EP4339060A1 - Tête d'attelage à accouplement automatique de type scharfenberg - Google Patents

Tête d'attelage à accouplement automatique de type scharfenberg Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4339060A1
EP4339060A1 EP23197197.9A EP23197197A EP4339060A1 EP 4339060 A1 EP4339060 A1 EP 4339060A1 EP 23197197 A EP23197197 A EP 23197197A EP 4339060 A1 EP4339060 A1 EP 4339060A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coupling
shaft
component
output
gear
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23197197.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ovalo GmbH
Original Assignee
Ovalo GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ovalo GmbH filed Critical Ovalo GmbH
Publication of EP4339060A1 publication Critical patent/EP4339060A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G3/00—Couplings comprising mating parts of similar shape or form which can be coupled without the use of any additional element or elements
    • B61G3/16—Couplings comprising mating parts of similar shape or form which can be coupled without the use of any additional element or elements with coupling heads rigidly connected by rotatable hook plates or discs and balancing links, the coupling members forming a parallelogram, e.g. "Scharfenberg" type
    • B61G3/20—Control devices, e.g. for uncoupling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a coupling head for an automatic coupling, in particular for a Scharfenberg coupling, wherein the coupling head has a coupling component which is rotatably mounted about a main axis of rotation and which is designed to interact with a coupling rod of another, in particular the same, coupling head, and wherein the coupling head is pivotally movable has a coupling rod (3) connected to the coupling component, which is designed to interact with a coupling component of the other coupling head.
  • the Scharfenberg coupling is used to automatically couple two rail vehicles to one another. It consists of two identical dome heads that can be automatically coupled together by moving them closer to one another until they reach a stop. Each of the two coupling heads contains a coupling component that is rotatably mounted about a main axis of rotation and is usually designed as a hook disk.
  • the end of a coupling rod, in particular an eyelet rod, is pivotally attached to the rotatably mounted coupling component by means of a swivel joint, the pivot axis of the swivel joint being aligned parallel to the main axis of rotation of the coupling component.
  • each of the eyelet rods can have a so-called eyelet cylinder at its free end, with each of the coupling components also having a hook mouth opposite the swivel joint in relation to the main axis of rotation for receiving the eyelet cylinder of the other eyelet rod.
  • the coupling component is designed as a hook disk, the hook mouth is usually located on its peripheral edge.
  • the two eye cylinders engage in the hook mouths, with the coupling components being in a locking rotational position.
  • you must Rotatably mounted coupling components are each rotated about their main axis of rotation until a release rotation position is reached, until the eye cylinders can come out of the hook mouths.
  • the train coupling has a coupling head, which includes a coupling head housing and a coupling lock with locking mechanism.
  • the dome closure is designed as a twist lock with a dome eyelet and a center piece, the center piece being rotatable about a main axis between a coupled position and an uncoupled position and the dome eyelet having a first end being connected to the center piece so as to be rotatable about a dome eyelet axis.
  • the centerpiece has a mouth which is arranged to receive a second end of a coupling eyelet of a matching coupling head.
  • an electrically operated uncoupling device which comprises an electric motor which is at least indirectly connected to the center piece via a drive connection in order to rotate the center piece from the coupled position into the uncoupled position.
  • the electric motor has an output axis of rotation which is arranged at least substantially radially to the main axis.
  • an angular gear is provided, which forms a drive pinion and a crown gear or bevel gear which meshes with it and whose axis of rotation is parallel to the main axis.
  • a coupling head of the type mentioned which is characterized in that the coupling head has an actuator with an electric drive motor and with a electric drive motor has a three-shaft gearbox connected downstream in terms of drive technology, the output of which is coupled to the coupling component in order to release the coupling component from a coupling rotational position and / or to rotate it into a release rotational position if necessary, driven by a motor, the axis of rotation of the rotor of the drive motor and / or the axis of rotation of the three-shaft gear is or are aligned parallel or coaxial to the main axis of rotation of the coupling component.
  • the coupling component can in particular be designed as a hook disk. However, it is also possible for the coupling component to be designed differently.
  • the coupling component can be a rotatably mounted component on which a coupling rod is articulated and which has a coupling element, in particular a receptacle for a counter-coupling element, for example an eye cylinder, the coupling rod of another coupling head.
  • the output of the three-shaft gear is coupled to the coupling component via a lever arrangement.
  • the lever arrangement can have a transmission rod which, on the one hand, is pivotally connected to the output of the three-shaft gear and, on the other hand, is pivotally connected to the coupling component.
