ES2389563T3 - Reinforcement element for the absorption of forces in concrete plates in the support elements sector - Google Patents

Abstract

Structural system composed of a slab (14) and a support element (13) that supports the concrete slab (14), a reinforcement element, composed of construction steel, being arranged on the slab (14) for absorbing forces in the support element sector (13), characterized in that at least one stirrup bar (2) of the reinforcement element is fixed a stirrup bar (3) which has the shape of a stirrup, stirrup bar (3) which has a first end sector (4) connected to the base bar (2) by welding, in which union reinforcement elements (11) are incorporated and welded, a first inclined sector (5) that is far from the base bar ( 2) at an angle ß1 of plus or minus 25º to 45º, a middle sector (7) distanced from the base bar (2), a second inclined sector (9) that is oriented towards the base bar (2) under an angle ß2 of more 25º to 45º atoms, and a second extreme sector (10), connected to the base bar (2) by Welding, joining in which reinforcement elements (11) are inserted and welded, and because the base bar is juxtaposed supporting element of the concrete slab and the middle sector (7) of the stirrup bar (3) is arranged above the support element and distanced from it and has a straight section that corresponds more or less to the width of the support element (13), and the first end sector (4) being a lower part of the first inclined sector (5), and the second sector end (10) a lower part of the second inclined sector (9).

Description

Reinforcement element for the absorption of forces in concrete plates in the support elements sector

The present invention relates to a structural system with a reinforcement element that in a concrete slab provided with support elements is configured for the absorption of forces, in each case in the sector of the support elements, and is constituted of steel of building.

In addition, the invention relates to a structural system with a reinforcement system for the absorption of forces in concrete plates in the sector of support elements, which is composed of multiple reinforcement elements.

In the sector of the supports in concrete screeds and foundation slabs, precautions should be taken to be able to optimally introduce the support forces in the concrete screeds and / or foundation slabs, in particular for the absorption of the so-called punching forces . For this purpose, different solutions have been proposed, for example it is known to use so-called fungiform pillars in these sectors.

These fungiform pillars meet the requirements very well, their disadvantage is, however, being very expensive.

In addition, it is also known that in the sector of the supports the so-called punching cages, formed of construction steel, are inserted in the foundation slabs or concrete slabs, as are known, for example, from EP A 0 688 613. It has been shown, however, that in elements of this type the load is limited.

Document DE 29808491 U discloses a structural system according to the preamble of claim 1.

The objective of the present invention is to create a structural system with a reinforcement element for the absorption of forces in concrete slabs in the sector of the support elements, which can absorb large loads and be manufactured simply and economically.

According to the invention, the solution of the problem occurs because at least one stirrup bar is attached to at least one base bar that is in the shape of a stirrup, stirrup bar that has a first end sector connected to the base bar by welding, joint in which reinforcement elements are incorporated and welded, a first inclined sector that moves away from the base bar at an angle 1 of more or less 25º to 45º, a middle sector distanced from the base bar, a second inclined sector that is oriented towards the base bar at an angle 2 of about 25 ° to 45 °, and a second end sector, joined with the base bar by welding, joint in which reinforcement elements are inserted and welded , and because the base bar is juxtaposed to the support element of the concrete slab and the middle sector of the stirrup bar is disposed above the support element and distanced from it and has a straight section q It corresponds roughly to the width of the support element, and the first end sector being a lower part of the first inclined sector, and the second end sector a lower part of the second inclined sector.

In this way, a very simple and inexpensive armor element is achieved, which can optimally introduce the support forces in the concrete slab or in the foundation slab, which is also achieved, particularly, because between the base bar and the first inclined sector of the stirrup bar and between the base bar and the second inclined sector of the stirrup bar, an angle of about 25º to 45º is formed in each case and because for the joints between stirrup bars and base bars reinforcement elements are used. The middle sector of the stirrup bar has a straight section that corresponds more or less to the width of the support element, whereby a good distribution of forces is achieved. The connection between the extreme sectors of the stirrup bars with the base bars is done by welding. In this way the necessary strength of the junction points is achieved.

An advantageous configuration of the invention is that the reinforcement element is formed of a base bar and two parallel stirrup bars relative to each other, and because the stirrup bars have a corresponding distance from one another, more or less, to the thickness of the base bar. In this way an armor element can be produced that optimally meets certain requirements.

To fulfill even more special requirements, the reinforcement element can also be designed so that it is made of two parallel base bars with each other and three stirrup bars parallel to each other or three base bars parallel to each other and two stirrup bars parallel to each other, that the stirrup bars have, in each case, a distance from each other that corresponds, more or less, to the thickness of a base bar, and that the base bars have, in each case, each other a distance that corresponds, more or less, to the thickness of a stirrup bar.

In this way, also the base bars and the stirrup bars can be optimally joined together.

