ES2117761T3 - Construccion de union de colector con espacio de aire. - Google Patents
Construccion de union de colector con espacio de aire.Info
- Publication number
- ES2117761T3 ES2117761T3 ES94305781T ES94305781T ES2117761T3 ES 2117761 T3 ES2117761 T3 ES 2117761T3 ES 94305781 T ES94305781 T ES 94305781T ES 94305781 T ES94305781 T ES 94305781T ES 2117761 T3 ES2117761 T3 ES 2117761T3
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- tubular liner
- inner tubular
- exhaust port
- manifold
- jacket
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/008—Mounting or arrangement of exhaust sensors in or on exhaust apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
- F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
- F01N13/102—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds having thermal insulation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/14—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
- F01N13/141—Double-walled exhaust pipes or housings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
- F01N13/1883—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly manufactured by hydroforming
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
- F01N13/1888—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly the housing of the assembly consisting of two or more parts, e.g. two half-shells
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
- F01N3/34—Arrangements for supply of additional air using air conduits or jet air pumps, e.g. near the engine exhaust port
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2260/00—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
- F01N2260/10—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for avoiding stress caused by expansions or contractions due to temperature variations
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
- F01N2450/22—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements by welding or brazing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2530/00—Selection of materials for tubes, chambers or housings
- F01N2530/02—Corrosion resistive metals
- F01N2530/04—Steel alloys, e.g. stainless steel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Gasket Seals (AREA)
Abstract
UNA ESTRUCTURA DE UNA JUNTA DEL COLECTOR DEL ESPACIO ENTRE ELECTRODOS (10) QUE CONSTA DE UNA BRIDA DE LA LUMBRERA DE ESCAPE DEL MOTOR (12) QUE TIENE UNA PLURALIDAD DE ORIFICIOS EN LA LUMBRERA DE ESCAPE (14), CADA UNO DE ELLOS CON UNA PARED DE ORIFICIO INTERIOR (16), Y UN COLECTOR DE DOBLE PARED QUE TIENE UNA PLURALIDAD DE CORREDERAS (27) CADA UNA DE LAS CUALES INCLUYE UN REVESTIMIENTO TUBULAR INTERIOR (30) Y UNA CUBIERTA TUBULAR EXTERIOR (34), EN DONDE EL REVESTIMIENTO TUBULAR INTERIOR SE ENCUENTRA GENERALMENTE SEPARADO DE LA CUBIERTA TUBULAR EXTERIOR A TODO LO LARGO SUSTANCIALMENTE DEL REVESTIMIENTO TUBULAR INTERIOR PARA FORMAR UN ESPACIO DE AIRE. UN MANGUITO ADAPTADOR (40) SE EXTIENDE ENTRE UN ORIFICIO DE LA LUMBRERA DE ESCAPE Y LA ENTRADA A UNA DE LAS CORREDERAS. EL MANGUITO ENCAJA DENTRO DE LA ENTRADA QUEDANDO LOS EXTREMOS DE LA CUBIERTA Y DEL REVESTIMIENTO DE LA CORREDERA ACOPLADOS AL MISMO POR LA PERIFERIA. EL REVESTIMIENTO (30) SE EXTIENDE LIGERAMENTE MAS ALLA A LO LARGO DEL MANGUITO(40) HACIA UN ORIFICIO DE LA LUMBRERA DE ESCAPE QUE LA CUBIERTA (34) Y EL REVESTIMIENTO, LA CUBIERTA Y EL MANGUITO QUEDAN ACOPLADOS ENTRE SI MEDIANTE UNA COSTURA SOLDADA EXTERIOR (42). HACIA EL EXTREMO DE SALIDA DEL COLECTOR, EL REVESTIMIENTO TERMINA POCO ANTES QUE EL EXTREMO DE LA CUBIERTA Y QUEDA ACOPLADO DE FORMA DESLIZANTE A LA MISMA.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/151,556 US5349817A (en) | 1993-11-12 | 1993-11-12 | Air gap manifold port flange connection |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
ES2117761T3 true ES2117761T3 (es) | 1998-08-16 |
Family
ID=22539295
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