  • the output of the three-shaft transmission can have an output lever, in particular an output lever that is connected in an articulated manner to the transmission rod.
  • a flexspline of the tension shaft transmission can function as an output and have the output lever for coupling to the coupling component.
  • the output of the three-shaft gearbox can be, for example, via a spur gear toothing can be coupled to the coupling component.
  • an output shaft of the three-shaft transmission can have external teeth that mesh with external teeth of the coupling component.
  • a circular spline or a dynamic spline of the tension wave gear can advantageously function as an output and have the external teeth for coupling to the coupling component.
  • the output of the three-shaft gearbox carries the coupling component.
  • Such a design does not require a transmission gear that is connected between the output of the three-shaft gear and the coupling component.
  • a rotational bearing of the output of the three-shaft transmission functions as a rotary bearing for the coupling component.
  • a three-shaft transmission is understood in particular to mean a transmission that has three shafts, each of which functions either as a drive shaft, an output shaft or as a shaft that is held in place (for example relative to a frame or a housing of the three-shaft transmission).
  • the three-shaft transmission can be designed as a tension wave transmission that has a circular spline, a flexspline and a shaft generator, wherein the tension wave transmission can be operated, for example, in such a way that the wave generator acts as a drive shaft, the flexspline as an output shaft and the circular spline as a (for example housing) or frame-fixed) shaft acts.
  • the three-shaft gear can alternatively be designed as a planetary gear, in which, for example, the sun gear acts as a drive shaft and the ring gear acts as an output shaft, while the planet carrier acts as a fixed shaft (for example fixed to the housing or frame).
  • a three-shaft gearbox can also be operated as a summing gearbox, with two of the shafts acting as drive shafts and one of the three shafts acting as an output shaft.
  • a three-shaft gearbox can also be operated as a transfer case, with two of the shafts acting as output shafts and one of the three shafts acting as a drive shaft.
  • a two-shaft gearbox has one shaft that acts as the input shaft and one that acts as the output shaft, and there is no third shaft coupled to the other two shafts that acts as the input shaft, output shaft, or captured shaft.
  • bevel gears also known as angular gears
  • the coupling head has a freewheel.
  • the freewheel can advantageously be arranged in such a way that it decouples the actuator from a rotation of the coupling component during a coupling process.
  • the freewheel can be designed and arranged in such a way that the transmission is not driven back by a coupling process and/or that the rotor of the drive motor is not rotated by a coupling process.
  • Such a design is particularly advantageous because the actuator is decoupled from the hook disk by means of the freewheel and the coupling component is unhindered when necessary, in particular before or during a coupling process (for example driven by a spring device or by the coupling rod of the other coupling head which dips into the coupling head ) can be turned into the locking rotation position.
  • a coupling process for example driven by a spring device or by the coupling rod of the other coupling head which dips into the coupling head ) can be turned into the locking rotation position.
  • the actuator does not have to be driven back in order to transfer the coupling component into the coupling rotational position. This protects the actuator and makes it easier the coupling process.
  • the output of the three-shaft transmission can be coupled to the coupling component via the freewheel.
  • the freewheel can be connected between the output of the three-shaft gearbox and the coupling component.
  • the output of the three-shaft transmission it is also possible, for example, for the output of the three-shaft transmission to include the freewheel.
  • the freewheel can also be arranged in such a way that when the coupling component is transferred from the release rotational position to the coupling rotational position (for example driven by a spring device or by the coupling rod of the other coupling head immersed in the coupling head), it does not support the electric drive motor Three-shaft gearbox decoupled from a rotary movement of the coupling component.
  • the freewheel can be connected between the electric drive motor and the three-shaft gearbox.
  • the drive motor is arranged coaxially to the three-shaft gearbox.
  • the drive motor can have an output shaft which is connected in a rotationally rigid manner to a drive shaft of the three-shaft transmission.
  • an output shaft of the drive motor and a drive shaft of the three-shaft transmission are made in one piece from the same piece of raw material.
  • the drive motor is arranged axially parallel to the three-shaft transmission.
  • a traction drive in particular a belt drive, can be present, which transmits a torque from an output component of the drive motor, for example an output shaft, to a drive component of the three-shaft transmission.
  • the coupling head preferably has a housing which houses at least the coupling component.
  • the housing also houses the actuator at least partially, in particular completely.
  • the actuator is particularly well protected against damage and contamination.
  • the drive motor can be arranged outside the housing while the three-shaft gear is arranged inside the housing.
