EP4558550A1 - Wärmeleitfähiger kunststoff - Google Patents
Wärmeleitfähiger kunststoffInfo
- Publication number
- EP4558550A1 EP4558550A1 EP22757502.4A EP22757502A EP4558550A1 EP 4558550 A1 EP4558550 A1 EP 4558550A1 EP 22757502 A EP22757502 A EP 22757502A EP 4558550 A1 EP4558550 A1 EP 4558550A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- thermally conductive
- plastic composition
- silicon particles
- conductive plastic
- particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/08—Metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/08—Materials not undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/14—Solid materials, e.g. powdery or granular
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/001—Conductive additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/005—Additives being defined by their particle size in general
Definitions
- the subject of the present invention is a thermally conductive plastic, its production and use.
- Thermally conductive plastics are widely used for thermal management in the automotive and electronics industries.
- Important dosage forms include, for example, thermally conductive adhesives, thermal pads, gap fillers, potting compounds and pastes.
- Plastics typically show low thermal conductivity. Typical thermal conductivities of plastics are in the range of around 0.2 to 0.3 W/mK.
- thermally conductive fillers such as carbon anotubes, boron nitride and aluminum nitride
- thermally conductive plastic compositions that contain silicon particles as thermally conductive filler. These are comparatively light and inexpensive.
- silicon has an extremely low electrical conductivity.
- the silicon particles according to the prior art are not suitable for use in electric vehicles and electronic components.
- the Si particles used in the prior art are usually obtained via grinding processes.
- the disadvantage is that such particles have a large surface area and bind a lot of polymer. This increases the viscosity of the plastic composition significantly. Only mixtures with comparatively low filling levels and low thermal conductivity can be produced. At higher filling levels, the composition becomes very stiff and can no longer be processed using classic processes such as dispensers. It has also been shown that plastic compositions containing ground silicon particles are comparatively highly combustible.
- silicon particles smaller than 30 ⁇ m are disadvantageous because such small particles have a comparatively low minimum ignition energy and are therefore dangerous for dust explosions and require complex and cost-intensive safety precautions in operational processing.
- JP2019131669A2 teaches the use of 0.1 - 200 ⁇ m metallic Si particles with an electrically insulating coating as thermally conductive fillers for silicone-free organic resins.
- the particles can be produced via thermal decomposition, melting or grinding processes, or can arise from polishing or grinding processes.
- the particles are provided with an electrically insulating coating in a separate process step.
- the disadvantage is the use of ground particles, which are comparatively highly flammable.
- the disclosed vulcanizates are not elastic and therefore not suitable for use as gap fillers in lithium-ion batteries.
- CN106753140A claims epoxy resins containing two fractions of spherical silicon particles of 20 and 27 ⁇ m in size, respectively.
- JP2013221124A2 claims polyarylene sulfide resins containing silicon particles larger than 1 ⁇ m and of any shape and production.
- the example uses 6 or 17 ⁇ m large and irregularly shaped silicon particles.
- Preferred size range is 1 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the form is not further specified. In the example, a 2.5 ⁇ m silicon particle is used.
- Silicones are not desirable in many applications because they can release volatile polydimethylsiloxanes, which can impair the adhesion of components or paints.
- the object of the present invention was therefore to provide non-silicone-based and therefore polydimethylsiloxane-free plastic compositions which do not exhibit the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, and which Combine properties of low density, low cost and high thermal conductivity.
- thermally conductive plastic compositions (Y) according to the invention which contain comparatively large Si particles with an average particle size of 30 to 200 ⁇ m, with a predominantly rounded shape, and which at the same time have a particularly large or wide particle distribution width.
- thermally conductive plastic compositions (Y) according to the invention have a significantly reduced flammability.
- Si particles with a “predominantly round” shape are those that have a spherical to oval shape with smooth surfaces. They could also be described as potato-shaped.
- Figure 1 shows an example of the one according to the invention predominantly round shape of these Si particles.
- the Si particles according to the invention have a width/length ratio (aspect ratio b/1) of at least 0.76.
- Si particle shapes not according to the invention, whose width/length Ratio (aspect ratio b/1) is less than 0.76 Figure 2 shows “spatty” particles, Figure 3 shows “nodular” particles and Figure 4 shows “edged” and “pointed” particles aware that there is a wide transition range between the different particle shapes.
