EP4416750A1 - Durchführung mit einem anschlussterminal sowie gehäuse und relais mit einer solchen durchführung - Google Patents
Durchführung mit einem anschlussterminal sowie gehäuse und relais mit einer solchen durchführungInfo
- Publication number
- EP4416750A1 EP4416750A1 EP22797773.3A EP22797773A EP4416750A1 EP 4416750 A1 EP4416750 A1 EP 4416750A1 EP 22797773 A EP22797773 A EP 22797773A EP 4416750 A1 EP4416750 A1 EP 4416750A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- connection terminal
- flexible element
- bushing
- pipe guide
- opening
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
- H01H50/02—Bases; Casings; Covers
- H01H50/023—Details concerning sealing, e.g. sealing casing with resin
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
- H01H50/14—Terminal arrangements
Definitions
- the invention relates to a bushing with a connection terminal, in particular for a high-power relay, comprising a housing part with a through-opening and a connection terminal arrangement which is passed through the through-opening and is sealed against the through-opening with a fixing material. Further aspects of the invention relate to a housing and a relay, each of which includes at least one such bushing.
- Relays are known in the prior art, with which electrical currents can be switched on and off.
- An example of this are high-performance relays, which are used in electric vehicles or hybrid vehicles in order to safely disconnect a traction battery, which provides the electrical energy for the vehicle, from the vehicle's power supply system.
- Such a relay comprises a housing, electrical bushings for the circuit to be switched and a contacting device which connects or separates two terminals for switching the current.
- the contacting device can be actuated with an actuator, for example in the form of an electromagnet.
- the interior of the housing is usually sealed, on the one hand, to prevent the ingress of moisture and, on the other hand, to keep any quenching gas present in the housing for extinguishing an arc in the housing.
- a hermetic connection is known from EP3358593 B1, which is particularly suitable for a high-performance relay.
- the hermetic connector includes a metal case having a through hole, a pipe guide that is passed through the through hole, an insulating glass that hermetically seals the pipe guide and the metal case, and a terminal base that is passed through the Pipe guide runs and is hermetically attached to this.
- the terminal base is made of a low-resistance metal and arranged in the terminal such that a gap exists between an inner peripheral surface of a portion of the pipe guide that is in contact with the insulating glass and an outer peripheral surface of a corresponding portion of the terminal base. With thermal expansion of the connection base, the pipe guide deforms so that damage to the insulating glass is avoided.
- the known bushings In the case of the known bushings, the flexibility required to compensate for thermal expansion of the connection terminal is provided by the pipe guide, which must have a minimum length or minimum height for this purpose. Therefore, the known bushings have a comparatively high overall height. In order to be able to design housings with such bushings to be more compact overall, it is an object of the invention to provide a bushing with a connection terminal that has a low overall height.
- the known pipe guides must be elastic in order to be able to absorb changes in length due to thermal expansion of a connection terminal. If pressure glazing is desired for a hermetic seal, the counter pressure required for this cannot be applied using the known pipe guides. Accordingly, an object of the invention can be seen as providing a feedthrough which is suitable for pressure encapsulation.
- a further object of the invention can be seen as providing a bushing with a connection terminal, in which the receptacle and Transmission of torques introduced at the connection terminal is improved.
- a bushing with a connection terminal is proposed, which is particularly suitable for a high-power relay.
- the bushing comprises a housing part with a through-opening and a connection terminal arrangement, which is passed through the through-opening and is sealed against the through-opening with a fixing material.
- the connection terminal arrangement comprises a connection terminal made of a first material and a pipe guide made of a second material, the pipe guide surrounding at least part of the connection terminal and the fixing material for sealing the connection terminal arrangement being arranged between an outer wall of a sleeve section of the pipe guide and an inner wall of the through-opening, with between there is a first gap between an inner wall of the sleeve section and the connection terminal.
- connection terminal arrangement comprises a flexible element via which the pipe guide is connected to the connection terminal, the flexible element surrounding a pin section of the connection terminal, and a second gap being present between the pin section of the connection terminal and the flexible element.
- the flexible element is formed in one piece with the pipe guide as a section of the pipe guide with a reduced thickness.
- the flexible element is made from a third material.
- the flexible element is designed in one piece with the connection terminal.
- the connection terminal has a pin section, which serves in particular as a current conductor in the bushing.
- the pin section is preferably of essentially cylindrical design, in particular in the form of a circular cylinder, although other shapes are also conceivable. For example, cylindrical shapes with an oval, rectangular or square cross section would also be conceivable. Furthermore, it would be conceivable for the pin section to be entirely or partially conically shaped.