  • Such a design has the particular advantage that the drive motor is easily accessible, for example for maintenance work, and that electrical lines for supplying the drive motor with energy and/or for controlling the drive motor do not have to be laid into the housing of the coupling head.
  • At least one component of the actuator is connected to the housing in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • at least one component of the actuator is attached, in particular directly, to the housing in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • the three-shaft transmission can be constructed in such a way that one of the shafts of the three-shaft transmission is rotatably mounted relative to another shaft of the three-shaft transmission.
  • the transmission can be, for example, a tension shaft transmission, in which a circular spline is rotatably mounted relative to a flexspline or relative to a drive shaft connected to a wave generator by means of the roller bearing.
  • the voltage wave gear can be designed as a ring gear.
  • the circular spline can be rotatably mounted relative to a dynamic spline by means of the roller bearing.
  • the rolling bearing can in particular be an output bearing of the three-shaft transmission.
  • the three-shaft transmission can advantageously have a drive shaft designed as a hollow shaft. With regard to a compact design, this makes it possible, for example, for an output shaft of the three-shaft transmission to run through the drive shaft.
  • the three-shaft transmission can advantageously have an Oldham clutch.
  • the drive motor can be coupled to the three-shaft transmission via the Oldham clutch.
  • the Oldham coupling can be used to compensate for an axial offset and/or to decouple the three-shaft gearbox and the drive motor from each other with regard to radial movements.
  • the three-shaft transmission can, as already mentioned, be a tension shaft transmission.
  • the voltage wave gear can be designed in particular as a pot gear or as a hat gear.
  • the voltage wave gear can be designed as a ring gear.
  • a circular spline or a dynamic spline of the tension shaft transmission forms the output or is part of the output.
  • a flexspline of the tension shaft gear can form the output or be part of the output.
  • the gearbox can advantageously be, for example, a cycloidal gearbox or a planetary gearbox.
  • an automatic coupling in particular a Scharfenberg coupling, which has two, in particular identical, coupling heads according to the invention that can be coupled to one another.
  • a coupling state of the coupling heads can be released remotely using the actuator.
  • the coupling component of at least one of the coupling heads is rotated into the release rotational position to release the coupling connection, in which the coupling rods are released from the coupling components, so that the coupling heads can be spatially separated from one another.
  • a vehicle in particular a rail vehicle, for example a wagon or a locomotive, which has at least one coupling head according to the invention, preferably two coupling heads according to the invention.
  • a train of several vehicles, in particular rail vehicles, is also particularly advantageous, with immediately adjacent vehicles being coupled to one another by means of an automatic coupling according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a coupling head according to the invention.
  • the coupling head has a coupling component 2 which is rotatably mounted about a main axis of rotation 1 (running perpendicular to the plane of the drawing) and which is designed to interact with a coupling rod 3 of a different, in particular identical, coupling head (not shown in this figure).
  • the coupling head also has a coupling rod 3 which is pivotally connected to the coupling component 2 and is designed to cooperate with a coupling component 2 of the other coupling head (not shown).
  • the coupling head has an actuator 4 with an electric drive motor 5 (not explicitly shown in this figure) and with a Electric drive motor 5 has a three-shaft gearbox 6 connected downstream (not explicitly shown in this figure).
  • the three-shaft gear 6 has an output 7, which is designed as an output lever 8.
  • the output lever 8 is coupled to the coupling component 2 by means of a transmission rod 9 in order to release the coupling component 2, driven by a motor, from a coupling rotational position and/or to rotate it into a release rotational position if necessary.
  • the transmission rod 9 is, on the one hand, pivotally connected to the output lever 8 and, on the other hand, pivotally connected to the coupling component 2.
  • the axis of rotation 10 of the three-shaft gear 6 (running perpendicular to the plane of the drawing) is aligned parallel to the main axis of rotation 1 of the coupling component 2.
  • the coupling head has a housing 12 which houses the coupling component 2.
  • the housing 12 also houses the actuator 4.
  • the actuator 4 is connected to the housing 12 in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • the housing 12 has an insertion opening 13 for the coupling rod 3 (not shown) of another coupling head.
  • the free end of the coupling rod 3 of the other coupling head is designed and intended to engage in a hook mouth 14 of the coupling component 2.
  • the coupling component 2 is rotated from the coupling rotational position into a release rotational position along the direction of rotation illustrated by the arrow 15.
  • the coupling head has a freewheel 11 below the output lever 8.
  • the freewheel 11 is arranged in such a way that it decouples the three-shaft gear 6 and the electric drive motor 5 from a rotation of the coupling component 2 with the opposite direction of rotation (opposite to the direction of rotation illustrated by the arrow 15).
  • Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a detail of a second embodiment of a coupling head according to the invention.
  • the coupling head has an actuator 4 with an electric drive motor 5 and with a three-shaft gearbox 6 connected downstream of the electric drive motor 5.
  • the three-shaft gear 6 is designed as a voltage wave gear in a pot design.
  • the drive motor 5 is arranged axially parallel to the three-shaft transmission. This means that the axis of rotation 10 of the three-shaft gear 6 is arranged parallel to the axis of rotation 16 of the drive motor 5. The axis of rotation 10 of the three-shaft gear 6 and the axis of rotation 16 of the drive motor 5 are also aligned parallel to the main axis of rotation 1 (not shown in this figure) of the coupling component 2 (not shown in this figure).
  • the traction drive 17 which transmits torque from an output component 18 of the drive motor 5, namely an output shaft, to a drive component 19 of the three-shaft transmission 6.
  • the traction drive 17 has a belt 20 as a traction mechanism and a pulley 21, which is connected to the drive component 19 in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • the three-shaft gear 6 has an output 7 which is connected to an output lever 8 in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • the output lever 8 can be coupled to the coupling component 2 (not shown) by means of a transmission rod 9 (not shown in this figure) in order to release the coupling component 2 from a coupling rotational position in a motor-driven manner if necessary and/or into a release rotational position turn.
  • the transmission rod 9 can be pivotally connected to the output lever 8 on the one hand and, on the other hand, pivotally connected to the coupling component 2 be.
  • the three-shaft gear 6 is designed as a voltage wave gear and has a wave generator 22.
  • the wave generator 22 contains an elliptical deformation body 23, which is rotatably mounted within a cup-shaped flexspline 25 by means of a radially flexible wave generator bearing 24.
  • the drive component 19 is manufactured in one piece with the deformation body 23.
  • the cup-shaped flexspline 25 has an external toothing 26 which meshes with the internal toothing 27 of a circular spline 28 at at least two points.
  • the output 7 is rotatably mounted relative to the circular spline 28 by means of a rolling bearing 29. In addition, the output 7 is rotatably mounted relative to the circular spline 28 by means of a further rolling bearing 30.
  • Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a detail of a third embodiment of a coupling head according to the invention.
  • the coupling head has an actuator 4 with an electric drive motor 5 and with a three-shaft gearbox 6 connected downstream of the electric drive motor 5.
  • the three-shaft gear 6 is designed as a voltage wave gear in a pot design.
  • the drive motor 5 is arranged coaxially with the three-shaft transmission. This means that the axis of rotation 10 of the three-shaft gear 6 is arranged coaxially to the axis of rotation 16 of the drive motor 5.
  • the axis of rotation 10 of the three-shaft gear 6 and the axis of rotation 16 of the drive motor 5 are also aligned parallel to the main axis of rotation 1 (not shown in this figure) of the coupling component 2 (not shown in this figure).
  • the output component 18 of the drive motor 5 is manufactured in one piece with the drive component 19 of the three-shaft transmission 6.
  • the three-shaft gear 6 has an output 7 which is connected to an output lever 8 in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • the output lever 8 can be coupled to the coupling component 2 (not shown) by means of a transmission rod 9 (not shown in this figure) in order to release the coupling component 2 from a coupling rotational position in a motor-driven manner if necessary and/or into a release rotational position turn.
  • the transmission rod 9 can be pivotally connected to the output lever 8 on the one hand and pivotally connected to the coupling component 2 on the other hand.
  • the three-shaft gear 6 is designed as a voltage wave gear and has a wave generator 22.
  • the wave generator 22 contains an elliptical deformation body 23, which is rotatably mounted within a cup-shaped flexspline 25 by means of a radially flexible wave generator bearing 24.
  • the drive component 19 is manufactured in one piece with the deformation body 23, although a multi-part design, for example with a drive component 19 that is connected to the deformation body 23 by means of a screw connection or a welded connection, is also possible.
  • the cup-shaped flexspline 25 has an external toothing 26 which meshes with the internal toothing 27 of a circular spline 28 at at least two points.
  • the output 7 is rotatably mounted relative to the circular spline 28 by means of a rolling bearing 29. In addition, the output 7 is rotatably mounted relative to the circular spline 28 by means of a further rolling bearing 30.
  • Figure 4 shows a fourth embodiment of a coupling head according to the invention.
  • the coupling head has a coupling component 2 which is rotatably mounted about a main axis of rotation 1 (running perpendicular to the plane of the drawing), which is designed to interact with a coupling rod 3 of a different, in particular identical, coupling head (not shown in this figure).
  • the coupling head also has a coupling rod 3 which is pivotally connected to the coupling component 2 and is designed to cooperate with a coupling component 2 of the other coupling head (not shown).
  • the coupling head has an actuator 4 with an electric drive motor 5 (not explicitly shown in this figure) and with a three-shaft gearbox 6 connected downstream of the electric drive motor 5 (not explicitly shown in this figure).
  • the three-shaft gear 6 has an output 7 with a first spur gear 31, which is in mesh with a second spur gear 32 of the coupling component 2.
  • the axis of rotation 10 of the three-shaft gear 6 (running perpendicular to the plane of the drawing) is aligned parallel to the main axis of rotation 1 of the coupling component 2.
  • the coupling head has a housing 12 which houses the coupling component 2.
  • the housing 12 also houses the actuator 4.
  • the actuator 4 is connected to the housing 12 in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • the housing 12 has an insertion opening 13 for the coupling rod 3 (not shown) of another coupling head.
  • the free end of the coupling rod 3 of the other coupling head is designed and intended to engage in a hook mouth 14 of the coupling component 2.
  • the coupling head has a freewheel 11.
  • the freewheel 11 is arranged in such a way that it prevents the three-shaft gear 6 and the electric drive motor 5 from rotating the coupling component 2 decoupled in the opposite direction of rotation (opposite to the direction of rotation illustrated by arrow 15).
  • Figure 5 shows a fifth embodiment of a coupling head according to the invention.
  • the coupling head has an actuator 4 with an electric drive motor 5 and with a three-shaft gearbox 6 connected downstream of the electric drive motor 5.
  • the three-shaft gear 6 is designed as a voltage wave gear in a pot design.
  • the drive motor 5 is arranged coaxially with the three-shaft transmission. This means that the axis of rotation 10 of the three-shaft gear 6 is arranged coaxially to the axis of rotation 16 of the drive motor 5.
  • the three-shaft transmission 6 has an output 7 which carries the coupling component 2.
  • the axis of rotation 10 of the three-shaft gear 6 and the axis of rotation 16 of the drive motor 5 are also aligned coaxially with the main axis of rotation 1 of the coupling component 2.
  • the output component 18 of the drive motor 5 is manufactured in one piece with the drive component 19 of the three-shaft transmission 6.
  • the three-shaft gear 6 is designed as a voltage wave gear and has a wave generator 22.
  • the wave generator 22 contains an elliptical deformation body 23, which is rotatably mounted within a cup-shaped flexspline 25 by means of a radially flexible wave generator bearing 24.
  • the drive component 19 is manufactured in one piece with the deformation body 23.
  • the cup-shaped Flexspline 25 has an external toothing 26, which is one with the internal toothing 27 Circular splines 28 mesh in at least two places.
  • the output 7 is rotatably mounted relative to the circular spline 28 by means of a rolling bearing 29.
  • the output 7 is rotatably mounted relative to the circular spline 28 by means of a further rolling bearing 30.
  • the rotational bearing of the output 7 realized by means of the roller bearing 29 is also the rotary bearing of the coupling component 2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
EP23197197.9A 2022-09-16 2023-09-13 Tête d'attelage à accouplement automatique de type scharfenberg Pending EP4339060A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU502810 2022-09-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4339060A1 true EP4339060A1 (fr) 2024-03-20

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EP23197197.9A Pending EP4339060A1 (fr) 2022-09-16 2023-09-13 Tête d'attelage à accouplement automatique de type scharfenberg

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EP (1) EP4339060A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE149727C (fr)
DE102021133227A1 (de) * 2020-12-15 2022-06-15 Voith Patent Gmbh Automatische Zugkupplung
DE102021132991A1 (de) 2020-12-15 2022-06-15 Voith Patent Gmbh Automatische Zugkupplung und Verfahren zum Entkuppeln einer automatischen Zugkupplung

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE149727C (fr)
DE102021133227A1 (de) * 2020-12-15 2022-06-15 Voith Patent Gmbh Automatische Zugkupplung
DE102021132991A1 (de) 2020-12-15 2022-06-15 Voith Patent Gmbh Automatische Zugkupplung und Verfahren zum Entkuppeln einer automatischen Zugkupplung

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