EP4364175A1 - Antrieb zur betätigung einer elektrischen schalteinrichtung und vorrichtung zur netzumschaltung - Google Patents
Antrieb zur betätigung einer elektrischen schalteinrichtung und vorrichtung zur netzumschaltungInfo
- Publication number
- EP4364175A1 EP4364175A1 EP22741575.9A EP22741575A EP4364175A1 EP 4364175 A1 EP4364175 A1 EP 4364175A1 EP 22741575 A EP22741575 A EP 22741575A EP 4364175 A1 EP4364175 A1 EP 4364175A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- drive
- switching
- voltage
- switching device
- power supply
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/02—Housings; Casings; Bases; Mountings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/02—Housings; Casings; Bases; Mountings
- H01H71/0264—Mountings or coverplates for complete assembled circuit breakers, e.g. snap mounting in panel
- H01H71/0271—Mounting several complete assembled circuit breakers together
- H01H2071/0285—Provisions for an intermediate device between two adjacent circuit breakers having the same general contour but an auxiliary function, e.g. cooling, isolation, wire guiding, magnetic isolation or screening
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H2300/00—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H
- H01H2300/018—Application transfer; between utility and emergency power supply
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
- H01H3/40—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using friction, toothed, or screw-and-nut gearing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a drive for actuating an electrical switching device and a device for network switching, more specifically a device and arrangement of a drive for actuating commercially available electrical switching devices from different manufacturers and automatic network switching devices with these for switching from a first main power supply to a second emergency power supply in the event of a power failure of the main power supply for arranging the same in electrical systems.
- Various types of drives are known for actuating electrical switching devices, for example manual drives for on-site operation and motor drives with electric motors and magnetic drives with electromagnets as actuators for remote control. Short switching times can be achieved with electromagnets.
- DE 574857 C discloses a drive for oil switches to be switched on via a toothed rack and gear wheel to engage in a pinion and to be switched off by spring force. Different drive types for switching on and off are disadvantageous.
- DE 102019 122 978 A1 discloses an electric remote drive for actuating a switching device of an electrical system, which has two independently controllable actuators, which are designed as electromagnets and act opposite one another in alternation on a slidably mounted carriage, which has a passage for receiving a first lever arm a rocker arm, wherein a driver rail is attached to a second lever arm of the rocker arm parallel to the longitudinal extension of the top hat rail, the rocker arm being pivotable about a rocker arm axis of rotation which runs parallel to the longitudinal extent of the top hat rail and through a pivot point of the shift knob.
- a disadvantage is the large amount of space required by the oppositely arranged electromagnets and slides, with the result that the drive is larger than the switching device and the standard distance between the top-hat rails of 125 mm in the control cabinet cannot be maintained and is required to be larger, resulting in additional costs.
- Another disadvantage is that the switching movement via the lever arm and rocker arm acts indirectly on the switch and is therefore prone to failure.
- Another disadvantage is that due to the cables present in the control cabinet, considerable load and bending forces act on the remote drive and switching device, causing the DIN rails to bend and moving the remote drives and switching devices attached to them against each other, which can lead to faults.
- EP 1 991 997 B1 discloses an automated control module for an electrical switching device with a rotatable control axis, the control module having a housing with two oppositely aligned electromagnets which are connected to the same slider and the slider has a toothed rack which engages a drive pinion , which is connected to the control axis
- DE 102018 118 329 B3 discloses a method for zero-point switching of a relay, with which the service life of the relay is extended in terms of the number of switching cycles, in that the relay contacts are switched in the region of the zero-voltage crossing of the voltage
- the invention therefore sets itself the task of providing a universal, simple, economical and robust electric drive with variable and short switching times of less than 20 ms (milliseconds) and small dimensions for commercially available switching devices from various manufacturers, in particular for switching devices for installation in electrical installation distribution boards create the dimensions of which are no larger than known switching devices for top-hat rail mounting for installation in electrical installation distribution boards with standard center distances of the top-hat rails of 125 mm so that the space required in such control cabinets can be used optimally.