- the tube guide with the sleeve section and the flexible element at least partially surround the pin section. Their cross-sectional shape is preferably chosen to correspond to the cross-sectional shape of the pin section.
- the elasticity of the part of the pipe guide serving as a flexible element is increased by reducing the thickness.
- This reduction in thickness takes place in particular in relation to the sleeve section, so that a thickness, in particular a wall thickness, of the pipe guide in the area of the flexible element is smaller than the thickness in the area of the sleeve section.
- the elasticity of the flexible element is increased by making it from a different material.
- the third material is preferably chosen such that its modulus of elasticity is lower than that of the second material of the pipe guide.
- the elasticity is increased even when the flexible element has the same wall thickness as the pipe guide in the sleeve area.
- a thickness or wall thickness of the flexible element can also be selected to be smaller than the thickness of the pipe guide in the sleeve area, in order to further increase the elasticity.
- the flexible element is designed in one piece with the connection terminal and is therefore made from the same material as the connection terminal.
- the first material of the connection terminal usually has a lower modulus of elasticity than the second material of the pipe guide.
- a thickness or a wall thickness of the flexible element can be selected independently of the thickness of the sleeve section of the pipe guide, so that a flexible element with good elastic properties is obtained.
- the thickness or a wall thickness of the flexible element can be selected to be smaller than a thickness of the pipe guide in the sleeve section.
- the overall height is understood to mean, in particular, the length by which the connection terminal arrangement protrudes beyond the housing part.
- the flexible element is preferably connected to the connection terminal or the pipe guide by means of welding or soldering.
- connection is preferably designed to be hermetically sealed.
- seal between the pipe guide and the inner wall of the through-opening with the fixing material is preferably hermetically sealed.
- Hermetically sealed is understood to mean in particular that at a pressure difference of 1 bar the helium leak rate is less than T10′8 mbar l/ s′1 , preferably less than 1 ⁇ 10′9 mbar l/s ⁇ 1 .
- connection terminal preferably has at least one collar.
- the collar is designed in particular as an area of the connection terminal, within which an outer diameter of the connection terminal is larger than an outer diameter in the pin section.
- Such a collar can have a constant diameter. However, it can also be provided that in the area of the collar the diameter changes abruptly or continuously in one or more stages.
- the at least one collar is preferably arranged on the connection terminal and dimensioned such that the collar is arranged outside of the through-opening.
- the flexible element according to variant i) or ii) is preferably connected to the collar on a side of the collar pointing towards the through-opening.
- the section of the connection terminal forming the flexible element begins on the side of the collar pointing towards the through-opening.
- the outer diameter of the collar and the outer diameter of the flexible element can be selected to be identical, so that the flexible element is flush with the collar.
- the outer diameter of the flexible element can be selected to be smaller.
- the flexible element according to variant i) or ii) is connected to the collar on a lateral surface of the latter.
- connection terminal can include connection means on one or both end faces in order to facilitate the connection of an electrical supply line.
- These connecting means are designed, for example, as a threaded hole that allows a screw connection to an electrical connection. Such a threaded bore is preferably arranged at least on an outwardly pointing side of the bushing.
- the connecting means can also be designed in the form of a flat surface, for example, which is suitable for a soldered or welded connection. In this context, provision can be made for the surface to be coated and/or roughened so that such connections adhere better.
- the pipe guide or the flexible element insofar as this is designed in one piece with the pipe guide, can comprise a flange to simplify the connection to the connection terminal, in particular to the collar of the connection terminal. Provision can be made for this purpose to fold a wall of the pipe guide to form a flange or to enlarge an end surface of the pipe guide by adjusting the outside and/or inside diameter.
- a diameter of a connection point can also be increased, as a result of which torques acting on the connection terminal can be better transmitted without damage to the connection point.
- the pipe guide has a continuous or abrupt increase in diameter on a side facing the flexible element outside the through-opening and the pipe guide is connected to the flexible element in this area with the increased diameter .
- the resulting increased diameter can improve the transmission of torques acting on the connection terminal, so that the bushing is not damaged, particularly when connecting a connection cable to the connection terminal by screwing.
- the flexible element is preferably arranged and designed in such a way that the second gap between the flexible element and the pin section is larger than or is the same size as the first gap between the sleeve section and the pin section. If, for example, the flexible element is formed by lengthening the pipe guide with a reduced wall thickness, the inside diameter is preferably increased to reduce the thickness and the outside diameter is retained.
