ES2146384T3 - Procedimiento de recondensacion de hidrocarburos gaseosos. - Google Patents

Procedimiento de recondensacion de hidrocarburos gaseosos.

Info

Publication number
ES2146384T3
ES2146384T3 ES96901578T ES96901578T ES2146384T3 ES 2146384 T3 ES2146384 T3 ES 2146384T3 ES 96901578 T ES96901578 T ES 96901578T ES 96901578 T ES96901578 T ES 96901578T ES 2146384 T3 ES2146384 T3 ES 2146384T3
Authority
ES
Spain
Prior art keywords
pct
recondensation
procedure
gaseous hydrocarbon
date jul
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
ES96901578T
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Einar Brendeng
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sinvent AS
Original Assignee
Sinvent AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sinvent AS filed Critical Sinvent AS
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of ES2146384T3 publication Critical patent/ES2146384T3/es
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
    • B01D5/0033—Other features
    • B01D5/0036—Multiple-effect condensation; Fractional condensation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D8/00—Cold traps; Cold baffles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/24—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F25J1/0025—Boil-off gases "BOG" from storages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0221—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop
    • F25J1/0224—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop in combination with an internal quasi-closed refrigeration loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
    • F25J1/0248—Stopping of the process, e.g. defrosting or deriming, maintenance; Back-up mode or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/02—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/42—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/80—Carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/62—Ethane or ethylene
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/64—Propane or propylene
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/66—Butane or mixed butanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
    • F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
    • F25J2220/62—Separating low boiling components, e.g. He, H2, N2, Air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/62—Details of storing a fluid in a tank

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

METODO PARA RECONDENSAR HIDROCARBUROS GASEOSOS EMPLEANDO NITROGENO U OTRO GAS INERTE, COMBINANDO LA COMPOSICION DE GAS (100) CON VAPOR DE HIDROCARBURO (113) Y COMPRIMIENDOLA EN UNA SOLA FASE (151,152) Y CONDENSANDO LA COMPOSICION PARCIALMENTE EN UN INTERCAMBIADOR DE CALOR EMPLEANDO UN REFRIGERANTE SEPARADO. EL GAS DE DESCOMPRESION COMPRIMIDO (104) SE CONDENSA PARCIALMENTE POR INTERCAMBIO DE CALOR CON EL REFRIGERANTE SEPARADO EN UNA PRIMERA FASE DE CONDENSACION (153) Y SE SEPARA EN UN PRIMER SEPARADOR DE FASE (156). EL FLUJO DE LIQUIDO (106) PROCEDENTE DEL PRIMER SEPARADO DE FASE (153) SE DIVIDE EN DOS FLUJOS DE COMPONENTES (115) Y (117) SIENDO SOMETIDO EL FLUJO (17) A UN INTERCAMBIO DE CALOR EN UN REFRIGERADOR INTERMEDIO (162). LA PARTE GASEOSA (107) PROCEDENTE DEL PRIMER SEPARADOR DE FASE (156) SE CONDENSA ADEMAS EN UNA SEGUNDA FASE DE CONDENSACION (154) POR INTERCAMBIO DE CALOR CON A) AL MENOS UNA PARTE DE CONDENSADO REFRIGERADO (118,111) PROCEDENTE DEL PRIMER SEPARADOR DE FASE (156) EXPANSIONADO (155) EL CONDENSADO (111) A UNA PRESION INFERIOR Y VAPORIZANDOLA POR INTERCAMBIO DE CALOR CON LA PARTE GASEOSA (107), Y B) GAS INERTE QUE CONTIENE HIDROCARBURO (141) PROCEDENTE DE UN SEGUNDO SEPARADOR DE FASE (160), Y QUE ALIMENTADO DICHO SEGUNDO SEPARADOR DE FASE CON UNA MEZCLA DE CONDENSADO Y GAS INERTE/DE HIDROCARBURO EN LINEA (108) A PARTIR DEL FLUJO PARCIALMENTE CONDENSADO (107).
ES96901578T 1995-01-19 1996-01-11 Procedimiento de recondensacion de hidrocarburos gaseosos. Expired - Lifetime ES2146384T3 (es)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO950204A NO303836B1 (no) 1995-01-19 1995-01-19 FramgangsmÕte for kondensering av hydrokarbongass

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
ES2146384T3 true ES2146384T3 (es) 2000-08-01

Family

ID=19897847

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
ES96901578T Expired - Lifetime ES2146384T3 (es) 1995-01-19 1996-01-11 Procedimiento de recondensacion de hidrocarburos gaseosos.

