EP4476170A2 - Lagerstabile lösung umfassend hypochlorige säure bzw. hypochlorit - Google Patents
Lagerstabile lösung umfassend hypochlorige säure bzw. hypochloritInfo
- Publication number
- EP4476170A2 EP4476170A2 EP23704230.4A EP23704230A EP4476170A2 EP 4476170 A2 EP4476170 A2 EP 4476170A2 EP 23704230 A EP23704230 A EP 23704230A EP 4476170 A2 EP4476170 A2 EP 4476170A2
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- solution
- ppm
- storage
- anode
- less
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B11/00—Oxides or oxyacids of halogens; Salts thereof
- C01B11/04—Hypochlorous acid
- C01B11/06—Hypochlorites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/24—Halogens or compounds thereof
- C25B1/26—Chlorine; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P1/00—Disinfectants; Antimicrobial compounds or mixtures thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B11/00—Oxides or oxyacids of halogens; Salts thereof
- C01B11/04—Hypochlorous acid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to processes for the production of storage-stable aqueous solutions which comprise hypochlorous acid and/or salts thereof.
- hypochlorous acid or Salts thereof also known as active chlorine
- a commonly used process involves the electrolysis of a NaCl solution, typically using electrolytic cells. Since explosive gas mixtures (oxygen and chlorine gas at the anode and hydrogen at the cathode) can form during the electrolysis of NaCl solutions, there is a membrane or a diaphragm in the electrolytic cell, which separates the cell into an anode compartment and a cathode compartment .
- the membranes used Diaphragms can only be penetrated by small ions such as sodium and hydroxide ions, so that there is no mixing of the anode or cathode resulting solutions comes.
- This separation creates an acidic, oxidizing solution with excellent disinfecting properties in the anode compartment and a basic, reducing solution in the cathode compartment.
- the solution made in the anode compartment is called the anolyte and the solution made in the cathode compartment is called the catholyte.
- the solutions made using this process are also known as electrochemically activated (EGA) solutions.
- ECA solutions have been shown to kill 99.99% of germs while being over 100 times more effective than traditional chlorine bleach, for example. In addition, thanks to their non-selective antimicrobial activity, they do not contribute to the development of resistance. Scientific The effectiveness of ECA solutions against bacteria, fungi, viruses, algae and spores is proven. Therefore, ECA solutions are used, among other things, in the treatment of drinking water and for the disinfection of medical devices in hospitals, for example. ECA solutions are also used in plant breeding and animal husbandry. In certain countries, ECA solutions are also used in the production of food, whereby ECA solutions can come into both direct and indirect contact with food.
- ECA solutions In addition to being used as a disinfectant, the use of ECA solutions to treat wounds and burns has proven to be very effective, so they have also proven themselves in the medical treatment of humans and animals.
- the present invention therefore relates to a method for producing a storage-stable aqueous solution comprising hypochlorous acid and/or hypochlorite comprising the steps: a. Introduction of an aqueous NaCl solution in an electrolytic cell (1), which comprises a cathode compartment (2) and an anode compartment (3), which through a separator
- aqueous NaCl solution via a first feed line (5) in the cathode compartment (2) and a second feed line (6) in the Anode space (3) is introduced, and wherein the aqueous NaCl solution comprises more than 100 ppm NaCl, b.
- a further aspect of the present invention relates to a method for producing a storage-stable aqueous solution comprising hypochlorous acid and/or hypochlorite comprising the steps: a. Introduction of an aqueous NaCl solution into an electrolytic cell, which comprises a cathode compartment and an anode compartment, which are separated from one another by a separator, the aqueous NaCl solution being introduced into the cathode compartment via a first feed line and into the anode compartment via a second feed line, and wherein the aqueous NaCl solution contains more than 100 ppm NaCl, b.
- the flow rate selected in the electrolysis process according to the invention can influence the stability of the aqueous solution produced.
- D. H Choosing a certain flow rate at which the electrolysis is carried out can result in a stable product that has a lower degradation rate of the hypochlorous acid or hypochlorous acid. of hypochlorite.
- the object according to the invention can also be achieved by a method for producing a storage-stable aqueous solution comprising hypochlorous acid and/or hypochlorite comprising the steps: a. Introduction of an aqueous NaCl solution into an electrolytic cell, which comprises a cathode compartment and an anode compartment, which are separated from one another by a membrane, the aqueous NaCl solution being introduced into the cathode compartment via a first feed line and into the anode compartment via a second feed line, and wherein the aqueous NaCl solution comprises more than 100 ppm NaCl and has an electrical conductivity of less than 30 mS/cm, preferably less than 5 mS/cm, b.
- ⁇ are dissolved in a discharge line associated with the anode compartment in order to produce a storage-stable aqueous solution which can be derived via the discharge line and comprises hypochlorous acid and/or hypochlorite, which has a pH of 5 to 6.
- the pH of the solution produced using the method according to the invention influences the stability of the hypochlorous acid and/or hypochlorite contained therein.
- the greatest stability was observed at a pH of 5 to 6.
- the pH of the aqueous solution according to the invention produced in the course of the electrolysis is therefore adjusted to 5 to 6.
- the pH can be adjusted in a wide variety of ways.
- the pH value can be adjusted by introducing part of the cathode solution (catholyte) into the anode compartment.
- the catholyte that is formed in the course of electrolysis has a high pH (greater than 10) due to the formation of hydroxide ions. This high pH makes it possible to increase the pH of the anolyte in the anode compartment to between 5 and 6. Without this addition, the pH of the anolyte would fall below 4.
- the catholyte can be fed into the anolyte in a wide variety of ways, it being particularly preferred to create a connection between the cathode and anode compartment and to control the feed of the catholyte into the anode compartment via a valve, which is preferably pH-controlled. Corresponding devices are adequately described in the prior art (see, for example, EP 1 074 515).
- the catholyte can be brought into contact with the aqueous NaCl solution before it is introduced into the anode compartment. This is done, for example, by mixing part of the catholyte with the aqueous NaCl solution before introducing it into the anode compartment, which is then introduced into the anode compartment.
- the pH value of the anolyte is thus adjusted via the supply of the aqueous NaCl solution.
- the amount of catholyte which is brought into contact with the aqueous NaCl solution is preferably controlled via a valve which is coupled to a sensor which measures the pH of the storage-stable aqueous solution according to the invention derived from the anode space.
- the pH value can also be adjusted to the desired value by adding an NaOH solution to the anode compartment and/or to a derivation line assigned to the anode compartment.
- the NaOH solution preferably has an NaOH concentration of 0.5 to 5%, preferably 1 to 5%.
- the anode and cathode preferably comprise or consist of metals such as titanium, the anode additionally comprising an electrocatalytically active layer (for the oxidation of chloride ions) which comprises metal oxides such as.
- an electrocatalytically active layer for the oxidation of chloride ions
- metal oxides such as.
- the anode chamber and the cathode chamber of the electrolytic cell used according to the invention are separated by a separator.
- the separator separates the solution in one compartment from the solution in the other compartment, allowing selected ions to migrate between compartments.
- separators for example, semipermeable diaphragms or ion-selective membranes are used.
- the separators used can comprise a ceramic based on metal oxides, such as aluminum oxide, which optionally contain other oxides such as zirconium oxide and yttrium oxide.
- Ion-selective membranes can, for example, have perfluorinated hydrocarbons which may contain ionic sulfonate groups.
- Known membranes are z. B. those from DuPont sold under the tradename Nafion®.
- hypochlorous acid or Hypochlorite include an increased amount of chlorate, which affects the further stability of such solutions and which can have toxic effects in higher concentrations.
- pH 6 below pH 6, on the other hand, there is increased formation of chlorine gas, which can be expelled from the solution, which also has a negative effect on the stability of the solution according to the invention.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to a storage-stable aqueous solution comprising hypochlorous acid and/or hypochlorite that can be prepared using a method of the present invention.
- Fig. 1 shows the schematic structure of a plant for producing the aqueous solution according to the invention.
- Storage-stable aqueous solutions comprising hypochlorous acid and/or hypochlorite can be produced with the method according to the invention.
- “Stable in storage” in relation to the aqueous solution according to the invention means that the concentration of the hypochlorous acid or hypochlorite after electrolysis in the solution over a longer period of, for example, 6 to 12 months at room temperature (approx. 20 ° C) is less than 30 % and a maximum of 10 to 30% It has been shown that in solutions which are produced using conventional methods which are not according to the invention, the concentration of hypochlorous acid or hypochlorite decreases by at least 50% within days or weeks in some cases. According to the invention, such solutions cannot be described as storage-stable.
- Adequate storage stability of the solution according to the invention can be determined according to the invention in a "quick method" by determining its content of hypochlorous acid or hypochlorite after storage at a temperature of 54 ° C. Is the content of hypochlorous acid or hypochlorite after 14 days of storage at over 50% of the initial value (measured immediately after its preparation), the solution can be described as stable in storage.
- Chlorine can be found in water or dissolved in aqueous solutions occur in several forms.
- the three different forms OC1 ⁇ , HOC1 and CI2 are subsumed under the term "active chlorine” or "active chlorine”.
- the exact concentration of the individual forms of this freely available chlorine (“free available chlorine”; FAC) depends, among other things, on the pH value of the water or the aqueous solution and can be calculated using the method according to DIN EN ISO 7939-1 as " Fast track” can be determined (see e .g .
- the pH of the solutions prepared according to the invention can fall below 5 during storage. This has no effect on the storage stability per se, since it has been shown that the pH value is decisive immediately after the solution according to the invention has been prepared. At this point it should be moving from 5 to 6 . If the pH is higher than 6 or lower than 5, this negatively affects the storage stability.
- the storage stability has various advantages.
- Aqueous solutions comprising hypochlorous acid and/or hypochlorite, which are produced using conventional methods, have to be transported from the place of production to the place of use in a short time due to their low storage stability.
- the solutions are produced on site and used immediately afterwards . This means that a production facility is required at each location.
- solutions are produced which are stable for months. This results in an enormous logistical advantage and also opens up new areas of application (e.g. medical use for end users).
- the electrolytic cell used according to the invention is operated with a voltage of 5 to 40 volts, preferably 10 to 30 volts, and a current of 40 to 1000 amperes, preferably 50 to 600 amperes. It was found that in these areas, the formation of hypochlorous acid or of the hypochlorite runs particularly well.
- Fig. 1 shows the schematic structure of a plant which is suitable for producing the aqueous solution according to the invention.
- water is first mixed with a preferably saturated NaCl solution and fed via lines 5 and 6 into the cathode chamber 2 and 2 respectively.
- Anode chamber 3 of the electrolytic cell 1 introduced.
- the anolyte from which the solution according to the invention is obtained and the hypochlorous acid or includes hypochlorite is removed from the anode chamber via the discharge line 7 .
- VI and V2 represent lines with which catholyte can be supplied from the cathode compartment either in discharge line 7 and/or in feed line 6 in order to adjust the pH of the anolyte.
- the aqueous NaCl solution has an electrical conductivity of less than 30 mS/cm, preferably from 1 to 30 mS/cm, even more preferably from 5 to 30 mS/cm, even more preferably from 10 to 30 mS/cm, on .
- the aqueous NaCl solution has an electrical conductivity of 1 to 5 mS/cm, preferably 1.5 to 4.5 mS/cm, even more preferably 2 to 4 mS/cm. even more preferably from 2.5 to 4 mS/cm, to .
- hypochlorous acid or Hypochlorite in an aqueous solution depends on electrical conductivity. The higher this conductivity, the more unstable is the solution related to hypochlorous acid or hypochlorite .
- the lowest range of electrical conductivity is defined by the minimum concentration of 100 ppm NaCl in the solution to be electrolyzed.
- the method according to the invention can be used both for the electrolysis of NaCl solutions with a high salt concentration (with an electrical conductivity of up to 30 mS/cm) and for the electrolysis of NaCl solutions with a low salt concentration (with an electrical Conductivity of up to 5 mS / cm) is suitable to produce a storage-stable aqueous solution comprising hypochlorous acid and / or hypochlorite.
- the electrical conductivity is determined using known methods (such as according to ISO 7888) at a temperature of approx. Measured 22°C.
- the aqueous NaCl solution comprises 2000 to 15000 ppm, preferably 3000 to 15000 ppm, even more preferably 4000 to 12000 ppm, even more preferably 5000 to 10000 ppm NaCl.
- the aqueous NaCl solution has an evaporation residue of 2 to 15 g/l, preferably 3 to 15 g/l, even more preferably 5 to 15 g/l, even more preferably 5 up to 10 g/ 1 , on .
- the aqueous NaCl solution comprises 200 to 2000 ppm, preferably 300 to 1500 ppm, even more preferably from 300 to 1000 ppm, even more preferably from 300 to 700 ppm, NaCl.
- the NaCl solution used for the electrolysis and introduced into the anode and cathode chamber preferably comprises 200 to 2000 ppm NaCl.
- the relatively small amount of NaCl in the electrolysis solution has the advantage that the solution according to the invention produced with it also contains hypochlorite or . hypochlorous acid is low in NaCl. This is particularly in view of the corrosiveness of the solution to z.
- the aqueous NaCl solution has an evaporation residue of 1200 to 2000 mg/l, preferably 1300 to 1900 mg/l, even more preferably 1400 to 1800 mg/l.
- the evaporation residue which can be determined by evaporating ( i . B. salts , in the solution . Since the stability of the aqueous solution according to the invention can be influenced by the amount of ions present, the evaporation residue in the aqueous NaCl solution should ideally not exceed a specific concentration.
- the aqueous NaCl solution is prepared by mixing a saturated aqueous NaCl solution and water, the water having a conductivity of less than 2 mS/cm, preferably less than 1.5 mS/cm. even more preferably less than 1 mS/cm.
- the NaCl solution that is introduced into the electrolytic cell is preferably prepared by mixing a saturated aqueous NaCl solution and water.
- the water used should also have a low electrical conductivity to prevent the total conductivity from exceeding 5 mS/cm.
- the water used can be deionized or distilled.
- the water used to prepare the aqueous NaCl solution from a saturated NaCl solution has an electrical conductivity of between 0.1 and 2 mS/cm. preferably between 0.2 and 1.5 mS/cm, more preferably between 0.4 and 1 mS/cm.
- the water has an evaporation residue of 5 to 500 mg/l, preferably 5 to 300 mg/l, even more preferably 10 to 250 mg/l.
- the aqueous NaCl solution and/or the water has a pH of 6.8 to 9.5, preferably 7 to 9.2.
- the aqueous NaCl solution and/or the water has a carbonate concentration, i.e. concentration of HCOsA, of 10 to 500 ppm, preferably 20 to 400 ppm, even more preferably 30 to 300 ppm more preferably from 40 to 250 ppm.
- a carbonate concentration i.e. concentration of HCOsA
- the carbonate hardness (expressed as the concentration of HCO3-) of the aqueous NaCl solution that is introduced into the anode or cathode space, or of the water with which the aqueous NaCl solution is produced, has an influence can have on the stability of the aqueous solution according to the invention.
- the carbonate hardness (KH) is the proportion of alkaline earth ions bound to carbonates (CO3 2 -) and hydrogen carbonates (HCO 3 ⁇ ) and dissolved in the water.
- the aqueous NaCl solution comprises less than 0.3 ppm, preferably less than 0.3 ppm, more preferably less than 0.2 ppm copper ions, nickel ions and/or iron ions.
- the content of metal ions in particular the content of copper ions, nickel ions and iron ions, also has an effect on the stability of hypochlorous acid or hypochlorite in aqueous solutions. If their concentration is below certain limit values, the storage stability of the aqueous solutions produced according to the invention increases even further.
- the aqueous NaCl solution comprises less than 0.02 ppm, preferably less than 0.01 ppm, nitrate ions and/or nitrate ions. It is advantageous if the aqueous NaCl solution has a low proportion of nitrate ions and/or nitrate ions in order to obtain a stable electrolysis product.
- the aqueous NaCl solution comprises less than 500 ppm, preferably less than 400 ppm, more preferably less than 300 ppm sulfate ions, phosphate ions and/or orthosilicate ions.
- the stability of the aqueous solution according to the invention can be further increased if the aqueous NaCl solution comprises less than 500 ppm sulfate ions, phosphate ions and/or orthosilicates.
- the aqueous NaCl solution comprises less than 50 ppm, preferably less than 40 ppm, even more preferably less than 30 ppm, even more preferably less than 20 ppm calcium ions and/or magnesium ions.
- the aqueous NaCl solution comprises 20 to 200 ppm, preferably 50 to 100 ppm, of an inorganic buffer.
- the inorganic buffer comprises bicarbonate.
- the electrolysis solution with 10 to 500 ppm, preferably 20 to 400 ppm, more preferably 30 to 300 ppm, even more preferably 40 to 250 ppm, carbonate ions in the form of z. B. added sodium bicarbonate.
- the use of carbonates, such as hydrogen carbonates, showed positive effects on storage stability, sodium hydrogen carbonate preferably being used.
- the aqueous NaCl solution is introduced into the electrolytic cell and the storage-stable aqueous solution is discharged from the electrolytic cell at a flow rate of 0.2 m/s to 1.8 m/s, preferably of 0.2 m/s to 1.5, more preferably from 0.2 m/s to 1.2, even more preferably from 0.2 m/s to 1 m/s.
- the flow rate selected in the electrolysis process according to the invention also influences the stability of the aqueous solution produced. That is, choosing a certain flow rate at which to carry out the electrolysis can result in an even more stable product that has a lower rate of hypochlorous acid/hypochlorite degradation.
- the electrolytic cell is preferably brought to a temperature of from 2°C to 20°C, more preferably from 3°C to 15°C, even more preferably from 5°C to 10°C, during the process according to the invention.
- Cooling the electrolytic cell and thus the anolyte or catholyte it contains also leads to a more stable end product and a lower chlorate concentration in the manufactured product.
- the salt solution supplied to the cathode and anode compartment can be brought to a temperature of 2°C to 20°C, even more preferably 3°C to 15°C, even more preferably 5°C to 10° before it is introduced C, to be brought.
- the temperature in the electrolytic cell can be reduced accordingly by continuously feeding in chilled salt solution. Thus, it would also be possible to refrain from cooling the electrolytic cell.
- the molar ratio between chlorate ions and hypochlorous acid and/or hypochlorite in the storage-stable solution is less than 1:50, preferably less than 1:60, immediately after its production and/or removal from the electrolytic cell. even more preferably less than 1:80.
- a further aspect of the present invention relates to a storage-stable aqueous solution that can be produced using a method according to the invention.
- the storage-stable solution has an electrical conductivity of less than 4 mS/cm, preferably less than 3 mS/cm, more preferably less than 2.5 mS/cm.
- the storage-stable solution still has an electrical conductivity of 0.5 to 4 mS/cm, preferably 1 to 3 mS/cm, even more preferably 1.2 to 3 mS/cm more preferably from 1.4 to 2.5 mS/cm.
- the conductivity of the storage-stable solution is usually lower than that of the aqueous NaCl solution that is introduced into the anode or cathode chamber.
- the electrolysis in the anode chamber produces chlorine from the chloride ions, among other things, which is expelled from the anolyte during the electrolysis. This removes ions from the system.
- the storage stable solution comprises between 50 and 1500 ppm, preferably between 100 and 1000, even more preferably between 150 and 800, even more preferably between 200 and 600 ppm hypochlorous acid and/or hypochlorite .
- the ratio between hypochlorous acid and/or hypochlorite and chloride ions in the storage-stable solution is 1:1.2 to 1:2.8, preferably 1:1 to 1:1 .5 to 1:2.5, more preferably 1:1.7 to 1:2.1.
- a storage-stable solution which preferably has these ratios between hypochlorous acid and/or hypochlorite and chloride ions.
- this ratio can change over time due to the degradation of the hypochlorous acid or hypochlorite, which is crucial however, that this ratio prevails immediately after electrolysis.
- This ratio also has a positive effect on storage stability.
- the molar ratio between chlorate ions and hypochlorous acid and/or hypochlorite in the storage stable solution is less than 1:10, preferably less than 1:20, more preferably less than 3:100.
- the molar ratio between chlorate ions and hypochlorous acid and/or hypochlorite in the storage-stable solution increases from less than 1:60 to a maximum of 1:10 after storage for 18 months at 22° C.
- the solution or solution according to the invention the solution that can be prepared using the process according to the invention has a relatively low chlorate content immediately after its preparation.
- solutions are prepared that are already at the beginning of storage, d. H . immediately after their production, have a relatively high chlorate content.
- the solution according to the invention or the solution that can be prepared using the process according to the invention surprisingly still has a comparatively low chlorate content even after 18 months of storage.
- the storage-stable aqueous solution comprises chlorate in a concentration of less than 50 ppm, preferably less than 40 ppm, even more preferably less than 30 ppm, even more preferably less than 25 ppm, even more preferably less than 20 ppm.
- hypochlorous acid or Hypochlorite over time to chlorate and chloride. Due to the measures taken in the production of the aqueous solution according to the invention, the concentration of chlorate is relatively low compared to solutions produced by conventional methods, in which the hypochlorous acid or of the hypochlorite comes . Chlorate has high levels Concentrations have toxic effects, which would limit therapeutic use, for example. After production and also during storage, the solution according to the invention always has a chlorate content of less than 50 ppm.
- the storage-stable aqueous solution has a pH of 4 to 6.
- the pH of the solution can drop immediately after the solution according to the invention has been prepared. Surprisingly, it has been shown that the starting pH immediately after production is important for the storage stability.
- the storage-stable aqueous solution comprises less than 0.3 ppm, preferably less than 0.2 ppm, of copper ions, nickel ions and/or iron ions.
- the storage-stable aqueous solution comprises less than 0.1 ppm, preferably less than 0.05 ppm, even more preferably less than 0.01 ppm, nitrate ions and/or nitrate ions.
- the storage-stable aqueous solution comprises less than 500 ppm, preferably less than 400 ppm, even more preferably less than 300 ppm, sulfate ions, phosphate ions and/or orthosilicates.
- the storage-stable aqueous solution comprises less than 50 ppm, preferably less than 40 ppm, even more preferably less than 30 ppm, even more preferably less than 20 ppm calcium ions and/or magnesium ions.
- the storage-stable aqueous solution has a Redox potential from 1000 to 1500 mV, preferably from 1100 to 1400 mV, more preferably from 1150 to 1300 mV.
- the storage-stable aqueous solution has an evaporation residue of 200 to 1500 mg/l, preferably 500 to 1250 mg/l, even more preferably 600 to 1200 mg/l.
- the stable solution according to the invention can be used for all purposes such as known solutions including hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite, in particular as a disinfectant, for water disinfection, surface disinfection, wound disinfection, wound healing, plant breeding, and the like.
- a method for producing a storage-stable aqueous solution comprising hypochlorous acid and/or hypochlorite comprising the steps: a. Introduction of an aqueous NaCl solution into an electrolytic cell (1), which comprises a cathode compartment (2) and an anode compartment (3), which are separated from one another by a separator (4), the aqueous NaCl solution being introduced via a first feed line (5) into introduced into the cathode compartment (2) and via a second supply line (6) into the anode compartment (3), and wherein the aqueous NaCl solution comprises more than 100 ppm NaCl and has an electrical conductivity of less than 5 mS/cm, b.
- a storage-stable aqueous solution which can be derived via line (7) and comprises hypochlorous acid and/or hypochlorite and has a pH of 5 to 6.
- aqueous NaCl solution has an electrical conductivity of 1 to 5 mS/cm, preferably 1.5 to 4.5 mS/cm, even more preferably 2 to 4 mS/cm. cm, more preferably from 2.5 to 4 mS/cm.
- Method according to embodiment 1 or 2 characterized in that the aqueous NaCl solution comprises 200 to 2000 ppm, preferably 300 to 1500 ppm, even more preferably 300 to 1000 ppm, even more preferably 300 to 700 ppm NaCl .
- aqueous NaCl solution has an evaporation residue of 1200 to 2000 mg/l, preferably 1300 to 1900 mg/l, even more preferably 1400 to 1800 mg/l 1, has .
- aqueous NaCl solution is prepared by mixing a saturated aqueous NaCl solution and water, the water having a conductivity of less than 2 mS/cm, preferably less than 1.5 mS/cm, more preferably less than 1 mS/cm.
- Method according to embodiment 5 characterized in that the water has an electrical conductivity between 0.1 and 2 mS/cm, preferably between 0.2 and 1.5 mS/cm, even more preferably between 0.4 and 1 mS/cm.
- Method according to embodiment 5 or 6 characterized in that the water has an evaporation residue of 5 to 500 mg/l, preferably of 5 to 300 mg/l, even more preferably of 10 to 250 mg/l.
- aqueous NaCl solution and/or the water has a pH of 6.8 to 9.5, preferably 7 to 9.2.
- aqueous NaCl solution and / or the water has a 10 to 500 ppm, preferably 20 to 400 ppm, more preferably 30 to 300 ppm, even more preferably 40 to 250 ppm carbonate ion.
- the aqueous NaCl solution contains less than 0.3 ppm, preferably less than 0.25 ppm, even more preferably less than 0.2 ppm, copper ions, nickel ions and /or iron ions, and/or less than 0.02 ppm, preferably less than 0.01 ppm, nitrate ions and/or nitrate ions, and/or less than 500 ppm, preferably less than 400 ppm, even more preferably less than 300 ppm, sulfate ions, phosphate ions and/or orthosilicate ions, and/or less than 50 ppm, preferably less than 40 ppm, even more preferably less than 30 ppm, even more preferably less than 20 ppm, calcium ions and/or magnesium ions.
- aqueous NaCl solution comprises 20 to 200 ppm, preferably 50 to 100 ppm, of an inorganic buffer.
- a storage-stable aqueous solution that can be produced using a method according to one of embodiments 1 to 14.
- Storage-stable aqueous solution according to embodiment 15 or 16 characterized in that the storage-stable solution has an electrical conductivity of 0.5 to 4 mS/cm, preferably 1 to 3 mS/cm, even more preferably 1.2 to 3 mS/cm, more preferably from 1.4 to 2.5 mS/cm.
- Storage-stable aqueous solution according to one of embodiments 15 to 18, characterized in that the molar ratio between hypochlorous acid and/or hypochlorite and chloride ions in the storage-stable solution is 1:1.2 to 1:2.8, preferably 1:1 to 1:1.5 to 1:2.5, more preferably 1:1.7 to 1:2.1.
- Storage-stable aqueous solution according to one of embodiments 15 to 19, characterized in that the storage-stable aqueous solution contains chlorate in a concentration of less than 50 ppm, preferably less than 40 ppm, even more preferably less than 30 ppm less than 25 ppm, more preferably less than 20 ppm.
- a method for producing a storage-stable aqueous solution comprising hypochlorous acid and/or hypochlorite comprising the steps: a. Introduction of an aqueous NaCl solution into an electrolytic cell (1), which comprises a cathode compartment (2) and an anode compartment (3), which are separated from one another by a separator (4), the aqueous NaCl solution being introduced via a first feed line (5) into is introduced into the cathode compartment (2) and via a second feed line (6) into the anode compartment (3), and wherein the aqueous NaCl solution comprises more than 100 ppm NaCl, b.
- aqueous NaCl solution has an electrical conductivity of less than 30 mS/cm, preferably from 1 to 30 mS/cm, even more preferably from 5 to 30 mS/cm, even more preferably from 10 to 30 mS/cm.
- aqueous NaCl solution comprises 200 to 2000 ppm, preferably 300 to 1500 ppm, even more preferably 300 to 1000 ppm, even more preferably 300 to 700 ppm NaCl .
- aqueous NaCl solution is prepared by mixing a saturated aqueous NaCl solution and water, the water having a conductivity of less than 2 mS/cm, preferably less than 1.5 mS/cm, more preferably less than 1 mS/cm.
- aqueous NaCl solution and/or the water has a pH of 6.8 to 9.5, preferably 7 to 9.2.
- aqueous NaCl solution and/or the water has a 10 to 500 ppm, preferably 20 to 400 ppm, even more preferably 30 to 300 ppm, even more preferably 40 to 250 ppm, carbonate ions.
- the aqueous NaCl solution contains less than 0.3 ppm, preferably less than 0.25 ppm, even more preferably less than 0.2 ppm, copper ions, nickel ions and /or iron ions, and/or less than 0.02 ppm, preferably less than 0.01 ppm, nitrate ions and/or nitrate ions, and/or less than 500 ppm, preferably less than 400 ppm, even more preferably less than 300 ppm, sulfate ions, phosphate ions and/or orthosilicate ions, and/or less than 50 ppm, preferably less than 40 ppm, more preferably less than 30 ppm, more preferably less than 20 ppm, calcium ions and/or magnesium ions.
- aqueous NaCl solution comprises 20 to 200 ppm, preferably 50 to 100 ppm, of an inorganic buffer.
- Method according to any one of embodiments 21 to 35 characterized in that the electrolytic cell (1) is heated to a temperature of from 2°C to 20°C, preferably from 3°C to 15°C, even more preferably during the method from 5°C to 10°C.
- Storage-stable aqueous solution comprising hypochlorous acid and/or hypochlorite, preferably producible using a method according to one of embodiments 21 to 37.
- Storage-stable aqueous solution according to embodiment 38 characterized in that the storage-stable solution has an electrical conductivity of less than 4 mS/cm, preferably less than 3 mS/cm, even more preferably less than 2.5 mS/cm , having.
- Storage-stable aqueous solution according to embodiment 38 or 39 characterized in that the storage-stable solution has an electrical conductivity of 0.5 to 4 mS/cm, preferably from 1 to 3 mS/cm, more preferably from 1.2 to 3 mS/cm, even more preferably from 1.4 to 2.5 mS/cm.
- a storage-stable aqueous solution according to any one of embodiments 38 to 40 characterized in that the storage-stable solution is between 50 and 1500 ppm, preferably between 100 and 1000, even more preferably between 150 and 800, even more preferably between 200 and 600 ppm hypochlorous acid and/or hypochlorite.
- Storage-stable aqueous solution according to one of embodiments 38 to 41, characterized in that the molar ratio between hypochlorous acid and/or hypochlorite and chloride ions in the storage-stable solution is 1:1.2 to 1:2.8, preferably 1:1 to 1:1.5 to 1:2.5, more preferably 1:1.7 to 1:2.1.
- Storage-stable aqueous solution according to any one of embodiments 37 to 41, characterized in that the molar ratio between chlorate ions and hypochlorous acid and/or hypochlorite in the storage-stable solution is less than 1:10, preferably less than 1:20, even more preferably less than 3:100, is .
- Storage-stable aqueous solution according to one of embodiments 37 to 41, characterized in that the molar ratio between chlorate ions and hypochlorous acid and/or hypochlorite in the storage-stable solution after 18 months of storage at 22° C. has fallen from less than 1:60 to a maximum 1:10 increases.
- Storage-stable aqueous solution according to any one of embodiments 37 to 44, characterized in that the storage-stable aqueous solution contains chlorate in a concentration of less than 50 ppm, preferably less than 40 ppm, even more preferably less than 30 ppm of less than 25 ppm, more preferably less than 20 ppm.
- the concentration of freely available chlorine in the samples was determined using the method in accordance with DIN EN ISO 7939-1.
- the pH of the sample solutions was adjusted to about 6.2 to 6.5 and N,N-diethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine (DPD) was added.
- DPD N,N-diethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine
- the addition of DPD turned the sample solution red.
- the content of freely available chlorine was determined by subsequent titration with a standard solution of ammonium iron(II) sulfate until the red color had disappeared.
- the free chlorine level was determined by multiplying by a factor of 0.74 into the hypochlorous acid or hypochlorite level.
- Example 1 Influence of the pH on the storage stability of the aqueous solution according to the invention
- solutions were prepared using the method of the invention.
- the pH of the solutions was adjusted to 4, 5, 6, 7 and 7.4, respectively, by adding the cathode solution to the anode solution. These solutions were subjected to the aging process described above.
- the temperature of the solutions in the gas cylinders was kept constant at 54 °C and the concentrations of freely available chlorine and thus of hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite were determined before the aging process, after 2, 7 and 14 days.
- Distilled water was used in each process step to prepare the solutions comprising hypochlorous acid or hypochlorite.