Advantageously, the end sectors of the base bars are provided with anchoring elements, whereby said end sectors of the base bars are optimally anchored in the concrete screed or in the foundation slab. Advantageously, the end bars of the base bars can also be provided with a folding to the base bars as an anchor; It is also possible to provide the base bars of long end sectors, whereby a good anchoring in the concrete results thanks to the length of the embodiment.

The reinforcement elements are configured so that a reinforcement system for the absorption of forces in concrete screeds or foundation slabs in the support elements sector can be composed of multiple reinforcement elements. For this reason, in a support element whose cross section has a width corresponding more or less to the length, several reinforcement elements can be used crosswise.

Advantageously, armature elements with two different heights are used in this cross application, so that the lower armor elements can be plugged into the higher armature elements. In this way, said reinforcement elements can be optimally composed for the most diverse fields of application.

Advantageously, a pivot element is fixed on at least one point of intersection in the crossed reinforcement elements. In this way, the reinforcement systems composed of crossed and pre-assembled reinforcement elements can be folded for transport on the pivot elements, whereby the need for space becomes less.

In a support element having a length substantially greater than its width, a plurality of reinforcement elements aligned parallel to each other and transverse of the longitudinal direction of the support element can advantageously be used, whereby a system is also achieved of optimal reinforcement, for example for supporting walls.

By means of these composite reinforcement elements for reinforcement systems, the great advantage is achieved that the base bars extend above the respective support body and that the reinforcement elements can be optimally integrated into the upper and lower flexural reinforcement benches. of the concrete slab and / or foundation slabs.

Next, by way of the attached drawings, embodiments of the present invention are described by way of example.

They show:

Figures 1 to 3, in a view, a spatial representation and a horizontal plane of a first embodiment of an armature element;

Figures 4 and 5, in spatial representation, the configuration of the connection between the stirrup bars and the base bar;

Figure 6, in spatial representation, a partial view of another embodiment of an armature element;

Figures 7 to 9, in a view, a spatial representation and a horizontal plane of a cross formed of two elements of armor;

Figures 10 to 12, in a view, a spatial representation and a horizontal plane of a cross formed of three elements of armor;

Figures 13 to 15, in a view, a spatial representation and a horizontal plane of a cross formed of four elements of armor;

Figures 16 and 17, in a view and a spatial representation, a pre-assembled cross of two armor elements;

Figure 18, a spatial representation of a pivot element for joining two open reinforcement elements;

Figure 19, a spatial representation of the pivot element according to Figure 18, the two armature elements being joined together to be transported;

Figure 20, in a spatial representation, the closed pivot cross to be transported;

Figure 21, a horizontal plane of a cross formed of reinforcement elements in which additional reinforcement cages are inserted, and

Figure 22, a horizontal plane of a support element, whose length is substantially greater than its width, with armature elements arranged in series parallel to each other.

In Figure 1 a first embodiment of a structural system according to the invention is shown with a reinforcement element 1. Said reinforcement element 1 is composed of a stretched base bar 2 in which a first stirrup bar 3 is fixed which has, in each case, the shape of a stirrup, and a second stirrup bar 3 'corresponding to the first stirrup bar 3. These two stirrup bars 3 and 3' have a first end sector 4 which, in each case , is connected to a base bar 2. Following this end sector 4, both stirrup bars 3 and 3 'comprise a first inclined sector 5 that moves away from the base bar 2, specifically under an angle 1 which, In the present example, it is about 30 °. Said first inclined sector 5 ends in a curvature 6 formed so that the stirrup bars 3 and 3 'extend in the subsequent middle sector 7 more or less parallel to the base bar 2. Consequently, said middle sector 7 is finished by another curvature 8, whereby the stirrup bar 3, 3 'passes to a second inclined sector 9 oriented to the base bar 2, specifically under an angle 2 which, in the present embodiment, also has more or less 30 °. The second inclined sector 9 of both stirrup bars 3, 3 'ends in a second end sector 10 connected, in each case, again with the base bar 2.

The connection between the end sectors 4 and 10 of the stirrup bars 3, 3 'with the base bar 2 is produced by welding. In order to achieve an optimal connection here, reinforcement elements 11 can be used, which will still be described in detail below.

As can also be seen in FIGS. 1 to 3, the base bar 2 is provided in its extreme sectors with anchoring elements 12 formed in the exemplary embodiment shown here in folding the end sectors of the base bar 2; said anchoring elements 12 may also be formed in a known manner, for example anchoring heads; it is also conceivable that the end sectors of the base bar 2 are prolonged and that the anchoring in the concrete is sufficiently achieved by the length of the base bar 2.

