EP4416101A1 - Verfahren zur speicherung von wasserstoff in einem metallischen basismaterial durch direkte wasserstoffanreicherung, sowie dadurch erhältliches wasserstoffhaltiges material und dessen verwendung - Google Patents
Verfahren zur speicherung von wasserstoff in einem metallischen basismaterial durch direkte wasserstoffanreicherung, sowie dadurch erhältliches wasserstoffhaltiges material und dessen verwendungInfo
- Publication number
- EP4416101A1 EP4416101A1 EP22754780.9A EP22754780A EP4416101A1 EP 4416101 A1 EP4416101 A1 EP 4416101A1 EP 22754780 A EP22754780 A EP 22754780A EP 4416101 A1 EP4416101 A1 EP 4416101A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- melt
- base material
- hydrides
- alloy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen; Reversible storage of hydrogen
- C01B3/0005—Reversible storage of hydrogen, e.g. by hydrogen getters or electrodes
- C01B3/001—Reversible storage of hydrogen, e.g. by hydrogen getters or electrodes characterised by the uptaking media; Treatment thereof
- C01B3/0018—Inorganic elements or compounds, e.g. oxides, nitrides, borohydrides or zeolites; Solutions thereof
- C01B3/0026—Metals or metal hydrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen; Reversible storage of hydrogen
- C01B3/0005—Reversible storage of hydrogen, e.g. by hydrogen getters or electrodes
- C01B3/001—Reversible storage of hydrogen, e.g. by hydrogen getters or electrodes characterised by the uptaking media; Treatment thereof
- C01B3/0018—Inorganic elements or compounds, e.g. oxides, nitrides, borohydrides or zeolites; Solutions thereof
- C01B3/0031—Intermetallic compounds; Metal alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B6/00—Hydrides of metals including fully or partially hydrided metals, alloys or intermetallic compounds ; Compounds containing at least one metal-hydrogen bond, e.g. (GeH3)2S, SiH GeH; Monoborane or diborane; Addition complexes thereof
- C01B6/04—Hydrides of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, beryllium or magnesium; Addition complexes thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B6/00—Hydrides of metals including fully or partially hydrided metals, alloys or intermetallic compounds ; Compounds containing at least one metal-hydrogen bond, e.g. (GeH3)2S, SiH GeH; Monoborane or diborane; Addition complexes thereof
- C01B6/06—Hydrides of aluminium, gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin, lead, arsenic, antimony, bismuth or polonium; Monoborane; Diborane; Addition complexes thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B6/00—Hydrides of metals including fully or partially hydrided metals, alloys or intermetallic compounds ; Compounds containing at least one metal-hydrogen bond, e.g. (GeH3)2S, SiH GeH; Monoborane or diborane; Addition complexes thereof
- C01B6/24—Hydrides containing at least two metals; Addition complexes thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
- C22C23/02—Alloys based on magnesium with aluminium as the next major constituent
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for storing hydrogen in a metallic base material by direct hydrogen enrichment of the base material, which is in the liquid or gaseous state, and subsequent rapid solidification.
- An Al-Mg alloy or Al or Mg is used as the metallic base material.
- the invention also relates to the hydrogen-containing material which can be obtained by the process according to the invention and which contains hydrogen in the form of metal hydrides.
- the invention also relates to the use of the hydrogen-containing material to provide hydrogen by releasing the hydrogen from the material.
- a well-known energy concept for storing electricity is based on the use of hydrogen as an energy carrier.
- the electricity supplied by renewable energy sources, especially during temporary electricity surpluses, is used to produce hydrogen (usually by electrolysis of water).
- the hydrogen produced in this way can be stored in suitable storage facilities for a short or long term and finally converted back into electricity (e.g. using fuel cells) or used in other ways (e.g. methanation, combustion) .