- Metallic Si particles according to the invention have a width/length ratio (aspect ratio b/1) of at least 0.76 and are preferably essentially neither angular nor pointed, Preferably they are essentially neither stubby, nodular nor angular or pointed. This means that they contain such particles but to the extent of contaminating them can contain without their effect according to the invention being disturbed.
- the subject of the present invention is a thermally conductive plastic composition (Y).
- thermally conductive filler (Z) with a thermal conductivity of at least 5 W/mK, with the proviso that the thermally conductive plastic compositions (Y) have a thermal conductivity of at least 0.6 W /mK, and that at least 20% by volume of metallic silicon particles are contained as thermally conductive fillers (Z), which meet the following characteristics: a) their average diameter x50 is in the range 30-200 ⁇ m; b) they are predominantly rounded and are characterized by the width/length ratio (aspect ratio b/1) being at least 0.76; c) their distribution width SPAN ((x90-x10)/x50) is at least 0.28,
- the plastic compositions according to the invention preferably also fulfill feature d) and contain at most
- thermally conductive thermally conductive or thermally conductive are synonymous.
- thermally conductive fillers (Z) are understood to mean all fillers with a thermal conductivity of at least 5 W/mK.
- thermally conductive plastic compositions are those plastic compositions which significantly exceed the thermal conductivity of a filler- and additive-free plastic, typically about 0.2 to 0.3 W/mK, characterized in that they have a thermal conductivity of at least 0.6 W/mK.
- all parameters that describe the particle size refer to a volume-related distribution.
- the parameters mentioned can be determined, for example, using dynamic image analysis in accordance with ISO 13322-2 and ISO 9276-6, for example with a Camsizer X2 from Retsch Technology.
- the width of the particle size distribution weighted with the average particle size x50 is used, the dimensionless distribution width SPAN (span), which is defined as:
- SPAN (x90 - x10) / x50.
- the aspect ratio serves as a key figure to describe the particle shape.
- the aspect ratio is often described by the ratio of length to width (1/b). This results in values greater than or equal to 1.
- the aspect ratio is calculated from the inverse ratio of width to length (b/1). This results in values less than or equal to 1. Both key figures can be converted into one another by forming the reciprocal value.
- the aspect ratio is defined as the ratio of the width to the length (b/1) of the particle.
- the sphericity SPHT is calculated from the projection area A of the measured particle in relation to the area of a circle with the same circumference P of the projected particle according to the following formula (more detailed information can be found, for example, in “Operating Instructions / Manual Particle Size analysis System CAMSIZER®”, Retsch Technology GmbH, 42781 Haan; Doc. No.
- the characteristic value SPHT corresponds to the square of the circularity C according to ISO 9276-6.
- thermoplastic polymers are e.g. B. polyolefins, such as polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene, polyamides, polyimides, polyesters, polyether esters, polyphenylene ethers, polyacetal, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl acetal, polycarbonate, polyacrylate, acrylonitrile.
- polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene, polyamides, polyimides, polyesters, polyether esters, polyphenylene ethers, polyacetal, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl acetal, polycarbonate, polyacrylate, acrylonitrile.
- ABS butadiene-styrene
- ASA acrylonitrile-styrene-acryl ester
- SAN styrene-acrylonitrile
- SMPs silane-modified polymers
- Suitable thermoset polymers are, for example: E.g. phenolic resin, thermoset polyurethane, melamine resins, polyester and epoxy resin, acrylic resin.
- Suitable elastomers are e.g. B. Styrene-butadiene rubber
- SBR nitrile rubber
- NBR nitrile rubber
- CR chloroprene rubber
- FKM fluoropolymer rubber
- BR butadiene rubber
- EPDM ethylene-propylene-diene rubber
- SMPs silane-modified polymers
- polyacrylate Elastomer polyurthane.
- Copolymers include variants in which prepolymers or monomers of different chemical skeletons are polymerized together. Suitable examples are ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA, VAE). Mixtures of more than two substances, also referred to as terpolymers, are also suitable.
- EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
- VAE ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
- Preferred plastics are selected from polyurethane, polyacrylate, epoxy resins, acrylic resins, polyurea, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA, VAE), silane-modified polymers (SMPs), polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene.
