ES1067252U - Solid waste crusher (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Crusher of solid waste, such as those generated in the process of transformation of stone and marble, glass and other similar, in order to minimize the volume of them, characterized because under the classical hopper of the material includes a camera defined by an anvil and a tamper, chamber that communicates superiorly with the hopper and that inferiorly determines an exit of crushed material, the tamper being mounted swinging on the frame of the crusher through its lower edge, defining an exit of material width constant, while the width of the aforementioned chamber in the rest of it is variable in amplitude depending on the movement of the rammer, all this in such a way that the crushing of the material is produced by pressure. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Solid waste crusher.

Object of the invention

The present invention relates to a machine which has been specially designed to crush certain types of solid waste, such as those produced in the transformation of stone and marble, into glass and glass, etc., well with a view to reducing the volumetry of such waste, making them more manageable and easy to store, or to facilitate handling and subsequent recycling.

The object of the invention is to achieve a crushing machine that does not generate environmental dirt, that is to say does not pollute, and that also generates very little noise, and this with some optimal functional performance, being able to work without control Continued from an operator.

Background of the invention

In the preferred scope of practical application of the invention, that of the transformation of stone and marble, abundant waste is produced which, due to its variable volumetry and considerable, they normally require grinding to make them more manageable and easy to store.

In this sense machines are known crushers that act on the material by impact, for example based on hammers provided with cutting elements, which act at multi-form mode

This form of crushing of residual material by impact brings the formation of large amounts of dust that generates significant environmental pollution, by dispersing in air suspension and end up depositing on floors and objects, generating a remarkable dirt.

At the same time and of course, this system of impact crushing generates a very considerable noise, with the consequent noise pollution that entails.

They are also frequent in this type of machines jams in the material, which require virtually control continued of them by an operator.

Description of the invention

The solid waste crusher that the proposed invention resolves in a fully satisfactory way the problematic previously exposed, in the different aspects commented.

For this and more specifically the machine that it is recommended to focus its characteristics on the replacement of classic impact crushing system by a system of shredded by pressure, which neither produces dust nor hardly produces noise.

Specifically the crusher incorporates a large capacity waste or waste receiving hopper which discharges said waste through an outlet lower material, structured by combining a sufridera or fixed element to the machine frame, and a tamper tilting on a transverse and inferior axis, so that a once a dose of material has been added to this exit zone, the closure of the tamper on the undercarriage causes pressure crushing of the residual material existing in it.

To get the intended dosage, and particularly to prevent the entry of material into the area of machine work while it is in the phase of crushing, the bottom of the hopper is partially closed, specifically in the sector corresponding to the sufridera, while that in the exit area of the hopper there is a type closure guillotine, associated with the tamper and accompanying the latter in his movement, so that once the load of material in the pressure zone, when the ram is moved, the the closing of the hopper, closing that is maintained as long as said tamper does not recover its initial position of maximum distancing with Regarding the sufridera.

As previously said the tamper is tilted together to the machine frame through a robust transverse and inferior axis, and receives near its limb superior drive of one or more robust cylinders hydraulics, also receiving articulated by its edge superior and free to the aforementioned guillotine, which maintains its horizontality with the collaboration of at least one support side.

The sufridera materializes preferably in a group of plates of appropriate rigidity, stiffened in turn with the collaboration of one or more outdoor posters, while the pisón materializes through a plurality of plates overlapping

According to another of the characteristics of the invention, said tamper, and more specifically the cylinders hydraulic actuators, are mobilized at the expense of an electric motor conveniently mounted on the frame, engine that with the collaboration of a pump pressurizes the oil of a tank that through the corresponding solenoid valves feeds the hydraulic cylinders of the ram.

According to another of the characteristics of the invention, the positioning of the bearing is adjustable, in order to vary at will the effective width of the output of material and, consequently, in order to regulate the size of the material once crushed.

Finally and according to another of the characteristics of the invention, it is provided that before a preset machine pressure in the work phase, plus specifically when this pressure is exceeded, the recoil of the cylinder or the piston drive cylinders, all this through the existence of a limiting valve pressure incorporated into the hydraulic circuit, which avoids definitive way that the material can get stuck.

The considerable capacity of the hopper and the existence of a large empty space in the lower area of the frame, together with the functional characteristics of the machine, suppose for the same a high autonomy of work without the continuous control of an operator.