- the electrolysis was carried out at 20 volts and 60 amperes direct current. The flow velocity was 0.8 m/s. The measured values are listed in the following table:
- Table A clearly shows that by adjusting the pH to pH 5 to 6, a significantly higher storage stability with regard to the degradation of hypochlorous acid or hypochlorite can be achieved. Adjusting the pH is essential to enable the production of a storage-stable aqueous solution.
- the chlorate content was measured according to ISO 10304-4. It was surprisingly found that this was below 50 ppm for all samples with pH 5 and 6. Up to day 7 the chlorate content at pH 5 and 6 was even less than 20 ppm. In contrast, in the samples with pH 7 and 7.4 In some cases, a chlorate content of at least 50 ppm was determined from day 0 and 2 using ion chromatography.
- the pH of the aqueous solution produced was - as described in Example 1 - to approx. 6 , 5 set .
- the solution produced by electrolysis was exposed to an accelerated aging process. The temperature was kept constant at 54°C during the stability test. The FAC measurements were carried out after 0 and 1 4 days.
- Table B shows the % change in FAC after 2 weeks storage at 54° C. as described above. The results show that the amount of HCO3- present can influence the storage stability of the solutions produced according to the invention, as a result of which the stability can optionally be additionally increased.
- Example 3 Influence of various anions and cations on the storage stability of the aqueous solution
- electrolysis solutions with different concentrations of copper, nickel, iron, calcium, magnesium, nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, phosphate were used and orthosilications produced.
- distilled water was used in addition to NaCl and with different concentrations of the ions mentioned here in the form of chloride or Sodium salts are added and then introduced into the anode and cathode compartments of an electrolytic cell and subjected to electrolysis as described in Example 1.
- the aqueous solutions thus produced which have a pH of approx. 6 were, as described in Example 1, exposed to an accelerated aging process.
- the temperature was kept constant at 54° C. and after 14 days the change in FAC present was compared with respect to a product according to example 1 with pH 6 and (“reference”).
- the salt solution is introduced into the anode and cathode chambers at a specific flow rate.
- the aqueous solution according to the invention is comprised of hypochlorous acid or Hypochlorite recovered from the anode room.
- the electrolysis was carried out at different flow rates, as described in example 1.
- the flow velocities of introducing and discharging the storage-stable aqueous solution into and out of the electrolytic cell varied between 0.61 m/s and 0.88 m/s.
- the temperature during the stability test was kept constant at 54° C. and the FAC and chlorate content was determined after 0 and 14 days. Distilled water was used to prepare the electrolysis solutions.
- Table D shows that the flow rate has an additional influence on the storage stability of the electrolysis product and can lead to an even more stable product. It was found that increasing the flow rate leads to a more stable product, which has a lower chlorate concentration.
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Abstract
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Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ATA50077/2022A AT525645B1 (de) | 2022-02-09 | 2022-02-09 | Lagerstabile lösung umfassend hypochlorige säure bzw. hypochlorit |
| ATA50146/2022A AT525630B1 (de) | 2022-03-08 | 2022-03-08 | Lagerstabile lösung umfassend hypochlorige säure bzw.hypochlorit |
| PCT/AT2023/060028 WO2023150811A2 (de) | 2022-02-09 | 2023-02-02 | Lagerstabile lösung umfassend hypochlorige säure bzw. hypochlorit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4476170A2 true EP4476170A2 (de) | 2024-12-18 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23704230.4A Withdrawn EP4476170A2 (de) | 2022-02-09 | 2023-02-02 | Lagerstabile lösung umfassend hypochlorige säure bzw. hypochlorit |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250171913A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4476170A2 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE202023100502U1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023150811A2 (de) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE60036582T2 (de) | 1999-08-06 | 2008-06-26 | Puricore International Ltd. | Elektrochemische Behandlung einer wässrigen Lösung |
| US8871278B2 (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2014-10-28 | Puricore, Inc. | Stabilized hypohalous acid solutions |
| US20130146474A1 (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2013-06-13 | Aquaox Inc. | Mesh electrode electrolysis apparatus and method for generating a sanitizing solution |
| WO2017047169A1 (ja) * | 2015-09-16 | 2017-03-23 | 株式会社Nibm | 次亜塩素酸水溶液 |
| RU2644771C1 (ru) * | 2016-09-07 | 2018-02-14 | Игорь Владимирович Козлов | Способ получения раствора хлорноватистой кислоты |
-
2023
- 2023-02-02 EP EP23704230.4A patent/EP4476170A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2023-02-02 DE DE202023100502.0U patent/DE202023100502U1/de active Active
- 2023-02-02 WO PCT/AT2023/060028 patent/WO2023150811A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-02-02 US US18/837,419 patent/US20250171913A1/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| US20250171913A1 (en) | 2025-05-29 |
| DE202023100502U1 (de) | 2023-03-16 |
| WO2023150811A3 (de) | 2023-12-28 |
| WO2023150811A2 (de) | 2023-08-17 |
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