- Hydrogen can either be stored in gaseous form in pressure accumulators or, after low-temperature liquefaction, in suitable cryogenic containers. Disadvantages are the high weight of the storage tanks, the risk of hydrogen leaks and the energy required for low-temperature cooling. Because of these disadvantages, the hydrogen storage devices mentioned above are uneconomical and, above all, not very suitable or unsuitable for mobile applications, for example in vehicles.
- metal hydrides are generally produced in such a way that the metal in question is brought into contact with hydrogen in the solid state, so that this can be converted into the Metal can diffuse into it. As a result, a hydride layer forms on the metal surface. However, the growing hydride layer makes it more difficult for the hydrogen to diffuse into the interior of the metal.
- the object of the present invention was therefore to provide a production method for a hydrogen-containing storage material and a hydrogen-containing storage material which avoids or reduces the aforementioned disadvantages, but in particular enables improved hydrogen enrichment in the form of metal hydrides.
- the object is achieved by a method according to the main claim and by a hydrogen-containing material according to claim 12, as well as by the embodiments specified in the further patent claims and in the following description.
- the method according to the invention serves to store hydrogen in a metallic base material with the formation of metal hydrides.
- the metallic base material used in the process is
- the method has the following steps: a) supply of H 2 into a melt of the base material in order to enrich the base material with H 2 , the H 2 supply taking place at a temperature which
- an Al-Mg alloy is at least as high as the solidus temperature of the Al-Mg alloy, or - if an Al or Mg melt is used, is at least as high as the melting temperature of aluminum or magnesium; b) Rapid, preferably ultra-rapid, cooling of the melt in order to solidify the melt.
- an Al-Mg alloy or aluminum or magnesium is used as the metallic base material.
- the base material can contain customary or unavoidable admixtures (accompanying elements), with the proportion of such admixtures preferably being limited to a maximum of 5% by weight in total, in particular to a maximum of 2% by weight, in each case based on the base material as a whole.
- Such additions are Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn.
- the base material thus consists of Al and Mg or of Al or Mg, each with the usual or unavoidable additions. Al and/or Mg with a purity of at least 99% by weight is preferably used to produce the base material.
- the Al/Mg ratio can be varied as desired.
- the Al/Mg ratio (based on the percentages by weight) includes all combinations between 99.99% Al at 0.01% Mg and 0.01% Al at 99.99% Mg, preferably all combinations between 99 %Al at 1% Mg and 1% Al at 99% Mg, more preferably all combinations between 95% Al at 5% Mg and 5% Al at 95% Mg.
- an alloy which has an Al excess can be used as the Al—Mg alloy.
- the Al content of such an alloy is preferably at least 55 % by weight, in particular at least 65% by weight, based in each case on the total content of Al and Mg.
- An alloy which has an excess of Mg can also be used as the Al—Mg alloy.
- the Mg content of such an alloy is preferably at least 55% by weight, in particular at least 65% by weight, based in each case on the total content of Al and Mg.
- all systems and methods for melting metals known to those skilled in the art can be used to generate the melt of the base material, for example electric melting furnaces (e.g. induction furnaces, electric arc furnaces) or melting furnaces heated with fuel (e.g. coke, phit, oil or gas heated furnaces) .
- a plasma reactor plasma melting furnace is preferably used for carrying out the melting process and preferably also for the subsequent hydrogen enrichment. The manner in which the plasma is generated is not important for carrying out the method according to the invention.
- the enrichment of the melt with hydrogen (supply of H 2 ) in step (a) of the method takes place under the action of plasma, in particular using a plasma reactor.
- the previous production of the melt of the metallic base material can also be effected by means of plasma or by means of the melting furnaces already mentioned (induction furnaces, furnaces heated with fuels, etc.).
- exposure to the plasma can lead to the formation of atomic hydrogen.
- the hydrogen present in the atomic state also takes part in the enrichment process.
- step a) of the method hydrogen is supplied to the melt—as indicated in step a) of the method. This leads to the formation of Al-Mg hydrides, Al hydrides and/or Mg hydrides.