ES94305781T Expired - Lifetime ES2117761T3 (es) | 1993-11-12 | 1994-08-04 | Construccion de union de colector con espacio de aire. |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5349817A (es) |
EP (1) | EP0653552B1 (es) |
JP (1) | JP2736508B2 (es) |
AT (1) | ATE166429T1 (es) |
DE (1) | DE69410399T2 (es) |
ES (1) | ES2117761T3 (es) |
Families Citing this family (41)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5768890A (en) * | 1993-11-12 | 1998-06-23 | Benteler Automotive Corporation | Exhaust air rail manifold |
US5572867A (en) * | 1993-11-12 | 1996-11-12 | Benteler Industries, Inc. | Exhaust air rail manifold |
JPH07317540A (ja) * | 1994-05-27 | 1995-12-05 | Calsonic Corp | 薄肉二重管型排気マニホールド |
US6247552B1 (en) * | 1994-12-16 | 2001-06-19 | J. Eberspächer Gmbh & Co. | Air gap-insulated exhaust manifold |
DE4444760C2 (de) * | 1994-12-16 | 2003-02-13 | Eberspaecher J Gmbh & Co | Luftspaltisolierter Abgaskrümmer |
DE19511514C1 (de) * | 1995-03-29 | 1996-08-01 | Daimler Benz Ag | Abgaskrümmer für eine Brennkraftmaschine |
DE19521849A1 (de) * | 1995-06-16 | 1996-12-19 | Eberspaecher J | Abgaskrümmer mit blechgeformten Einlaßrohren |
JPH09125948A (ja) * | 1995-10-31 | 1997-05-13 | Toshiomi Hayashi | エンジンの排気系配管類の組立方法及び組立構造 |
US5729975A (en) * | 1996-06-11 | 1998-03-24 | Benteler Automotive Corporation | Semi-airgap manifold formation |
JPH1026037A (ja) * | 1996-07-09 | 1998-01-27 | Yutaka Giken Co Ltd | センサ取付ボス |
DE19628798B4 (de) * | 1996-07-17 | 2008-04-17 | Daimler Ag | Abgaskrümmer zur Abgasführung aus einer Brennkraftmaschine |
US5953912A (en) * | 1996-09-10 | 1999-09-21 | Honda Giken Kobyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust manifold of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine |
DE19733473C2 (de) * | 1997-08-02 | 2000-07-06 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer Anbindung eines lambda-Sondenhalters an ein Abgasrohr |
FR2777320B1 (fr) * | 1998-04-09 | 2000-09-22 | Renault | Collecteur d'echappement pour moteur a combustion interne |
US6209319B1 (en) * | 1998-09-28 | 2001-04-03 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Pipe assembly having inner and outer pipes |
EP1041255A3 (en) * | 1999-04-01 | 2003-04-02 | Mascotech Tubular Products, Inc. | Stamped exhaust manifold for vehicle engines |
DE19923557B4 (de) * | 1999-05-21 | 2006-07-13 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Gebauter luftspaltisolierter Abgaskrümmer einer Abgasanlage eines Kraftfahrzeuges und ein Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
US6324838B1 (en) * | 1999-10-07 | 2001-12-04 | Metaldyne Tubular Products, Inc. | Flow deflector member for exhaust manifold |
US6334310B1 (en) * | 2000-06-02 | 2002-01-01 | General Electric Company | Fracture resistant support structure for a hula seal in a turbine combustor and related method |
US6346330B1 (en) | 2000-12-14 | 2002-02-12 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Form-in-place gasket for electronic applications |
US6670017B2 (en) | 2000-12-14 | 2003-12-30 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Photocurable form-in-place gasket for electronic applications |
DE10102637A1 (de) * | 2001-01-20 | 2002-07-25 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Abgaskrümmer zur Abgasabführung aus einem Verbrennungsmotor |
DE10223838C1 (de) * | 2002-05-28 | 2003-10-16 | Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh | Anordnung zur Führung von Abgasen |
US7836692B2 (en) * | 2005-01-31 | 2010-11-23 | Faurecia Systemes D'echappement | Exhaust line element provided with a turbocompressor |
US7305763B2 (en) * | 2005-07-26 | 2007-12-11 | Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University | Hydroformed port liner |
WO2007081669A2 (en) * | 2006-01-03 | 2007-07-19 | Metaldyne Company, Llc | Dual wall exhaust manifold and method of making same |
