EP4386128A1 - Appareil ménager à circulation d'eau - Google Patents

Appareil ménager à circulation d'eau Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4386128A1
EP4386128A1 EP23210292.1A EP23210292A EP4386128A1 EP 4386128 A1 EP4386128 A1 EP 4386128A1 EP 23210292 A EP23210292 A EP 23210292A EP 4386128 A1 EP4386128 A1 EP 4386128A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
filter
household appliance
line
drain
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23210292.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Antonio Di Maggio
Uwe Schaumann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EGO Elektro Geratebau GmbH
Original Assignee
EGO Elektro Geratebau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EGO Elektro Geratebau GmbH filed Critical EGO Elektro Geratebau GmbH
Publication of EP4386128A1 publication Critical patent/EP4386128A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06FLAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F39/00Details of washing machines not specific to a single type of machines covered by groups D06F9/00 - D06F27/00 
    • D06F39/08Liquid supply or discharge arrangements
    • D06F39/088Liquid supply arrangements
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06FLAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F39/00Details of washing machines not specific to a single type of machines covered by groups D06F9/00 - D06F27/00 
    • D06F39/08Liquid supply or discharge arrangements
    • D06F39/083Liquid discharge or recirculation arrangements
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06FLAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F39/00Details of washing machines not specific to a single type of machines covered by groups D06F9/00 - D06F27/00 
    • D06F39/08Liquid supply or discharge arrangements
    • D06F39/083Liquid discharge or recirculation arrangements
    • D06F39/085Arrangements or adaptations of pumps
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06FLAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F39/00Details of washing machines not specific to a single type of machines covered by groups D06F9/00 - D06F27/00 
    • D06F39/10Filtering arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a water-conducting household appliance, in particular a washing machine, wherein the household appliance has a water tank with a treatment chamber therein and a downward drain, a pump, a filter and a water guide.
  • Another filter device for a washing machine is from the EN 102019203809 B3 This filter device can easily be backwashed for cleaning.
  • the invention is based on the object of creating a water-conducting household appliance as mentioned above, with which problems of the prior art can be solved and in particular it is possible to design the structure of such a household appliance to be relatively simple and practical as well as easy to install and repair, whereby desired functions can also be implemented within the household appliance.
  • the water-conducting household appliance has a water tank, in the case of a washing machine often referred to as a so-called tub.
  • a treatment chamber usually in a washing machine the so-called drum, which can be rotated by means of a drive motor.
  • the water tank has a drain at the bottom to allow water to drain away.
  • the water tank advantageously has in particular together with the treatment room, a device for bringing water from above to objects arranged in the treatment room, such as laundry.
  • a pump is connected downstream of the drain, with a filter arranged between the drain and the pump. This has the advantage that larger objects can be filtered out of the draining water that could damage the pump.
  • the water-conducting household appliance has a water supply, which includes water pipes and valves. The pump and the filter as well as the drain can also be counted as part of the water supply.
  • a flexible or bendable flex line that carries water is connected to the drain.
  • This flex line runs at an angle of between 15° and 0° to the vertical from the drain downwards, which is advantageously arranged essentially vertically.
  • a length-adjustable telescopic line is connected to this flex line, which in turn leads to the aforementioned filter.
  • the telescopic line runs essentially horizontally or at an angle of between 0° and 20° to the horizontal.
  • a drain valve is arranged between the telescopic line and the filter, which is preferably designed as a closable valve, alternatively also as a simple check valve. This is explained in more detail below.
  • the filter is arranged behind the drain valve, so that the flow of water to the filter can possibly be adjusted or stopped using the drain valve.
  • the filter is advantageously arranged shortly behind the drain valve, particularly advantageously at a distance of less than 10 cm or even less than 5 cm.
  • the flexible flex line allows the subsequent water supply to be moved, for example it can be arranged in a functional module mentioned above and pulled out, so that a certain amount of freedom of movement is provided. This is particularly advantageous in conjunction with the telescopic line, so that it can be easily telescoped. Furthermore, freedom of movement can be made possible for the water tank due to its usual spring suspension.
  • the flex line allows certain movements or a tolerance, in particular for both the water tank and the telescopic line.
  • the drain valve can be arranged between the telescopic line and the filter in such a way that the drain valve is accessible from the outside after the telescopic line has been detached from the filter, i.e. for cleaning, maintenance, repair or replacement.