- hydrogen-containing gas mixtures can also be used, which contain hydrogen, for example, in combination with argon, nitrogen, neon, xenon, radon or chlorine.
- the hydrogen used is preferably hydrogen that is obtained by using regenerative energies (e.g. by hydrolysis systems that are operated with wind or solar energy).
- regenerative energies e.g. by hydrolysis systems that are operated with wind or solar energy.
- hydrogen can also be used, which occurs or is obtained in chemical processes (e.g. hydrogen from synthesis gas).
- the hydrogen is supplied at a temperature that is at least as high as the solidus temperature of the Al-Mg alloy.
- the Al—Mg alloy is essentially in the molten state or is preferably completely molten during the hydrogen supply.
- the enrichment of the Al-Mg alloy with hydrogen is preferably carried out at a temperature at which the base material (Al-Mg alloy) is completely in the liquid state (ie at or above the liquidus temperature).
- the hydrogen can also be supplied at a temperature which is between the solidus and liquidus temperatures of the respective Al-Mg alloy. Under these temperature conditions, the base material (Al-Mg alloy) is partly in the dissolved and partly in the solid state.
- the hydrogen is supplied at a temperature which is at least as high as the melting point of aluminum or magnesium. This ensures that the aluminum or magnesium is essentially in the molten state or is preferably completely molten during the hydrogen supply.
- the enrichment of Al or Mg with hydrogen is preferably carried out at a temperature at which the base material (Al or Mg) is completely in the liquid state.
- the H 2 supply in step a) is carried out at a temperature which is above the boiling point of the base material (Al-Mg alloy or Al or Mg).
- the base material is present at least partially in vapor form (metal vapor) during the hydrogen supply.
- the temperature can also be selected in such a way that the base material is completely in the form of metal vapor while the hydrogen is being supplied. If the process temperature during the H 2 supply - as stated - is above the boiling point of the respective base material, the reaction of Al and/or Mg with H 2 (with the formation of the respective metal hydrides) in the gas or vapor hase instead.
- the hydrogenation of the base material occurs in the same room or vessel in which the base material is melted.
- the previously produced melt can be conducted or transported to another room or vessel for the purpose of hydrogen enrichment.
- the generation of the melt can take place independently of the implementation of the hydrogen supply.
- the space or container in which the melt of the base material is located during the supply of hydrogen (for hydrogen-enrichment of the base material) is referred to below as the "melt container”.
- the walls of the melting container are expediently made of materials which withstand the temperatures occurring during the implementation of the method and are suitable for the metal melts used in the method according to the invention, and which are essentially impermeable to hydrogen. Materials suitable for this purpose are known to the person skilled in the art.
- the supply of hydrogen for the purpose of enriching the metallic base material with hydrogen (step a) of the process) can generally be brought about by hydrogen being introduced into the melting container, so that hydrogen flows through the melt in the melting container.
- the hydrogen can be supplied from all and in all directions, for example in the vertical direction (in the vertical direction) from top to bottom or from bottom to top, or from a side wall or two or more lateral walls of the melting vessel; different combinations of the aforementioned variants are also possible.
- the hydrogen is generally supplied by means of one, two or preferably more inflow openings which are arranged in a wall of the melting container.
- the inflow opening(s) can also be arranged in two or more walls of the melting container.
- the inflow openings can be connected to a hydrogen storage tank or a hydrolyser via supply lines.
- pumps, valves and other devices known to those skilled in the art can be provided in order to be able to control or regulate the pressure and/or the volumetric flow (flow rate) when the hydrogen is fed into the melting container.
- one, two or preferably more outlet openings for the hydrogen can be provided on at least one wall of the melting container. These outlet openings are expediently fitted in such a way that the metal melt is prevented from escaping undesirably. It is further preferred that the excess hydrogen (“residual hydrogen”) escaping via the outlet openings is collected and recycled via appropriate pipelines.
- a melting container ie the space in which the melt is located
- the H 2 supply takes place at a temperature which is so high that the base material is completely in the liquid state (melt).
- the hydrogen is introduced into the space (and thus into the melt) under pressure, while the melt container is sealed in a hydrogen-tight manner. Since the hydrogen solubility in the melt increases with increasing temperature and pressure, the hydrogen enrichment of the base material (Al-Mg alloy, or Al or Mg) can be increased by increasing the temperature of the melt and/or the pressure in the melting container becomes.
- the melt is preferably exposed to an overpressure during the H 2 supply.
- the excess pressure (based on the ambient pressure) is preferably 100 Pa or higher, in particular 1 kPa or higher; even higher pressures can also be considered.
- a melting container is used which allows the free escape (e.g. by means of outlet openings as mentioned above) of that hydrogen portion which does not remain bound in the melt.
- the H 2 - supply (step a) takes place at a temperature that is so high that the base material is completely in the liquid state (melt).
- a melting container which is equipped with devices (e.g. pipes, pumps, valves) which enable closed circulation of the hydrogen, so that the proportion of hydrogen which is not Melt is added, optionally with the admixture of fresh H 2 is returned to the melting tank.
- devices e.g. pipes, pumps, valves
- the melt is supplied with a steady supply of hydrogen exposed (recycled hydrogen share together with admixture of "fresh" hydrogen).
- the H 2 supply (step a) takes place at a temperature which is so high that the base material is completely in the liquid state (melt).
- the melting tank can also be filled or flown through with an inert gas or an inert gas mixture.
- Inert gases such as nitrogen or noble gases (particularly argon) are particularly suitable as protective gases.
- the melting vessel may be under vacuum (i.e. a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure is established) during the hydrogen feed into the melt, or the pressure in the melting vessel is equal to the atmospheric pressure, or the pressure prevailing in the melting vessel is higher than the atmospheric pressure (overpressure) .
- a melting furnace or melting reactor can be used as the melting container in which the melt of the base material is located and in which the enrichment of the base material with hydrogen takes place.
- the production of the melt of the base material and the tempering of the melt during the hydrogen enrichment can be carried out in a manner known per se by thermal conduction, convection or thermal radiation.
- a plasma furnace plasma melting furnace
- plasma reactor plasma reactor
- Excess regenerative energy can be used to generate the melt (using melting furnaces, plasma reactors, etc.) and to heat up the base material when supplying hydrogen, as well as for a previous production of hydrogen by electrolysis.
- step b) Another essential feature of the method according to claim 1 (step b) is that the melt of the base material is subjected to rapid cooling after enrichment with hydrogen (step a) in order to cause the melt to solidify.
- the melt is preferably subjected to ultra-rapid cooling, the cooling rate being at least 10,000 K/s, preferably at least 100,000 K/s.
- the rapid cooling in particular the ultra-rapid cooling, can result in a higher enrichment of the base material with hydrogen compared to the hydrogen content that would result without the cooling measures mentioned as a result of establishing equilibrium with the surrounding atmosphere. Due to the rapid, preferably ultra-rapid cooling, the through the Hydrogen enrichment will fix the hydrogen content of the base material produced and prevent or at least reduce a possible loss of hydrogen to the environment.
- the rapid, preferably ultra-rapid, cooling has the effect that gaseous hydrogen is also enclosed in cavities (bubbles, pores, etc.) of the solidifying melt.
- a total hydrogen content in the form of hydrides, pores and dissolved H 2 ) of 0.02 cm 3 /100 g (relative to room temperature, ie 20° C.) can be achieved with the method according to the invention.
- an ultra-rapid cooling of the melt is effected by applying the hydrogen-enriched melt in step a) to a rotating body, preferably a wheel, a roller or a disc, made of a material with high thermal conductivity, wherein the rotating body is preferably cooled during this process.
- a cooling fluid (cooling liquid or gases) can be applied to the rotating body from the outside.
- the melt impinging on the rotating body solidifies as a result of the rapid or ultra-rapid cooling and the solidified melt is generally thrown away in particulate form from the rotating body under the action of centrifugal force.
- a hydrogen-enriched base material in particulate form can be obtained as a product in this way.
- High thermal conductivity means, in particular, a thermal conductivity of 100 W/ms or higher, preferably 200 W/irrs or higher understood. Copper, in particular, comes into consideration as a material with high thermal conductivity.
- the hydrogen-enriched melt can be applied to the rotating body, for example, by the melt flowing out through one, two or more openings in the melting container and the outflowing melt hitting the rotating body, for example via a channel.
- the melt is removed from the melting container via one, two or more lines and the jet of liquid is applied to the rotating body via one, two or more nozzles, preferably under pressure.
- each melting container is assigned two or more rotating bodies which are operated simultaneously.
- the rotating body is preferably operated at high rotational speeds.
- the rotational speed is set in such a way that the web speed achieved is greater than 10 m/s, preferably greater than 20 m/s.
- the rotating body referred to is usually in the form of a wheel, roller or drum, each of circular cross-section, with rotation occurring about the respective axis.
- the outer diameter of these bodies can be, for example, 0.5 to 2 m, the length (in the axial direction tion) can be, for example, 0.1 m to 5 m.
- the rotating bodies used are preferably hollow on the inside (e.g. drum) or equipped with cavities.
- the cooling rate can be increased by cooling the rotating body (from the inside or on the surface, for example with water) and/or by cooling the melt coming from the melting container before and during its impact on the rotating body , Preferably by means of a cooling - fluid (z. B. Cooled inert gas).
- a cooling - fluid z. B. Cooled inert gas
- the rapid, in particular ultra-rapid, cooling of the melt mentioned is effected by using a cooling fluid.
- Gases or gas mixtures e.g. inert gases or air
- liquids e.g. water, liquid gases
- the hydrogen-enriched melt can be sprayed into a cooling fluid or injected into the cooling fluid by means of a nozzle, with the melt droplets produced thereby solidifying into melt particles.
- step b) The cooling of the melt mentioned in claim 1 (step b) can be carried out in ordinary air atmosphere. According to a preferred embodiment, however, this process step is carried out in an atmosphere which stabilizes the Al-Mg hydrides (or Al hydrides, Mg Hydrides) brought about, in particular by the formation of an aluminum oxide layer or aluminum hydroxide layer on the surface of the solidified, hydrogen-containing base material. Corresponding magnesium oxide and magnesium hydroxide layers can also be formed in an analogous manner as stabilizing surface layers.
- the hydrogen-containing material is stabilized by bringing the material into contact with one or more media during the cooling process that are used to form protective layers (e.g. Al-Mg oxides or Al-Mg hydroxides).
- protective layers e.g. Al-Mg oxides or Al-Mg hydroxides.
- the process according to the invention can be carried out both in batch mode (discontinuously) and continuously.
- the inventive method - as specified in the claims and as described above - provides a hydrogen-containing material which contains hydrogen in the form of metallic hydrides, in particular in the form of Al hydrides, Mg hydrides and Al -Mg hydrides.
- the method is therefore not only used to store hydrogen in the metallic base material mentioned, but can also be used generally to produce Al hydrides, Mg hydrides and Al -Mg hydrides.
- the invention thus also extends to a hydrogen-containing material which is obtained when carrying out the method according to the invention or which can be obtained by such a method, the hydrogen-containing material containing hydrogen in the form of Al hydrides, Mg hydrides and Al-Mg-Hybrid contains the.
- the hydrides mentioned could have a stoichiometric or non-stoichiometric composition.
- the hydrides include ternary hydrides with the formula Al x MgyH z and binary hydrides with the formula A1 X H Z or MgyH z , where the indices can be integers, rational numbers (particularly fractional numbers) or else real or complex numbers.