- an insulation distance provided by the fixing material is preferably lengthened by arranging additional insulation material. In this way, in particular, the occurrence of creepage currents and/or current flashovers can be reduced, which could otherwise overcome the insulation distance provided solely by the fixing material in the presence of contamination and/or moisture.
- the fixing material and an adjoining section of the housing part are preferably covered with an insulating material on a top side and/or on a bottom side of the bushing.
- the insulating material can be in the form of an insulating disc made from electrically insulating material.
- the insulation material can be formed from an electrically insulating material in the form of a coating, in particular with a casting compound.
- the insulating material can in particular be selected from a glass, a glass ceramic, a ceramic or a plastic, with plastics being preferred.
- the insulation material could also be chosen to be identical to the fixing material.
- the leadthrough is preferably designed as a pressure encapsulation in which a thermal expansion coefficient of the housing part is greater than a thermal expansion expansion coefficient of the fixing material.
- the fixing material which is preferably glass here, is then provided, for example, as a compact made of glass powder and is inserted into the passage opening of the housing part together with the connecting terminal arrangement or at least together with the pipe guide. By heating this arrangement, the fixing material is obtained from the compact, which is vitrified to the walls of the through-opening and the pipe guide. When it cools down, the housing part then contracts more than the fixing material due to the selection of the coefficients of expansion, so that pressure is continuously exerted by the housing part on the fixing material when it is completed.
- the seal is of high quality and remains permanently tight, and in particular remains hermetically tight, even under difficult conditions such as frequent temperature changes and high mechanical requirements.
- the pipe guide is designed and constructed in such a way that the fixing material is supported from the inside in this pressure encapsulation.
- the sleeve section has a thickness which, in combination with the choice of material for the pipe guide, is selected such that the sleeve section can apply sufficient counter-pressure.
- the material of the housing part and the fixing material are preferably selected such that a thermal expansion coefficient of the housing part is at least 20% greater than a thermal expansion coefficient of the fixing material.
- acehause is selected in the range from 12 ⁇ 10 -6 1/K to 19 ⁇ 10' 6 1/K and acias is selected in the range from 9 ⁇ 10 6 1/K to 11 ⁇ 10' 6 1/K.
- the coefficients of thermal expansion of the housing part, fixing material and pipe bushing can also be chosen to be adapted to one another, so that the coefficient of thermal expansion of the fixing material is less than that of the housing part and/or the pipe bushing than 20%, preferably less than 10% and more preferably by less than 5%.
- the first material which is used for the connection terminal, preferably has a lower electrical resistance than the second material, which is used for the pipe guide. Since the connection terminal serves as an electrical conductor in the feedthrough, a material with the lowest possible electrical resistance is preferred. This ensures in particular that the bushing does not heat up excessively, even with large currents.
- the first material has a smaller modulus of elasticity than the second material.
- an elastic deformation of the flexible element can take place even with greater material thicknesses.
- the third material for the flexible element according to variant ii) preferably has a lower modulus of elasticity than the second material of the pipe guide. Furthermore, it is preferred that the third material also has a lower modulus of elasticity than the first material of the connection terminal.
- the first material of the connection terminal is preferably selected from non-ferrous metals such as copper or a non-ferrous metal alloy such as a copper alloy, in particular brass, aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
- connection terminal Preferably, at least one inwardly pointing face of the connection terminal is coated with a contact material to reduce the contact resistance and/or to reduce sparking.
- a contact material to reduce the contact resistance and/or to reduce sparking.
- both end faces can also be provided with such a contact material.
- the Contact materials are characterized by good resistance to oxidation and are also resistant to wear caused by sparks and arcs occurring during switching operations.
- Suitable contact materials include, in particular, silver, gold and platinum. Alloys suitable as contact material include, in particular, silver-nickel and silver-tin oxide.
- the pipe guide is made of the second material.
- the second material is preferably selected from a steel, in particular a ferritic steel, a steel alloy, in particular nickel steel alloys and chromium steels.
- the housing part is preferably made of a metal, with the materials described with reference to the pipe guide also being suitable in principle as the material for the housing part.
- other steels in particular austenitic steels, are also suitable.
- a material with a thermal expansion coefficient that is greater than that of the fixing material used is preferred.
- the second material can also be a composite material which is made up of several layers.
- the choice of a composite material would also be fundamentally conceivable for a separate flexible element or for the connection pin.
- the third material is preferably selected from a non-ferrous metal or a non-ferrous metal alloy.
