ES2380745A1 - Machine for the pre-treatment of rejects of solid urban waste (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Machine for the pre-treatment of rejects of urban solid waste. Specially designed to carry out the pre-treatment of the rejects of the urban solid waste plants, in order to prepare these rejects and convert them into fuel derived from waste, the plant incorporates a press tunnel (1), in the which opens a hopper (4) uppermost and in which plays a piston (5) integrated in a press carriage (8) operable by at least one hydraulic cylinder (7), being established at the end of said pressing tunnel (1), beyond said hopper (4), a cutting head (15) in which lower and fixed blades (18) and upper and moving blades (17) participate, the latter driven by at least one hydraulic cylinder (16), incorporating the pressing tunnel (1), in its terminal sector and close to the cutting head (15), of drainage grooves (12). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Machine for the pre-treatment of urban solid waste rejections.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a machine that has been specially designed to carry out the pre-treatment of rejections of urban solid waste plants, in order to prepare these rejections and convert them into fuel derived from waste.

Thus, the machine that is recommended is destined to be part of a fragmentation rejection plant for biomass, replacing the classic crushing mills.

 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

As has just been said, to date the pre-treatment of urban waste rejections is carried out with the collaboration of crushing mills that, independently of their specific designs, present the following problematic as a common denominator:

  The entry of hard objects, such as steel bars,

stones, etc., causes breakage of the cutting blades.

  The entry of objects of a textile and similar nature, such as carpets, textile bags, etc., causes jamming and stopping of the mills.

A very considerable installed electrical power is required, with the consequent energy consumption also high.

They do not extract moisture from rejections.

Certain parts of the mill are subject to great wear, which is important maintenance.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The machine that the invention proposes solves in a fully satisfactory manner the problems described above, in each and every one of the different aspects mentioned.

For this, and more specifically, this machine is constituted by the functional combination of a press and a shear, so that the pressing of the waste brings with it a double effect, on the one hand a compaction of the same, and on the other a substantial elimination of moisture in them.

More specifically, the compaction press, which receives the waste through an upper hopper, generates with them an adjacent rectangular section prism, which also moves continuously towards the cutting area of the machine, where said prism It is cut by determining sections of predetermined length and adjustable according to the specific requirements of each case.

More specifically under the said hopper, a tunnel is established on which it flows and in which a piston operated by at least one hydraulic cylinder plays, a piston that fulfills its pressing function beyond that hopper, in a sector of the tunnel provided with slots for moisture drainage, said tunnel being finished off in a cutting area where fixed cutting blades and mobile cutting blades are established, the latter powered by at least one hydraulic cylinder, located at the exit of the area of cut a safety curtain, tilting, which prevents manual access to the cutting area.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention, in accordance with a preferred example of practical realization thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description. For illustrative purposes and not limitation, the following has been represented:

Figure 1 shows a schematic and general perspective representation of a machine for the pre-treatment of urban solid waste rejections object of the present invention.

Figure 2.- Shows a plan view of the machine of the previous figure.

Figure 3.- Shows a view in side elevation and in longitudinal section of the machine.

Figure 4.- It shows, finally, an enlarged detail of figure 1, at the level of the cutting area of the machine and where the safety curtain has been removed to show more clearly its interior structure.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

In view of the resected figures, it can be seen how the machine that the invention proposes is constituted from a tunnel (1) preferably of rectangular section, which adopts a horizontal arrangement and that rests on the ground or any supporting surface through legs (2), properly distributed.

This tunnel (1), opened at both ends, also has an upper opening (3) through which a hopper (4) flows into it, on which rejections of solid urban waste are deposited, for example with the collaboration of a conveyor of metal slats, not shown.

In the tunnel (1) a piston (5) plays in solidarity with the rod (6) of a hydraulic cylinder (7), a piston that is integrated in a pressing carriage (8), sliding along the tunnel (1) from a position before the hopper (4), the one shown in figure 3, to a position in which said hopper exceeds.