  • the telescopic line in particular the flexible line, makes it possible to move the drain valve out of the household appliance, advantageously with an aforementioned solution with a movable functional module, and helpful. This greatly increases the accessibility of the drain valve, making it particularly easy to maintain and/or clean and/or repair.
  • the drain valve or at least one valve seat thereof is arranged at the end of the telescopic line and towards the filter. This almost automatically ensures that the drain valve is accessible after the telescopic line is loosened or separated from the filter.
  • the drain valve can also be designed to form the connection between the telescopic line and the filter, so that separate connecting means such as couplings or the like can be omitted or can be integrated into the drain valve or into the telescopic line.
  • the telescopic line, the drain valve, the filter and the pump can be arranged in a functional module which is independent or designed as an independently manageable movable structural unit.
  • a functional module which is independent or designed as an independently manageable movable structural unit.
  • This structural unit can advantageously be arranged in the lower area of the water-conducting household appliance below the water tank and the treatment room.
  • the flexible line can be connected to one end of the telescopic line so that the two merge directly into one another. This end of the telescopic line towards the flex line can remain largely motionless when the functional module moves so that the length of the telescopic line changes and the other end moves, namely with the functional module.
  • the functional module can be moved forwards out of the household appliance, preferably horizontally.
  • it can in particular be pull-out, for which purpose a corresponding rail guide can be provided in order to store the functional module with the rail guide in the household appliance.
  • the functional module can preferably be designed in such a way that it can be pulled out by at least 50% of its length in a pulling direction.
  • the drain valve can be provided in a separate valve assembly, which can be installed and also removed independently, so that it is arranged between the telescopic line and the filter. It is advantageous that the valve assembly is not visible from the outside and therefore not accessible when the telescopic line is connected to the filter. The valve assembly can therefore also be installed in a watertight manner.
  • the drain valve can be designed as a force-loaded, self-closing check valve. It preferably has a closing body which, for a closed position, can be pressed by means of a force against a valve seat in a direction opposite to a water flow from the treatment chamber and from the telescopic line into the filter.
  • This force can be a separately generated force, for example by means of a spring or an actuator, or alternatively it can be a structurally generated force.
  • this force is generated by the weight of the closing body itself, in particular if the closing body is attached or mounted as a type of valve flap so to speak at an angle.
  • the check valve with the closing body is then designed and mounted in such a way that the closing body is pressed against the valve seat in the closed position solely due to gravity in order to close the check valve.
  • a rotation axis or rotation shaft of the valve flap is advantageously arranged above the valve flap, with the entire valve flap in particular being arranged below it.
  • the drain valve can have an actuator, which can preferably be designed as an electric motor or as an electromagnet.
  • the drain valve has a valve flap that can be moved by the actuator and a valve seat.
  • the closing body can be spring-loaded in the closed position, for which a spring-loaded bearing device can be provided for the closing body.
  • a separate spring can simply rest on the closing body and press it against the valve seat. If water is to flow out of the water tank through the drain, its pressure or weight can be sufficient to press the closing body against the force of the spring to let the water through to empty the water tank and also the drain, in particular the flexible line and the telescopic line. Emptying as completely as possible in this way helps to avoid hygiene problems with remaining or residual water.
  • valve flap and/or the valve seat can be arranged to run in a plane that is at an angle of between 10° and 45° to the vertical. It therefore runs more or less upright.
  • the closing body or an aforementioned valve flap can be rounded, preferably even circular.
  • a valve can be simply designed and integrated into a line that is usually round, in particular the telescopic line.
  • valve flap and/or the valve seat can be designed to be elastic. This can be achieved in particular by designing the shape and/or choosing the material, preferably by using an elastic plastic or rubber.
  • the flexible line is designed as a line in the form of a so-called bellows.
  • a line designed as a bellows has the desired flexibility or mobility, both along its longitudinal direction and in the direction transverse to it.
  • the telescopic line can consist of several individual lines.
  • the individual lines are rigid and have different diameters so that they can be plugged into one another to form the telescopic line for variable length.
  • a seal can advantageously be arranged or attached between two individual lines to an outer individual line, which accommodates an inner individual line and is sealed against it by means of the seal. Such a seal can be an inserted sealing ring, alternatively it can be attached or injected onto one of the two individual lines.
  • a telescopic line preferably has exactly two, three or four individual lines.
  • a washing machine 11 according to the invention is shown as a water-conducting household appliance according to the invention in an embodiment of the invention in a front view.