- suitable materials include copper, copper alloys, especially brass.
- the pipe guide can be designed as a solid component or can be designed as a folded sheet metal part.
- the pipe guide as a Sheet metal part designed, wherein the thickness is increased in the sleeve section by one or more folding of the sheet metal part compared to the section designed as a flexible element.
- the sheet metal part is a one-sided coated bleaching part, wherein the bleaching part is folded and arranged such that a coated side of the sheet metal part points in the direction of a connection with the flexible element or the connection terminal and an uncoated side of the bleaching part points in the direction of the fixing material
- the coating of the sheet metal part can in particular be a nickel layer or another layer which facilitates the connection, in particular with a soldering process. This is particularly advantageous when the sheet metal part is made of steel.
- the coated sheet metal part is preferably always folded and arranged in such a way that the coating does not come into contact with the fixing material. Accordingly, the coated side in the area of the sleeve section is preferably always on the inside and does not border on the fixing material. If the pipe guide is designed with a flange, the coating in the area of this flange preferably points in the direction of the joining partner. The result of this is that the pipe guide can be provided with a surface that promotes welding and/or soldering, even if this does not bond well with the fixing material. By folding the sheet metal part accordingly, the surface most suitable for the connection with the respective joining partner is always adjacent to it.
- a pipe guide designed as a solid component can also be partially coated in order to simplify joining with the flexible element and/or the connection terminal, in particular in a soldering process.
- a nickel layer in particular can also be used here.
- the coating will preferably selectively applied only to the surfaces that are opposite the joining partner. In particular, the surfaces pointing in the direction of the fixing material preferably remain free of the coating.
- connection terminal arrangement is held both mechanically and electrically insulated from the housing part via the fixing material.
- the fixing material is preferably selected from a glass, a glass ceramic or a ceramic.
- a glass is particularly preferably used as the fixing material, the glass being selected from a borosilicate glass, a sodium-barium glass, an alkali glass, a silicate glass or a soda glass.
- Borosilicate glasses and sodium-barium glasses are particularly suitable for customized glazing
- alkali glasses, silicate glasses and soda glasses are particularly suitable for pressure glazing.
- An example of the material selection for the bushing is copper as the first material for the connection terminal, and ferritic steel as the second material for the pipe guide.
- a soda glass, for example, can be used as the fixing material.
- connection terminal arrangement can additionally comprise a further flexible element which is connected to the pipe guide, the flexible element and the further flexible element being connected to the connection terminal on opposite sides relative to the through-opening or merging into it in the case of a one-piece design.
- the further flexible element is also preferably designed essentially in the form of a sleeve and preferably at least partially surrounds the pin section of the connection terminal.
- one of the flexible elements can be oriented towards the top and the respective other flexible element can be oriented towards the bottom, so that the connection terminal can be held from both sides of the housing part.
- the bushings described are particularly suitable for reliably conducting large currents in the range of several amperes, in particular more than 10 amperes and particularly preferably more than 100 amperes, through a hermetically sealed housing.
- a further aspect of the invention is the provision of a housing which comprises at least one of the feedthroughs described herein.
- the housing can be, for example, the housing of an electrical safety device, the housing of a control device such as a relay, or the housing of a battery module.
- a relay which comprises a housing with at least two of the bushings described herein and a contacting device for establishing an electrical connection between the connection terminals of the two bushings.
- the contacting device can in particular comprise an actuator which can be controlled via an electrical signal, so that a current flow between the two connection terminals can be controlled depending on such a control signal.
- An example of such an actuator is an electromechanical actuator with an electromagnet and a movable armature.
- the contacting device can comprise a pyrotechnic actuator, in which an explosive charge can be ignited via an electrical signal, which causes a rapid separation of an electrical connection between the two connection terminals.
- the housing can include further electrical feedthroughs for the passage of the electrical signals.
- the housing of the relay is preferably hermetically sealed, so that the interior of the housing is protected from environmental influences and nothing can escape from the interior of the housing to the outside. This makes it possible to fill the interior of the housing or at least an area around the contacting device with a so-called extinguishing gas.
- the task of such a quenching gas is to quench as quickly as possible an arc that can occur when the electrical contact to the connection terminals is broken.
- Fig. 1 A first embodiment of the implementation in a schematic sectional view from the side
- 2 a second embodiment of the implementation in a schematic sectional view from the side
- FIG 8 shows an exemplary embodiment of a relay with two bushings according to the sixth embodiment in a schematic sectional view from the side.
- FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a bushing 10 with a connection terminal 22.
- the bushing 10 comprises a housing part 12 with a through-opening 14 therein.
- a terminal assembly 20 is passed through this through hole 14 and held therein by a fixing material 16 .
- the fixing material 16 hermetically seals the connection terminal assembly 20 against the walls of the through-opening 14 so that the through-opening 14 is hermetically sealed.
- the connection terminal arrangement 20 comprises a connection terminal 22 and a pipe guide 26 .
- the fixing material 16 for sealing the connection terminal arrangement 20 is arranged between an outer wall of a sleeve section 27 of the pipe guide 26 and an inner wall of the through opening 14, with a first gap 32 being present between an inner wall of the sleeve section 27 and the connection terminal 22.
- the sleeve section 27 is therefore the section of the pipe guide 26 which is arranged directly adjacent to the fixing material 16 within the through-opening 14 .
- the pipe guide 26 has a reduced thickness portion which serves as a flexible member 28.
- the outside diameter of the pipe guide 26 remains unchanged; only the inside diameter is reduced to reduce the thickness, as a result of which the wall thickness of the pipe guide 26 and thus its thickness are reduced in this section.
- a second gap 34 between the flexible element 28 and a cylindrical pin section of the connection terminal 22 is larger than the first gap 32.
- the reduced thickness increases the flexibility of the pipe guide 26, so that the flexible element 28 formed compared to known Bushings with pipe guides can be comparatively short and yet can compensate for a change in the dimensions of the connection terminal 22 caused by temperature fluctuations by elastic deformation.
- connection terminal 22 has a collar 24, which in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1 is designed in the form of two steps, in each of which a diameter of the cylindrical connection terminal 22 increases. Furthermore, the connection terminal 22 at its Top a threaded hole 23 on.
- the threaded hole 23 is designed in particular to establish a connection to an electrical supply line (not shown), the supply line being screwed to the connection terminal 22 .
- other connecting means can of course also be provided instead of the threaded bore 23, or connecting means can be dispensed with, so that the connection terminal 22 has, for example, a flat surface on its upper side, which can be connected to an electrical supply line, for example by soldering or welding.
- the flexible element 28 formed by the area of reduced wall thickness of the pipe guide 26 is connected to a side wall of the first step of the collar 24 of the connection terminal 22 .
- the outside diameter of the first step of the collar 24 is smaller than the inside diameter of the fixing material 16.
- the outside diameter of the second, larger step of the collar is smaller than the inside diameter of the through-opening 14. In further embodiment variants, however, this diameter could also larger than the diameter of the through-opening 14 can be selected.
- the connection is made via a soldered connection 30, although other connection methods such as welding can of course also be used.
- the connection between the flexible element 28 and the collar 24 is also designed to be hermetically sealed, so that the bushing 10 as a whole closes the through-opening 14 of the housing part 12 in a hermetically sealed manner.
- the part of the flexible element 28 lying between the collar 24 and the sleeve section 27 is set up and designed to deform elastically when force is applied, with the first gap 32 and the second gap 34 providing the necessary space for this. In this way, it's particular without one harmful effects of force on the fixing material 16 possible to absorb the force generated by thermal expansion of the connection terminal 22 via an elastic change in shape of the flexible element 28 . Such thermal expansion can occur in particular when the connection terminal 22 is subjected to high electrical currents and heats up due to the electrical resistance that is present.
- a wall thickness of the pipe guide 26 in the sleeve section 27 is advantageously not reduced, so that the stirring guide 26, the fixing material 16 and the housing part 12 can form a pressure encapsulation in which a coefficient of thermal expansion of the housing part 12 is selected to be greater than a coefficient of thermal expansion of the fixing material 16.
- the housing part 12 contracts more than the fixing material 16 and thus exerts pressure on the fixing material 16 .
- the pipe guide 26 with the greater wall thickness in the region of the sleeve section 27 can form the necessary back pressure, while at the same time the flexible element 28 has the necessary elasticity to absorb thermal expansion of the connection terminal 22 .
- connection terminal 22 of the first exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1 is made from a first material and the pipe guide 26 is made from a second material. This allows the material properties to be optimally selected for both parts of the connection terminal arrangement 20 .
- a material with a low electrical resistance can be selected for the connection terminal 22 and a rigid material with a high modulus of elasticity can be selected for the pipe guide 26 and in particular for its sleeve section 27 .
- FIG. 10 A second exemplary embodiment of a bushing 10 is shown in FIG.