The base bar 2 and the stirrup bars 3 are formed by commercial construction steel, the diameters of said reinforcement bars adapted to the proposed use and load; It is also conceivable to manufacture armor elements of this type of stainless steel, instead of construction steel, when required by the corresponding use; however, other suitable materials are also conceivable.

In figure 1 it is evident how the reinforcement element 1 can be used. In this case, a support element 13 is shown schematically that must support a concrete slab 14. The reinforcement element 1 is used so that the bar of the respective base 2 is adjacent to the support element 13, while the stirrup bars 3 are opposite the support element 13. In the installation, the base bar 2 may be placed, for example, at the level of the first benches Lower flexural reinforcement of the hearth. Consequently, the middle sector 7 of the armature element 1 can be placed at the level of the fourth upper flexural armor bed of the hearth. Thus, said reinforcement element 1 is optimally integrated to the benches of flexural reinforcement of the hearth. The middle sector 7 has a length that corresponds more or less to the width of the support element 13.

Figure 4 shows in a spatial representation the configuration of a joint between the two stirrup bars 3, 3 'and the base bar 2. The respective end sector 4 of the stirrup bars 3 and 3' are welded laterally to the bar of base 2. To reinforce, four pieces of bar 15 are welded to the base bar 2 and to the stirrup bars 3 and 3 ', covered, in each case, externally with a bridge element 16, bridge element 16 which is also welded with stirrup bars 3 and 3 '. In this way, an optimum connection is achieved between the base bar 2 and the stirrup bars 3, 3 'which can absorb the loads optimally. The opposite joint in the reinforcement element 1 is configured in the same way.

Figure 5 shows another connection option between the stirrup bars 3 and 3 'and the base bar 2. The stirrup bars 3 and 3' are welded, in turn, with their end sectors 4 laterally to the base bar 2, a reinforcement plate is also placed which in the area of the end sector 4 of the stirrup bars 3 and 3 'has, in each case, a recess 18, said reinforcement plate 17, in turn, welded with the base bar 2 and stirrup bars 3 and 3 '. Also in this way an optimal bond is obtained.

Figure 6 shows a half of another embodiment of a reinforcement element 1. Said embodiment example is, in turn, composed of base bars 2 and stirrup bars 3 formed identical to those of the first embodiment example. In this case, three base bars 2, 2 ', 2 "are not used to which two stirrup bars 3, 3' are attached. In this case, the end sectors 4 of the stirrup bars 3, 3 'reach up to the base bars 2, 2', 2 ", so that the stirrup bars 3, 3 ', 3" and the bars of base 2, 2 'respectively have a corresponding distance from each other. To reinforce the joint, in turn, pieces of bar 15 can be used and welded with the corresponding bars.

Of course, other combinations are also possible, for example three stirrup bars and two base bars, in which the base bar would extend between the respective stirrup bars and the bars would, again, have the corresponding distance about other. Of course other compilations are possible, in each case depending on the field of application and the forces to be transmitted.

Figures 7 to 9 show a first embodiment of an armature system 19 that is composed of two armor elements 1, as described for Figures 1 to 3. In this case, a first armor element 1 It is arranged in crudes with respect to a second armature element 1 '. The second reinforcement element 1 'shows with respect to the first reinforcement element 1 a lower height between the base bar 2 and the middle sector 7, so that the second reinforcement element 1' can be plugged into the first reinforcement element 1 When installing this reinforcement system 19 in the concrete screed 14, as shown in figure 7, between the first and fourth armor beds, that is to say at the level of the first and third armor beds of the screed, of so that said system 19 is also optimally integrated to the benches of flexural reinforcement of the hearth.

In figures 10 to 12 another embodiment of an armature system 19 is evident; said embodiment consists of a first armature element 1 in which two second armature elements 1 'are connected transversely at a distance from each other. The bed of this embodiment of an armature system 19 in the hearth 14 to be supported by the support element 13 is produced, as shown in Figure 10, in the same way as in the preceding embodiment. As shown in Figure 12, this armature system 19 with a first reinforcement element 1 and two transverse reinforcement elements 1 ′ thereto is suitable, particularly, for supports 13 having a rectangular shape.

Another embodiment of an armature system 19 is shown in Figures 13 to 15. In this armature system 19 two first armature elements 1 are used, parallel to each other, in which it is plugged transversely to the same two second reinforcement elements 1. The position and arrangement in the hearth 14 is produced in the same way as in the preceding embodiments, so that also here an optimal integration is achieved in the first to the fourth bench of flexural reinforcement of The hearth. Armor systems of this type can be used, in particular, on support elements 13 that have a greater width and length, as shown in Figure 15, and which must absorb larger loads.

In figures 16 and 17 it is evident the embodiment of an armature system 19 that corresponds to that described in figures 7 to 9. Said armor system 19 can be supplied in a preassembled state. To this end, a pivot element 20 is placed at the upper intersection point of the two reinforcement elements 1 and 1 'which will still be described in detail below. As can be seen in FIGS. 18 and 19, the pivot element 20 is composed of an upper cover 21 and a lower cover 22 which comprise the corresponding stirrup bars 3, 3 "of the first reinforcement element 1 and the second reinforcement element. one'. The upper cover 21 and the lower cover 22 are pierced by a screw 23. Said screw 23 can be loosened, the first reinforcement element 1 and the second reinforcement element 1 'can then be folded on the axis of said screw 23 , as can be seen in particular in Figure 20, therefore said pre-assembled armature systems 19 can be transported, saving space, in this folded position and being deployed on site and fixed in the deployed position by tightening the screw 23 .

An armature system 19 is shown in Figure 21, which consists of a first reinforcement element 1 and a second reinforcement element 1 ', as described above, form a cross. Said reinforcement system is arranged centrally on the support element 13. In the angular sectors of said support element 13 and between reinforcement elements 1 and 1 ', reinforcement cages 24 having the known structure can be used as additional reinforcement of steel construction. It is also conceivable to use anchor pins instead of reinforcement cages 24. Figure 22 shows a horizontal plane of a support element 13 having a length substantially greater than the width. This may be, for example, a supporting wall. Advantageously, a series of first reinforcement elements 1 that are spaced apart from each other and parallel to each other can be applied to the slab. In this way, optimal support is also obtained in this case.

The reinforcement elements, as described above, can be combined in the most varied ways, depending on the load to be absorbed, but also depending on the cross-sectional shape of the support elements. In this regard, it is particularly advantageous that said reinforcement elements, which form the desired reinforcement system in each case, are passed through respectively in the support element sector, which enables optimum load absorption.

Claims (8)

one.

Structural system composed of a slab (14) and a support element (13) that supports the concrete slab (14), being arranged in the slab (14) a reinforcement element, composed of construction steel, for the absorption of forces in the sector of the support element (13), characterized in that at least one base bar (2) of the reinforcement element is fixed a stirrup bar (3) which has the shape of a stirrup, stirrup bar ( 3) which has a first end sector (4) joined with the base bar (2) by welding, in whose union reinforcement elements (11) are incorporated and welded, a first inclined sector (5) that moves away from the base bar (2) at an angle 1 of plus or minus 25º to 45º, a middle sector (7) distanced from the base bar (2), a second inclined sector (9) that is oriented towards the base bar ( 2) under an angle 2 of plus or minus 25º to 45º, and a second end sector (10), joined with the middle base bar (2) The weld, joint in which reinforcement elements (11) are inserted and welded, and because the base bar is juxtaposed to the support element of the concrete slab and the middle sector (7) of the stirrup bar (3) it is arranged on top of the support element and spaced therefrom and has a straight section that corresponds roughly to the width of the support element (13), and the first end sector (4) being a lower part of the first inclined sector (5). ), and the second end sector (10) a lower part of the second inclined sector (9).

2.

Structural system according to claim 1, characterized in that it is formed of a base bar

(2) and two stirrup bars (3, 3 ') parallel to each other, and because the stirrup bars (3, 3') have a distance from each other that corresponds, more or less, to the thickness of the base bar (2).

3.

Structural system according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made of two base bars (2, 2 ') parallel to each other and three stirrup bars (3, 3', 3 ”) parallel to each other or three base bars ( 2, 2 ', 2 ”) parallel to each other and two stirrup bars (3, 3') parallel to each other, because the stirrup bars (3, 3 ', 3”) have, in each case, a distance one of another that corresponds, more or less, to the thickness of a base bar (2), and that the base bars (2, 2 ', 2 ”) have, in each case, each other a corresponding distance, more or less , to the thickness of a stirrup bar (3).

Four.

Structural system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the end sectors of the base bars (2, 2 ’, 2”) are provided with anchoring elements (12).

5.

Structural system for the absorption of forces in concrete slabs or screeds of support elements, composed of multiple reinforcement elements (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in a support element (13), whose section transverse has a width that corresponds more or less to the length, it is possible to use multiple reinforcement elements (1, 1 ') in a cross.

6.

Structural system according to claim 5, characterized in that in the case of cross application armature elements (1, 1 ') with two different heights can be used, so that the armature elements (1') of lower height can be plugged in in the armor elements (1) of greater height.

7.

Structural system according to claim 6, characterized in that in the case of crossed reinforcement elements (1, 1 ’) a pivot element (20) is arranged at least one point of intersection.

8.

Structural system for the absorption of forces in concrete slabs or floor slabs in the sector of support elements, composed of multiple reinforcement elements (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in the case of a support element (13), which has a length that is substantially greater than its width, it is possible to use multiple armature elements (1) aligned parallel to each other and transverse to the longitudinal direction of the support element (13).