generación de cavidades en la capa de protección al prensar, utilizando una placa de prensar, que está dotada de un relieve que se corresponde con el motivo decorativo. sealed and joined together housing the patterned decorative motif, e) generation of cavities in the protective layer when pressing, using a pressing plate, which is provided with a relief that corresponds to the decorative motif.

Puesto que el motivo decorativo está estampado sobre la placa, no sólo se elimina la problemática que implica el crecimiento del papel, sino también el manejo que implica el tendido de la banda de papel sobre la cara superior de la placa. Mediante la aplicación de la capa de sellado sobre la capa de soporte se evita que la tinta de estampado sea aspirada por la placa de soporte, lo que sucedería sin la capa de sellado, ya que la placa de soporte como tal es absorbente. Mediante la capa de sellado se mantiene fija y cohesionada la tinta del motivo decorativo en la superficie, con lo que la capa decorativa permanece en la superficie y configura un motivo decorativo preciso, claramente visible. La capa de protección de resina de melamina sustituye al overlay conocido, que en los procedimientos de acabado conocidos se tiende sobre el papel decorativo. Mediante el prensado subsiguiente bajo la acción de la temperatura, hasta que la capa de protección y la capa de sellado se funden, queda alojado el motivo decorativo y la capa de sellado y la capa de protección forman un conjunto unido. Con ayuda de la placa de prensar puede ajustarse el grado de brillo de la superficie. Si se utiliza una placa de prensar pulimentada, se logra una superficie muy brillante. Since the decorative motif is stamped on the plate, not only the problem that involves the growth of the paper is eliminated, but also the handling that involves the laying of the paper band on the upper face of the plate. By applying the sealing layer on the support layer, the stamping ink is prevented from being aspirated by the support plate, which would happen without the sealing layer, since the support plate as such is absorbent. The ink of the decorative motif on the surface is fixed and cohesive by means of the sealing layer, whereby the decorative layer remains on the surface and forms a precise, clearly visible decorative motif. The melamine resin protection layer replaces the known overlay, which in the known finishing procedures is laid on the decorative paper. By subsequent pressing under the action of temperature, until the protective layer and the sealing layer melt, the decorative motif is lodged and the sealing layer and the protection layer form a bonded assembly. The degree of surface brightness can be adjusted with the help of the pressing plate. If a polished pressing plate is used, a very bright surface is achieved.

Para que el motivo decorativo o bien la capa de tinta no se funda o varíe de color al prensar, debe utilizarse una tinta correspondientemente resistente al calor o bien barniz resistente al calor adicionalmente. So that the decorative motif or the ink layer does not melt or vary in color when pressing, a correspondingly heat-resistant ink or additionally heat-resistant varnish must be used.

Preferiblemente se realiza el acabado de la placa mediante las siguientes etapas adicionales: Preferably, the plate is finished by the following additional steps:

f) aplicación de una capa de resina de melamina sobre la cara inferior de la placa, g) prensado de la placa bajo la acción de la temperatura hasta que la capa de resina de melamina se funde y se une con la placa. f) application of a layer of melamine resin on the underside of the plate, g) pressing of the plate under the action of temperature until the melamine resin layer melts and joins with the plate.

El acabado de la placa puede realizarse preferiblemente mediante las siguientes etapas: The plate finish can preferably be carried out by the following steps:

f) aplicación de una capa de sellado de resina de melamina sobre la cara inferior de la placa, g) aplicación de una capa de tinta, que presenta colores resistentes al calor, sobre la capa de sellado, h) aplicación de una capa de protección de resina de melanina sobre la capa de tinta, i) prensado de la placa bajo la acción de la temperatura, hasta que se funden la capa de protección y la capa de f) application of a sealing layer of melamine resin on the underside of the plate, g) application of an ink layer, which has heat-resistant colors, on the sealing layer, h) application of a melanin resin protection layer on the ink layer, i) pressing the plate under the action of the temperature, until the protective layer and the layer of

sellado y se unen entre sí, alojando la capa de tinta. sealed and join together, housing the ink layer.

