EP4354060A1 - Echangeur de chaleur a flux transversal pour le traitement thermique de matieres granulaires - Google Patents

Echangeur de chaleur a flux transversal pour le traitement thermique de matieres granulaires Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4354060A1
EP4354060A1 EP22200873.2A EP22200873A EP4354060A1 EP 4354060 A1 EP4354060 A1 EP 4354060A1 EP 22200873 A EP22200873 A EP 22200873A EP 4354060 A1 EP4354060 A1 EP 4354060A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
cross
chamber
flow heat
sieve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22200873.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hans Schneider
Marcus Korehnke
Hermann Baier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zeppelin Systems GmbH
Original Assignee
Zeppelin Systems GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zeppelin Systems GmbH filed Critical Zeppelin Systems GmbH
Priority to EP22200873.2A priority Critical patent/EP4354060A1/fr
Priority to PCT/EP2023/078240 priority patent/WO2024079208A1/fr
Publication of EP4354060A1 publication Critical patent/EP4354060A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/12—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft
    • F26B17/14—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the materials moving through a counter-current of gas
    • F26B17/1408—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the materials moving through a counter-current of gas the gas being supplied and optionally extracted through ducts extending into the moving stack of material
    • F26B17/1425—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the materials moving through a counter-current of gas the gas being supplied and optionally extracted through ducts extending into the moving stack of material the ducts being perforated and arranged vertically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
    • F26B3/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2200/06—Grains, e.g. cereals, wheat, rice, corn

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cross-flow heat exchanger for the thermal treatment of semolina and/or granular materials according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a heat exchanger is a device that transfers thermal energy from one material flow to another.
  • Such heat exchangers are used, for example, in process engineering plants and can be designed as cross-flow heat exchangers.
  • Cross-flow heat exchangers carry out thermal treatment of powdered and/or granular materials.
  • Such a cross-flow heat exchanger is located, for example, in a recycling plant that processes contaminated bulk material (e.g. granules) so that it can be used as starting material for a new product in subsequent manufacturing or processing processes.
  • the cross-flow heat exchanger usually consists of a process chamber through which the granulate to be tempered is guided in a vertical direction.
  • the process chamber has side nozzles through which an air flow is introduced into the process chamber. The air flow flows around the granulate to be tempered and exits the process chamber on the opposite side.
  • the heat exchanger consists of Essentially consists of a housing with a channel with air-permeable sheets through which the bulk material is passed. There are several nozzles on the side of the housing for the inlet and outlet of the process gas.
  • the structure of the dryer heat exchanger is very complex due to the divided chamber and the numerous nozzles on the sides. It is therefore difficult to control the movement of the granulate within the channel.
  • the interior of the heat exchanger can only be cleaned to a limited extent.
  • the object of the present invention is to design a cross-flow heat exchanger in such a way that it is simpler in construction, carries out a more efficient thermal treatment and is easier to clean.
  • the movement of the granulate should be easier to control with the cross-flow heat exchanger.
  • the invention is characterized by the technical teaching of claim 1.
  • the cross-flow heat exchanger has an air inlet chamber with a chamber housing on the air inlet side, which is closed on one side with a perforated plate, and an air outlet chamber with a chamber housing on the air outlet side, which is closed on one side with a sieve.
  • the cross-flow heat exchanger consists of a housing with a process chamber.
  • the housing has a material inlet and a material outlet for the granular material.
  • the granular material moves from top to bottom within the process chamber and preferably has a fixed bed state.
  • a gas flow flows through the process chamber. The gas flow is introduced via an air inlet chamber, flows through or around the granular material and is discharged from the process chamber again via an air outlet chamber.
  • the air inlet chamber and/or the air outlet chamber are arranged detachably on the housing of the cross-flow heat exchanger. Due to the detachable arrangement, the air inlet chamber and the air outlet chamber can be removed from the housing and easily cleaned. Furthermore, by separating the air inlet and/or air outlet chamber, the process chamber is freely accessible and can also be easily cleaned.
  • the air inlet chamber and/or the air outlet chamber essentially consist of a chamber housing which forms a receptacle for a perforated plate or a sieve.
  • the perforated plate and/or the sieve are preferably detachably connected to the air inlet chamber and/or the air outlet chamber.
  • the chamber housing is preferably box-shaped or cylindrical and closed on one side with a perforated plate or a sieve.
  • the chamber housing thus has a chamber volume for accommodating a certain amount of the tempered gas, with the gas flowing out of the chamber housing of the air inlet chamber through openings in the perforated plate and flowing into the chamber housing of the air outlet chamber through gaps in the sieve.
  • the perforated plate and/or the sieve can be made of one or more parts. Furthermore, the perforated plate and the sieve can have any geometric shape and dimensions. The decisive factor is that the perforated plate and the sieve can be arranged in the chamber housing of the air inlet and air outlet chamber.
  • the air inlet chamber preferably has a perforated plate, which forms an air-permeable separation between the chamber housing of the air inlet chamber and the process chamber.
  • the arrangement of a perforated plate on the air inlet side has the significant advantage that the perforated plate is simple in construction and is therefore relatively inexpensive.
  • the perforated plate only has to be permeable to air so that the gas stream can flow into the process chamber.
  • the perforated plate has several air-permeable openings.
  • the openings are preferably designed in such a way that the gas flow that flows through the pipe into the air inlet chamber forms a certain back pressure and is distributed over the entire air inlet chamber.
  • the air inlet chamber is thus a type of distribution element that distributes the gas flow evenly over the entire height of the process chamber. This makes it easier to control the movement of the granular material and to treat the material thermally more efficiently.
  • the air outlet chamber preferably has a sieve that separates the gas flow from the granular material.
  • the sieve is designed as a slotted sieve, for example. Slotted sieves require little installation space, are low-maintenance and are highly efficient. Slotted sieves of this type are almost blockage-free.
  • the process chamber is formed by the shape of the perforated plate and the shape of the sieve.
  • the air inlet chamber and the air outlet chamber are each connected to pipes that supply or discharge the tempered (heated or cooled) gas flow.
  • the discharged gas flow is fed to another process within the process plant.
  • a storage container for the granular material is arranged above the housing on the product inlet side.
  • the storage container is filled with the granulate via a conveyor line.
  • a dosing device is preferably located in the area of the conveyor line.
  • the storage tank is, for example, firmly connected to the housing of the cross-flow heat exchanger and forms a unit with the housing.
  • the storage tank it is also possible for the storage tank to be designed as a separate unit which is detachably arranged on the housing of the cross-flow heat exchanger.
  • the detachable connection means that the storage tank can be removed from the housing and easily cleaned.
  • the shape of the air inlet and/or the air outlet chambers is adapted to the housing shape of the cross-flow heat exchanger.
  • the housing of the cross-flow heat exchanger is preferably angular and has a rectangular shape, for example.
  • the air inlet and/or the air outlet chamber are also angular and adapted to the housing shape of the cross-flow heat exchanger.
  • the housing it is also possible for the housing to have a cylindrical or round shape.
  • the chamber housings of the air inlet chamber and the air outlet chamber are of the same design. This means that the same chamber housing with the same dimensions can always be mounted on the housing of the cross-flow heat exchanger on both the air inlet side and the air outlet side.
  • the perforated plate and the sieve are detachably connected to the chamber housing so that the perforated plate and/or the sieve can be mounted either in the chamber housing of the air inlet chamber and/or the air outlet chamber.
  • the cross-flow heat exchanger according to the invention is thus of modular design.
  • the cross-flow heat exchanger has a process chamber in the form of a circular ring cross-section or a hollow cylinder.
  • the granular material is introduced into the circular ring-shaped process chamber from above and moves downwards over the entire circumference of the circular ring.
  • the gas flow is introduced either from below and/or from above into the (free) center of the circular ring, with the gas flow flowing through the granular material from the inside to the outside.
  • the process chamber it is possible for the process chamber to have the shape of a circular ring cross-section or hollow cylinder, with the gas flow flowing through the process chamber from the outside to the inside.
  • the slotted screen can be designed, for example, as a screen plate, curved slotted screen, drums or cylinders.
  • the dosing device or dosing devices are used to control the granular material, which moves slowly from the top (material entry) to the bottom (material exit) within the process chamber.
  • the aim is to achieve a fixed bed within the process chamber. This should prevent an air short circuit, in which the air within the process chamber rises upwards against the direction of movement of the granular material, thereby making the movement speed of the individual granules uneven.
  • the dosing device is designed, for example, as a rotary valve, slide valve, dosing screw, double flap, shut-off by means of a handwheel, reel chain, electro-pneumatic shut-off or the like.
