ES2082514T3 - Derivados de acidos dimeros fluoroalifaticos y su uso. - Google Patents

Derivados de acidos dimeros fluoroalifaticos y su uso.

Info

Publication number
ES2082514T3
ES2082514T3 ES92921491T ES92921491T ES2082514T3 ES 2082514 T3 ES2082514 T3 ES 2082514T3 ES 92921491 T ES92921491 T ES 92921491T ES 92921491 T ES92921491 T ES 92921491T ES 2082514 T3 ES2082514 T3 ES 2082514T3
Authority
ES
Spain
Prior art keywords
fluoroalifatic
derivatives
fluorochemical
dimeric acids
golden
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
ES92921491T
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Dirk M Coppens
Richard J Grant
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
3M Co
Original Assignee
Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co filed Critical Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of ES2082514T3 publication Critical patent/ES2082514T3/es
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C311/00—Amides of sulfonic acids, i.e. compounds having singly-bound oxygen atoms of sulfo groups replaced by nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
    • C07C311/01—Sulfonamides having sulfur atoms of sulfonamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C311/02—Sulfonamides having sulfur atoms of sulfonamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
    • C07C311/09—Sulfonamides having sulfur atoms of sulfonamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being further substituted by at least two halogen atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
    • C04B41/466—Halogenated compounds, e.g. perfluor-compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
    • C04B41/48—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B41/4838—Halogenated polymers
    • C04B41/4842—Fluorine-containing polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
    • C04B41/48—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B41/4838—Halogenated polymers
    • C04B41/4842—Fluorine-containing polymers
    • C04B41/4846—Perfluoro-compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
    • C14C9/00—Impregnating leather for preserving, waterproofing, making resistant to heat or similar purposes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/16—Sizing or water-repelling agents
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24438—Artificial wood or leather grain surface
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31971—Of carbohydrate
    • Y10T428/31993—Of paper
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/4935—Impregnated naturally solid product [e.g., leather, stone, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2164—Coating or impregnation specified as water repellent
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2164—Coating or impregnation specified as water repellent
    • Y10T442/2189—Fluorocarbon containing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2221—Coating or impregnation is specified as water proof
    • Y10T442/2238—Fluorocarbon containing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2262—Coating or impregnation is oil repellent but not oil or stain release
    • Y10T442/227—Fluorocarbon containing

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Materials Applied To Surfaces To Minimize Adherence Of Mist Or Water (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

ESTA INVENCION SE REFIERE A COMPOSICIONES FLUOROQUIMICAS, SU PREPARACION Y SU USO CON REPELENTES AGUA EN ACEITE, Y SUSTRATO TRATADOS CON ELLAS. LA COMPOSICION FLUOROQUIMICA COMPRENDE UNA MEZCLA DE COMPUESTOS FLUOROQUIMICOS Y/O POLIMEROS, TENIENDO CADA COMPONENTE AL MENOS DOS GRUPOS FLUOROALIFATICOS Y UNA GRAN UNIDAD DE HIDROCARBONO TALES COMO DERIVADOS DE ACIDOS DIMERICO Y TENIENDO EL POLIMERO AL MENOS UN GRUPO FLUOROALIFATICO Y UNA PLURALIDAD DE DICHA UNIDA DE HIDROCARBONO.
ES92921491T 1991-11-12 1992-09-30 Derivados de acidos dimeros fluoroalifaticos y su uso. Expired - Lifetime ES2082514T3 (es)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US79148091A 1991-11-12 1991-11-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
ES2082514T3 true ES2082514T3 (es) 1996-03-16

Family

ID=25153869

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
ES92921491T Expired - Lifetime ES2082514T3 (es) 1991-11-12 1992-09-30 Derivados de acidos dimeros fluoroalifaticos y su uso.

