EP4330528A1 - Verfahren zum betreiben einer brennkraftmaschine mit einem gemisch aus ammoniak und dimethylether und brennkraftmaschine hierfür - Google Patents
Verfahren zum betreiben einer brennkraftmaschine mit einem gemisch aus ammoniak und dimethylether und brennkraftmaschine hierfürInfo
- Publication number
- EP4330528A1 EP4330528A1 EP22753698.4A EP22753698A EP4330528A1 EP 4330528 A1 EP4330528 A1 EP 4330528A1 EP 22753698 A EP22753698 A EP 22753698A EP 4330528 A1 EP4330528 A1 EP 4330528A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mixture
- dimethyl ether
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- bar
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0639—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
- F02D19/0642—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions
- F02D19/0647—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions the gaseous fuel being liquefied petroleum gas [LPG], liquefied natural gas [LNG], compressed natural gas [CNG] or dimethyl ether [DME]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
- F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0639—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
- F02D19/0642—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions
- F02D19/0644—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions the gaseous fuel being hydrogen, ammonia or carbon monoxide
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02D19/0668—Treating or cleaning means; Fuel filters
- F02D19/0671—Means to generate or modify a fuel, e.g. reformers, electrolytic cells or membranes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02D19/0684—High pressure fuel injection systems; Details on pumps, rails or the arrangement of valves in the fuel supply and return systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/08—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
- F02D19/082—Premixed fuels, i.e. emulsions or blends
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine with a mixture of ammonia and dimethyl ether and an internal combustion engine therefor.
- ammonia as the primary fuel for an internal combustion engine is that it cannot self-ignite, ie it requires an initial ignition in each operating cycle of the internal combustion engine.
- pilot injection leads to ignition of the pilot injection.
- injectors are provided for each cylinder, one of which injects the self-igniting fluid and another the non-igniting fluid into the combustion chamber.
- provision can be made for the initial ignition of the main injection to take place via a spark plug, although such a plug represents a wearing part that entails a corresponding maintenance effort.
- ammonia-dimethyl ether mixture which is known from the prior art but has not received any attention as an alternative fuel, is regarded as a significant difference from the prior art.
- the use of the claimed mixture is limited to refrigeration applications, since the advantages that can be achieved with it have not been recognized.
- the mixture of ammonia and dimethyl ether (also abbreviated: DME) forms a so-called azeotropic mixture in which the vapor phase and the liquid state have the same composition.
- the behavior is thus similar to that of a pure substance, although the ignition temperature in the present mixture of ammonia and dimethyl ether is advantageously lower than that of pure ammonia and the lower ignition limit of air is also reduced.
- the mixture for operating the internal combustion engine is an azeotropic mixture that includes or consists of ammonia and dimethyl ether.
- the mixture consists of or comprises 55-65%, preferably 60%, ammonia and 35-45%, preferably 40%, dimethyl ether and is preferably R-723.
- R-723 is the term typically used in technical jargon for the mixture of ammonia and dimethyl ether in the ratio of 60:40. It should be noted that this designation does not correspond to the official nomenclature according to ISO 817, since the official listing of this mixture in DIN EN 378 is still pending due to the associated complex registration and allocation of an R number.
- azeotropic mixture (comprising ammonia) improves the combustion characteristics of ammonia in a considerable way. This can be seen in the example of R-723, in which the ignition temperature increases from 630 °C to 440 °C and the lower ignition limit of air falls from 15% to 6%.
- a spark plug which ignites the mixture, to ignite the introduced (eg injected or blown in) mixture in the combustion chamber.
- the invention can provide for a pre-injection with a self-igniting fuel to ignite the injected mixture in the combustion chamber, so that ignition of the pre-injection leads to ignition of the subsequently injected mixture, with the self-igniting fuel preferably being diesel and / or dimethyl ether contains or consists of it.
- the main injection which consists of the non-self-ignitable fuel
- the main injection can be ignited with the aid of a pre-injection according to the method according to the invention.
- a self-ignitable fuel is introduced into the combustion chamber, which is then ignited due to compression or other influences.
- a non-self-igniting fuel (main injection) introduced only shortly after the introduction of the pilot injection is then also ignited due to the ignition of the pilot injection.
- dimethyl ether can be used as a pre-injection, as this, with a cetane number greater than 55, has an ignitability in the range of diesel (cetane number greater than 51) and therefore - similar to diesel - only ignited by compression in a combustion chamber can be.
- the fuel for the pre-injection is part of the fuel for the main injection, so that the provision of different fuel types is not absolutely necessary, since dimethyl ether can be separated from the ammonia-dimethyl ether mixture.
- the pre-injection takes place with dimethyl ether, which has been separated from the liquefied mixture of ammonia and dimethyl ether, with preferably the pre-injection via the identical supply as the mixture, but before this, in the Combustion chamber is introduced.
- a separate injector and a separate injector line can also be provided.
- the liquefied mixture is brought to an injection pressure of more than 500 bar, preferably more than 700 bar and more preferably more than 900 bar before being injected into a combustion chamber.
- the after-treatment of exhaust gas makes a significant contribution to minimizing the pollutants produced during the combustion process.
- a selective catalytic reduction e.g. so-called SCR catalysts
- the urea tank required for effective exhaust gas cleaning can also be dispensed with after separating these two components, since ammonia is already present from the mixture due to the separation of dimethyl ether.
- dinitrogen monoxide is separated from the exhaust gas and, if necessary, fed back into the combustion chamber via an intermediate gas store.
- nitrous oxide N 2 O
- nitrous oxide is produced when ammonia is burned
- nitrous oxide can be extracted from the exhaust gas with the help of a catalyst or a separator unit specially designed for it and introduced into an intermediate gas storage facility.
- the provision of an intermediate gas store is only advantageous if a sufficient quantity of dinitrogen monoxide accumulates. If this is not the case, it can also be advantageous to use a neutralization unit to neutralize the nitrous oxide that occurs.
- the power of the internal combustion engine is to be increased for a short time, the nitrous oxide can then be fed into the combustion chamber, resulting in an increase in power has.
- Such a nitrous oxide injection which is used for short-term power boosts of the internal combustion engine, is known in particular from racing.
- the invention also relates to an internal combustion engine for carrying out a method according to one of the variants discussed above.
- the internal combustion engine according to the invention for operation with a mixture of ammonia and dimethyl ether comprises a fuel tank for holding the mixture in the liquid state at an overpressure, preferably at an overpressure of at least 5 bar, preferably 8 bar, and particularly preferably 9 bar and an overpressure of at most 20 bar, preferably 15 bar, and particularly preferably 10 bar, and a fuel supply line that connects the fuel tank to a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine and serves to introduce the mixture in the fuel tank into the combustion chamber, and is characterized by a connected to the fuel tank Separation unit for separating the components of the mixture into pure ammonia and pure dimethyl ether.
- the individual components of the ammonia-dimethyl ether mixture can be advantageous in their pure form and also the provision and refilling of specific tanks for alternative substances (e.g. urea for SCR catalysis or second fuel for a pre-injection) superfluous.
- alternative substances e.g. urea for SCR catalysis or second fuel for a pre-injection
- the separation unit can use a membrane to separate the two components of the mixture from one another, with the mixture preferably being in a gaseous state for this purpose. Provision can therefore be made for the separation unit to separate the components of the mixture using a separating membrane.
- a pressure reducer can be provided for the conversion into the gaseous state. Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the separation of the two components can also be carried out successfully when the fuel is in a liquid state. The principle of reverse osmosis is then used here, so that it is not necessary to convert the liquid fuel into the gaseous form.
- the internal combustion engine is also provided with a store for dimethyl ether, which is fed by the separation unit and has an outlet line connected to the fuel line, with the quantity of to be introduced dimethyl ether is adjustable.
- a separate line is provided from the store for dimethyl ether for supply to the combustion chamber.
- the internal combustion engine is also provided with an accumulator for ammonia, which is fed by the separation unit and has an outlet line connected to a catalytic converter, in particular an SCR catalytic converter, with the catalytic converter serving to to clean emitted exhaust gas, preferably in terms of NO x - emissions.
- the storage of ammonia can be used for a selective catalytic reduction in the catalyst. It is no longer necessary to supply another substance in addition to the fuel itself, since ammonia can be generated from the mixture.
- an additional filling opening is therefore not required, and no separate filling of such an additive (urea, commercial designation including AddBlue) has to be taken into account when operating such an internal combustion engine
- the internal combustion engine is provided with a separator unit which is arranged in an exhaust gas line of the internal combustion engine and is designed to cut off nitrous oxide occurring during the combustion of the mixture, with a gas intermediate storage preferably being provided to temporarily store the separated nitrous oxide and return it to the combustion chamber if required.
- nitrous oxide which can be separated from the exhaust gas and, if necessary, returned to the combustion chamber in order to increase the power of the internal combustion engine.
- the internal combustion engine is also provided with a control unit which is designed to first inject the dimethyl ether obtained via the separation unit in order to carry out a combustion process in the combustion chamber, in order to thereby carry out a self-igniting pre-injection form, with the help of which the subsequently injected mixture (ammonia, DME and possibly air) is ignited.
- a control unit which is designed to first inject the dimethyl ether obtained via the separation unit in order to carry out a combustion process in the combustion chamber, in order to thereby carry out a self-igniting pre-injection form, with the help of which the subsequently injected mixture (ammonia, DME and possibly air) is ignited.
- the present invention also relates to the use of a mixture of ammonia and dimethyl ether as a fuel in an internal combustion engine. It can be provided that the mixture of 55-65%, preferably 60%, ammonia and 35-45%, preferably 40%, dimethyl ether and preferably consists of R-723.
- the fuel tank 2 is filled with a mixture of ammonia and dimethyl ether, which is introduced into at least one combustion chamber 4 via a fuel supply line 3 .
- the non-self-ignitable mixture is then ignited in the combustion chamber 4 and used to drive a piston.
- the combusted mixture is then discharged from the combustion chamber 4 via an exhaust pipe 13, so that the combustion chamber 4 is available for the ammonia-dimethyl ether mixture to be fed in again.
- a spark plug for example, can be provided for ignition in the combustion chamber 4, or that a self-igniting mixture can be ignited beforehand by means of a compression of the piston, so that a subsequently introduced non-self-igniting mixture (in this case Ammonia and dimethyl ether) can be ignited by igniting the self-igniting mixture.
- a non-self-igniting mixture in this case Ammonia and dimethyl ether
- a separation unit 5 is also connected to the fuel tank 2 and is designed to separate the individual components of the mixture contained in the fuel tank 2 so that they can be used for advantageous tasks associated with the internal combustion engine 1 .
- the separation unit 5 thus separates the individual components ammonia and dimethyl ether and feeds them to a respective storage device 6, 9.
- the memory 6 for dimethyl ether has an output line 7 connected to the fuel supply line 3, so that it is also possible to use pure To introduce dimethyl ether into the combustion chamber 4. Since pure dimethyl ether is self-igniting, the self-igniting dimethyl ether can first be introduced into a combustion chamber 4 in this way, so that a subsequently introduced mixture from the fuel tank 2 is ignited due to ignition of the pure dimethyl ether (e.g. caused by compression). . The separate refueling of the internal combustion engine with its own self-ignitable fuel is therefore not necessary, so that the operating effort of the internal combustion engine is reduced.
- the reservoir for dimethyl ether 6 is connected to the fuel supply line 3 via a supply valve 8, so that the combustion chamber 4 is filled with pure dimethyl ether at the desired times.
- the components known to those skilled in the art for filtering and pressurizing a fluid to be introduced into the combustion chamber 4 can be arranged downstream of the supply valve 8 .
- the fluid to be introduced into the combustion chamber 4 can first run through a pre-filter 15 before it is brought to an intermediate pressure level by a first feed pump 16 .
- the fluid is then passed through a further filter 17 before the fluid to be introduced into the combustion chamber 4 is brought to the final pressure level by means of a fluid pressure pump 18 .
- highly pressurized fuel (ammonia-dimethyl ether mixture or pure dimethyl ether) is available but not needed in combustion chamber 4 , it is simply fed back into fuel tank 2 .
- a store 9 for ammonia which has an outlet line 11 which leads to a unit for exhaust gas aftertreatment 10, 12.
- An exhaust gas aftertreatment unit is provided in the exhaust gas line 13 downstream of the combustion chamber 4, for example in the form of a catalytic converter 10, which is designed to filter out pollutants from the exhaust gas flow.
- the exhaust aftertreatment unit can carry out a selective catalytic reduction in order to reduce NOx pollutants.
- the exhaust gas aftertreatment unit can further comprise a separator unit 12 which filters out the nitrous oxide contained in the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas flow and introduces it into the tank 14 for nitrous oxide. From there it can then be introduced directly into the combustion chamber 4, if required, so that the power of the internal combustion engine can be increased.
- the operating principle of nitrous oxide injection is known from racing, although the nitrous oxide to be injected does not come from the exhaust gas flow, but is kept in separate tanks. Reference list:
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021119723.6A DE102021119723A1 (de) | 2021-07-29 | 2021-07-29 | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Gemisch aus Ammoniak und Dimethylether und Brennkraftmaschine hierfür |
| PCT/EP2022/070482 WO2023006570A1 (de) | 2021-07-29 | 2022-07-21 | Verfahren zum betreiben einer brennkraftmaschine mit einem gemisch aus ammoniak und dimethylether und brennkraftmaschine hierfür |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4330528A1 true EP4330528A1 (de) | 2024-03-06 |
| EP4330528B1 EP4330528B1 (de) | 2026-01-28 |
Family
ID=82850304
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22753698.4A Active EP4330528B1 (de) | 2021-07-29 | 2022-07-21 | Verfahren zum betreiben einer brennkraftmaschine mit einem gemisch aus ammoniak und dimethylether und brennkraftmaschine hierfür |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4330528B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102021119723A1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES3061923T3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023006570A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002276473A (ja) | 2001-03-22 | 2002-09-25 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | ジメチルエーテルエンジンの燃料供給システム |
| CN1970699A (zh) * | 2006-11-07 | 2007-05-30 | 泸天化(集团)有限责任公司 | 二甲醚-液氨点燃式汽车燃料及其生产方法 |
| US20100019506A1 (en) | 2008-07-22 | 2010-01-28 | Caterpillar Inc. | Power system having an ammonia fueled engine |
| US20110265455A1 (en) | 2010-04-28 | 2011-11-03 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Ammonia burning internal combustion engine |
| US8370049B1 (en) | 2010-05-21 | 2013-02-05 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Control system of internal combustion engine |
| KR101361347B1 (ko) | 2012-12-28 | 2014-02-10 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 디메틸에테르 연료용 커먼레일 시스템 |
-
2021
- 2021-07-29 DE DE102021119723.6A patent/DE102021119723A1/de active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-07-21 WO PCT/EP2022/070482 patent/WO2023006570A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2022-07-21 EP EP22753698.4A patent/EP4330528B1/de active Active
- 2022-07-21 ES ES22753698T patent/ES3061923T3/es active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2023006570A1 (de) | 2023-02-02 |
| EP4330528B1 (de) | 2026-01-28 |
| DE102021119723A1 (de) | 2023-02-02 |
| ES3061923T3 (en) | 2026-04-08 |
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