  • a dosing device is located on the material outlet side of the cross-flow heat exchanger.
  • the continuous operation of the cross-flow heat exchanger is controlled by the dosing device. This means that the granular material in the process chamber is always present as a fixed bed through which the gas or air flow flows.
  • a dosing device on the material inlet side there is a dosing device on the material inlet side and a dosing device on the material outlet side.
  • the upper dosing device on the product inlet side can be used to regulate the uniform filling of the storage container. At the same time, an air short circuit can also be prevented.
  • the lower dosing device regulates the fill level within the storage container.
  • both dosing devices top, bottom are connected to a control system and are controlled by it.
  • the upper dosing device can be dispensed with if there is a sufficient bulk material bed above the process chamber.
  • the storage container can further comprise a level indicator which measures the level of the granular material within the storage container and controls the upper and/or lower dosing device depending thereon.
  • the air inlet chamber is connected to a temperature control device via a pipe.
  • the heat energy can be generated, for example, using a gas burner, steam generator or hot water with a heat exchanger or electric heating register.
  • the waste heat from other process steps can also be used, for example via a recuperator.
  • the tempered gas can be a heating or cooling gas.
  • the gas can be air, for example.
  • a substance is generally understood to be a semolina and/or granular substance. It is quite possible that the substance contains a certain amount of moisture.
  • the cross-flow heat exchanger according to the invention is preferably part of a process plant.
  • the cross-flow heat exchanger can be combined with a deodorization system which removes volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the recycled plastics in a thermal process in continuous or discontinuous operation.
  • VOCs volatile organic compounds
  • the plastic granulate is first heated to the required process temperature and then flushed with air for a certain residence time in a silo.
  • the air absorbs the volatile foreign substances.
  • the heated exhaust air can be reused as process heat within the process plant. This saves energy costs in particular.
  • the cross-flow heat exchanger 1 consists of a housing 4, on which an air inlet chamber 7 and an air outlet chamber 8 are arranged.
  • the process chamber 5 is located in the housing 4.
  • the housing 4 is rectangular and has a free space 27 through which the gas 19 flows.
  • the storage container 2 is conical, whereby the substance 18 moves slightly in the direction of the process chamber 5. At the same time, the conical shape of the storage container 2 reduces the risk of a short-circuit.
  • the storage tank 2 serves as a reservoir for the cross-flow heat exchanger 1 and ensures that there is always a sufficient amount of the material 18 in the process chamber 5.
  • the housing 4 of the cross-flow heat exchanger 1 forms the basis for the two air inlet and air outlet chambers 7, 8, which are detachably attached to the housing 4 are arranged.
  • the chamber housing 13 of the air inlet and air outlet chambers 7, 8 is identical.
  • the air inlet chamber 7 has a nozzle 23 for connecting a pipe 6.
  • the tempered gas 19 is introduced into the chamber housing 13 of the air inlet chamber 7 via the pipe 6.
  • the air outlet chamber 8 has a nozzle 24 for connecting a pipe 22.
  • the gas 19 is led out of the chamber housing 13 of the air inlet chamber 8 via the pipe 22.
  • Figure 2 shows the cross-flow heat exchanger 1 with a side view.
  • the cross-flow heat exchanger 1 is relatively compact and simple in design.
  • FIG. 3 shows the cross-flow heat exchanger 1 with an exploded view.
  • the cross-flow heat exchanger 1 essentially consists of a housing 4, an air inlet chamber 7 and an air outlet chamber 8. Above the housing 4 there is a storage tank 2.
  • the air inlet chamber 7 consists of a chamber housing 13 into which a perforated plate 9 is inserted.
  • the air outlet chamber 8 also consists of a chamber housing 13 into which a sieve 10 is inserted.
  • the perforated plate 9 and the sieve 10 are detachably connected to the chamber housings 13.
  • the chamber housings 13 of the air inlet chamber 7 and the air outlet chamber 8 are preferably identical, whereby the structure of the cross-flow heat exchanger 1 is relatively simple and can be manufactured inexpensively.
  • the chamber housings 13, 13'13" are box-shaped and can therefore accommodate a certain volume of the gas 19 or the gas flow 20.
  • the perforated plate 9 and the sieve 10 close off one side of the chamber housing 13, 13,', 13". In the assembled state, the Chamber housing 13, 13', 13" is closed, whereby the gas flow 20 can only flow out of the chamber housing 13, 13' through the openings of the perforated plate 9 and flow into the chamber housing 13, 13" through the gaps of the sieve 10.
  • the perforated plate 9 and the sieve 10 are arranged at a distance from each other and form the process chamber 5 for the substance 18 in the space between them.
  • the sieve 10 is designed as a slotted sieve.
  • the openings of the slotted sieve 10 are designed in such a way that the substance 18 is retained and gas 19 can flow through with a gas stream 20.
  • FIG. 4 shows a top view of the cross-flow heat exchanger 1.
  • the gas flow 20 is introduced into the chamber housing 13' on the air inlet side 16 and meets the perforated plate 9 there.
  • the perforated plate 9 is designed in such a way that the gas flow 20 backs up within the chamber housing 13', which causes a homogeneous distribution of the gas flow 20.
  • the gas flow 20 is thus distributed in the chamber housing 13' and released over the entire height of the process chamber 5.
  • the air outlet chamber 8 On the opposite air outlet side 17 is the air outlet chamber 8 with the chamber housing 13" and the sieve 10. After the gas 19 flows through the process chamber 5, the gas flow 20 first hits the sieve 10, which separates the gas 19 from the substance 18. The gas flow 20 is then brought together by the chamber housing 13" and discharged through a pipe 22.
  • the chamber housings 13, 13', 13" therefore act as a distribution element or collecting element for the tempered gas 19.
  • the housing 4 of the cross-flow heat exchanger 1 has numerous reinforcements 21.
  • the reinforcements 21 serve as supports or holding devices for the perforated plate 9 or the sieve 10.
  • FIG. 6 shows the cross-flow heat exchanger 1 according to the invention within a process engineering plant.
  • the cross-flow heat exchanger 1 has a first metering device 3 in the area of the material inlet 25, with which a uniform filling of the storage container 2 with the material 18 is controlled via the pipe 14.
  • a second metering device 11 On the opposite material outlet side 26 there is a second metering device 11, with which the movement of the fixed bed within the process chamber 5 is controlled and the fill level in the storage container 2 is controlled.
  • the cross-flow heat exchanger 1 has a pipe 6 on the air inlet side 16, with which a tempered gas 19 with a gas flow 20 is introduced into the air inlet chamber 7. On the opposite air outlet side 17, the gas flow 20 is discharged via a pipe 22.
  • the cross-flow heat carrier 1 has a round housing 4.
  • the process chamber 5 is located in the housing 4.
  • the perforated plate 9 and the sieve 10 are arranged at a distance from each other and form the Process chamber 5, through which the material 18 moves in the direction of arrow 12.
  • the perforated plate 9 and the sieve 10 thus have a hollow cylindrical shape, with the material 18 moving through the space between them.
  • a hollow cylinder or a hollow cylindrical shape is understood to mean a shape in which a smaller cylinder is cut out of a cylinder. The smaller, cut-out cylinder then forms the free space 27.
  • the free space 27 which forms the air inlet side 16.
  • the tempered gas 19 is introduced into the free space with a gas flow 20, flows through the perforated plate 9, the process chamber 5, and the sieve 10 and is discharged again from the cross-flow heat exchanger 1 on the air outlet side 17.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP22200873.2A 2022-10-11 2022-10-11 Echangeur de chaleur a flux transversal pour le traitement thermique de matieres granulaires Pending EP4354060A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22200873.2A EP4354060A1 (fr) 2022-10-11 2022-10-11 Echangeur de chaleur a flux transversal pour le traitement thermique de matieres granulaires
PCT/EP2023/078240 WO2024079208A1 (fr) 2022-10-11 2023-10-11 Échangeur de chaleur à flux transversal pour le traitement thermique de matériaux sous la forme de gravillon et/ou de granules