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US6171983B1 (es)
EP (1) EP0613462B1 (es)
JP (1) JP3333511B2 (es)
KR (1) KR100245582B1 (es)
CN (1) CN1053210C (es)
AU (1) AU659229B2 (es)
BR (1) BR9206741A (es)
CA (1) CA2121494A1 (es)
DE (1) DE69207779T2 (es)
ES (1) ES2082514T3 (es)
MX (1) MX9206285A (es)
MY (1) MY109434A (es)
NZ (1) NZ244709A (es)
WO (1) WO1993010085A1 (es)

Families Citing this family (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0841405B1 (en) 1996-11-07 1999-12-29 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Use of amphilic copolymers containing a fluorinated monomer to impart waterproofness to leather
US6294103B1 (en) 1996-11-07 2001-09-25 3M Innovative Properties Company Use of amphiphilic copolymers containing a fluorinated monomer to impart waterproofness to leather
US6127485A (en) * 1997-07-28 2000-10-03 3M Innovative Properties Company High temperature-stable fluorochemicals as hydrophobic and oleophobic additives to synthetic organic polymers
US6605332B2 (en) * 1997-07-29 2003-08-12 3M Innovative Properties Company Unitary polymer substrate having napped surface of frayed end microfibers
US6192520B1 (en) * 1998-01-30 2001-02-27 Safety Components Fabric Technologies, Inc. Water resistant protective garment for fire fighters
US6413918B1 (en) 1998-04-27 2002-07-02 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Non-symmetric, partially fluorinated lubricant additives
US6525127B1 (en) 1999-05-11 2003-02-25 3M Innovative Properties Company Alkylated fluorochemical oligomers and use thereof in the treatment of fibrous substrates
US6592988B1 (en) 1999-12-29 2003-07-15 3M Innovative Properties Company Water-and oil-repellent, antistatic composition
US6541430B1 (en) 2000-03-24 2003-04-01 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Fluorinated lubricant additives
US6924329B2 (en) 2001-11-05 2005-08-02 3M Innovative Properties Company Water- and oil-repellent, antistatic compositions
US8025973B2 (en) * 2005-07-22 2011-09-27 Internatonal Paper Company Paper substrate containing a fluorine containing compound and having enhanced grease-resistance and glueability
WO2008000682A1 (en) * 2006-06-27 2008-01-03 Clariant International Ltd Fluorous telomeric compounds and polymers containing same
CN101679229A (zh) * 2007-06-08 2010-03-24 3M创新有限公司 赋予抗水和抗油性的含有全氟烷基部分的酯低聚物
CN105452327B (zh) 2013-07-31 2017-06-06 富士胶片株式会社 复合聚酯组合物、润滑剂组合物、润滑剂及复合聚酯组合物的制造方法
MX2017005336A (es) 2014-10-28 2017-08-15 3M Innovative Properties Co Componentes de un sistema de aplicacion por pulverizacion que comprende una superficie repelente y metodos.
WO2017074708A1 (en) 2015-10-28 2017-05-04 3M Innovative Properties Company Articles subject to ice formation comprising a repellent surface
WO2017074709A1 (en) 2015-10-28 2017-05-04 3M Innovative Properties Company Solvent-based repellent coating compositions and coated substrates
CA3003259A1 (en) 2015-10-28 2017-05-04 3M Innovative Properties Company Spray application system components comprising a repellent surface & methods
WO2017189475A1 (en) 2016-04-26 2017-11-02 3M Innovative Properties Company Articles subject to ice formation comprising a repellent surface comprising a siloxane material