- Another object is to provide a method and a device for increasing the service life of the switching device.
- the electric drive can also be used to implement automatic mains switchovers with commercially available switching devices, which switch over to a second emergency power supply voltage in the event of a main power supply failure, either with a variable and needs-based switchover delay or without interruption or without arcing
- a drive (1) for actuating an electrical switching device (2) the electrical switching device (2) having a rotatable control axis (3) and movable contacts a drive housing (6) which has means for attachment to a top-hat rail (4), a first electromagnet (7a) with a first translationally movable magnet armature (12a), a second electromagnet (7b) arranged parallel to the first electromagnet (7a).
- Actuating elements (9a, 9b, 9c, 9d) are in mechanical working connection with the adjusting element (5, 21), so that the translational movement of the movable magnet armature (12a, 12b) results in a rotary movement of the shaft (13 ) can be implemented.
- the drive according to the invention is, in particular, electrical and is used for the electrical actuation of a switching device for switching on and off or for automatic mains switching for switching between two power supplies of electrical systems with a rotatable control axis and movable contacts, with devices for transmitting the rotary movement and switching mechanism between the control axis and movable contacts and spring accumulators are present and the drive is connected to the control axis.
- the moveable carriers (8a, 8b) preferably act without fixed mechanical coupling and move them in a mutually translational manner.
- Drive housing (6) and switching device (2) are preferably connected in a form-fitting manner.
- each switching process takes place when the voltage crosses zero via regulated zero-voltage switches via the control unit in the drive housing and the switching processes are monitored via devices present in the drive and devices present on the switching devices.
- the longitudinal axes of the first electromagnet (7a) and of the second electromagnet (7b) are arranged opposite one another and at the same distance from the plane of the control axis (3) of the switching device (2).
- this also comprises an adapter plate (24) provided on the drive housing (6) with means for fastening to the top-hat rail (4), the adapter plate (24) having devices for aligning the drive axis of the drive (1st ) in relation to the control axis (3) of the switching device (2).
- the drive (1) is provided with an adapter plate (24) with an adjustable top-hat rail attachment, via which switching devices (2) with different distances between the control axis - Top-hat rail fastening axis (25) can be used and the drive (1) can be positively connected to the switching device.
- a first alternative development provides that the actuating element is designed as a first toothed rack (9a) on the first movable driver (8a) and as a second toothed rack (9b) on the second movable driver (8b) and the actuating element (5, 21) is designed as a pinion (5), the toothed rack (9a) and the second toothed rack (9b) being in engagement with the pinion (5).
- a second alternative development provides that the actuating element is designed as a first recess (9c) in the first movable driver (8a) and as a second recess (9d) in the second movable driver (8b) and the actuating element (5, 21) is designed as a switching cam (21), the first recess (9c) and the second recess (9d) being in operative connection with the switching cam (21).
- the position of the shift lever (20) and the position of the upper driver and lower driver can be detected by sensors and monitored by evaluating the function of the electric drive and switching device over time. Failures, e.g. shaft breakage, can be detected immediately and the shift levers on the switching device can therefore be used not for switching but for reporting. Via time evaluation between application of the actuating voltage to the electromagnet via voltage measurement and movement of the drivers (8a, 8b) and via sensor (19a, 19b) drive position down and via sensor (18a, 18b) drive position up and position of shift lever (20) via sensor (17a ,
- the switch position sensor (17a, 17b) can be used to indicate the switch position electrically in the drive housing, and the switching time can also be recorded.
- the switching device can be switched on and off as well as the display and message via the control in the drive housing.
- the electromagnets (7a, 7b) can be switched on and off via an electronic spring, consisting of a power supply and a capacitor, so that the current and next switching process takes place reliably in the event of a power failure.
- a device (16) for network switching comprising a first drive (1a) as described above (according to one of claims 1 to 5) and a second drive (1b ), as described above (according to one of the claims 1 to 5), - a locking device (15) arranged between the first drive (1a) and the second drive (1b), two switching devices (2), each of which is located opposite the locking device ( 15) are arranged on the first drive (1a) and on the second drive (1b), the locking device (15) being mechanically actuated via a lever (27) on the first and second drivers (8a, 8b) of the first drive (1a ) of the second drive (1b) acts.
- the drive according to the invention can, in particular, be of modular or compact design.
- the actuation of the electromagnets (7a, 7b) can preferably take place via DC voltage and capacitor storage.
- the maximum switching delay of the mains changeover is 20 ms.
- electronic devices are used to record the current and voltage curve over time at both switching devices and each switching process takes place when the voltage of the respective switching device (2) crosses zero, taking into account the respective switching time via the control device, taking into account the switching time of the electromagnets for switching the switch on and off Drive and the switching time of the switching device and a maximum switching voltage, so that the switching process oscillates around the zero crossing of the voltage.
- a method for operating a drive (1) comprising the steps of a) detecting the voltage at the output of the switching device (2) and the time profile of the switching process of the switching device (2) by means of a first upper sensor (18a) and a second upper sensor (18b) for the drive position up and a first lower sensor (19a) and a second lower sensor (19b) for the drive position down and via a first sensor (17a ) and a second sensor (17a) for the switch position. b) Monitoring the function of the switching device (2) and the drive (1) and reporting any deviations.
- the switching device (2) is controlled and monitored via a control unit in the drive housing (6) of the drive (1) and the devices are used to actuate the switching device (2) for reporting and monitoring via sensors.
- Another embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the contacts continuously oscillate between positive and negative arc ignition voltage via a control device during the zero crossing of the mains voltage with a switching time that corresponds to twice the time between the zero crossing of the voltage and an arc ignition voltage of preferably 20 V.
- a variable switching time (Tschu) of 0.015 s to 0.5 s takes place via the two switching devices (2) by counting the number of zero crossings of the voltage of the main power supply (41) and the zero crossings of the Voltage of the emergency power supply (42) can be changed and the switching voltage at the contacts of both switching devices (2) corresponds to a maximum of a parameterizable arc voltage of at least 20 V, iii) the time profile of the voltage at the output of the transfer switch (43) before the transfer switch after the expiry of Switching time (Tschu) is continued in the same direction.
- FIG. 2 an illustration of a drive 1 according to the invention for switching device corresponding to FIG.
- Figure 3 an exploded view of a two-pole network switching with drives according to the invention 1 and switching devices 2 with locking 15 and arrangement of the control unit 26 for controlling on-site operation
- FIG. 4 an illustration of a two-pole transfer switching system according to FIG. 3 in a compact design with lateral guides for the carriers;
- Figure 6 a time course diagram of the voltage at the output of the transfer switch 43 with an automatic transfer switch 14 from the voltage of the main power supply 42 to the voltage of the emergency power supply 42 with zero voltage switching in the event of a voltage dip in the voltage of the main power supply 41.
- FIG. 1 shows a drive 1 for a switching device 2 arranged on a top-hat rail 4 with a rotatable control axis 3 which acts on the movable contacts of the switching device 2 (not shown).
- the drive 1 consists of a drive housing 6 in which a pinion 5 which can be rotated via the shaft 13 and is connected via the shaft 13 to the control axis of the switching device 29 is arranged on the front side.
- the carriers are guided via the lower guide 11a, 11b and upper guide 10a, 10b in the drive housing perpendicular to the control axis and parallel to one another and are moved alternately by the magnet armatures 12a, 12b of electromagnets via pressure without fixed coupling with them, thus generating a rotary movement on the control axis and the contacts of the switching device switched accordingly.
- the switching position of the switching device 2 is detected via the operating lever switching device 16 via the operating lever switching device 16 and the switching shaft position sensor 17a, 17b and to the operating unit (not shown). transferred so that the function of the mechanical components of the drive 1 are monitored in this.