  • the washing machine 11 has a housing 12 on which a conventional drawer 18 is provided at the top left. This drawer 18 can be pulled out so that detergent, fabric softener and other cleaning agents or additives for a washing process can be added manually for each washing process.
  • the washing machine 11 has an advantageously conventionally designed operating device 22 by means of which an operator can control the washing process or make specifications. Furthermore, information can be displayed for the operator.
  • An aforementioned functional module 30 is arranged at the bottom right of the washing machine 11 and has a front panel 31 on the front. Similar to what is known for the drawer 18 in the prior art, the front panel 31 can also be inserted flush and adjusted into the front 16. It has a handle device or the like to pull it out. A door 12' to a drum 15 is arranged above this.
  • a drum holder 14 is provided as a water container with the rotatable drum 15 in it, whereby a conventional seal D is provided here.
  • the drum 15 is driven by a drive motor 28.
  • an injection nozzle 26 is provided as the aforementioned nozzle or as a water outlet on a seal for the drum 15, which points or reaches into the drum 15.
  • Such injection nozzles 26 are known from so-called circulating washing machines. Through them, water, which is supplied by means of a circulating line 54, can be applied to the drum holder 14 and, above all, to the laundry in the drum 15. However, this is known from the prior art and does not need to be explained further here.
  • the functional module 30 is arranged below the drum holder 14.
  • a supply line 52 leads to the functional module 30 from the bottom of the drum holder 14 as a water container or from a drain 51 on it, which can be designed as an opening or as a short pipe socket.
  • the functional module 30 has several functional units and is designed as an independently manageable structural unit. It can be moved, as will be shown in several embodiments below, and in particular can be moved out of the washing machine 11, either partially or largely or even completely out.
  • the functional module 30 has a circulation pump 33, which can be considered a central component. If this circulation pump 33 can be pulled out with the functional module 30, it is accessible from the outside for repair and/or maintenance.
  • the circulation pump 33 can be designed as previously described and known from the prior art.
  • the functional module 30 has a pump valve 35.
  • This pump valve 35 is advantageously arranged close to the circulation pump 33, possibly also directly attached to it or even integrated into it as a component thereof.
  • further valves or other parts or modules can be arranged in the functional module 30.
  • a filter 40 is connected upstream of the circulation pump 33. This is only shown here in general schematic form as a filter, in detail it is shown in the Fig. 5 and 6 shown.
  • a drain line in the form of the flexible line 52 leads into the functional module 30 and directly into the filter 40. The water filtered there is then passed on, for example to the circulation pump 33.
  • the functional module 30 has an auxiliary module 45.
  • This can be any of the aforementioned auxiliary modules, for example for dosing detergent or other cleaning agents.
  • the function module 30 has a control 48. This is shown here connected to a connection cable 13.
  • the control 48 can either only be used for the function module 30, in particular for the circulation pump 33 and the pump valve 35. However, it can also take over control tasks for the entire washing machine 11, under certain circumstances even for the operating device 22.
  • control 48 can also contain power electronics. It advantageously contains the power electronics for at least the circulation pump 33, possibly also for the drive motor 28 and the operating device 22.
  • control 48 in the functional module 30 can carry out all intelligence and all power electronics as well as power conversion for the washing machine 11. This is a good option because the control 48 is also easily accessible in the event of repairs due to its arrangement in the pull-out functional module 30.
  • the dashed line shows how the functional module 30 can be pulled out with the front panel 31. An extension is shown here at around 60%.
  • a fresh water line 58 leads from the back into the washing machine 11 or into its housing 12. It goes to the functional module 30, preferably directly and as shown here.
  • the supply of fresh water can be controlled internally, for example via a valve similar to the pump valve 35, which is arranged in the functional module 30.
  • Fluid lines or a fluid guide between the individual functional units within the functional module 30 are not shown here, but are easy to imagine.
  • the functional module 30 is preferably arranged so far down in the washing machine because water or washing water can then drain out of the drum 15 or the drum holder 14 through at least part of the filter 40 by itself or automatically due to gravity. This is advantageous for water management and above all for a possible hygienic concept.
  • Fig.3 is a view diagonally from the front into the washing machine 11 similar Fig. 1 and 2 shown.
  • a drain 51 is provided, advantageously simply as an opening.
  • a flexible line 52 is connected to this, which is designed like a bellows. This means that on the one hand it can carry water in a sealed manner, and on the other hand it can compensate for movements in all directions to a certain extent and adjust its length.
