ES2351283A1 - Light casetones with inserted ceramic soils. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Lightweight caissons with inserted ceramic soles. Light cassette, for application in the lightening of slabs, consisting of a main element of expanded polystyrene in which are inserted, embedded or pressure, one or more ceramic soles essentially flat with longitudinal ribs that are anchored to the main element of the cassette. Both components of the cassette help each other to achieve a sufficient mechanical resistance for the hanging of heavy objects and installations, at the same time that the protection against the fire required by the legal regulations is achieved. Solving thus the problem posed by the coffers and bare vaults of expanded polystyrene. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Light cassettes with ceramic soles inserted.

Technical sector

The present invention falls within the sector of construction, and more specifically in relation to elements as casetones and vaults for lightening floor slabs mezzanines in reinforced concrete structures.

Background of the invention

Currently, for the lightening of floors are mostly used cases or vaults manufactured from hollow concrete or ceramic elements. Also, although in quantity much smaller, expanded polystyrene elements are used for the same application.

The expanded polystyrene cases, by have a practically insignificant own weight, they would have to be much more suitable than concrete or ceramic for lightening of floors. However, they only reach one limited diffusion due to its low resistance to hanging objects such as lamps, installations, etc. and, above all, because the Recent legal regulations require that they be coated in one layer Fire resistant protective. Said coating - usually of plaster or cement mortar - it is an economic barrier that penalizes expanded polystyrene against other materials competitors and also has the disadvantage that with its application hide the solid concrete areas where they could hang heavy objects and facilities. For the reasons exposed, and despite its excellent qualities for the floor lightening, expanded polystyrene cases are, in most cases, rejected by project technicians and builders in general.

To solve the problem raised would be convenient to provide polystyrene vaults or vaults expanded of some type of coating or protective element of resistant and fireproof material on its underside, which is the only that is exposed to the air after its integration into the wrought.

Some industrialists and inventors propose solutions based on mixed elements, composed of pieces of concrete or ceramic on which other pieces of expanded polystyrene that complete the desired edge but not they provide no mechanical resistance to the whole.

As an example of these solutions we find the Utility Models U9201745 and U200602642.

But these mixed elements have not been well accepted by designers and builders, and the reason main is that the concrete or ceramic pieces that are included are in themselves authentic casetones or medium height vaults since they need to have a minimum song to get the necessary mechanical resistance As a consequence, the gain of Own weight savings achieved are so low that the advantage intended becomes irrelevant. As an added difficulty, the provisioning and placement on site of these elements are It is very complicated to be divided into several pieces that are delivered separated.

On the other hand, the inventor himself owns Invention Patent Application P200602210, concerning some Expanded polystyrene cases and vaults with sole concrete guard integrated by a procedure wash. Products manufactured according to said Request for Patent, although they satisfactorily solve the problem, They have the disadvantage that they are necessary for their manufacture specific and very expensive industrial facilities. For him Otherwise, the present invention, as described below, will be It can be implemented through very simple procedures, to from conventional industrial facilities and with a much smaller investment.

Description of the invention

This new lightweight cassette for lightening Forged is constituted of a main element or body, preferably made of expanded polystyrene, in which they are inserted one or several ceramic soles, essentially flat, of such that both components of the cassette help each other to achieve sufficient mechanical strength for hanging heavy objects and facilities, while achieving the Fire protection required by legal regulations.

Ceramic soles basically have a flat design and have a series of longitudinal nerves that can have its section in the form of "T", or in the form of "tail of Milano "with markedly rounded edges; by means of these nerves secure anchorage of the soles to the main body is achieved of the caseton. The soles can preferably be manufactured from extruded and cooked clay because this is the most ceramic material cheap that is known; and the main body of the cassette will be preferably made of expanded polystyrene because it is currently the most appropriate material for technical reasons and economic, but they could also be valid in the future other synthetic foams in development, based on polypropylene, polyethylene, etc., without this reason being limiting the invention.

The present invention is further illustrated. by the following four embodiments preferred.

First embodiment preferential

In which the cassette is manufactured by the method of molding, previously introducing ceramic soles into the mold (2), which are embedded in the solid body (1) of polystyrene expanded. In this embodiment they can be used interchangeably ceramic soles with ribs (6) in the form of a section "T" or in "dovetail".

Second example of realization preferential

In which the expanded polystyrene cassette It is molded next to a ceramic sole following it procedure described in the previous example; with the variant of that the case takes the form of a hollow module or vault, with tongue and groove devices (4) that allow coupling successive with other similar modules. Optionally, the modules they can have the beaded side edges (5) to create a support step on prefabricated joists.

Third example of realization preferential

In which the cassette (1) is solid and does not manufactures by the molding method but is obtained by sawing and custom cut from a larger block of polystyrene expanded. Then a series of channels (3) of the antagonist section of the nerves (6) of the ceramic soles (2). Finally, the ceramic soles (2) -in in this case, those with section nerves in "dovetail" with rounded edges- are inserted into pressure in the cassette (1) by means of a press -which can be manual, hydraulic or pneumatic - taking advantage of the elasticity of the expanded polystyrene and using water as a lubricant to facilitate the penetration of the soles. The insertion of the soles by lateral sliding, still possible from the point of mechanical view, is not considered appropriate due to the strong friction that expanded polystyrene would have with the surface rough and burrs that have ceramic pieces. The setting of coupling between the soles and the main body will be adequate so that, with the cassette already integrated in the floor, it can be hung an object of 50 kg at any point of a ceramic sole without it breaking or separating from the body of the caseton

Fourth example of realization preferential

In which the expanded polystyrene cassette it is not solid, but it is hollow and is formed from two molded half-sets (11) assembled facing each other by a tongue and groove device (4). As in the example above, the ceramic soles (2) are inserted under pressure with the Same procedures and specifications.