- the pipe guide 26 is designed in two pieces, so that the sleeve section 27 and the flexible Flexible element 28 are composed of two parts and are connected to one another via a connection 30, which is designed, for example, as a soldered connection or welded connection.
- a connection 30 which is designed, for example, as a soldered connection or welded connection.
- the portion of the tube guide 26 serving as the flexible member 28 to be made of a third material and only the sleeve portion 27 to be made of the second material.
- the third material is preferably selected in such a way that it has a lower modulus of elasticity than the second material and can therefore exhibit elastic deformation even when a lower force is applied.
- FIG. 3 shows a third exemplary embodiment of a bushing 10.
- the connecting terminal arrangement is held in the through-opening 14 by means of a fixing material 16 and hermetically seals it.
- connection terminal 22 has a collar 24 on one side, which here, however, has a single-stage design and is arranged flush with one of the end faces of the connection terminal 22 .
- a threaded hole 23 is again arranged in this end face, which allows screwing to an electrical supply line.
- the pipe guide 26 is formed by a coated sheet metal part which comprises a sheet metal 38 with a coating 39 applied on one side.
- the sheet metal part is essentially tubular and surrounds a cylindrical pin section of the connection terminal 22 , a longitudinal axis of the pipe guide 26 running coaxially with a longitudinal axis of the connection terminal 22 .
- the bleaching member forms a sleeve portion 27 of increased thickness at a first end and forms a flange at a second end.
- the bleaching part is designed in such a way that the Coating 39 points inwards in the direction of the cylindrical pin section of the connection terminal 22 and the uncoated side of the sheet metal part accordingly points outwards.
- the sleeve area 27 is obtained by folding the sheet metal part once or several times.
- the sheet metal part is shaped in such a way that the coating 39 of the sheet metal 38 is folded onto one another and is therefore on the inside. Accordingly, the uncoated side of the sheet metal 38 in the sleeve area 27 points in the direction of the fixing material 16.
- the flange is also obtained by forming the sheet metal part, with the coating 39 of the sheet metal 38 pointing in the direction of the collar 24 of the connection terminal 22 and with this via a connection 30, which is designed, for example, as a soldered joint, is connected.
- an outer diameter of the collar is preferably selected to be larger than an inner diameter of the fixing material 16, as shown.
- the diameter of the collar 24 is chosen to be smaller than the inside diameter of the through-opening 14 .
- the outer diameter of the collar 24 can also be selected to be larger than the inner diameter of the through-opening 14 .
- the sheet metal part is not folded between the flange and the sleeve area 27 and forms a section there which is less thick than the sleeve area 27 and which serves as a flexible element 28 .
- a first gap 32 between the sleeve area 27 and the cylindrical pin section of the connection terminal 22 is therefore smaller than a second gap 34 between the flexible element 28 and the cylindrical pin section of the connection terminal 22.
- FIG 4 shows a fourth embodiment of a bushing 10.
- the bushing 10 again has a housing part 12 with a through-opening 14 through which a connection terminal arrangement 20 with a connection port minal 22 and a pipe guide 26 is passed.
- the connecting terminal arrangement is held in the through-opening 14 by means of a fixing material 16 and hermetically seals it.
- connection terminal 22 has a collar 24 on one side, which is also configured in several stages here, with the collar 24 starting from an underside opposite the upper side with a threaded bore 23 a first stage and a second stage, wherein a diameter of the first stage is larger than a diameter of the second stage.
- the collar 24 it would of course also be possible to design the collar 24 differently, for example with only one step, which is arranged flush with the top side of the connection terminal 22 .
- the pipe guide 26 is connected to the collar 24 via a connection 30, which is configured as a soldered connection, for example.
- the pipe guide 26 is designed here in two pieces, with a sleeve section 27 opposite the fixing material 16 being made of the second material and a part serving as a flexible element 28 being made of a third material which has a lower modulus of elasticity than the second material.
- the two parts of the pipe guide 26 are also connected via a connection 30, which is designed, for example, as a soldered connection.
- the pipe guide 26 is arranged in such a way that the flexible element 28 faces the collar 24 .
- the pipe guide 26 is essentially cylindrical overall and surrounds a cylindrical pin section of the connection terminal 22 in such a way that the longitudinal axis of the pipe guide 26 runs coaxially with a longitudinal axis of the connection terminal 22 .
- the dimensions of the collar 24 and the pipe guide 26 are selected here in such a way that the outside diameter of the pipe guide 26 corresponds to the larger diameter of the collar 24 and the two parts thus merge into one another without a step.