The piston (5) is provided with a blade (�) that moves with it, whose obvious purpose is to section the mass of waste at the level of the mouth (3) of communication with the hopper, collaborating with said mobile blade (� ) a fixed blade (10) located on a cutting bridge (11) established next to the hopper (4).

The terminal sector of the tunnel (1) is provided with lateral grooves (12) for drainage of moisture from which the waste can be carriers, and said tunnel is finished off in fixed jaws (13) actuated by a cylinder (14), whose The purpose is to immobilize the waste block during its cutting phase.

Said cutting phase is carried out with the collaboration of a cutting head (15), which in the practical example chosen is provided with a pair of cutting cylinders (16), with respective mobile blades (17) mounted on rods of said cylinders (16), blades (17) with which other fixed blades (18) established on the underside of said cutting head (15) collaborate.

It only remains to state finally that in the exit area of the cut material, the head (15) incorporates a safety curtain (1�), tilting through its upper edge (20), so that said curtain permanently tends to the closing situation, due to the effect of gravity, preventing access to the cutting area, and consequently avoiding risks of accidents.

Claims (2)

1�.-Machine for the pre-treatment of urban solid waste rejections, for use in fragmentation plants of said rejections for their subsequent conversion into waste-derived fuel, characterized in that it incorporates a pressing tunnel (1), in the that a hopper (4) ends superiorly and in which a piston (5) integrated in a pressing carriage (8) can be operated by at least one hydraulic cylinder (7), being established at the end of said pressing tunnel (1), beyond said hopper (4), a cutting head (15) in which lower and fixed blades (18) and upper and mobile blades (17) participate, the latter driven by at least one hydraulic cylinder (16), incorporating the pressing tunnel (1), in its terminal sector and next to the cutting head (15), of drainage slots (12). 2�.-Machine for the pre-treatment of urban solid waste rejections, according to claim 1, characterized in that the tunnel (1) is of rectangular section, presenting the piston (5) associated with the pressing carriage (8) a blade (�) in correspondence with its upper edge, of which another fixed blade (10) established immediately after the hopper discharge opening (3), specifically integrated in a cutting bridge (11), is complementary ) in solidarity with the upper wall of the tunnel (1). 3�.-Machine for the pre-treatment of urban solid waste rejections, according to previous claims, characterized in that in the terminal area of the pressing tunnel, immediately before the cutting head (15), it incorporates driven side jaws (13) by cylinders (14). SPANISH PATENTS AND BRANDS OFFICE Application No.: 200931299 SPAIN Date of submission of the application: 30.12.2009 Priority Date: REPORT ON THE STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE 51 Int. Cl.: B30B9 / 06 (2006.01) RELEVANT DOCUMENTS

Category

56 Documents cited Claims Affected

A A A

US 6745679 B2 (NAKAMURA et alii) 06/08/2004, the whole document. EP 445696 A2 (CAPPELLARI et alii) 11/09/1991, the whole document. US 5026208 A (BEYER et alii) 06/25/1991, the entire document. 1-3 1-3 1-3

Category of the documents cited X: of particular relevance Y: of particular relevance combined with other / s of the same category A: reflects the state of the technique O: referred to unwritten disclosure P: published between the priority date and the submission of the application E: previous document, but published after the date of submission of the application

This report has been prepared • for all claims • for claims no:

Date of realization of the report 30.04.2012

Examiner Manuel Fluvià RodrÃguez Page 1/4

REPORT OF THE STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE Application number: 200931299 Minimum documentation sought (classification system followed by classification symbols) B30B Electronic databases consulted during the search (database name and, if possible, terms of search used) INVENES, EPODOC, WPI State of the Art Report Page 2/4  WRITTEN OPINION Application number: 200931299 Date of Written Opinion: 30.04.2012 Statement Novelty (Art. 6.1 LP 11/1986) Claims 1-3 YES Claims NO Inventive activity (Art. 8.1 LP11 / 1986) Claims 1-3 YES Claims NO  Opinion Base.- This opinion has been made on the basis of the patent application as published. State of the Art Report Page 3/4  WRITTEN OPINION Application number: 200931299 1. Documents considered.- Below are the documents pertaining to the state of the art taken into consideration for the realization of this opinion.