  • the flexible line 52 is also designed in such a way that when it is arranged upright at an angle of about 8° to the vertical as shown, no standing water can collect in it or no water reservoir can remain full. This is of great importance for the aforementioned desired hygienic conditions.
  • this flexible line 52 can absorb movements of the usually spring-loaded suspended drum holder 14 with the drum 15 in it. At the same time, it can be seen that it is relatively short, and at this shorter length it has greater flexibility and thus better usability than a hose, even if the hose is flexible. A hose that is wound around would then have the disadvantage that, on the one hand, it cannot have a large diameter and, on the other hand, water could possibly collect here.
  • the flexible cable 52 leads, as can be seen from the schematic diagram shown below, Fig.4 As can be seen, it leads to the rear end of a telescopic line 60. This runs approximately horizontally with a slight incline of approximately 1° to 5° away from the transition to the flexible line 52 so that it can drain on its own. This has proven to be important in the context of the invention for compliance with hygiene requirements.
  • the flexible line 60 leads at the front at a right angle to a valve connection 71 in which the aforementioned drain valve 66 is arranged.
  • the valve connection 71 is the connection to the filter 40 including the filter housing 41 and the screw-on housing cover 42. This filter 40 can be firmly arranged on the functional module 30 and can be pulled forwards with it out of the housing 12 of the washing machine 11.
  • the schematic representation of the Fig.4 shows how water from the drum holder 14 can flow well through the flexible line 52 into the telescopic line 60.
  • the telescopic line 60 consists of an outer tube 62 and an inner tube 64 mounted in it, so it is in two parts here. However, it could easily have more parts, for example a total of three or four parts. This could offer the possibility of an even greater extension when pulled out.
  • the flexible line 52 is connected to the inner tube 64, as the Fig.4 This can be moved telescopically relative to the outer tube 62.
  • the outer tube 62 and the inner tube 64 are sealed against each other, for example by means of a circumferential rubber seal.
  • the telescopic line 60 leads either in one piece or by means of a sealed connection to the valve connection 71 mentioned.
  • This can either be molded onto the filter housing 41, it is advantageously removable as a type of flap. This has the advantage that, as the later figures show, cleaning the drain valve 66 is then easier.
  • the Fig.5 shows this in a section from the front, where it can be seen how the closed drain valve 66 has an inclined valve flap 67.
  • the valve flap 67 is movably mounted in the upper area with a flap axis 68, see also the Fig.7 . In the Fig.5 and 7 In the position shown, it lies sealingly against a The barely visible valve seat 70 can be seen in the Fig.5 When water flows in from the drain 51, the flexible line 52 and the telescopic line 60 fold to the right and upwards, allowing the water to pass through. In the opposite direction, it is sealed or closed as a type of check valve.
  • the drain valve 66 is therefore designed as an automatic check valve.
  • valve flap 67 and/or the valve seat 70 could also be designed with an electric drive, for example an electric motor or electromagnetic.
  • an electric drive for example an electric motor or electromagnetic.
  • a soft plastic or rubber can be injected onto the valve flap 67 and/or the valve seat 70 as a particularly good seal. This is easy to implement, for example as a multi-component injection molding process, and does not pose a problem.
  • an upper filter surface 44 and a lower filter surface 45 are provided in the filter housing 41. Waste water flows through the drain valve 66 first onto the upper filter surface 44, which is therefore advantageously designed as a coarse filter. The water then runs downwards onto the lower filter surface 45, which is advantageously designed as a fine filter. The fine and thus very well filtered water can then exit to the right and rear of the filter housing 41, and can then advantageously flow to the circulation pump 33.
  • the partially sectioned oblique view of the Fig.6 shows how the drain valve 66 can be made accessible with a hinged design of the valve connection 71. For example, it can be cleaned of coarse contaminants, especially socks or the like.
  • FIG.7 A similar view is offered by the Fig.7 .
  • This shows the flap axis 68 even more clearly, by means of which the valve flap 67 is rotatably mounted.
  • the valve flap 67 already rests on the valve seat 70 due to the force of weight alone. If the filter 40 is backwashed at the previously described rear-facing end of the filter housing 41, water flows from the inside against the drain valve 66 or against the valve flap 67, and this closes as a classic function of a check valve, see also Fig.4 This ensures that when backwashing the filter 40 no contaminated water can get into the telescopic line 60 or even further in the direction of the drum holder 14. Furthermore, a certain water pressure can be built up in the filter 40 and cleaning or backwashing of the filter 40 or the filter surfaces 44 and 45 can be carried out particularly well.
  • the sectional view of the Fig.8 shows again how accessibility of the drain valve 66 can be designed.
  • the drain valve 66 can be cleaned from the inside after opening the housing cover 42 and possibly removing at least the upper filter surface 44.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Detail Structures Of Washing Machines And Dryers (AREA)
EP23210292.1A 2022-12-16 2023-11-16 Appareil ménager à circulation d'eau Pending EP4386128A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102022213808.2A DE102022213808A1 (de) 2022-12-16 2022-12-16 Wasserführendes Haushaltsgerät