- the switching device is operated, controlled and monitored via a control unit (not shown) in the upper part of the drive 1.
- the operating elements for on-site operation on the switching device are only used for feedback via the sensors in the drive and are not accessible from the outside due to corresponding covers in the drive .
- FIG. 2 shows an electric drive switching device 1 with switching cam 21 instead of a pinion and rack.
- the electric drive 1 switching device consists of a drive housing 6 in which a switching cam 21 which can be rotated via shaft 13 and is connected via shaft 13 to the control axis of the switching device 3 is arranged on the front side.
- a switching cam 21 which can be rotated via shaft 13 and is connected via shaft 13 to the control axis of the switching device 3 is arranged on the front side.
- drivers 8a, 8b are present with recesses into which the switching cam engages.
- the carriers are guided via the lower guide 11a, 11b and upper guide 10a, 10b in the drive housing perpendicular to the control axis and parallel to one another and are moved alternately by the magnet armatures 12a, 12b of electromagnets via pressure without fixed coupling with them, thus generating a rotary movement on the control axis and the contacts of the switching device are switched in accordance with FIG.
- the drive switching device 1 is fastened to the top-hat rail of the control cabinet via an adapter plate 24 with an adjustable top-hat rail axis 22, thereby compensating for the differences.
- Figure 3 contains an exploded view of a network switchover 14 with two drives 1 according to the invention, consisting of a main current drive 32 and an emergency current drive 33 for two switching devices 2, consisting of a two-pole main current switching device 30 and a two-pole emergency current switching device 31 as well as a locking device 15 and the arrangement of the control unit between the two drives Switching device 1 for controlling, monitoring and reporting the network switching 14 in a modular design without showing the sensors and top-hat rail.
- FIG. 4 shows a two-pole mains switching according to FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of the drive transfer switch 14 drive without zero voltage transfer switch.
- Two DC voltages are generated via the main power supply 34 and the emergency power supply 35 via rectifiers 36 and are coupled via the control network 37 coupling, so that a fault is avoided even in the event of a failure.
- an RC element 38 is arranged as a voltage storage device and the respective electromagnet 7a, 7b is switched on via control 39 and switched off via sensor drive position up 18a, 18b, so that the electromagnet via an in This existing spring moves the magnet armature 12a, 12b back and the driver 8a, 8b remains in the last position due to loose coupling.
- the time profile of the voltage main power 41, the voltage emergency power 42 and the voltage output mains switch 43 is shown in an exemplary, automatic zero-voltage mains switch 40 from the main power supply to the emergency power supply.
- the voltage at the output of the transfer switch 43 corresponds to the voltage of the main power supply 40 and the voltage of the emergency power supply (42) is switched off by the phase shift time (Tv).
- the voltage of the main power supply 41 is shown with 100% mains voltage (100% UN).
- the voltage of the main power supply 41 has dropped to, for example, 80% mains voltage (80% UN), so that the output voltage of the transfer switch 43 is also reduced at time (t2') and with it the functional reliability the connected consumer is no longer guaranteed and the automatic switching device 14 should switch over to emergency power supply at these values, for example.
- the main power supply 41 voltage is switched off at the next zero crossing at time (t3), by calculating the switch-off time (tsa) taking into account the polarity direction of the main power supply 41 voltage, taking into account all time losses of the drive switching device 1 and switching device 2 of the transfer switching device 14.
- the emergency power supply 42 voltage is switched on at the zero crossing at time (t4), by the switch-on time (ts e ) taking into account the polarity direction of the emergency power supply 42 voltage, taking into account all time losses of the drive 1 switching device and switching device 2 of the switching device 14 is calculated and at time (Se) the drive is switched on.
- the switchover time (Tsu) results from the time for an oscillation of the voltage of the emergency power supply 21, which is, for example, 10 ms at a frequency of 50 Hz plus the phase shift (T v ), for example 5 ms at 90 degrees. This achieves a switching time (T u ) of 15 ms.