Fifth example of realization preferential

As an improvement option, common to all four previous examples of preferred embodiments, the soles of ceramic (2) may additionally have another series of ribs longitudinal (8) located on its lower face, with section in "dovetail" and rounded edges. The function of these nerves below would be to serve as an anchoring device to corrugated insulating panels (9) manufactured according to the Model Utility U200801479 owned by the applicant. From this way it would be possible to simultaneously execute the forged and its thermal insulation, in cases where It was necessary.

Finally, and as an additional advantage, evidences the ease with which the casetones object of the The present invention can be divided into two equal halves by cutting expanded polystyrene, by means of a hot wire, in line with the joint of the soles, which remain of A whole piece on each side divided. The possibility of being able supplying half-boxes with all their blind faces is very convenient in the works for the high number of these elements which are used in the floors.

Description of the drawings

This descriptive report is complemented with a series of illustrative and never limiting drawings of the invention.

Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a ceramic sole (2) with the ribs (6) in the form of "T" and next to it a detail of the corresponding section.

Figure 2 shows a perspective view of a ceramic sole (2) with the ribs (6) in the form of a "tail of Milano "with rounded edges, and next to it a detail of the corresponding section. Through holes (7) serve to lighten the clay dough and facilitate cooking it.

Figure 3 shows a perspective view of another variant of ceramic sole (2) with ribs (6) in shape of "dovetail" with rounded edges, and next to it a detail of the corresponding section.

Figure 4 shows a perspective view of a ceramic sole (2) to which they have been added on their face lower other nerves (8) that have the function of serving as anchored to expanded polystyrene insulated panels grooved in antagonistic section to that of the nerves, and next to it a detail of the corresponding section.

Figure 5 shows a perspective view of a solid molded caseton (1) together with two ceramic soles (2) that remain embedded in the expanded polystyrene body.

Figure 6 shows a perspective view of a solid expanded polystyrene cassette obtained by custom cutting from a larger block, with the channels (3) milled in its base, and with two ceramic soles (2) inserted under pressure.

Figure 7 shows paths seen in perspective, front and flipped, of two cassette modules (1) same, in the shape of a hollow vault, with a ceramic sole (2) embedded in expanded polystyrene, appreciating devices tongue and groove coupling (4) on its front and back faces, and the beaded side edges (5) to constitute a step of support on prefabricated joists.

Figure 8 shows a perspective view of a linear vault composed of four modules (1) equal to the of Fig. 7, coupled in a row.

Figure 9 shows in perspective two hollow half-sets (11) the same, molded with their ribbed base (3) and with tongue and groove devices (4), before performing the coupling to compose an entire cassette.

Figure 10 shows the caseton in perspective integer resulting from the coupling of the two hollow half-sets (11) represented in Fig. 9 and with two ceramic soles (2) under pressure. The recess (12) is a handle to handle Better the casetones.

Figure 11 shows two cassette means (1), resulting from cutting a whole cassette in the middle, appreciating how There is one whole sole (2) in each of them.

Figure 12 shows a cross section of a cut box (1) equipped with ceramic sole (2) of the type shown in Fig. 4; that is to say with nerves below (8), which attach a corrugated insulating panel (9) of polystyrene expanded.

Figure 13 shows a type section of a reinforced concrete slab (10) lightened with light cases (1) with ceramic soles (2) inserted, object of the invention.

Figure 14 shows a section similar to that of Fig. 13, with the variant that the cassettes (1) are equipped with ceramic soles (2) which also have anchoring ribs below (8). To these nerves are coupled corrugated insulating panels (9) of expanded polystyrene. As can be seen in the enlarged detail, the insulating panels (9) are embedded in the concrete (10) of the solid areas of the
wrought.

Claims (8)

1. Light cassette for floors, hollow or solid, characterized by being composed of a main element (1), preferably made of expanded polystyrene, in which one or more ceramic soles (2) are inserted essentially flat with longitudinal ribs (6) in the form of "T" or "dovetail", in order to provide the caseton with a fire protection and sufficient resistance to hang heavy objects and installations. 2. Light cassette, according to claim 1, characterized in that the main element (1) of expanded polystyrene is molded in solid format together with the ceramic soles (2) previously introduced in the mold, the soles being embedded in the cassette in a single manufacturing phase 3. Light cassette, according to claims 1 and 2nd, in which the main element (1) of expanded polystyrene is hollow and is manufactured by molding method, taking the form of a vault module with tongue and groove devices (4) on its front and back faces so that it can be embedded in row with other similar modules and thus compose a vault of undefined length 4. Light cassette, according to claim 1, characterized in that the main element (1) is solid and is obtained by custom cutting from a larger block of expanded polystyrene, having at its base channels (3) milled with "tail" section de milano "antagonist to that of the nerves of the ceramic soles (2) that are inserted under pressure in the main element (1). 5. Light cassette, according to claim 1, characterized in that it is composed of two hollow half-sets (11) obtained by molding method, assembled together by tongue and groove device (4), and having at its base channels (3) of section in "dovetail" antagonistic to that of the longitudinal ribs (6) of the ceramic soles (2) inserted under pressure in the cassette. 6. Light cassettes, according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, characterized in that the ceramic soles (2) additionally incorporate, in its lower face, other longitudinal ribs (8) of dovetail section with rounded edges which serve as a device for anchoring below corrugated insulating panels (9) of expanded polystyrene. 7. Light cassettes, according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, characterized in that they have the lateral edges bent (5), forming a step that serves as a support device in prefabricated joists. 8. Light cassettes, according to claims 1, 2 and 5, characterized in that they incorporate lateral recesses (12) that have the function of handles.