DE102006033357B4 (de) * | 2006-07-19 | 2009-04-09 | Elringklinger Ag | Einrichtung zur Bildung einer abgedichteten Verschraubung für den Anschluß einer Rohrleitung an einen Ausgang für ein die Einrichtung thermisch belastendes Strömungsmedium |
US7975473B2 (en) * | 2007-10-10 | 2011-07-12 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Exhaust manifold assembly |
KR100916787B1 (ko) * | 2007-12-14 | 2009-09-14 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 실린더 헤드 및 배기 시스템 |
US8079214B2 (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2011-12-20 | Hyundai Motor Company | Integrally formed engine exhaust manifold and cylinder head |
US8656709B2 (en) * | 2008-01-14 | 2014-02-25 | Flexible Metal, Inc. | Dual-layer to flange welded joint |
EP2340364B1 (en) * | 2008-10-01 | 2015-10-21 | Borgwarner Inc. | Exhaust flow insulator for an exhaust system device |
KR20110060415A (ko) * | 2009-11-30 | 2011-06-08 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 차량의 배기파이프 구조 |
US7887100B1 (en) * | 2009-12-08 | 2011-02-15 | Car Sound Exhaust Systems, Inc | Method and apparatus for mating irregular or non-circular exhaust ports with tubing of a circular cross section in exhaust flange assemblies |
CN105026718B (zh) * | 2013-02-28 | 2018-03-30 | 佛吉亚排放控制技术美国有限公司 | 具有涡轮增压器支承件的排气歧管 |
DE102014215084C5 (de) | 2014-07-31 | 2023-10-05 | Purem GmbH | Injektionseinrichtung und zugehöriges Herstellungsverfahren |
US9422857B2 (en) | 2014-12-17 | 2016-08-23 | Caterpillar Inc. | Exhaust nozzle tip device and system |
CN104405488B (zh) * | 2014-12-22 | 2017-01-04 | 溧阳市超强链条制造有限公司 | 一种s495型柴油机排气管结构 |
US9719402B2 (en) | 2015-09-18 | 2017-08-01 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Exhaust runner collar |
FR3058460B1 (fr) * | 2016-11-08 | 2018-11-09 | Safran Aircraft Engines | Ensemble de raccordement pour le refroidissement d'une turbine de turbomachine |
CN116291837A (zh) | 2018-05-15 | 2023-06-23 | 康明斯公司 | 双壁集成凸缘接头 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS514409A (en) * | 1974-06-28 | 1976-01-14 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | Saamaruriakuta |
GB1526963A (en) * | 1974-11-26 | 1978-10-04 | Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd | Exhaust systems for internal combustion engines |
JPS5247124A (en) * | 1975-10-13 | 1977-04-14 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Htemal reactor of engine for automobile |
US4151716A (en) * | 1976-06-05 | 1979-05-01 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust manifold system for internal combustion engine |
US4644747A (en) * | 1986-02-10 | 1987-02-24 | General Motors Corporation | Low-stress shielded exhaust passage assemblies |
DE4107539C2 (de) * | 1991-03-08 | 1996-11-28 | Audi Ag | Wärmegedämmtes Rohr |
JPH04284119A (ja) * | 1991-03-12 | 1992-10-08 | Calsonic Corp | 排気マニホールド |
DE4216090A1 (de) * | 1992-05-15 | 1993-11-18 | Bischoff Erhardt Gmbh Co Kg | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Abgasrohrs und Abgasrohr |
-
1993
- 1993-11-12 US US08/151,556 patent/US5349817A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-08-04 DE DE69410399T patent/DE69410399T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-08-04 ES ES94305781T patent/ES2117761T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-08-04 AT AT94305781T patent/ATE166429T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-08-04 EP EP94305781A patent/EP0653552B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-13 JP JP6243432A patent/JP2736508B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69410399D1 (de) | 1998-06-25 |
JPH07180548A (ja) | 1995-07-18 |
EP0653552B1 (en) | 1998-05-20 |
DE69410399T2 (de) | 1999-06-17 |
US5349817A (en) | 1994-09-27 |
ATE166429T1 (de) | 1998-06-15 |
EP0653552A1 (en) | 1995-05-17 |
JP2736508B2 (ja) | 1998-04-02 |
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Legal Events
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---|---|---|---|
FG2A | Definitive protection |
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