EP4345786A1 - Détecteur de fumée et procédé de fonctionnement d'un détecteur de fumée - Google Patents

Détecteur de fumée et procédé de fonctionnement d'un détecteur de fumée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4345786A1
EP4345786A1 EP22198379.4A EP22198379A EP4345786A1 EP 4345786 A1 EP4345786 A1 EP 4345786A1 EP 22198379 A EP22198379 A EP 22198379A EP 4345786 A1 EP4345786 A1 EP 4345786A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
smoke detector
smoke
detected
sensor
detection mode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22198379.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Norbert Karl SCHAAF
Tobias Viertel
Christoph Kroh
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Atral Secal GmbH
Original Assignee
Atral Secal GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Atral Secal GmbH filed Critical Atral Secal GmbH
Priority to EP22198379.4A priority Critical patent/EP4345786A1/fr
Publication of EP4345786A1 publication Critical patent/EP4345786A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
    • G08B29/185—Signal analysis techniques for reducing or preventing false alarms or for enhancing the reliability of the system

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a smoke detector and a method for operating a smoke detector.
  • Smoke detectors are well known from the prior art. However, the use of smoke detectors in environments such as the kitchen or bathroom is problematic as false alarms can occur more often due to the development of smoke and/or steam. As a result, smoke detectors are often not installed in such rooms, which is detrimental to safety.
  • a smoke detector for a room, wherein the smoke detector can be operated in one of several detection modes, and wherein the smoke detector is set up to detect a smoke detector based on the signals of a first sensor to determine a presence state indicating the presence of a person in the room and/or to determine, based on the signals of a second sensor, an operating state that can be assigned to an electrical consumer or a group of electrical consumers in the room, and depending on the determined presence state and/or the determined operating state, one of the to activate multiple detection modes.
  • the invention is therefore based on the surprising finding that a smoke detector can be operated reliably even in rooms with natural smoke and/or steam, such as in a kitchen or in a bathroom, by the smoke detector being activated when a person is present and/or during operation an electrical consumer in the room can be at least temporarily switched to a different detection mode.
  • the smoke detector can advantageously be operated in a different detection mode so that no alarm or a modified alarm is triggered when smoke and/or steam is detected.
  • smoke and/or steam that develops during the preparation of a meal and when a person is present (and thus the preparation of the meal is supervised) can be reacted to differently than when no person is present (for example, an unattended cooking pot on the stove) or even when the electrical appliance is switched off completely (and thus the preparation of the meal is presumably not the cause of the smoke and/or steam that has occurred).
  • the signals of a sensor are each digital signals or analog signals.
  • the signals can comprise or represent raw data from the sensor and/or comprise or represent fully or partially preprocessed data.
  • the smoke detector can have a housing in which a separate smoke chamber is divided with a smoke inlet opening, in which measuring electronics are arranged, which detect a smoke event when smoke particles are detected and/or generate an evaluable measurement signal.
  • the smoke detector can be an optical or photoelectric smoke detector and can, for example, work according to the scattered light method to detect the occurrence of a smoke event.
  • a detection mode can advantageously specify to the smoke detector one or more criteria according to which the occurrence of a smoke event is detected, and / or one or more specifications according to which a detected smoke event is treated.
  • such a criterion can be the intensity of the smoke or the duration during which the smoke is continuously detected.
  • a requirement can be that an alarm is triggered immediately upon a detected smoke event or that the volume and/or the alarm tone is changed depending on the duration during which the smoke has already been continuously detected.
  • the number and/or type of criteria by which the occurrence of a smoking event is detected and/or the number and/or type of specifications as to whether and/or how a detected smoking event is treated vary in the individual detection modes.
  • the smoke detector is set up to determine a first presence state based on the signals from the first sensor when a presence, in particular a movement, of a person is detected, and / or to determine a second presence state when a Presence, in particular a movement, of a person is not detected, preferably determining the presence state involves evaluating the signals from the first sensor and determining the presence state based on a result of the evaluation.
  • the first presence state is determined. For example, a person sitting at a kitchen table or standing at a stove with only slight movements can be recognized as being present.
  • the smoke detector is set up so that the operating state is determined in response to the first presence state being determined and preferably that, if the first presence state is not determined, a normal mode is activated as the detection mode and in particular, the operating status is not determined.
  • the multi-stage decision-making process allows the detection mode to be selected particularly efficiently and with fine granularity.
  • the presence state is determined first and when the first presence state is determined, the operating state is then determined.
  • the smoke detector can preferably function as a normal smoke detector (i.e., it can be operated in a normal state as a detection mode).
  • the smoke detector is set up to determine a first operating state based on the signals from the second sensor when one electrical consumer is in operation and/or to determine a second operating state when one electrical consumer is not is in operation, preferably determining the operating state, evaluating the signals of the second sensor and determining the operating state based on a result of the evaluation.
  • the differentiation between the different operating states makes it possible to select and activate a detection mode in a targeted manner.
  • the operation of an electrical consumer can be recognized based on a position of a mechanical or electrical switch, the activation or deactivation of a touch-sensitive control element, the state of a control element and/or a program selection from an operating menu, in particular of the electrical consumer.
  • the smoke detector can therefore be set up to detect this.
  • the smoke detector is set up to determine a power consumption of the one electrical consumer or the group of electrical consumers based on the signals of the second sensor and to determine a third operating state if the determined power consumption is identical to and/or above a defined or definable first threshold value, and/or to determine a fourth operating state if the determined power consumption is identical to and/or below a defined or definable second threshold value, preferably identical to the first threshold value.
  • the smoke detector can be used particularly easily and yet reliably even in existing installations of one or more electrical consumers.