- main current switching voltage (US C M) and/or emergency current switching voltage (Us ch 2) exceeds an arc ignition voltage of 20 V, for example, the switching times (tsa, tse) are retained and the switching time (T su ) from the respective zero crossing to the time (W ) extended, in which the switching voltage main current (US C M) and/or switching voltage emergency current (Us ch 2) corresponds to the arc ignition voltage.
Landscapes
- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
- Stand-By Power Supply Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021116591.1A DE102021116591B4 (de) | 2021-06-28 | 2021-06-28 | Antrieb zur Betätigung einer elektrischen Schalteinrichtung und Vorrichtung zur Netzumschaltung sowie dazugehörige Betriebsverfahren |
| PCT/IB2022/055953 WO2023275716A1 (de) | 2021-06-28 | 2022-06-27 | Antrieb zur betätigung einer elektrischen schalteinrichtung und vorrichtung zur netzumschaltung |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4364175A1 true EP4364175A1 (de) | 2024-05-08 |
| EP4364175B1 EP4364175B1 (de) | 2025-09-17 |
Family
ID=82547003
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22741575.9A Active EP4364175B1 (de) | 2021-06-28 | 2022-06-27 | Antrieb zur betätigung einer elektrischen schalteinrichtung und vorrichtung zur netzumschaltung |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4364175B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102021116591B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023275716A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN120261189A (zh) * | 2024-01-04 | 2025-07-04 | 施耐德电气工业公司 | 用于开关装置的传动机构和开关装置 |
| DE102024111237A1 (de) * | 2024-04-22 | 2025-10-23 | Bender Gmbh & Co. Kg | Elektrischer Fernantrieb, Fernantriebsanordnung und Fernantriebseinheit zur Betätigung einer elektrischen Schalteinrichtung mit rotatorischer Kraftaufnahme |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN208985875U (zh) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-06-14 | 沈阳斯沃电器有限公司 | 两路电源间快速转换用操作机构 |
| DE102019122978A1 (de) * | 2019-08-27 | 2021-03-04 | Bender Gmbh & Co. Kg | Elektrischer Fernantrieb zur Betätigung einer Schalteinrichtung einer elektrischen Anlage sowie Fernantriebs-Anordnung |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE574857C (de) | 1929-04-12 | 1933-04-20 | Aeg | Antrieb fuer OElschalter mit Freiausloesung |
| FR2581242B1 (fr) * | 1985-04-24 | 1988-08-26 | Telemecanique Electrique | Dispositif de commande electrique adaptable a un dispositif de commutation a deux etats |
| FR2898212B1 (fr) | 2006-03-03 | 2008-05-16 | Socomec Sa Sa | Module de commande automatise pour appareil de coupure electrique et appareil de coupure electrique equipe d'un tel module de commande |
| DE102018118329B3 (de) | 2018-07-30 | 2020-01-30 | Insta Gmbh | Verfahren zum Nullpunktschalten eines Relais sowie Relaisschaltung |
-
2021
- 2021-06-28 DE DE102021116591.1A patent/DE102021116591B4/de active Active
-
2022
- 2022-06-27 EP EP22741575.9A patent/EP4364175B1/de active Active
- 2022-06-27 WO PCT/IB2022/055953 patent/WO2023275716A1/de not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN208985875U (zh) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-06-14 | 沈阳斯沃电器有限公司 | 两路电源间快速转换用操作机构 |
| DE102019122978A1 (de) * | 2019-08-27 | 2021-03-04 | Bender Gmbh & Co. Kg | Elektrischer Fernantrieb zur Betätigung einer Schalteinrichtung einer elektrischen Anlage sowie Fernantriebs-Anordnung |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of WO2023275716A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102021116591A1 (de) | 2022-12-29 |
| WO2023275716A1 (de) | 2023-01-05 |
| DE102021116591B4 (de) | 2024-10-17 |
| EP4364175B1 (de) | 2025-09-17 |
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