- Particularly preferred plastics are polyurethane, polyacrylate, epoxy resins, acrylic resins and silane-modified polymers (SMPs).
- the plastic composition (S) according to the invention can contain further additives and additives. These are known to those skilled in the art and are described in the prior art. Examples of further additives are processing aids, stabilizers, flame retardants, fungicides, fragrances, active or inactive fillers, plasticizers, flame-repellent agents, agents for influencing the electrical properties, dispersing aids, Solvents, pigments, impact modifiers, heat stabilizers, dyes, island silicates, adhesion promoters.
- the addition-crosslinking plastic composition (S) according to the invention can contain alkyl-trialkoxysilanes (F) as further additives in order to reduce their viscosity. If they are included, then preferably 0.1-8% by weight, preferably 0.2-6% by weight, based on the total mass of plastic composition (S), where the alkyl group is a saturated or unsaturated - tigated, linear or branched alkyl group with 2 to 20, preferably with 8-18 carbon atoms, and the alkoxy groups can have 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- the alkoxy groups include methoxy groups, ethoxy groups, propoxy groups and butoxy groups, with methoxy groups and ethoxy groups being particularly preferred.
- (F) is n-octyltrimethoxysilane, n-dodecyltrimethoxysilane, n-hexadecyltrimethoxysilane and n-octadecyltrimethoxysilane.
- the thermally conductive plastic composition (Y) according to the invention contains at least one thermally conductive filler (Z) with a thermal conductivity of at least 5 W/mK, with the proviso that the thermally conductive plastic compositions (Y) according to the invention contain at least 20% by volume of metallic silicon particles as thermally conductive fillers (Z), which must at least fulfill the further special features a) to c), and the total amount of thermally conductive fillers (Z) is at least 50% by volume.
- the average diameter x50 of these metallic silicon particles (Z) according to the invention is in the range 30 - 200 ⁇ m, preferably in the range 35 - 180 ⁇ m, preferably in the range 40 - 160 ⁇ m.
- the metallic silicon particles (Z) according to the invention are predominantly round and are preferably produced using a melting process.
- the predominantly round shape of the particles according to the invention is characterized in that the width/length ratio (aspect ratio b/1) is at least 0.76, preferably at least 0.77, preferably at least 0.78, in particular at least 0.79 amounts.
- the silicon particles (Z) according to the invention preferably have a sphericity value SPHT of at least 0.77, preferably at least 0.78, particularly preferably at least 0.79.
- the silicon particles (Z) according to the invention have an aspect ratio of at least 0.76 and at the same time a sphericity value SPHT of at least 0.77, preferably at least 0.78, particularly preferably at least 0.79.
- the SPAN of the metallic silicon particles (Z) according to the invention is at least 0.28, preferably at least 0.30, particularly preferably at least 0.35, particularly preferably at least 0.38.
- the SPAN is between 0.40 and 2.5, preferably between 0.41 and 2.2, in particular between 0.5 and 2.0.
- inventive silicon particles (Z) is achieved. If two or more fractions of silicon particles are mixed, this can be done before mixing with one or more components of the composition according to the invention, or the fractions of silicon particles can also be mixed separately from one another with one or more components of the composition according to the invention. The order of addition does not matter.
- a maximum of four fractions of silicon particles are mixed and so the distribution width according to the invention is achieved, preferably a maximum of three fractions of silicon particles are mixed and so the distribution width according to the invention is achieved, particularly preferably a maximum of two fractions of silicon particles according to the invention are used and thus the distribution width according to the invention is achieved, particularly preferably only a single silicon powder according to the invention is used.
- the silicon particles (Z) also fulfill the following feature d): d)
- the inventive silicon particles (Z) preferably contain at most 1.5% by weight of silicon particles smaller than 2 ⁇ m, preferably at most 1 % by weight, particularly preferably at most 0.5% by weight, in each case based on the total amount of silicon particles (Z).
- Particularly preferred silicon particles (Z) are essentially free of particle fractions smaller than 2 ⁇ m. Essentially free of means that the presence of such particles is tolerated to the extent of “contamination” of the particles (Z) according to the invention and does not interfere with their effect according to the invention.
- the silicon particles (Z) according to the invention preferably contain less than 20% by weight, preferably less than 15% by weight, particularly preferably less than 10% by weight of a particle fraction with a diameter of less than or equal to 20 ⁇ m each - because based on the total amount of silicon particles.
- the silicon particles (Z) according to the invention preferably contain less than 15% by weight, preferably less than 10% by weight, particularly preferably less than 5% by weight of a particle fraction with a diameter of less than or equal to 10 ⁇ m in each case. drew on the total amount of silicon particles.
- no silicon particles smaller than or equal to 15 ⁇ m are added.
- the comparatively large and essentially round silicon particles according to the invention which simultaneously fulfill the features a) - c), have the advantage that plastic compositions according to the invention can be produced with a higher degree of filling and higher thermal conductivity, which have good processability and comparatively lower combustibility.
- Metallic silicon has several very advantageous properties for use as a thermally conductive filler (Z).
- the exceptionally high thermal conductivity of silicon particles (Z) improves the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive plastic composition (Y) made from them.
- the low density of the silicon particles (Z) reduces the weight of the composition and the components made from it and helps to save costs.
- the low electrical conductivity enables the production of electrically insulating components and improves the electrical dielectric strength.
- the low Mohs hardness of the silicon particles (Z) reduces abrasion during processing. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that the advantages mentioned are lost in whole or in part as the purity of the silicon decreases.
- the purity of the silicon particles (Z) according to the invention and thus the silicon content is at least 80%, preferably at least 90%, particularly preferably at least 95%.
- compositions that contain very small silicon particles below 30 ⁇ m are comparatively highly combustible. Larger silicon particles with an average particle size of over 30 ⁇ m have a comparatively high minimum ignition energy and are therefore easier and safer to process in operational processes. Nevertheless, compositions that contain ground, angular silicon particles larger than 30 ⁇ m that are not according to the invention have proven to be comparatively highly combustible.
- Silicon particles with an average particle size of over 200 ⁇ m are not suitable for many applications of thermally conductive plastic compositions, since such large-grain silicon particles often do not fit into the fine gaps that have to be filled with gap filler, for example. Furthermore, it turns out that such large-grain silicon particles also exhibit a comparatively high level of combustibility.
- compositions disclosed contain only very small spherical silicon particles with an average particle size of less than 30 ⁇ m, the disadvantages of which are described.
- the thermally conductive plastic compositions (Y) according to the invention are thermally conductive and at the same time flame-retardant when they contain metallic silicon particles according to the invention, which at the same time fulfill the features a) to c), in the required manner Minimum quantities included.
- the plastic composition (Y) according to the invention contains at least 20% by volume of such metallic silicon particles (Z), preferably at least 25% by volume, preferably at least 30% by volume, particularly preferably at least 35% by volume. If the plastic composition (Y) contains smaller amounts of metallic silicon particles (Z), the desired advantageous effects of metallic silicon, for example low density and high thermal conductivity, are no longer sufficiently present.
- the silicon particles (Z) according to the invention are preferably produced from a molten state, as a result of which they have a comparatively smooth surface and are essentially free of breaks, sharp edges and pointed corners. This makes them different from conventional ground particles, which were brought into their final form by breaking, grinding or grinding, for example. It is irrelevant whether the particles are comminuted cold in a first process step, for example by grinding, and then brought into a molten form by heating above the melting point, for example by heat treatment in a hot zone, for example by means of a plasma, or whether a silicon melt is first produced and then comminuted, for example by sputtering.
- the silicon particles according to the invention are preferably brought into their solid particle form according to the invention by spraying or sputtering, also called atomization, of a silicon melt and subsequent cooling.
- Suitable processes for producing the silicon particles (Z) according to the invention are known to those skilled in the art and are for example described in Chapter 2.2 in "Powder Metallurgy: Technologies and Materials, Schatt, Werner, Wieters, Klaus-Peter, Kieback, Bernd, pp. 5-48, ISBN 978-3-540-681112-0, e-book: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68112-0_2”.
- Preferred processes for producing the silicon particles (Z) according to the invention are inert gas atomization, also called gas atomization, pressurized water atomization, also called liquid atomization or water atomization process, or melt centrifugal atomization process, also called centrifugal atomization or rotary atomization.
- the methods described allow the production of metallic silicon particles in a very different particle size range, in particular in the average particle size range of a few micrometers to a few millimeters.
- the metallic silicon particles can be produced in very different grain shapes, for example "spatchy", that is, very irregular, ellipsoid or spherical, and with a very variable width of the particle size distribution.
- spatchy that is, very irregular, ellipsoid or spherical
- the production process of the metallic silicon particles (Z) according to the invention is to be carried out in such a way that the particles are obtained in their predominantly rounded shape according to the invention and thus fulfill the features a) - c) and are essentially free of angular or pointed particles.
- the manufacturing process for the metallic silicon particles (Z) according to the invention is preferably carried out in such a way that the particles are obtained in their predominantly rounded shape according to the invention and thus fulfill the features a) - c) and are essentially free of spattery, nodular, angular or pointed particles.
- the solidified particles can be separated according to size in a subsequent process step according to common methods, for example by means of classification by sieving or by means of sifting.
- agglomerates and stuck particles can be separated, but essentially no particles are destroyed.
- Predominantly roundish or essentially free of means that the presence of such particles is tolerated to the extent of “contamination” of the particles (Z) according to the invention and does not interfere with their effect according to the invention.
- the plastic composition (Y) according to the invention can contain further thermally conductive fillers (Z) with thermal conductivity greater than 5 W/mK.
- further thermally conductive fillers (Z) are magnesium oxide, metallic aluminum powder, metallic silver powder, zinc oxide, boron nitride, silicon carbide, aluminum nitride, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum oxide, graphite, etc.
- Preferred further fillers are aluminum powder, magnesium oxide, aluminum hydroxide, zinc oxide and aluminum oxide.
- Particularly preferred further thermally conductive fillers (Z) are zinc oxide, aluminum hydroxide and aluminum oxide.
- the shape of the additional filler is fundamentally not restricted.
- the particles can, for example, be spherical, ellipsoidal, needle-shaped, tubular, platelet-shaped, fibrous or irregularly shaped. They are preferably spherical, ellipsoid or irregularly shaped.
- the average diameter of the further thermally conductive fillers (Z) is preferably in the range 0.01 - 200 ⁇ m, preferably in the range 0.1 - 150 ⁇ m, particularly preferably in the range 0.2 - 120 ⁇ m, in particular in the range 0.4 - 80 microns. Fillers with very high densities are disadvantageous in use, for example in aircraft and electric vehicles, because they greatly increase the weight of the components.
- the further thermally conductive fillers (Z) preferably have a density of at most 6.0 g/cm 3 , preferably at most 4.5 g/cm 3 , particularly preferably at most 3.0 g/cm 3 .
- the plastic composition (Y) according to the invention preferably contains at most 24% by weight, preferably at most 20% by weight, particularly preferably at most 16% by weight, particularly preferably at most 12% by weight of a further thermally conductive filler (Z). a density of greater than 5.0 g/cm 3 .
- the plastic composition (Y) according to the invention preferably contains exclusively thermally conductive fillers (Z) whose specific resistance is at least 1 ⁇ • mm 2 /m.
- Preferred thermally conductive plastic compositions (Y) according to the invention contain, as thermally conductive filler (Z), the metallic silicon particles according to the invention as the sole thermally conductive filler (Z) or in combination with up to three further thermally conductive fillers (Z). Impurities of up to 5% is not considered an additional filler (Z).
- the total amount of thermally conductive fillers (Z) in the thermally conductive plastic composition (Y) according to the invention is 50-95% by volume, preferably 60-90% by volume, preferably 65-88% by volume. If the plastic composition (Y) contains smaller amounts of thermally conductive filler (Z), then there is none If there is sufficient thermal conductivity, the plastic composition (Y) contains larger amounts of thermally conductive filler (Z), then the composition (Y) becomes difficult to process because it becomes highly viscous or even crumbly.
- the thermally conductive plastic compositions (Y) according to the invention have a thermal conductivity of at least 0.6 W/mK, preferably at least 0.8 W/mK, preferably at least 1.2 W/mK, in particular at least 1.5 W/mK.
- the viscosity of the thermally conductive plastic compositions (Y) according to the invention can vary within a very wide range and can be adapted to the requirements of the application.
- the viscosity of the thermally conductive plastic compositions (Y) according to the invention is preferably adjusted via the content of thermally conductive filler (Z) and/or the composition of the plastic composition (S), in accordance with the usual methods from the prior art. These are known to those skilled in the art.
- the viscosity is preferably adjusted via the selection and combination of components (S) and (Z) and the optional addition of additives.
- the density of the thermally conductive plastic compositions (Y) according to the invention is less than 4.5 g/cm 3 , preferably less than 4.0 g/cm 3 , preferably less than 3.5 g/cm 3 , in particular less than 3.3 g/cm 3 cm3 .
- Another subject of the present invention is a process for producing the thermally conductive plastic compositions (Y) according to the invention by mixing the individual components.
- the incorporation of the thermally conductive filler (Z) according to the invention can, for. B. by compounding, via a Masterbatch, via pastes or by direct addition. Additional additives can optionally be added to the plastic composition (S) according to the invention when incorporating the thermally conductive filler (Z) according to the invention. In principle, the components can be added in any order.
- the components can be mixed according to the usual continuous and batch processes known in the art. All known devices are suitable as mixing devices. Examples of this are uniaxial or biaxial continuous mixers, double rollers, Ross mixers, Hobart mixers, dental mixers, extruders, planetary mixers, kneaders and Henschel mixers or similar mixers.
- the preferred processing method generally depends on the polymer material used.
- a further subject of the invention is the use of the thermally conductive filler (Z) to improve the thermal conductivity of plastic compositions (S) selected from non-silicone-based elastomers, thermoplastic, thermoset polymers and copolymers.
- Another subject of the present invention are the plastic products obtained by filling or applying and subsequent crosslinking or hardening.
- the hardened plastic products e.g. a heat-conducting element
- thermoconductive plastic compositions (Y) according to the invention can vary within a very wide range and can be adapted to the requirements of the application. For example, for use as a gap filler preferably comparatively soft and flexible products are used, while, for example, for use as a thermally conductive adhesive, comparatively hard and solid products are preferably used.
- the adjustment of the hardness of the thermoconductive plastic compositions (Y) according to the invention is generally dependent on the polymer material used and is carried out according to the usual methods from the prior art. These are known to those skilled in the art.
- the plastic products according to the invention have a thermal conductivity of at least 0.6 W/mK, preferably at least 0.8 W/mK, preferably at least 1.2 W/mK, in particular at least 1.5 W/mK.
- the thermally conductive plastic composition (Y) is applied to heat generators or heat sinks or they are coated with it, or the already crosslinked or hardened thermally conductive plastic composition (Y) is placed as a molded body, for example as a thermal pad, between the heat generator or heat sink.
- Suitable heat generators can be found in electronic apparatus for power supplies and in electronic devices, such as supply transistors, power modules, transistors, thermocouples and temperature sensors; heat-generating electronic parts, for example integrated circuit parts such as CPUs and batteries.
- heat generators can be found in the automotive industry in the area of lithium-ion batteries Charging infrastructure as well as control devices and sensors.
- Suitable heat sinks include heat-dissipating components such as heat spreaders and heat sinks and cooling fins.
- the thermal conductivity is determined according to ASTM D5470-12 on a TIM tester (Steinbeis Transfer Center for Thermal Management in Electronics, Lindenstr. 13/1, 72141 Walddorfnosslach, Germany).
- the thermal resistance of the sample which is located between 2 test cylinders, is determined by a constant heat flow.
- the effective thermal conductivity is calculated based on the layer thickness of the sample.
- the sample is applied using a template and the measuring cylinders are manually moved together to a thickness of 1.9 - 2.0 mm, and any excess material is then removed.
- the thermal conductivity is measured with a constant gap of 1.8 - 1.6 - 1.4 - 1.2 - 1.0 mm. Evaluation is carried out via an integrated report creation. After a plausibility check (coefficient of determination of the straight line > 0.998), the thermal conductivity lambda is output as the effective thermal conductivity in W/(m*K).
- Table 1 summarizes the properties of the silicon powders according to the invention and those not according to the invention used in the examples.
- Example 1 according to the invention uses a silicon powder according to the invention, which was obtained by means of inert gas atomization and is therefore predominantly round and also has a comparatively broad particle size distribution according to the invention.
- the non-inventive comparative example VI uses a non-inventive silicon powder, which was obtained by means of inert gas atomization and is therefore predominantly round, but has a comparatively narrow, non-inventive particle size distribution and does not fulfill feature c) according to the invention.
- the non-inventive comparative example V2 uses a non-inventive silicon powder which has a comparatively broad particle size distribution, but was obtained by means of a grinding process and is therefore essentially angular and angular and does not fulfill feature b) according to the invention.
- Step 1 Production of a 1-component, curable, thermally conductive plastic composition containing silicon powder.
- the l-component, curable plastic composition and the silicon powder were mixed using a SpeedMixer DAC 400 FVZ (Hauschild & Co KG, Waterkamp 1, 59075 Hamm, Germany) at a speed of 2350 rpm for 25 seconds.
- the plastic composition containing silicon particles was stirred with a spatula and silicon powder residue from the edge of the vessel was mixed in.
- the mixture was then homogenized for a further 25 seconds at 2350 rpm using a SpeedMixer and cooled to room temperature.
- the input materials and proportions can be found in Table 2.
- Step 2 Production of a hardened, thermally conductive plastic molding containing silicon powder
- the hardening of the plastic composition containing silicon powder from step 1 takes place according to the specific hardening conditions of the plastic composition used according to the manufacturer's instructions. The conditions used can be found in Table 2.
- Step 1 Production of a 2-component, thermally conductive plastic composition containing silicon powder
- the A component and the B component of the 2-component plastic composition were each mixed separately with the silicon powder using a SpeedMixer DAC 400 FVZ (Hauschild & Co KG, Waterkamp 1, 59075 Hamm, Germany) at a speed of 2350 rpm Mixed for 25 seconds.
- the plastic compositions containing silicon particles were each stirred with a spatula and silicon powder residues from the edge of the vessel were mixed in.
- the mixture was then homogenized for a further 25 seconds at 2350 rpm using a SpeedMixer and cooled to room temperature.
- the input materials and proportions can be found in Table 3.
- Step 2 Production of a cross-linked, thermally conductive plastic molding containing silicon powder
- the A and B components containing silicon powder produced in step 1 were combined and homogenized for 25 seconds at 2350 rpm using a SpeedMixer.
- the 2-component plastic composition containing silicon powder is hardened after the specific curing conditions of the plastic composition used according to the manufacturer's instructions. The conditions used can be found in Table 3.
- the flammability test is carried out in a simplified test based on UL 94 HB.
- plastic compositions according to the invention according to Examples 2 and 3 and the plastic compositions not according to the invention according to Comparative Examples V3 to V6 are applied in a 2 mm thick layer to a 150 mm long, 10 mm wide and 2 mm thick aluminum plate and according to Information in Table 2 or Table 3 hardened.
- the plate is attached to the right, long side in a horizontal position so that the aluminum support points downwards and the doctor-applied sample points upwards.
- the burner is adjusted to produce a blue flame 325 mm long.
- the flame is directed at the specimen in a horizontal position so that the tip of the blue flame points 20 mm from the left end of the test piece to the front side of the test piece. After 30 seconds of exposure, the flame is removed.
- Table 2 Composition and flammability of one-component plastic compositions containing silicon powder
- A The sample is cured at room temperature for 1 day.
- plastic compositions according to the invention according to Examples 2 and 3, which simultaneously fulfill features a) to c), have a comparatively low flammability.
- Example 5 Production of a thermally conductive plastic composition containing an in-situ mixture of silicon powders (according to the invention).
- thermoconductive plastic composition according to the invention was produced, using 46.0 g of Soudal Transpacryl Acryl transparent as the plastic composition and 18.4 g of a silicon powder not according to the invention, which had a x50 of 68.6 ⁇ m, as the silicon powder SPAN of 0.20, a b/1 of 0.85 and SPHT of 0.84, 36.8 g of the silicon powder not according to the invention from comparative example V2, 73.6 g of a silicon powder not according to the invention, which a x50 of 105.4 ⁇ m, a SPAN of 0.24, a b/1 of 0.83 and SPHT of 0.92, 36.8 g of a silicon powder not according to the invention, which has a x50 of 133.8 ⁇ m, a SPAN of 0.25, a b/1 of 0.82 and SPHT of 0.94, and 18.4 g of a silicon powder not according to the invention, which has an x50 of 162.1 ⁇ m, a SPAN
- a plastic composition according to the invention with a content of silicon particles according to the invention of 64.6% by volume was obtained.
- the pasty mass according to the invention has good processability.
- the flammability test according to Example 4 showed a moderate flame pattern, 9 cm flame height and 10 second afterburning time and thus shows a significantly weaker flammability than the comparative examples V3 to V5, which use the same plastic composition as a basis.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2022/070526 WO2024017478A1 (de) | 2022-07-21 | 2022-07-21 | Wärmeleitfähiger kunststoff |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4558550A1 true EP4558550A1 (de) | 2025-05-28 |
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ID=83004504
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22757502.4A Pending EP4558550A1 (de) | 2022-07-21 | 2022-07-21 | Wärmeleitfähiger kunststoff |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20260022229A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4558550A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP7755744B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20240140135A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN118591585A (de) |
| TW (1) | TWI869905B (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024017478A1 (de) |
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| KR20250013248A (ko) * | 2022-07-11 | 2025-01-31 | 와커 헤미 아게 | 규소 함유 열전도성 페이스트 |
| US20250101935A1 (en) * | 2023-09-26 | 2025-03-27 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Coating system with functionalized particles |
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| JPH048757A (ja) * | 1990-04-26 | 1992-01-13 | Matsushita Electron Corp | 封止樹脂用充填材およびその製造方法 |
| JP2000063670A (ja) * | 1998-08-24 | 2000-02-29 | Suzuki Sogyo Co Ltd | 熱伝導性シリコーンゴム組成物およびその成形体 |
| JP2007138100A (ja) * | 2005-11-22 | 2007-06-07 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | 高熱伝導性シリコーンゴム組成物 |
| JP5418102B2 (ja) * | 2009-09-17 | 2014-02-19 | 東ソー株式会社 | 樹脂製筐体 |
| JP2012131916A (ja) * | 2010-12-22 | 2012-07-12 | Shin-Etsu Chemical Co Ltd | 高熱伝導性シリコーンゴムスポンジ組成物及び定着ロール |
| JP5392274B2 (ja) * | 2011-01-25 | 2014-01-22 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | 高熱伝導性シリコーンゴムスポンジ組成物の製造方法 |
| JP2013221124A (ja) | 2012-04-18 | 2013-10-28 | Tosoh Corp | ポリアリーレンスルフィド樹脂組成物及びそれよりなる複合体 |
| TWI541278B (zh) | 2012-12-18 | 2016-07-11 | 夸茲沃克公司 | 導熱性塑膠材料 |
| JP6061032B2 (ja) * | 2013-06-19 | 2017-01-18 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | 熱伝導性シリコーン現像ゴム部材用シリコーンゴム組成物及び熱伝導性シリコーン現像ゴム部材 |
| CN106753140A (zh) | 2017-03-09 | 2017-05-31 | 宜兴市普利泰电子材料有限公司 | 电动车电机用环氧胶粘剂及其制备方法 |
| JP2019131669A (ja) * | 2018-01-30 | 2019-08-08 | 帝人株式会社 | 樹脂組成物および絶縁熱伝導性シート |
| CN113632219A (zh) * | 2019-03-20 | 2021-11-09 | 住友电木株式会社 | 导热性组合物和半导体装置 |
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2022
- 2022-07-21 EP EP22757502.4A patent/EP4558550A1/de active Pending
- 2022-07-21 CN CN202280089887.9A patent/CN118591585A/zh active Pending
- 2022-07-21 US US18/995,328 patent/US20260022229A1/en active Pending
- 2022-07-21 JP JP2024529859A patent/JP7755744B2/ja active Active
- 2022-07-21 KR KR1020247028363A patent/KR20240140135A/ko active Pending
- 2022-07-21 WO PCT/EP2022/070526 patent/WO2024017478A1/de not_active Ceased
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- 2023-06-28 TW TW112124098A patent/TWI869905B/zh active
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW202411398A (zh) | 2024-03-16 |
| TWI869905B (zh) | 2025-01-11 |
| WO2024017478A1 (de) | 2024-01-25 |
| JP2024540596A (ja) | 2024-10-31 |
| CN118591585A (zh) | 2024-09-03 |
| US20260022229A1 (en) | 2026-01-22 |
| JP7755744B2 (ja) | 2025-10-16 |
| KR20240140135A (ko) | 2024-09-24 |
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