  • the smoke detector can have as operating state (i) only the first or second operating state, (ii) only the third or fourth operating state or (iii) only the first, second, third or fourth operating state or can be set up to detect these.
  • the smoke detector is set up so that the presence state is determined in response to the first and / or third operating state being determined, and preferably that if the first and / or third operating state is not determined a normal mode is activated as the detection mode and in particular the presence state is not detected.
  • the detection mode can be selected particularly efficiently and in a fine-grained manner.
  • the operating state is preferably first determined. And when the first and/or third operating status is detected, the presence status is subsequently detected. Optionally (and preferably only then) otherwise (for example when the second and/or fourth operating state is detected) the normal state of the smoke detector is activated directly. The smoke detector can therefore be set up to do this.
  • the smoke detector can preferably function as a normal smoke detector (i.e. operated in a normal state as a detection mode).
  • the smoke detector is set up so that when the first presence state is detected and either the first and/or the third operating state is detected, an insensitivity mode is activated as the detection mode, in particular at least temporarily, and/or that when the second presence state is detected and either the first and/or the third operating state is detected, a first detection mode and/or the normal mode is activated as the detection mode.
  • the detection mode of the smoke detector By setting the detection mode of the smoke detector to be insensitive when one or more electrical consumers are active and the presence of a If a person has been identified, an alarm and thus a false alarm can be avoided despite smoke and/or steam development in the room. For example, the person can be preparing a meal in the kitchen. Any smoke and/or steam development that occurs can be taken into special consideration due to the insensitivity mode. For example, an alarm can be suppressed or modified, as will be described in more detail below.
  • the alarm can advantageously be triggered in the event of smoke - and/or steam development in the room can be triggered.
  • the absent person for example in a neighboring room, can be reminded that smoke and/or steam is being generated in the kitchen, for example when a meal is being prepared unattended.
  • the insensitivity mode can be activated for a period of 30 minutes or less, preferably 20 minutes or less, preferably 15 minutes or less, preferably 10 minutes or less, preferably 5 minutes or less, and then normal mode can be activated again .
  • the smoke detector is set up to (i) in normal mode (a) a smoke event is detected and / or a smoke alarm is activated, in particular in the event of a detected smoke event, (b) the smoke intensity -Threshold for detecting a smoke event and/or for triggering a smoke alarm in the event of a detected smoke event has a defined or definable value, (c) the time interval during which a detected smoke event must exist in order to trigger a smoke alarm has a defined or definable value and/or (d) when a smoke event is detected, a smoke alarm is triggered immediately, in particular without an additionally provided time delay; and/or (ii) in the insensitivity mode (a) a smoke event is not detected and/or triggering of a smoke alarm, in particular in the event of a detected smoke event, is completely or partially deactivated, (b) the smoke intensity threshold for detecting a smoke event and/ or for triggering a smoke alarm in the event of a detected smoke event,
  • the smoke detector can be set up to continuously monitor for the occurrence of a smoke event and to detect it when a smoke event occurs.
  • the smoke detector can advantageously be operated in the usual way like a conventional smoke detector and, for example, immediately trigger an alarm when a smoke event is detected.
  • the insensitivity mode advantageously makes it possible to carry out the detection of a smoke event less strictly, or at least to deactivate it completely for a time, and/or to only trigger an alarm when a smoke event has been detected when it reaches a certain severity, for example in terms of intensity and/or duration. This can prevent a false alarm, for example if the smoke detector is operated in the kitchen at a time when food is being prepared on a stove in the presence of a person.
  • the smoke detector is set up so that (i) the normal mode is preselected as the detection mode when the smoke detector is switched on, (ii), in particular if the detection mode is other than the normal mode, according to a defined or definable one Time interval is changed from the other detection mode to the normal mode as the detection mode and / or (iii) the presence state and / or the operating state is determined periodically repeatedly, in particular when the smoke detector is in the normal mode as the detection mode and / or including a corresponding selection of the detection mode .
  • the normal mode can be provided as a standard mode and provide a defined initial state for the operation of the smoke detector. It is therefore advantageous to start the smoke detector in the normal mode as the detection mode when it is switched on.
  • the smoke detector can be switched on by inserting a battery or by pressing a switch.
  • the smoke detector is in a detection mode other than normal mode, it is advantageous if the detection mode is switched back to normal mode after a certain time. This allows, for example, a temporary deactivation of a smoke alarm to be automatically canceled again after a period of time has elapsed. This also makes the operation of the smoke detector particularly safe.
  • the smoke detector is therefore preferably set up to do this.
  • the time interval may be 30 minutes or less, preferably 20 minutes or less, preferably 15 minutes or less, preferably 10 minutes or less, preferably 5 minutes or less.
  • the smoke detector has a first interface, which is set up to receive the signals from the first sensor.
  • the smoke detector has a second interface, which is set up to receive the signals from the second sensor.
  • the smoke detector is designed to receive signals from the first and/or second sensor via the first and/or second interface.
  • the first sensor is comprised by the smoke detector and/or is or can be operatively connected to the smoke detector and/or (ii) that the first sensor is an infrared sensor, a motion sensor, a proximity sensor, an RFID sensor, an NFC sensor, a presence sensor and/or an optical sensor, in particular with person detection functionality.
  • the smoke detector can be set up to detect the presence of a person using the sensor data of an RFID sensor and/or a Nearfield Communication (NFC) sensor.
  • NFC Nearfield Communication
  • a person's mobile phone can be detected using the RFID and/or NFC sensor and, if the person's mobile phone is detected, the person's presence can be determined.
  • the optical sensor with person detection functionality can be implemented, for example, by a camera with an image evaluation unit, the image evaluation unit being set up to evaluate the images recorded by the camera and to recognize people thereon and preferably to distinguish them from animals.
  • the camera can have a light-sensitive sensor, for example light-sensitive to light in the VIS or IR.
  • the smoke detector can also be set up to distinguish between the presence of a person and the presence of an animal. This means that only the presence of a person can be reliably detected.
  • the second sensor is included in the smoke detector and/or is or can be operatively connected to the smoke detector, (ii) that the second sensor is a sensor for detecting the active operation and/or electrical power consumption of the one electrical consumer or at least the electrical consumers of the group of electrical consumers, (iii) that the second sensor is or can be provided within a distribution box, on an electrical fuse and/or on a circuit breaker and/or (iv) that the second sensor is inductively coupled to a supply cable of the one electrical consumer or at least the electrical consumers of the group of electrical consumers.
  • the active operation of the consumer can be detected, for example, by measuring the consumption of the electrical consumer, in particular by detecting a power consumption by the electrical consumer become.
  • the smoke detector is therefore preferably set up to carry out a corresponding detection based on the sensor data of the second sensor.
  • the second sensor can advantageously also detect the electrical power consumption of electrical consumers that do not belong to the group of electrical consumers. These can be, for example, electrical consumers in another room and/or electrical consumers whose power consumption is at least largely constant over time and therefore only represents an (in particular known) offset in the detectable or detected power consumption.
  • the senor is inductively coupled to the supply cable, installation is particularly easy, even retrospectively.
  • the one electrical consumer or at least one electrical consumer of the group of electrical consumers is a stove, an oven, a grill, a microwave, an extractor hood, a fan, a blower, a lighting device, such as lighting of the room, and/or a sauna heater.
  • the electrical consumers in the group of electrical consumers are electrical consumers that are protected by a common overcurrent protection device and/or a common circuit breaker.
  • electrical consumers that do not belong to the group of electrical consumers can also be protected via the overcurrent protection device and/or the common circuit breaker.
  • These can be, for example, electrical consumers in another room and/or electrical consumers whose power consumption is at least largely constant over time and therefore only represent an (in particular known) offset in the detectable or detected power consumption.
  • the room has or represents, at least in part, a sauna, a bathroom and/or a kitchen.
  • the object is achieved by the invention according to a second aspect in that a method for operating a smoke detector for and/or in a room is proposed, in particular a smoke detector according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the smoke detector can be operated in one of several detection modes, wherein the method comprises, based on the signals of a first sensor, determining a presence state indicating the presence of a person in the room and/or, based on the signals of a second sensor, determining an operating state that can be assigned to an electrical consumer or a group of electrical consumers in the room. and to activate one of several detection modes depending on the detected presence state and/or the detected operating state.
  • the method is computer-implemented and/or implemented in software, in hardware or a combination thereof.
  • Figure 1 shows a smoke detector 1 according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the smoke detector 1 has a first interface 3, which is designed to receive the signals from a first sensor.
  • the first sensor which is in Fig.1 is not shown, but can be connected to the smoke detector 1 via the interface 3, is a motion sensor.
  • the smoke detector 1 also has a second interface 5, which is set up to receive signals from a second sensor.
  • the second sensor which is in Fig. 1 is also not shown, but can be connected to the smoke detector 1 via the interface 5, is a sensor for detecting an electrical power consumption of an electrical consumer in the form of a stove.
  • the smoke detector 1 can, for example, be provided in a kitchen, in which the electrical consumer is also advantageously located.
  • the smoke detector 1 can be operated in one of several detection modes. This means that one of the several detection modes can be selected, which is then directly activated for the operation of the smoke detector, for example.
  • the detection mode can also be changed and a new detection mode activated.
  • the smoke detector 1 is designed to determine a presence state indicating the presence of a person in the room based on the signals from the first sensor and to determine an operating state that can be assigned to the electrical consumer based on the signals from the second sensor.
  • the smoke detector 1 is also designed to activate one of the several detection modes depending on the determined presence state and the determined operating state.
  • the smoke detector 1 is designed to receive signals from the first and second sensors via the first and second interfaces 3 and 5 and to determine the presence state and the operating state based on the signals.
  • the smoke detector 1 can be operated according to a method according to the second aspect of the invention.
  • Fig.2 shows a flow chart of a method 100 according to the second aspect of the invention.
  • the smoke detector 1 is switched on, for example by inserting a battery and/or operating a switch, and the normal mode is preselected as the detection mode.
  • an operating state that can be assigned to the electrical consumer is determined based on the signals from the second sensor.
  • a first operating state is determined when one electrical consumer is in operation, and a second operating state is determined when one electrical consumer is not in operation.
  • the signals from the second sensor can be evaluated and the operating state can be determined based on a result of the evaluation.
  • a normal mode is activated as a detection mode following 105 in 107. In this case, the presence status is therefore not determined.
  • a presence state indicating the presence of a person in the room is determined following 105 in 109 based on the signals from the first sensor.
  • a first presence state is determined when a presence, in particular a movement, of a person is detected, and a second presence state is determined when a presence, in particular a movement, of a person is not detected.
  • the signals from the first sensor can be evaluated and the presence status can be determined based on a result of the evaluation.
  • the further course of action is decided depending on the established state of attendance.
  • the normal mode is activated as the detection mode following 111 in 113.
  • an insensitivity mode is temporarily activated as the detection mode in 115 after 111. If the smoke detector 1 is in the insensitivity mode for longer than a defined time interval (for example 5 minutes), the detection mode is reset to the normal mode in 117.
  • the presence state is determined periodically repeatedly in 103.
  • the detection mode then remains in normal mode in 107 or 113 or switches first to insensitivity mode in 115 and then back to normal mode in 117. And so on.
  • the smoke detector 1 can therefore work in a normal mode as a detection mode (for example like a conventional smoke detector) when the electrical consumer is switched off. However, when the electrical load is switched on, the smoke detector 1 can work in an insensitive mode as a detection mode if a person is present in the kitchen. In the insensitivity mode, the triggering of a smoke alarm is deactivated.
  • a detection mode for example like a conventional smoke detector