Mediante estas etapas se sustituye el recubrimiento inferior, en otros casos usual, en un panel de laminado. Los distintos espesores de capa se corresponden con los de la cara superior, con lo que queda excluido un estiraje de la placa. Through these steps the lower coating, in other usual cases, is replaced on a laminate panel. The different layer thicknesses correspond to those of the upper face, which excludes a stretch of the plate.

Es especialmente ventajoso que se realice a la vez el acabado de la cara superior y el de la cara inferior, reduciéndose así el tiempo de fabricación. It is especially advantageous that the finishing of the upper face and that of the lower face be done at the same time, thus reducing the manufacturing time.

El acabado de la placa puede realizarse en un proceso continuo, utilizándose preferiblemente para prensar una prensa de alimentación continua. De esta manera se reduce aún más el tiempo de fabricación, lo cual reduce los costes de producción. The plate can be finished in a continuous process, preferably used to press a continuous feed press. This reduces manufacturing time even further, which reduces production costs.

Las capas de sellado y/o las capas de protección se aplican preferiblemente en varias capas individuales, secándose cada capa individual antes de aplicar la siguiente capa. Las capas individuales tienen un peso superficial de en cada caso 10-40 g/m2. La capa de sellado está compuesta preferiblemente por dos capas individuales; la capa de protección por cuatro capas individuales. También la tinta de imprimir puede aplicarse en varias capas. The sealing layers and / or the protective layers are preferably applied in several individual layers, each individual layer being dried before applying the next layer. The individual layers have a surface weight of 10-40 g / m2 in each case. The sealing layer is preferably composed of two individual layers; the protection layer by four individual layers. Also the printing ink can be applied in several layers.

Para obtener una superficie lisa, se pulimenta preferiblemente la placa antes de aplicar la primera capa individual de la capa de sellado. En al menos una capa individual de la capa de protección está entremezclado o esparcido corindón, para aumentar la resistencia al desgaste. También pueden estar entremezclados o esparcidos en la capa de protección aditivos antibacterianos y/o antiestáticos. Esto puede realizarse en la misma o en otra capa individual. Preferiblemente están tratadas correspondientemente todas las capas individuales. En la capa de sellado y/o la capa de protección pueden alojarse sustancias de relleno. Como sustancias de relleno son adecuados fibras de madera, polvo de madera, metales, sustancias minerales (arcilla, arena), plásticos, celulosa o cenizas. Mediante la sustancias de relleno puede lograrse una estructura que se aplica correspondiéndose con el motivo decorativo, con lo que pueden generarse relieves de filigrana. To obtain a smooth surface, the plate is preferably polished before applying the first single layer of the sealing layer. In at least one individual layer of the protective layer is intermingled or scattered corundum, to increase wear resistance. Antibacterial and / or antistatic additives may also be intermingled or spread in the protective layer. This can be done in the same or in another individual layer. Preferably all individual layers are treated accordingly. Fillers can be accommodated in the sealing layer and / or the protective layer. Wood fillers, wood dust, metals, mineral substances (clay, sand), plastics, cellulose or ashes are suitable as fillers. By means of the fillers, a structure can be achieved that is applied corresponding to the decorative motif, whereby filigree reliefs can be generated.

En las capas individuales sobre la capa inferior sirven sustancias de relleno por ejemplo para atenuar el ruido de las pisadas. In the individual layers on the lower layer, fillers serve, for example, to attenuate the noise of the footsteps.

El acabado de la cara superior de la placa puede también realizarse sólo por zonas. Preferiblemente se realiza el acabado sobre una superficie de la placa que discurre oblicua respecto a la cara superior. Para ello pueden estamparse varias juntas en V sobre la cara superior de la placa. Tras realizar el acabado se sierra la placa en el centro a lo largo de las juntas en V, de lo que resultan paneles individuales, cuyos bordes laterales presentan un chaflán. Estos chaflanes subrayan posteriormente el aspecto óptico de una junta entre paneles individuales de un suelo. The finishing of the upper face of the plate can also be done only by zones. Preferably, the finishing is carried out on a surface of the plate which runs obliquely with respect to the upper face. For this, several V-joints can be stamped on the upper face of the plate. After finishing, the plate is sawed in the center along the V-joints, resulting in individual panels, whose side edges have a chamfer. These chamfers subsequently underline the optical appearance of a joint between individual panels of a floor.

Puesto que no se utiliza ninguna capa de papel, están protegidas las placas frente a estiraje, que podría resultar debido a la fuerza de autotracción de los papeles. Puesto que se trata de capas delgadas, pueden lograrse tiempos del proceso cortos. Las sustancias de relleno alojadas en las capas individuales sobre la cara inferior de la placa pueden estar previstas para atenuar el sonido de las pisadas. Since no paper layer is used, the plates are protected against stretching, which could result due to the self-pulling force of the papers. Since these are thin layers, short process times can be achieved. The fillers housed in the individual layers on the underside of the plate may be provided to attenuate the sound of the footsteps.

En lugar de realizar el acabado de una placa de soporte de HDF o MDF, pueden encontrar aplicación también placas OSB (de fibras orientadas) o placas de aglomerado tradicionales con una capa de cubierta finamente esparcida de la forma correspondiente. También puede pensarse en constituir la capa de sellado tan gruesa que se compensen irregularidades en la placa (OSB). Instead of finishing an HDF or MDF support plate, OSB plates (of oriented fibers) or traditional agglomerate plates with a finely spread cover layer of the corresponding form can also be found. One can also think of constituting the sealing layer so thick that irregularities in the plate (OSB) are compensated.

Las placas pueden utilizarse no sólo como paneles de suelo, sino que pueden también utilizarse en la fabricación de muebles. The plates can be used not only as floor panels, but can also be used in furniture manufacturing.

En una placa de compuesto de madera, en particular un panel de suelo, compuesto por una capa de soporte de HDF o MDF, con una cara superior y una cara inferior, presentando la cara superior un motivo decorativo, precisamente un motivo decorativo de madera o de enlosado, estando aplicada sobre la capa de soporte una capa de sellado, sobre la que está estampado un motivo decorativo que presenta colores resistentes al calor, preferiblemente de tintas resistentes al calor y estando cubierto el motivo decorativo por al menos una capa de protección frente al desgaste, está compuesta la capa de sellado según la invención por resina de melamina o de urea. On a wooden composite plate, in particular a floor panel, consisting of an HDF or MDF support layer, with an upper face and a lower face, the upper face presenting a decorative motif, precisely a decorative motif made of wood or of tiling, a sealing layer being applied to the support layer, onto which a decorative motif is printed that has heat-resistant colors, preferably heat-resistant inks and the decorative motif is covered by at least one protective layer against upon wear, the sealing layer according to the invention is composed of melamine or urea resin.

Estampando la correspondiente capa decorativa pueden revalorizarse maderas económicas. Así puede por ejemplo estamparse sobre un mobiliario de pino un motivo decorativo de roble y resaltarse correspondientemente con colores. Stamping the corresponding decorative layer can be revalued economic woods. Thus, for example, a decorative oak motif can be stamped on pine furniture and correspondingly highlighted with colors.

La placa de prensar está dotada de un relieve que se corresponde con el motivo decorativo. Al prensar la placa se generan cavidades en la capa de protección, que por ejemplo se corresponden con un veteado de madera o con una superficie de enlosado. Con ello se adapta la háptica de la superficie a una superficie natural. The pressing plate is provided with a relief that corresponds to the decorative motif. When pressing the plate, cavities are generated in the protective layer, which for example correspond to a wood grain or a tiling surface. This adapts the surface haptic to a natural surface.

En el marco de la invención está estampado el motivo decorativo directamente sobre la capa de sellado. Para aumentar la resistencia frente al desgaste pueden estar aplicados sobre el motivo decorativo medios texturizadores The decorative motif is stamped directly on the sealing layer within the framework of the invention. To increase the resistance against wear, texturizing means can be applied to the decorative motif

o granos de corindón. Los medios texturizadores o granos de corindón pueden estar alojados también en la capa de protección frente al desgaste. or corundum grains. Texturing media or corundum grains can also be housed in the wear protection layer.

La placa de soporte puede estar alisada sobre la cara superior y/o la cara inferior, de manera ventajosa pulimentada. The support plate can be smoothed on the upper face and / or the lower face, advantageously polished.

En particular pueden estar estampadas en la capa de protección en dirección longitudinal y/o dirección transversal de la placa, juntas que discurren con forma de V. En la continuación del tratamiento se sierran los paneles a partir de la placa, serrando en el centro a lo largo de la junta en V. De esta manera obtienen los paneles un borde achaflanado. In particular, joints that run in a V-shape can be stamped on the protective layer in the longitudinal direction and / or transverse direction of the plate. In the continuation of the treatment the panels are sawn from the plate, sawing in the center to along the V-joint. In this way the panels obtain a chamfered edge.

Claims (13)

REIVINDICACIONES 1. Procedimiento para realizar el acabado de una placa de madera o de compuesto de madera, en particular placa MDF (de fibras de densidad media) o HDF (de fibras de alta densidad), con una cara superior y una cara inferior, con las siguientes etapas: 1. Procedure for finishing a wood or wood composite plate, in particular MDF (medium density fiber) or HDF (high density fiber) plate, with an upper face and a lower face, with following stages: a) aplicación de una capa de sellado de resina de melamina o de resina úrica sobre la cara superior de la a) application of a sealing layer of melamine resin or uric resin on the upper face of the placa, license plate, b) estampado de un motivo decorativo, que presenta colores resistentes al calor, compuesto preferiblemente b) stamping of a decorative motif, which has heat-resistant colors, preferably composed por tintas resistentes al calor, sobre la capa de sellado, by heat-resistant inks, on the sealing layer, c) aplicación de una capa de protección de resina de melamina sobre el motivo decorativo, c) application of a melamine resin protective layer on the decorative motif, d) prensado de la placa bajo la acción de la temperatura, hasta que se funden la capa de protección y la capa d) pressing the plate under the action of temperature, until the protective layer and the layer melt de sellado y se unen entre sí alojando el motivo decorativo estampado, e) generación de cavidades en la capa de protección al prensar, utilizando una placa de prensar, que está dotada de un relieve que se corresponde con el motivo decorativo. sealing and joining each other housing the patterned decorative motif, e) generation of cavities in the protective layer when pressing, using a pressing plate, which is provided with a relief that corresponds to the decorative motif. 2. Procedimiento según la reivindicación 1,2. Method according to claim 1, caracterizado por las siguientes etapas: f) aplicación de al menos una capa de resina de melamina sobre la cara inferior de la placa, g) prensado de la placa bajo la acción de la temperatura, hasta que se funde la capa de resina de melamina y  characterized by the following steps: f) application of at least one layer of melamine resin on the underside of the plate, g) pressing of the plate under the action of temperature, until the melamine resin layer melts and se une con la placa. It joins with the plate. 3. Procedimiento según la reivindicación 1, 3. Method according to claim 1, caracterizado por las siguientes etapas: characterized by the following stages: f) aplicación de una capa de sellado de resina de melamina sobre la cara inferior de la placa, f) application of a sealing layer of melamine resin on the underside of the plate, g) aplicación de una capa de tinta, que presenta colores resistentes al calor, sobre la capa de sellado, g) application of an ink layer, which has heat-resistant colors, on the sealing layer, h) aplicación de una capa de protección de resina de melamina sobre la capa de tinta, h) application of a melamine resin protection layer on the ink layer, i) prensado de la placa bajo la acción de la temperatura, hasta que se funden la capa de protección y la capa i) pressing the plate under the action of temperature, until the protective layer and the layer melt de sellado y se unen entre si alojando la capa de tinta. sealing and join together housing the ink layer.
4. Four.
Procedimiento según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque el motivo decorativo estampado es un veteado de madera o una superficie de enlosado, con la que se corresponden las cavidades. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the patterned decorative motif is a wood grain or a tiling surface, with which the cavities correspond.
5. 5.
Procedimiento según una de las reivindicaciones 1 a 3, caracterizado porque para la capa de sellado y/o la capa de protección se aplican varias capas individuales y cada capa individual se seca antes de aplicar la siguiente. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that for the sealing layer and / or the protection layer several individual layers are applied and each individual layer is dried before applying the next one.
6. 6.
Procedimiento según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque en la capa de protección se entremezclan corindón y/o celulosa, como al menos otros componentes. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that corundum and / or cellulose are mixed in the protective layer, as at least other components.
7. 7.
Procedimiento según una o varias de las reivindicaciones precedentes, caracterizado porque en la capa de sellado y/o la capa de protección se introduce al menos una sustancia de relleno. Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one filler is introduced into the sealing layer and / or the protective layer.
8. 8.
Procedimiento según la reivindicación 7, caracterizado porque como sustancia de relleno se utilizan fibras de madera, polvo de madera, metales, sustancias minerales, plásticos, celulosa o cenizas. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that wood fibers, wood dust, metals, mineral substances, plastics, cellulose or ashes are used as fillers.
9. 9.
Placa de compuesto de madera, compuesta por una placa de soporte con una cara superior y una cara inferior, presentando la cara superior de la placa de soporte una capa de sellado, sobre la que está estampado un motivo decorativo, que presenta colores resistentes al calor, preferiblemente de tintas resistentes al calor y estando cubierto el motivo decorativo por al menos una capa de protección de resina de melamina, caracterizada porque la capa de sellado está compuesta por resina de melamina o de urea y la capa de protección presenta cavidades que se corresponden con el motivo decorativo. Wood composite plate, consisting of a support plate with an upper face and a lower face, the upper face of the support plate presenting a sealing layer, on which a decorative motif is stamped, presenting heat-resistant colors , preferably of heat-resistant inks and the decorative motif being covered by at least one melamine resin protection layer, characterized in that the sealing layer is composed of melamine or urea resin and the protection layer has corresponding cavities With the decorative motif.
10.10.
Placa de compuesto de madera según la reivindicación 9, caracterizada porque el motivo decorativo está estampado directamente sobre la capa de sellado.  Wood composite plate according to claim 9, characterized in that the decorative motif is stamped directly on the sealing layer.
11. eleven.
Placa de compuesto de madera según la reivindicación 9 ó 10, caracterizada porque la capa de protección presenta, como al menos componentes adicionales, corindón y celulosa. Wood composite plate according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the protective layer has, as at least additional components, corundum and cellulose.
12.12.
Placa de compuesto de madera según una de las reivindicaciones 9 a 11, caracterizada porque la placa de soporte está compuesta por material OSB (de fibras orientadas) con una capa de cubierta fina, de material de virutas, MDF o HDF.  Wood composite plate according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the support plate is composed of OSB material (of oriented fibers) with a thin cover layer, of chip material, MDF or HDF.
5 13. Placa de compuesto de madera según una de las reivindicaciones 9 a 12, caracterizada porque la placa de soporte está alisada y/o pulimentada sobre la cara superior y/o cara inferior. 13. A wood composite plate according to one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the support plate is smoothed and / or polished on the upper and / or lower face.
14. Placa de compuesto de madera según una de las reivindicaciones 9 a 13,14. Wood composite plate according to one of claims 9 to 13, caracterizada porque las cavidades se corresponden con un veteado de madera o con una superficie de 10 enlosado.   characterized in that the cavities correspond to a wood grain or a surface of 10 tiles.
ES09005141T 2003-03-06 2003-09-06 Decorative finish of a wood composite plate Expired - Lifetime ES2394744T3 (en)

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