- FIG. 5 shows a fifth embodiment of the bushing 10, which is similar to the fourth embodiment of FIG. Deviating from the fourth exemplary embodiment, the diameter of the pipe guide 26 is smaller than the diameter of the collar 24.
- an additional insulating material 36 is provided, which is designed here as two insulating disks.
- a first insulating disk covers a top side of the fixing material 16 and an adjacent part of the top side of the housing part 12 .
- a second insulating disk covers an underside of the fixing material 16 and an adjoining part of the underside of the housing part 12 .
- the insulation material 36 increases a creepage distance between the connection terminal arrangement 20 and the housing part 12, so that the dielectric strength of the bushing 10 is improved.
- the insulating material 36 could also be applied, for example, as an insulating coating.
- FIG. 6 shows a sixth exemplary embodiment of a bushing 10.
- the bushing 10 again has a housing part 12 with a passage opening 14 through which a connection terminal arrangement 20 with a connection terminal 22 and a pipe guide 26 is guided.
- the connecting terminal arrangement 20 is held in the through-opening 14 via a fixing material 16 and hermetically seals it.
- connection terminal 22 here has a collar 24 flush with an upper side with a threaded hole 23 , a sleeve-shaped section of the connection terminal 22 serving as a flexible element 28 adjoining the underside of the collar 24 pointing towards the through-opening 14 .
- the outer diameter of the sleeve-shaped section corresponds to this Example, the outer diameter of the collar 24, but the outer diameter can also be chosen to be smaller, deviating from this.
- the outer diameter of the collar 24 could also be larger than the inner diameter of the through-opening 14 .
- the sleeve-shaped section serves as a flexible element 28 and is connected to a pipe guide 26 via a connection 30 which is designed, for example, as a soldered connection.
- the pipe guide 26 includes a sleeve section 27 which adjoins the fixing material 16 .
- the sleeve section 27 is extended upwards and widens at an end facing the collar 24 to form a connecting flange.
- the pipe guide 26 is connected to the flexible element 28 of the connection terminal 22 at the connection flange.
- the pipe guide 26 is made from a second material which has a greater modulus of elasticity than a first material from which the connection terminal 22 is made.
- forces occurring during thermal expansion of the connection terminal 22 are absorbed via an elastic change in shape of the flexible element 28 of the connection terminal 22 .
- no force resulting from the thermal expansion is transmitted to the fixing material 16 via the tubular sleeve 26 and in particular its sleeve section 27, or such a transmission is at least reduced to an acceptable level.
- sleeve-shaped section of the connection terminal 22 encloses the cylindrical pin section of the connection terminal 22, with a longitudinal axis of the sleeve-shaped section concentric to a Longitudinal axis of the cylindrical pin portion is arranged and there is a second gap 34 between an inside of the sleeve-shaped portion or the flexible element 28 formed by this and the cylindrical pin portion.
- FIG. 7 shows a seventh exemplary embodiment of a bushing 10, in which, similarly to the sixth exemplary embodiment in FIG.
- the section of the connection terminal 22 serving as the flexible element 28 has a smaller outer diameter than the collar 24 and the collar 24 is configured in multiple stages, similar to the exemplary embodiments in FIGS. Furthermore, the pipe guide 26 does not have an area with an enlarged diameter that serves as a connecting flange. In the example shown, the outer and inner diameters of the pipe guide 26 and the flexible element 28 are identical. Since the first material of the connection terminal 22 and thus of the flexible element 28 designed in one piece therewith has a lower modulus of elasticity than the second material of the pipe guide 26, forces occurring due to thermal expansion of the connection terminal 22 are absorbed via elastic deformation of the flexible element 28 and the shape of the pipe guide 26 remains essentially unchanged.
- FIG. 8 shows an example of a relay 200, which is embodied, for example, as a high-performance relay for an electric vehicle.
- the relay 200 includes a housing 100 with a housing part 12 designed as a cover.
- the housing part 12 includes two electrical bushings 10 with connection terminals 22 to which a circuit to be switched by the relay 200 can be connected.
- electrical connectors can be screwed to the connection terminals 22 for this purpose.
- the bushings 10 are designed as described with reference to FIG. Of course, other leadthroughs 10 described herein can also be used.
- a contacting device 110 is arranged inside the housing 100, which is set up to electrically connect the two connection terminals 22 in a first position, so that a current flow is possible, and in a second position to electrically disconnect the two connection terminals 22, so that no current flow is possible.
- the connection terminals 22 can have a contact coating 40 on their end face facing the contacting device 110, which consists of a contact material.
- the contact material for example silver or a silver-copper or silver-nickel alloy, is resistant to oxidation and reduces an electrical contact resistance between the respective connection terminal 22 and the contacting device 110.
- an actuator 120 which is designed as an electromagnetic actuator, is provided in the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG.
- the housing 100 has additional electrical feedthroughs, which are not visible in the sectional view of FIG.
- the contacting device 110 can then be brought into the first position when the electromagnet 122 is energized, so that an electric current can flow between the two connection terminals 22 . If the energization of the electromagnet 122 is terminated, the contacting device 110 can be brought into the second position, for example via a spring 124, so that current flow between the two connection terminals 22 is no longer possible.
- the connection terminals 22 possibly occurring arcing can be provided to fill the interior of the housing 100 with a so-called extinguishing gas. Since the bushings 10 according to the invention are hermetically sealed, the quenching gas cannot escape from the housing 100 .
- a further actuating device is provided for moving the contacting device 110 .
- a pyrotechnic device can be provided (not shown in FIG. 8) which triggers an explosive charge when an igniter is energized, which then quickly transfers the contacting device 110 to the second position in which the connection terminals 22 are electrically separated from one another.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Connections Arranged To Contact A Plurality Of Conductors (AREA)
- Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021126633.5A DE102021126633A1 (de) | 2021-10-14 | 2021-10-14 | Durchführung mit einem Anschlussterminal sowie Gehäuse und Relais mit einer solchen Durchführung |
| PCT/EP2022/077903 WO2023061862A1 (de) | 2021-10-14 | 2022-10-07 | Durchführung mit einem anschlussterminal sowie gehäuse und relais mit einer solchen durchführung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4416750A1 true EP4416750A1 (de) | 2024-08-21 |
Family
ID=84044375
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22797773.3A Pending EP4416750A1 (de) | 2021-10-14 | 2022-10-07 | Durchführung mit einem anschlussterminal sowie gehäuse und relais mit einer solchen durchführung |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20240222055A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4416750A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2024537361A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN118020133A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102021126633A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023061862A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115280456A (zh) * | 2020-03-18 | 2022-11-01 | 肖特日本株式会社 | 气密端子以及使用该气密端子的触点装置 |
| DE102023106157A1 (de) * | 2023-03-13 | 2024-09-19 | Schott Ag | Durchführung mit einem Anschlussterminal sowie Blechgehäuse und Relais mit einer solchen Durchführung |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3210217B2 (ja) * | 1995-08-30 | 2001-09-17 | 株式会社ミツバ | 電磁スイッチにおけるターミナルハウジングの組付け構造 |
| EP0978888B1 (de) * | 1998-08-07 | 2003-05-07 | Japan Storage Battery Company Limited | Batterie mit nichtwässrigem Elektrolyt |
| CN106463309B (zh) * | 2014-06-19 | 2018-10-30 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | 触点装置及使用该触点装置的电磁继电器、以及触点装置的制造方法 |
| JP6425638B2 (ja) * | 2015-10-02 | 2018-11-21 | ショット日本株式会社 | 高容量リレー用パイプリード付き気密端子およびその気密端子を用いたリレー用接点装置 |
| CN107452550B (zh) * | 2016-05-31 | 2019-07-26 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 继电器 |
| EP3561831B1 (de) * | 2018-04-24 | 2022-10-26 | ABB Schweiz AG | Elektrischer schalter |
| JP7170214B2 (ja) * | 2020-03-18 | 2022-11-14 | ショット日本株式会社 | 気密端子およびその気密端子を用いた接点装置 |
-
2021
- 2021-10-14 DE DE102021126633.5A patent/DE102021126633A1/de active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-10-07 WO PCT/EP2022/077903 patent/WO2023061862A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2022-10-07 JP JP2024522286A patent/JP2024537361A/ja active Pending
- 2022-10-07 EP EP22797773.3A patent/EP4416750A1/de active Pending
- 2022-10-07 CN CN202280063729.6A patent/CN118020133A/zh active Pending
-
2024
- 2024-03-20 US US18/610,735 patent/US20240222055A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN118020133A (zh) | 2024-05-10 |
| US20240222055A1 (en) | 2024-07-04 |
| WO2023061862A1 (de) | 2023-04-20 |
| JP2024537361A (ja) | 2024-10-10 |
| DE102021126633A1 (de) | 2023-04-20 |
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