Document

Publication or Identification Number Publication Date

D01

US 6745679 B2 (NAKAMURA et alii) 06.08.2004

D02

EP 445696 A2 (CAPPELLARI et alii) 11.09.1991

D03

US 5026208 A (BEYER et alii) 06.25.1991

2. Statement motivated according to articles 29.6 and 29.7 of the Regulation of execution of Law 11/1986, of March 20, on Patents on novelty and inventive activity; quotes and explanations in support of this statement NOTE: Patent Law, article 4.1: New inventions are patentable, which involve inventive activity and are capable of industrial application, .... Patent Law, article 6.1. An invention is considered to be new when it is not included in the state of the art. Patent Law, Article 8.1. An invention is considered to involve an inventive activity if it does not result from the state of the art in an obvious manner to one skilled in the art. Patent Regulations Article 29.6. The report on the state of the art will include a written opinion, preliminary and without obligation, as to whether the invention object of the patent application apparently meets the patentability requirements established in the Law, and in particular, with reference to The search results, if the invention can be considered new, implies inventive activity and is capable of industrial application. (Royal Decree 1431/2008, of August 29, BOE No. 223 of September 15, 2008,) The technical characteristics claimed in the application are grouped into three claims, on whose novelty, inventive activity and industrial application will be expressed. The claims focus on the technical object of the state of the art, basically in a drying machine for solid urban waste to form bullets in replacement of grinding mills, with special configuration of cutting, leaching and evacuation tools with gagged, to avoid jams and breakage by hard objects. Contains hydraulic cylinder and adequate arrangement of the blade set for it. According to the content of the application and especially of its claims, the invention seems to be susceptible of industrial application since, since its object is an RSU method of energy use, it can be used in the energy industry ( the expression "industry" understood in its broadest sense, as in the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property). It is considered preliminary and without obligation that documents D01 to D03 reveal the state of the technique, published before the priority date of the patent application, closer to the technical field of MSW treatment. The application describing special disposition characteristics of the collecting, pressing, and cutting and gripping elements of the bullet, and especially its claims, have technical characteristics of action on the waste (packaging and leaching), so other than the state of the technique on the priority date, not being apparently included in the state of the technique reported here (patent law article 6) nor are they apparently apparent to an expert in the field (law of patents, article 8) regarding said state of the art. Specifically, D01 before the priority date, described a briquette forming press with refrigeration (summary) with hopper reception and hydraulic actuation (figure 8) in which the reduction of grain size and filtering or leaching It is carried out before pressing (Figure 1A) and not inside the press, which lacks cutting tools in the press, and that is what makes the object of the patent application not included in D01. D02 before the priority date, described a process of compacting waste materials using rollers (instead of hydraulic cylinders) and in two phases with liquid extraction, briquette heating and subsequent cooling before discharge ( summary), but without cutting tools for particle size reduction which together with the rollers, makes the object of the patent application not included in D02. And D03 before the priority date, described a method of obtaining blocks or plates of waste material for storage in landfill (summary), with various phases of mixing by origin and with humidity control (5), independent crushing ( 6) and pressing (7) with extraction and storage (8 to 13), but without being integrated in the same machine of the application, which means that the object of the patent application is not included in D03. All the documents obviate the claimed essentiality of special arrangement of the cutting elements inside the press, leachate openings and securing the exit bullet. Therefore, and being the application susceptible of industrial application in the energy industry, preliminary and without obligation, the invention can be considered new and may involve inventive activity (Patent Regulations, Article 29.6). State of the Art Report Page 4/4