- the types of metal hydrides formed in the process depend on the composition of the base material. When using an Al-Mg alloy as the base material, Al x MgyH z , A1 X H Z and Mg y H z are formed in the Al, when using Al or Mg as the base material the corresponding binary hydrides (A1 X H Z or
- the hydrogen-containing material produced in this way contains hydrogen not only in chemically bound form (as hydrides), but also as gaseous hydrogen, which remains enclosed in the solidified base material due to the aforementioned rapid or ultra-rapid cooling of the melt, in particular in the form of cavities (such as e.g. bubbles or pores) that are embedded in the material.
- the hydrogen-containing material also contains a proportion of dissolved hydrogen, which is dissolved in the base material, due to the aforementioned rapid or ultra-rapid cooling of the hydrogen-enriched melt.
- the term “containing hydrogen” therefore does not refer to chemically bound hydrogen in the form of the metal hydrides mentioned, but also includes the case that hydrogen is contained in the hydrogen-containing material as gaseous hydrogen and/or in dissolved form .
- the hydrogen-containing material according to the invention is advantageously suitable for a wide range of applications.
- the invention therefore also extends to the use of a hydrogen-containing material, which is produced or obtainable by the method according to the invention, for providing hydrogen by releasing hydrogen (e.g. through the action of heat) from the hydrogen-containing material.
- a hydrogen-containing material which is produced or obtainable by the method according to the invention, for providing hydrogen by releasing hydrogen (e.g. through the action of heat) from the hydrogen-containing material.
- This can be done either in stationary systems or in mobile systems (e.g. vehicles), especially in combination with fuel cells.
- the release of hydrogen from the hydrogen-containing material can be caused in particular by the effect of temperature (100° C. or higher), or under the influence of an electromagnetic field or by the effect of certain media which are suitable for the release of hydrogen from metal hydrides are to be effected.
- the aforementioned methods for releasing the hydrogen can also be used in any combination.
- the release of hydrogen can be described by the generic formula A1H 3 ⁇ Al+1.5H 2 .
- H 2 O ZU As an example of media which are suitable for the release of hydrogen from metal hydrides, H 2 O ZU in particular should be mentioned.
- the release of H 2 can be described by the following reaction equation: A1H 3 +3H 2 O ⁇ Al(OH) 3 +3H 2 .
- the metallic base material can preferably be used again in a method for storing hydrogen—as described above.
- the hydrogen-containing material in particular the metal hydrides produced by the method according to the invention, can be used for a wide range of applications, for example for batteries or accumulators (lithium-free), for fuel cells (with Al-Mg hydrides), and as fuel, fuel or fuel (e .g . for rockets, torpedoes, heaters, heating systems) .
- FIG. 1 illustrates a possible method for direct hydrogen enrichment of the base material (corresponding to step (a) of the method according to claim 1) in a schematic representation that is not true to scale.
- the arrows (a) indicate the supply of hydrogen through supply openings (not shown) in the wall (2) of a melting vessel (1). As shown, the hydrogen can be supplied from below, from the side and/or from above.
- the supplied hydrogen flows through the melt (4) of the base material in the interior of the melting vessel (1), which is thereby enriched with hydrogen.
- the excess hydrogen which does not remain in the base material, can escape upwards from the melting vessel (1) via a number of openings (3), as indicated by the arrows (b).
- Fig. 2 illustrates in a schematic representation, which is not true to scale, a possible (and preferred) method to bring about an ultra-rapid cooling of the melt in order to solidify the melt (corresponding to step (b) of the method according to claim 1).
- the hydrogen-enriched melt (7) coming from a melting container is applied by means of a nozzle (6) or another application device to a rapidly rotating wheel or a drum (5) made of a material with a high Thermal conductivity (here: copper) applied in a continuous beam.
- the direction of rotation of the wheel or drum (5) can be seen from the arrows (c).
- the melt (7) hits the surface (mantle surface) of the rotating wheel or the drum (5) approximately at the point indicated by the arrow (8)
- the melt solidifies extremely quickly and the solidified hydrogen-containing material (9) is flung off the rotating wheel or drum (5) by centrifugal force.
- the solidified hydrogen-containing material can then be collected in suitable containers and, if necessary, sent for storage or further treatment.
- Solidified melt H 2 -containing metallic material
- a) supply of hydrogen into the melting vessel b) hydrogen escaping from the melting vessel c) direction of rotation of the wheel (5) or the drum (5).
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021005181.5A DE102021005181B3 (de) | 2021-10-16 | 2021-10-16 | Verfahren zur Speicherung von Wasserstoff in einem metallischen Basismaterial durch direkte Wasserstoffanreicherung, sowie dadurch erhältliches wasserstoffhaltiges Material und dessen Verwendung |
| PCT/EP2022/000072 WO2023061619A1 (de) | 2021-10-16 | 2022-08-03 | Verfahren zur speicherung von wasserstoff in einem metallischen basismaterial durch direkte wasserstoffanreicherung, sowie dadurch erhältliches wasserstoffhaltiges material und dessen verwendung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4416101A1 true EP4416101A1 (de) | 2024-08-21 |
Family
ID=82932544
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22754780.9A Pending EP4416101A1 (de) | 2021-10-16 | 2022-08-03 | Verfahren zur speicherung von wasserstoff in einem metallischen basismaterial durch direkte wasserstoffanreicherung, sowie dadurch erhältliches wasserstoffhaltiges material und dessen verwendung |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250019231A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4416101A1 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20240089664A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN118201870A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102021005181B3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023061619A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3147839C2 (de) | 1981-12-03 | 1983-12-22 | Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich | Magnesiumhaltiges Metallgranulat zur Speicherung von Wasserstoff |
| RU2162258C2 (ru) | 1995-05-08 | 2001-01-20 | Овоник Бэттери Компани, Инк. | ЭЛЕКТРОХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ВОДОРОДПОГЛОЩАЮЩИЕ СПЛАВЫ И АККУМУЛЯТОРЫ, ИЗГОТОВЛЕННЫЕ ИЗ СПЛАВОВ НА ОСНОВЕ Mg |
| US20040065171A1 (en) * | 2002-10-02 | 2004-04-08 | Hearley Andrew K. | Soild-state hydrogen storage systems |
| WO2009109962A2 (en) * | 2008-03-03 | 2009-09-11 | Fredy Ornath | A hydrogen storage tank |
| CN103317128B (zh) | 2013-05-27 | 2016-08-10 | 西北工业大学 | 一种Mg-Ni-La基复合储氢合金粉及其制备方法 |
| CN103526141B (zh) | 2013-09-05 | 2015-03-11 | 华南理工大学 | 一种镁基储氢材料及其制备方法 |
| US20180016139A1 (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2018-01-18 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Hydrogen storage in nanoporous and nanostructured hydride forming metals |
-
2021
- 2021-10-16 DE DE102021005181.5A patent/DE102021005181B3/de active Active
-
2022
- 2022-08-03 EP EP22754780.9A patent/EP4416101A1/de active Pending
- 2022-08-03 KR KR1020247015804A patent/KR20240089664A/ko active Pending
- 2022-08-03 CN CN202280068783.XA patent/CN118201870A/zh active Pending
- 2022-08-03 US US18/701,605 patent/US20250019231A1/en active Pending
- 2022-08-03 WO PCT/EP2022/000072 patent/WO2023061619A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20240089664A (ko) | 2024-06-20 |
| CN118201870A (zh) | 2024-06-14 |
| DE102021005181B3 (de) | 2022-10-06 |
| US20250019231A1 (en) | 2025-01-16 |
| WO2023061619A1 (de) | 2023-04-20 |
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