Family Cites Families (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2666797A (en) 1950-05-26 1954-01-19 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Fluorinated alcohols and acetate esters
US2809990A (en) 1955-12-29 1957-10-15 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Fluorocarbon acids and derivatives
US2803656A (en) 1956-01-23 1957-08-20 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Fluorocarbonsulfonamidoalkanols and sulfates thereof
US2951051A (en) 1957-06-26 1960-08-30 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Perfluoro-substituted aliphatic acids and derivatives thereof
US2915554A (en) 1957-07-23 1959-12-01 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Non-ionic surfactant derivatives of perfluoro alkane-sulfonamides
DE1468295A1 (de) 1960-09-02 1969-05-29 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Perfluoralkylgruppen enthaltende Urethane und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
NL268543A (es) 1962-06-22 1900-01-01
US3462296A (en) 1966-07-22 1969-08-19 Du Pont Fluorinated oil- and water-repellent copolymer and process for treating fibrous materials with said copolymer
US3816167A (en) 1971-10-20 1974-06-11 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Stain-releasing textiles of synthetic fibers and process for treating textiles of synthetic fibers
US4024178A (en) 1972-03-06 1977-05-17 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Fluoroaliphatic radical containing carbodiimides
US3923715A (en) 1973-07-26 1975-12-02 Du Pont Aqueous dispersions of perfluoroalkyl esters and vinyl polymers for treating textiles
US4043964A (en) 1973-11-14 1977-08-23 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Carpet treating and treated carpet
US3944527A (en) 1974-07-11 1976-03-16 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Fluoroaliphatic copolymers
US4035506A (en) * 1974-07-26 1977-07-12 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Fluorocarbon dermal protective compositions
US4107055A (en) 1976-12-15 1978-08-15 Allied Chemical Corporation Fabric coating compositions, method and coated fabric having dry soil resist finishes
US4215205A (en) 1977-01-12 1980-07-29 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Fluoroaliphatic radical and carbodiimide containing compositions for fabric treatment
USRE30337E (en) 1978-11-27 1980-07-15 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Textile treatment composition
US4190545A (en) 1979-01-08 1980-02-26 Allied Chemical Corporation Application of fluorocarbon compound to synthetic organic polymer yarn
US4264484A (en) 1979-01-24 1981-04-28 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Carpet treatment
JPS595705B2 (ja) 1979-09-21 1984-02-06 岐セン株式会社 合成繊維製品の耐久性撥水撥油加工法
US4340749A (en) * 1979-12-21 1982-07-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Carpet treatment
US4388372A (en) 1980-05-13 1983-06-14 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Durable antisoiling coatings for textile filaments
US4325857A (en) 1980-05-13 1982-04-20 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Durable antisoling coatings for textile filaments
US4426476A (en) * 1982-02-03 1984-01-17 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Textile treatments
AU582346B2 (en) * 1983-09-13 1989-03-23 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Fluorohydrocarbon sulfonamide compounds and use thereof in treatment of leather, textiles and cellusosic materials
US4539006A (en) * 1983-09-13 1985-09-03 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Leather treatment
EP0213580B1 (de) 1985-08-30 1990-07-18 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Perfluoralkyl- und Epichlorhydrin-Gruppen enthaltende Urethane, diese Urethane enthaltende wässrige Dispersionen und ihre Verwendung
FR2588555B1 (fr) 1985-10-16 1987-12-11 Atochem Monomeres acryliques fluores, polymeres en derivant et leur application au traitement hydrofuge et oleofuge de substrats divers
FR2590895B1 (fr) 1985-12-03 1988-01-15 Atochem Monomeres acryliques fluores, polymeres en derivant et leur application comme agents hydrophobes et oleophobes
DE3622284A1 (de) 1986-07-03 1988-01-07 Hoechst Ag Urethane aus aliphatischen fluoralkoholen, isocyanaten und aromatischen verbindungen, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung
US4898981A (en) 1988-06-20 1990-02-06 Ciba-Geigy Corporation Heteroatom containing perfluoroalkyl terminated neopentyl glycols and compositions therefrom

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NZ244709A (en) 1994-04-27
DE69207779D1 (de) 1996-02-29
AU2771392A (en) 1993-06-15
JP3333511B2 (ja) 2002-10-15
AU659229B2 (en) 1995-05-11
JPH07501838A (ja) 1995-02-23
CN1053210C (zh) 2000-06-07
WO1993010085A1 (en) 1993-05-27
EP0613462B1 (en) 1996-01-17
BR9206741A (pt) 1995-10-31
US6171983B1 (en) 2001-01-09
CA2121494A1 (en) 1993-05-27
MY109434A (en) 1997-01-31
MX9206285A (es) 1993-06-01
CN1072199A (zh) 1993-05-19
DE69207779T2 (de) 1996-05-30
EP0613462A1 (en) 1994-09-07
KR100245582B1 (ko) 2000-02-15

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