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22200873.2A EP4354060A1 (fr) 2022-10-11 2022-10-11 Echangeur de chaleur a flux transversal pour le traitement thermique de matieres granulaires

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4354060A1 true EP4354060A1 (fr) 2024-04-17

Family

ID=83690284

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22200873.2A Pending EP4354060A1 (fr) 2022-10-11 2022-10-11 Echangeur de chaleur a flux transversal pour le traitement thermique de matieres granulaires

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP4354060A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2024079208A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1067372B (de) * 1952-09-03 1959-10-15 Zander & Ingestroem Verfahren zum Trocknen von Getreide
US4424634A (en) * 1981-06-19 1984-01-10 Westelaken C Modular column dryer for particulate material
US5762010A (en) * 1994-06-21 1998-06-09 Groep Danis, Naamloze Vennootschap Method and device for processing waste having a calorific value
EP1019663A1 (fr) 1997-10-01 2000-07-19 Bühler Ag Echangeur thermique-sechoir
DE102013108361A1 (de) * 2013-08-02 2015-02-05 ATEF.ONE GmbH Vorrichtung, Anlage und Verfahren zur Trocknung von biologischem Schüttgut, insbesondere Hopfen

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1067372B (de) * 1952-09-03 1959-10-15 Zander & Ingestroem Verfahren zum Trocknen von Getreide
US4424634A (en) * 1981-06-19 1984-01-10 Westelaken C Modular column dryer for particulate material
US5762010A (en) * 1994-06-21 1998-06-09 Groep Danis, Naamloze Vennootschap Method and device for processing waste having a calorific value
EP1019663A1 (fr) 1997-10-01 2000-07-19 Bühler Ag Echangeur thermique-sechoir
DE102013108361A1 (de) * 2013-08-02 2015-02-05 ATEF.ONE GmbH Vorrichtung, Anlage und Verfahren zur Trocknung von biologischem Schüttgut, insbesondere Hopfen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2024079208A1 (fr) 2024-04-18

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