Description of the drawings

To complement the description that is being performing and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical realization of it, is accompanied as part member of that description, a set of drawings where with illustrative and non-limiting nature, what has been represented next:

Figure 1.- Shows a representation partial, schematic and perspective of a crusher of solid waste made in accordance with the purpose of this invention, in which various exterior components thereof are have represented "transparent" to show with greater Clarity your inner structure.

Figure 2.- Shows a representation schematic side elevation of the crusher in the figure previous, also with its sectioned housing, and where the tamper It appears in the initial phase of work.

Figure 3.- Shows, finally, a representation similar to that of figure 2, but in which the tamper appears in work terminal situation.

Preferred Embodiment of the Invention

In view of the figures outlined you can observe how the crusher that is recommended is constituted to from a frame (1) that conveniently lifts the area of work of the machine with respect to the ground and that in last term supports a hopper (2) of considerable capacity, hopper under which is located a sufridera (3) materialized in a plurality of robust overlapping steel sheets and in noticeably vertical layout, stiffened by means of posters exteriors (4), incorporating in opposition to said sufridera (3) a tamper (5), also structured based on a plurality of steel plates conveniently fixed together, mounted with tilting character through its lower edge on an axis (6), in turn mounted on the frame (1), defining between sufridera (3) and tamper (5) an intermediate space (7) to exit the material from the hopper (2), which in the retraction situation for the hydraulic cylinders (8) acting on the ram (5), converges substantially downward, as look at figure 2, so that smaller waste that the inferior distance between pisón and sufridera fall directly to the lower area (9) of the frame, while those of greater size are retained between said elements filling said chamber (7), at which time it is produced by the Hydraulic cylinder drive (8), throttling of said chamber as shown in figure 3, and the consequent crushing of the material housed therein.

To prevent the fall of materials from the hopper (2) when the approach of the tamper (5) is being produced to the sufridera (3), it is provided that at the upper edge of said tamper (5) and by means of another articulation shaft (10) a guillotine closure (11) that also rests on supports laterals (12) that allow its longitudinal sliding, accompanying this guillotine closure (11) to the tamper (5) in its movements.

The ground material falls, as previously said, to the lower area (9) of the frame (1), where it is feasible the location of a removable capacity collector suitable, in the same way as this lower area of the frame (1), which appears open in Figures 2 and 3, may be closed through fixed plates or practicable doors.

As can be seen from the observation of the figure 3, the larger size of the crushed material is determined by the distancing between the runner (3) and the tamper (5), and to be able regulate this parameter at will, it is expected that the aforementioned sufridera (3) and through its lower base (3 '), you can regulate your position on the frame (1), distancing itself in greater or lesser measure with respect to the tamper (5).

As previously stated, the hydraulic cylinders (8) responsible for operating the ram (5) are fed at the expense of the energy supplied by an engine electric (13) that drives a pump with which the pressure is pressurized existing oil in a tank (14) from which with the contest of suitable hoses or fittings and the interposition of solenoid valves, the aforementioned hydraulic cylinders are fed (8).

Claims (5)

1. Crusher of solid waste, such as those generated in the process of transformation of stone and marble, glass and other similar, in order to minimize the volumetry of the same, characterized in that under the classic receiving hopper of the material incorporates a chamber defined by a grapple and a ram, a chamber that communicates superiorly with the hopper and that inferiorly determines an outlet of crushed material, the ram being pivotally mounted on the frame of the crusher through its lower edge, defining an output of width material constant, while the width of the aforementioned chamber in the rest of it is of variable amplitude depending on the movement of the tamper, all in such a way that the crushing of the material is produced by pressure. 2. Crusher of solid waste, according to claim 1, characterized in that a guillotine closure that joins horizontally in the actuation of the tamper is articulated to the upper edge of the ram, accompanying it in its path and producing the simultaneous closing of the hopper during crushing of the material housed in said chamber. 3. Crusher of solid waste, according to previous claims, characterized in that both the ram and the pavement are constituted by means of two groups or packages of steel plates, which in the case of the pavement adopt a vertical arrangement and are attached to at least one plate horizontal, and stiffened by means of outer cartels, it being provided that said runner is of adjustable positioning, in order to vary its distance from the tamper and, consequently, the maximum size of the crushed material. 4. Crusher of solid waste, according to previous claims, characterized in that the means for actuating the tamper consist of at least one hydraulic cylinder fed through a pressure oil solenoid valve supplied from a tank and through a pump driven by an electric motor . 5. Crusher of solid waste, according to previous claims, characterized in that in its frame a large, empty and accessible lower space is defined for the implantation of a collecting container of the crushed material, this lower area of the frame being able to be closed by fixed plates and doors practicable