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)
EP22198379.4A 2022-09-28 2022-09-28 Détecteur de fumée et procédé de fonctionnement d'un détecteur de fumée Pending EP4345786A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22198379.4A EP4345786A1 (fr) 2022-09-28 2022-09-28 Détecteur de fumée et procédé de fonctionnement d'un détecteur de fumée

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22198379.4A EP4345786A1 (fr) 2022-09-28 2022-09-28 Détecteur de fumée et procédé de fonctionnement d'un détecteur de fumée

Publications (1)

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EP4345786A1 true EP4345786A1 (fr) 2024-04-03

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EP22198379.4A Pending EP4345786A1 (fr) 2022-09-28 2022-09-28 Détecteur de fumée et procédé de fonctionnement d'un détecteur de fumée

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012217359A1 (de) * 2012-09-26 2014-03-27 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Haushaltsgerät mit Sender
EP3147879A1 (fr) * 2015-09-21 2017-03-29 Tyco Fire & Security GmbH Détection contextuelle d'incendie et vérification d'alarme
US20210158679A1 (en) * 2019-10-25 2021-05-27 Carrier Corporation Adaptive fire detection
EP4006858A1 (fr) * 2020-11-30 2022-06-01 Carrier Corporation Détection d'incendie dans un compartiment occupé

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012217359A1 (de) * 2012-09-26 2014-03-27 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Haushaltsgerät mit Sender
EP3147879A1 (fr) * 2015-09-21 2017-03-29 Tyco Fire & Security GmbH Détection contextuelle d'incendie et vérification d'alarme
US20210158679A1 (en) * 2019-10-25 2021-05-27 Carrier Corporation Adaptive fire detection
EP4006858A1 (fr) * 2020-11-30 2022-06-01 Carrier Corporation Détection d'incendie dans un compartiment occupé

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