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US5860294A (es)
EP (1) EP0804360B1 (es)
AT (1) ATE191411T1 (es)
AU (1) AU4591296A (es)
CA (1) CA2209794A1 (es)
DE (1) DE69607591T2 (es)
DK (1) DK0804360T3 (es)
ES (1) ES2146384T3 (es)
NO (1) NO303836B1 (es)
WO (1) WO1996022221A1 (es)

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US5799509A (en) * 1997-08-22 1998-09-01 The Boc Group, Inc. Multi-component recovery apparatus and method
NO315214B1 (no) * 2001-04-03 2003-07-28 Knutsen Oas Shipping As Fremgangsmåte og anordning ved petroleumslasting. (Avdampingstank over dekkog kompressorer med trykklagertanker)
NO317823B1 (no) * 2001-06-19 2004-12-13 Navion Asa Anlegg og fremgangsmate for dekkgassbeskyttelse av tanker og tilknyttede innretninger om bord pa et tankskip
NO319972B1 (no) * 2001-06-26 2005-10-03 Knutsen Oas Shipping As Fremgangsmate og anordning for a redusere utskilling av flyktige organiske forbindelser fra olje under fylling av tanker
EP1271066B1 (de) * 2001-06-29 2004-10-13 Paul Wurth S.A. Raumlufttechnisches Verfahren und raumlufttechnische Anlage
NO314423B1 (no) * 2001-07-31 2003-03-17 Hamworthy Kse As Fremgangsmåte ved gjenvinning av VOC-gass og anlegg for gjenvinning av VOC-gass
US6745576B1 (en) * 2003-01-17 2004-06-08 Darron Granger Natural gas vapor recondenser system
US20060032239A1 (en) * 2004-08-12 2006-02-16 Chicago Bridge & Iron Company Boil-off gas removal system
US7918250B2 (en) * 2006-06-19 2011-04-05 Michael Siegler Apparatus and method for the vapor recovery of propane vapors during fueling
KR101098223B1 (ko) * 2009-11-30 2011-12-27 탱크테크 (주) 유류운반선내 ｖｏｃ 저감장치
NO333898B1 (no) * 2009-12-22 2013-10-14 Waertsilae Oil & Gas Systems As Fremgangsmåte og system for lasting av varm cargo
US9823014B2 (en) 2011-04-19 2017-11-21 Babcock Ip Management (Number One) Limited Method of cooling boil off gas and an apparatus therefor
KR101281176B1 (ko) * 2011-05-18 2013-07-02 삼성중공업 주식회사 원유 운반선의 휘발성 유기 화합물 배출 감소 장치
KR101271759B1 (ko) * 2011-05-19 2013-06-05 삼성중공업 주식회사 원유 운반선의 휘발성 유기 화합물 배출 감소 장치
KR101904367B1 (ko) 2011-05-30 2018-10-05 바르질라 가스 솔루션즈 노르웨이 에이에스 Lpg 증발 가스를 액화시키기 위하여 연료로 사용되는 lng의 활용
US8814992B2 (en) 2011-06-01 2014-08-26 Greene's Energy Group, Llc Gas expansion cooling method
CN102538392A (zh) * 2011-11-23 2012-07-04 吴国存 油性废气压缩冷凝收集装置
WO2014048864A2 (en) * 2012-09-28 2014-04-03 Solvay Sa Process for producing liquefied impure ethylene
US9140221B2 (en) * 2012-11-30 2015-09-22 Electro-Motive Diesel, Inc. Fuel recovery system
US20180003431A1 (en) * 2016-07-01 2018-01-04 Electro-Motive Diesel, Inc. Storage system for fuels
KR101876974B1 (ko) * 2016-09-29 2018-07-10 대우조선해양 주식회사 선박용 증발가스 재액화 장치 및 방법
CN113677942B (zh) 2019-03-27 2023-06-09 Lge知识产权管理有限公司 冷却蒸发气体的方法和用于该方法的装置
GB201912221D0 (en) * 2019-08-26 2019-10-09 Babcock Ip Man Number One Limited Method of cooling boil off gas and an apparatus therefor
CN111237890B (zh) * 2020-01-10 2020-09-15 中国空间技术研究院 液氮冷量的梯级利用系统及其控制方法
CN112229141A (zh) * 2020-09-08 2021-01-15 星恩杰气体(上海)有限公司 一种静态混合式液化天然气的蒸发气再液化系统及方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO950204D0 (no) 1995-01-19
DE69607591T2 (de) 2000-12-21
EP0804360B1 (en) 2000-04-05
NO303836B1 (no) 1998-09-07
EP0804360A1 (en) 1997-11-05
NO950204L (no) 1996-07-22
WO1996022221A1 (en) 1996-07-25
DK0804360T3 (da) 2000-09-11
CA2209794A1 (en) 1996-07-25
DE69607591D1 (de) 2000-05-11
ATE191411T1 (de) 2000-04-15
US5860294A (en) 1999-01-19
AU4591296A (en) 1996-08-07

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