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4386128A1 true EP4386128A1 (fr) 2024-06-19

Family

ID=88837148

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP23210292.1A Pending EP4386128A1 (fr) 2022-12-16 2023-11-16 Appareil ménager à circulation d'eau

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20240200258A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4386128A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN118207716A (fr)
DE (1) DE102022213808A1 (fr)

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2255709A (en) * 1991-05-15 1992-11-18 So Fine Dishwasher apparatus
EP2123821A1 (fr) * 2008-05-22 2009-11-25 Electrolux Home Products Corporation N.V. Appareil de lavage électroménager
DE202009004799U1 (de) * 2009-05-11 2010-09-23 Hettich Holding Gmbh & Co. Ohg Spülmaschine
EP2324751A1 (fr) * 2009-11-19 2011-05-25 Bitron S.p.A. Lave-vaisselle
EP2443985A2 (fr) * 2012-02-06 2012-04-25 V-Zug AG Appareil ménager doté d'un agencement de filtre dans le système d'écoulement
WO2014067212A1 (fr) * 2012-10-29 2014-05-08 Yang Chengyuan Machine à laver à économie d'eau intégrée
DE102019203809B3 (de) 2019-03-20 2020-07-02 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH Wasserführendes Haushaltsgerät und Verfahren zu seinem Betrieb
US20210071336A1 (en) * 2019-09-09 2021-03-11 Lg Electronics Inc. Washing machine and control method thereof
DE102020213968B3 (de) 2020-11-06 2022-02-17 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH Waschmaschine und Verfahren zum Betrieb einer solchen Waschmaschine
EP4086383A1 (fr) * 2021-04-28 2022-11-09 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH Module fonctionnel pour un appareil électroménager à circulation d'eau et appareil électroménager à circulation d'eau
DE102021209568A1 (de) 2021-08-31 2023-03-02 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH Filtervorrichtung für ein wasserführendes Haushaltsgerät, wasserführendes Haushaltsgerät und Verfahren zum Reinigen der Filtervorrichtung

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3829621A1 (de) 1988-09-01 1990-03-15 Licentia Gmbh Trommelwaschmaschine

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2255709A (en) * 1991-05-15 1992-11-18 So Fine Dishwasher apparatus
EP2123821A1 (fr) * 2008-05-22 2009-11-25 Electrolux Home Products Corporation N.V. Appareil de lavage électroménager
DE202009004799U1 (de) * 2009-05-11 2010-09-23 Hettich Holding Gmbh & Co. Ohg Spülmaschine
EP2324751A1 (fr) * 2009-11-19 2011-05-25 Bitron S.p.A. Lave-vaisselle
EP2443985A2 (fr) * 2012-02-06 2012-04-25 V-Zug AG Appareil ménager doté d'un agencement de filtre dans le système d'écoulement
WO2014067212A1 (fr) * 2012-10-29 2014-05-08 Yang Chengyuan Machine à laver à économie d'eau intégrée
DE102019203809B3 (de) 2019-03-20 2020-07-02 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH Wasserführendes Haushaltsgerät und Verfahren zu seinem Betrieb
US20210071336A1 (en) * 2019-09-09 2021-03-11 Lg Electronics Inc. Washing machine and control method thereof
DE102020213968B3 (de) 2020-11-06 2022-02-17 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH Waschmaschine und Verfahren zum Betrieb einer solchen Waschmaschine
EP4086383A1 (fr) * 2021-04-28 2022-11-09 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH Module fonctionnel pour un appareil électroménager à circulation d'eau et appareil électroménager à circulation d'eau
DE102021209568A1 (de) 2021-08-31 2023-03-02 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH Filtervorrichtung für ein wasserführendes Haushaltsgerät, wasserführendes Haushaltsgerät und Verfahren zum Reinigen der Filtervorrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102022213808A1 (de) 2024-06-27
CN118207716A (zh) 2024-06-18
US20240200258A1 (en) 2024-06-20

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Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC ME MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR