EP4327998A1 - Procédé de fabrication d'éléments en béton revêtus dans un cadre de coffrage sur une table de fabrication - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'éléments en béton revêtus dans un cadre de coffrage sur une table de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4327998A1
EP4327998A1 EP22191714.9A EP22191714A EP4327998A1 EP 4327998 A1 EP4327998 A1 EP 4327998A1 EP 22191714 A EP22191714 A EP 22191714A EP 4327998 A1 EP4327998 A1 EP 4327998A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
joints
filling material
concrete
cladding panels
cladding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22191714.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Alfred Strassmeier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sommer Anlagentechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Sommer Anlagentechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sommer Anlagentechnik GmbH filed Critical Sommer Anlagentechnik GmbH
Priority to EP22191714.9A priority Critical patent/EP4327998A1/fr
Publication of EP4327998A1 publication Critical patent/EP4327998A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B19/00—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon
    • B28B19/0053—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon to tiles, bricks or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/34—Moulds, cores, or mandrels of special material, e.g. destructible materials
    • B28B7/342—Moulds, cores, or mandrels of special material, e.g. destructible materials which are at least partially destroyed, e.g. broken, molten, before demoulding; Moulding surfaces or spaces shaped by, or in, the ground, or sand or soil, whether bound or not; Cores consisting at least mainly of sand or soil, whether bound or not

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing clad concrete elements in a formwork frame on a production table, in which cladding panels are first placed on a production table, leaving gaps between adjacent cladding panels.
  • the granted patent EP 2 418 058 B1 The inventor describes a method for producing multi-layer concrete elements, in which cladding panels are placed side by side in a formwork frame on a production table, leaving joints free, after which a layer of concrete is applied to the cladding panels, with a casting compound first being applied to the production table in strips, their position corresponds to the grid of the joints, whereupon the cladding panels are inserted so that their edges are pressed on all sides into the strips made of the casting compound, after which the concrete layer is applied.
  • the object of the invention is to develop the method for producing clad concrete elements in a formwork frame on a production table in such a way that it can be carried out in the most cost-effective and sustainable manner possible.
  • the cladding panels are first placed loosely, i.e. without special matrices or sealing strips, on the flat production table.
  • the cladding panels are placed next to one another and/or one above the other, preferably separated from one another at equal gaps, on the production table.
  • the cladding panels can be arranged in rows and/or columns, even offset from one another.
  • the cladding panels can be, for example, clinker brick strips, tiles, bricks or brick strips or natural stone slabs, such as granite slabs or marble slabs.
  • the cladding panels can be of any size. Depending on the type of cladding panels, the width of the desired or required joints can be determined.
  • the cladding panels can either be placed manually on the production table or automatically placed on the production table, for example using a robot.
  • the joints are filled with a filling material.
  • the joints can either be completely filled with filling material or only partially filled with filling material. It can be particularly useful to only fill the joints to approx. 50% of the height and to initially leave the upper half of the joints free.
  • a formwork frame is placed on the production table.
  • the formwork frame specifies the outer contour of the concrete element to be produced.
  • the formwork frame can have several straight formwork supports, which are assembled in the form of a rectangle or a square or another basic geometric shape. In any case, the formwork frame must be placed on the production table before the fresh concrete is applied to the layer consisting of cladding panels and filling material.
  • the formwork frame can first be placed on the production table and the cladding panels and the filling material can then be placed in the formwork frame framed part of the production table.
  • the cladding panels can first be placed on the production table and the formwork frame can then be placed over the cladding panels onto the production table.
  • Any angular cladding edge elements that may be used can preferably be inserted after the formwork frame has been placed on the production table.
  • the filler material present in the joints prevents fresh concrete from penetrating completely into the joints up to the visible side of the clad concrete element. If the joints are completely filled with filler, no fresh concrete will penetrate the joints at all.
  • the cladding panels connect to the fresh concrete or the hardened concrete only on their backs, which can be sufficient to permanently and reliably connect the cladding panels to the concrete element.
  • the cladding panels can have, for example, depressions, grooves or projections on their backs, i.e. on the side opposite the visible side, in order to ensure a secure and permanent connection to the concrete element.
  • the joints can only be partially filled with filling material. This means that the joints are not completely filled over their entire height up to the rear edges of the cladding panels, but are only filled at a partial height. For example, the joints can only be filled to 50%. This means that when the fresh concrete is subsequently applied to the layer of cladding panels and Filling material, the fresh concrete can also partially penetrate into the joints. This allows the fresh concrete to run around the rear edges of the cladding panels and connect to the cladding panels at the edges. This can increase the durability and security of the connection of the cladding panels to the concrete element.
  • the concrete element covered with the cladding panels can be removed from the production table.
  • the formwork frame is also removed from the hardened, clad concrete element.
  • the cladding panels are now permanently connected to the concrete element with the desired joint spacing.
  • the filling material should therefore consist of a material or a mixture of materials that does not permanently bond to either the cladding panels or the hardened concrete.
  • the filling material should also be suitable for reprocessing so that it can be reused in the subsequent production of another clad concrete element.
  • the filling material can in particular comprise a granular solid and a binder.
  • the granular solid can be, for example, sand, in particular quartz sand. If necessary, other granular ones can also be used Solids are used, such as plastic granules or organic granules.
  • the binder should be designed to stabilize the granular solid at least to the extent that the granular solid, when introduced into the joints, is able to prevent the penetration of fresh concrete and does not come out of the joints in an undesirable manner during the application of the fresh concrete is rinsed out. It has been shown that even a slight wetting of the granular solid with water can be sufficient.
  • the binder can be, for example, a retarder known per se in concrete production as a concrete additive. Such retarders are explained, for example, in the DIN EN 934-2 standard.
  • the joints can first be filled with dry, granular solids and then wetted with the binder.
  • the joints can be filled with the dry, granular solid.
  • it can be advantageous to first fill dry granular solids into the joints, as this trickles easily and can therefore be introduced into the joints more easily than wet granular solids.
  • wetting with the binder can take place in a second step.
  • Dry filling with granular solids and wetting the granular solids filled into the joint with the binder can take place immediately one after the other.
  • a robot can, for example, guide two different tools at the same time, with the first tool comprising a discharge nozzle through which the dry granular solid is first discharged the joint is introduced automatically and the second tool is arranged in the direction of movement immediately behind the discharge nozzle, which the robot guides at the same time and which, for example, comprises a spray nozzle through which the binder is sprayed into the joint filled with dry granular solids.
  • the joints can be filled with a single layer or multiple layers of granular solids and/or binder.
  • a deep layer of dry granular solid can first be introduced into the respective joint.
  • a second, middle layer can be introduced into the respective joint, which comprises moistened granular solid.
  • only one additional binder can be applied.
  • a mixture of granular solids and binder can be applied to the joints in one operation.
  • angular cladding edge elements with a first outer surface of one leg of the respective cladding edge element can be placed on the production table in such a way that a second outer surface of the other leg of the respective cladding edge element is flush with at least one inner wall of the formwork frame, leaving free side joints between adjacent cladding edge elements.
  • the side joints extending on the at least one inner wall of the formwork frame can also be connected to the Filling material must be filled before the fresh concrete is placed in the formwork frame.
  • the side joints can be filled in essentially the same or analogous manner as the remaining joints, as described in the various versions.
  • the consistency of the filling material for the side joints tends to be firmer, so that undesirable running out of the filling material from the side joints is prevented or at least significantly delayed.
  • a filler containing a granular solid and binder can be used as the filler material, which only bonds poorly or not at all with the fresh concrete, the hardened concrete, the cladding panels and/or cladding edge elements and the binder only binds the granular solid temporarily and after production of the clad concrete element can be easily removed from the joints and/or side joints.
  • Easy removability means that the filler can be removed using simple means without damaging the hardened concrete, the joints, the cladding panels and/or cladding edge elements.
  • Simple means include hand tools such as brushes, compressed air, water jets or similar non-cutting or grinding methods.
  • the agglomerated filler removed from the joints and/or side joints can be dissolved and/or crushed again into granular solids, provided with new binder and reused again as filler material in the production of another clad concrete element.
  • the used, possibly agglomerated filler can, for example, simply be dried, whereby the water evaporates, so that only the dry granular solid remains. This dry granular solid can then be reused when the process is carried out again to produce clad concrete elements.
  • Agglomerated filler can be reprocessed into fine-grained solids, for example by crushing, grinding and/or sieving. For sieving, for example, a vibrating sieve can be used, onto which the agglomerated filler is applied to dissolve it. The agglomerates are dissolved by the oscillating movements of the vibrating screen and the dissolved fine-grained solid can pass through the screen surface and be collected below the vibrating screen.
  • the filling material can therefore be reused several times. In this way, environmentally harmful waste can be avoided.
  • the costs for producing the clad concrete elements can be reduced because new filling material does not have to be used every time or it is not or only hardly used. Especially when using water or similar natural substances as binding agents, there are no environmentally harmful impacts and the production of the clad concrete elements is therefore more ecological.
  • the filler removed from the joints and/or side joints and crushed into granular solids can also be enriched with fresh, unused granular solids before it is provided with new binder and reused as filler material in the production of another clad concrete element. This means that the quality of the filling material can be maintained despite repeated use of the starting materials.
  • the placing of the cladding panels on the production table, leaving gaps between adjacent cladding panels can be carried out automatically by means of a setting robot, which automatically guides a gripper, which places one cladding panel after the other on the production table or a group of several cladding panels on the production table at the same time.
  • the gripper can be designed as a suction gripper.
  • the suction gripper can have one or more suction elements, which can be subjected to negative pressure, so that a cladding panel can be attached to one suction element or several cladding panels can be sucked onto several suction elements.
  • the cladding panels held by the suction gripper can then be automatically moved to the desired positions on the production table by moving the axes of the setting robot.
  • the setting robot can be, for example, a gantry robot. Alternatively, the setting robot can be, for example, a kick arm robot.
  • the suction cup can, for example, according to the patent DE 10 2013 100 267 B4 be trained.
  • the gripper can be designed as a multi-finger gripper.
  • the gripper has at least two gripping fingers that can be automatically adjusted relative to one another.
  • a cladding panel can be gripped, i.e. clamped, by two opposite edges.
  • the multi-finger gripper can also have three or more gripping fingers.
  • the filling of the joints with the filling material can be carried out using a joint filling robot that has a Discharge nozzle automatically leads, to which the filling material is automatically fed, a discharge opening of the discharge nozzle being guided along the joints by means of the joint filling robot and the filling material is automatically discharged via the discharge opening of the discharge nozzle in order to fill the joints with the filling material.
  • the joint filling robot can automatically guide the discharge nozzle along the joints between the cladding panels and automatically dispense the filling material in doses from the discharge nozzle.
  • the joint filling robot can be a gantry robot, for example.
  • the joint filling robot can be, for example, a kick arm robot.
  • At least two robots can be provided, one of which forms the setting robot and the other robot forms the joint filling robot.
  • a single robot can be provided, which is optionally and depending on the process step either configured as a setting robot or as a joint filling robot.
  • the robot can include a tool changer, so that the robot automatically either guides a gripper as a setting robot, as described above, or carries a discharge nozzle as a joint filling robot, as described.
  • the gripper and the discharge nozzle can also be formed on a common tool carrier, so that this forms a combination tool that includes the gripper on the one hand and the discharge nozzle on the other.
  • the filling material can be removed from a storage container A rotary valve feeds the discharge nozzle in a metered manner and introduces it into the joints and/or side joints via the discharge opening. Using a rotary valve, the filling material can be dosed as evenly as possible into the joints.
  • the filling material can be removed from the joints and/or the side joints from the side of the cladding panels opposite the hardened concrete by orienting the produced, clad concrete element in such a way that the joints and/or the side joints face downwards point and mechanical knocking and/or vibration of the concrete element causes the filling material to fall out of the joints and/or the side joints due to gravity.
  • the filling material can be removed from the joints and/or the side joints from the side of the cladding panels opposite the hardened concrete by removing the filling material from the joints and/or the side joints using a tool.
  • the tool can be, for example, a brush that is guided manually or automatically along the joints and/or the side joints so that the bristles of the brush clear the filling material out of the joints.
  • the tool can also be an air jet nozzle, which is guided manually or automatically along the joints and/or the side joints, so that a jet of compressed air emerging from the air jet nozzle clears the filling material out of the joints.
  • the tool can be a water jet nozzle, which is guided manually or automatically along the joints and/or the side joints, so that a jet of pressurized water emerging from the water jet nozzle clears the filling material from the joints.
  • a first step of the process for producing clad concrete elements 1 is shown.
  • cladding panels 2 are placed on a production table 3, leaving gaps 4 between adjacent cladding panels 2.
  • the cladding panels 2 are automatically placed on the table by means of a setting robot 5.1, which guides a gripper 6 Production table 3 placed.
  • the joints 4 are filled with a filling material 7.
  • the joints 4 are filled with the filling material 7 by means of a joint filling robot 5.2, which guides a discharge nozzle 8 which supplies the filling material 7 automatically fills into the joints 4.
  • a third step of the method for producing clad concrete elements 1 is shown.
  • fresh concrete 9 is applied to the layer which includes the cladding panels 2 and the joints 4 filled with the filling material 7.
  • the fresh concrete 9 is applied after a formwork frame 10 has been placed on the production table 3.
  • a fourth step of the method for producing clad concrete elements 1 is shown.
  • a fifth step of the method for producing clad concrete elements 1 is shown.
  • the filling material 7 is removed from the joints 4 from the side of the cladding panels 2 opposite the hardened concrete, i.e. from the visible side.
  • the filling material 7 in particular comprises a granular solid and a binder.
  • the binder should be designed to stabilize the granular solid at least to such an extent that the granular solid, when introduced into the joints, is able to prevent the penetration of fresh concrete 9 and does not leak out in an undesirable manner during the application of the fresh concrete 9 the joints 4 are rinsed out. It has been shown that even a slight wetting of the granular solid with water can be sufficient.
  • the binder can be, for example, a retarder known per se in concrete production as a concrete additive.
  • the joints 4 can first be filled with dry granular solids and then wetted with the binder.
  • a granular solid and binder-comprising filler can be used as the filler material 7, which is mixed with the fresh concrete 9, the hardened concrete, the cladding panels 2 and/or cladding edge element 2.1 ( Fig. 8 ) connects only poorly or not at all, whereby the binder only binds the granular solid temporarily and after the clad concrete element 1 has been produced it easily comes out of the joints 4 and/or side joints 4.1 ( Fig. 9 ) can be removed.
  • the agglomerated filler removed from the joints 4 and/or side joints 4.1 can be dissolved and/or comminuted again into granular solids, optionally provided with new binder, and reused again as filler material 7 in the production of another clad concrete element 1.
  • Such comminution or deagglomeration, ie dissolving of the agglomerated filler 7a, ie the filling material 7, is shown schematically.
  • a stage of comminution for example in a mill 11
  • a stage of sieving for example in a vibrating screen 12
  • redissolved granular solid 7b can be obtained, which can be reused.
  • the filler removed from the joints 4 and/or side joints 4.1 and crushed into granular solids can be enriched with fresh, unused granular solids before it is provided with new binder and reused again as filler material 7 in the production of another clad concrete element 1.
  • the side joints extending on the at least one inner wall 10a of the formwork frame 10 can also be used 4.1 be filled with the filling material 7 before the fresh concrete 9 is introduced into the formwork frame 10.
  • angular cladding edge elements 2.1 with a first outer surface of one leg 2a of the respective cladding edge element 2.1 can be placed on the production table 3 in such a way that a second outer surface of the other leg 2b of the respective one Cladding edge element 2.1 flush with at least one inner wall of the formwork frame 10, leaving side joints 4.1 ( Fig. 9 ) between adjacent cladding edge elements 2.1.
  • the placing of the cladding panels 2 on the production table 3, leaving gaps 4 between adjacent cladding panels 2, can be carried out automatically by means of a setting robot 5.1, which automatically guides a gripper 6, which moves one cladding panel 2 after the other on the production table 3 or sets a group of several cladding panels 2 on the production table 3 at the same time.
  • the gripper 6 can, as in particular in Fig. 1 is shown, for example, be designed as a multi-finger gripper.
  • the filling of the joints 4 with the filling material 7 can be carried out by means of a joint filling robot 5.2, which automatically guides a discharge nozzle 8, to which the filling material 7 is automatically fed, with a discharge opening of the discharge nozzle 8 guided along the joints 4 by means of the joint filling robot 5.2 and the filling material 7 is automatically discharged via the discharge opening of the discharge nozzle 8, as shown in particular in Fig. 2 and Fig. 7 is shown to fill the joints 4 with the filling material 7.
  • the removal of the filling material 7 from the joints 4 and/or the side joints 4.1 is carried out from the side of the cladding panels 2 opposite the hardened concrete by orienting the produced, clad concrete element 1 in such a way that the joints 4 and/or the side joints 4.1 at least partially point downwards, as in, for example Fig. 5 is shown, wherein, for example, by mechanical knocking and / or vibration of the concrete element 1, the filling material 7 is caused to fall out of the joints 4 and / or the side joints 4.1 due to gravity.
  • the filling material 7 can be removed from the joints 4 and/or the side joints 4.1 from the side of the cladding panels 2 opposite the hardened concrete by removing the filling material 7 from the joints 4 and/or the side joints 4.1 using a tool .
  • the Fig. 10 shows the production table 3 from above, i.e. in a top view before applying the fresh concrete 9.
  • the cladding panels 2 and the cladding edge elements 2.1 are placed on the production table 3, leaving the joints 4 and / or the side joints 4.1 free.
EP22191714.9A 2022-08-23 2022-08-23 Procédé de fabrication d'éléments en béton revêtus dans un cadre de coffrage sur une table de fabrication Pending EP4327998A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

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EP22191714.9A EP4327998A1 (fr) 2022-08-23 2022-08-23 Procédé de fabrication d'éléments en béton revêtus dans un cadre de coffrage sur une table de fabrication

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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EP22191714.9A EP4327998A1 (fr) 2022-08-23 2022-08-23 Procédé de fabrication d'éléments en béton revêtus dans un cadre de coffrage sur une table de fabrication

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EP4327998A1 true EP4327998A1 (fr) 2024-02-28

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EP22191714.9A Pending EP4327998A1 (fr) 2022-08-23 2022-08-23 Procédé de fabrication d'éléments en béton revêtus dans un cadre de coffrage sur une table de fabrication

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2608496A1 (fr) * 1986-04-07 1988-06-24 Dutour Gerard Procede de realisation d'un mur ou portion d'un mur en pierres apparentes ou materiaux analogues, et mur ainsi realise
US5624615A (en) * 1995-08-29 1997-04-29 Sandorff; Daniel R. Method of manufacturing modular stone panels
DE10136736C1 (de) * 2001-07-27 2003-05-08 Lingl Anlagenbau Verfahren zur Herstellung eines vorgefertigten Bauelements
JP2006169957A (ja) * 2006-01-30 2006-06-29 Kankyo Kogaku Kk 土木構築物用ブロック及び土木構築物用ブロック部品
DE102013100267B4 (de) 2012-01-17 2013-10-17 Sommer Anlagentechnik Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Greifen und Vereinzeln von plattenförmigen Bauteilen
EP2418058B1 (fr) 2010-08-12 2014-11-05 Sommer Anlagentechnik GmbH Procédé de fabrication d'éléments en béton multicouches
FR3099194A1 (fr) * 2019-07-25 2021-01-29 Biesse Procédé, dispositif et installation de fabrication d’un élément de parement et élément de parement ainsi obtenu

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2608496A1 (fr) * 1986-04-07 1988-06-24 Dutour Gerard Procede de realisation d'un mur ou portion d'un mur en pierres apparentes ou materiaux analogues, et mur ainsi realise
US5624615A (en) * 1995-08-29 1997-04-29 Sandorff; Daniel R. Method of manufacturing modular stone panels
DE10136736C1 (de) * 2001-07-27 2003-05-08 Lingl Anlagenbau Verfahren zur Herstellung eines vorgefertigten Bauelements
JP2006169957A (ja) * 2006-01-30 2006-06-29 Kankyo Kogaku Kk 土木構築物用ブロック及び土木構築物用ブロック部品
EP2418058B1 (fr) 2010-08-12 2014-11-05 Sommer Anlagentechnik GmbH Procédé de fabrication d'éléments en béton multicouches
DE102013100267B4 (de) 2012-01-17 2013-10-17 Sommer Anlagentechnik Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Greifen und Vereinzeln von plattenförmigen Bauteilen
FR3099194A1 (fr) * 2019-07-25 2021-01-29 Biesse Procédé, dispositif et installation de fabrication d’un élément de parement et élément de parement ainsi obtenu

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