EP4313555A1 - Dispositif et procédé pour retirer un matériau auxiliaire de pièces imprimées en 3d - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé pour retirer un matériau auxiliaire de pièces imprimées en 3d

Info

Publication number
EP4313555A1
EP4313555A1 EP22715337.6A EP22715337A EP4313555A1 EP 4313555 A1 EP4313555 A1 EP 4313555A1 EP 22715337 A EP22715337 A EP 22715337A EP 4313555 A1 EP4313555 A1 EP 4313555A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpiece
dissolving liquid
liquid
dissolving
container
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22715337.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Andrei NEBOIAN
Frank Osan
Tobias PISTORA
Stefan KITTENBERGER
Christian Veit
Jan BOCHNIG
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Xioneer Systems GmbH
Original Assignee
Xioneer Systems GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from ATA50906/2021A external-priority patent/AT524916A2/de
Application filed by Xioneer Systems GmbH filed Critical Xioneer Systems GmbH
Publication of EP4313555A1 publication Critical patent/EP4313555A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/35—Cleaning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
    • B08B3/06—Cleaning involving contact with liquid using perforated drums in which the article or material is placed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
    • B08B3/08—Cleaning involving contact with liquid the liquid having chemical or dissolving effect
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/393—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/40—Structures for supporting 3D objects during manufacture and intended to be sacrificed after completion thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B2203/00—Details of cleaning machines or methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B2203/007—Heating the liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/40—Structures for supporting workpieces or articles during manufacture and removed afterwards
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
    • B22F10/68—Cleaning or washing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • B33Y40/20—Post-treatment, e.g. curing, coating or polishing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method according to the preambles of the independent patent claims.
  • auxiliary material that enables the construction of three-dimensional parts with complex shapes.
  • support structures often have to be printed at the same time to form projecting parts. According to the prior art, these supporting structures are broken off after the workpiece has been completed. This often affects the surface of the workpiece at the transition points to the support structure. In particular, burrs can remain, which have to be removed in a separate work step.
  • auxiliary material or support material that can be dissolved by a solvent.
  • the solvent is selected in such a way that it dissolves the auxiliary material, for example the support structure, but not the workpiece itself, which means that the workpiece remains after a certain time.
  • the support material secures overhangs, bridges, voids, etc. in the printed model during the printing process.
  • the support material In order for the support material to be able to reliably fulfill this function, it must be able to adhere well to the model. Otherwise, it may peel off or slip during printing, which could result in a misprint.
  • Conventional support materials usually have such strong adhesion to the model materials that they can hardly be broken off mechanically without damaging the model. Dissolvable support materials are offered in particular to avoid the problem of the support material detaching or slipping during printing.
  • the soluble support material can be removed without mechanical tools. This reduces or even completely eliminates the manual effort required to break off the support material.
  • a soluble support material can be dissolved automatically by wetting it with the dissolving liquid.
  • the soluble support material is often easier to use, quicker to remove, and ultimately more economical to use.
  • the process is accelerated in that the solvent is set in motion in a basin.
  • it is known to turn an impeller at the bottom of a pool in order to generate a flow in the pool.
  • the functionality of these devices essentially corresponds to that of a magnetic stirrer.
  • it is known to provide inlet and outlet lines for the solvent in the basin and to pump the solvent through these openings with a powerful pump in order to generate a flow.
  • the object of the invention is now to create a device and a method for removing auxiliary material from 3D-printed workpieces that work reliably, quickly and gently.
  • the device should be able to cause rapid dissolution of the auxiliary material.
  • the device should remove the auxiliary material gently so that the workpieces are not destroyed during the process. Even if part of the auxiliary material or the workpiece comes loose, the device should not be impaired or damaged as a result.
  • the method should preferably be able to be carried out unattended, offer very high operational reliability and be automated as far as possible.
  • the invention relates to a device for removing auxiliary material from 3D-printed workpieces, in particular for removing support material which is soluble in a dissolving liquid, comprising a container which is at least partially filled with a dissolving liquid for removing the auxiliary material, the dissolving liquid being suitable for dissolving the auxiliary material and /or is set up, and comprising at least one holding device for fastening a workpiece.
  • a moving device is provided which moves the holding device and preferably the workpiece attached to the holding device through the dissolving liquid in order to remove the auxiliary material.
  • the movement device moves the holding device along a predetermined movement path through the dissolving liquid.
  • the movement device comprises a rotary drive, which rotates the holding device about an axis of rotation.
  • the holding device or at least the workpiece attached to the holding device is arranged or fastened at a certain normal distance from the axis of rotation and is thereby moved along a preferably circular path when the movement device is actuated.
  • the movement device comprises a drum which is rotatably driven by the rotary drive and to which one or more holding devices is or are preferably attached.
  • the rotatable drum is designed to be essentially liquid-tight and thereby acts as a container for the dissolving liquid. If necessary, it is provided that the rotatable drum is designed to be liquid-permeable and has drum openings for the dissolving liquid to pass through. If necessary, it is provided that the drum protrudes into the dissolving liquid or is arranged in the dissolving liquid that is arranged inside the container, whereby the drum is also at least partially filled with dissolving liquid.
  • the dissolving liquid is arranged essentially unmoved or stationary in the container and if necessary is mixed or set in motion only by the movement device, the holding device and/or the workpiece moved by the movement device. If necessary, it is provided that the container has at least one closable liquid opening which acts as an inlet and/or outlet for the dissolving liquid.
  • the liquid opening is assigned a valve or a shut-off element for the controllable supply or discharge of the dissolving liquid.
  • a heating device is provided for heating the dissolving liquid, the heating device in particular heating the dissolving liquid arranged in the container when dissolving the auxiliary material.
  • the dissolving liquid should flow around the heating device as effectively as possible so that good heat transfer is ensured and evaporation on the surface of the heating device is avoided.
  • the dissolving process can be accelerated by increasing the temperature.
  • the temperature should be controlled or regulated so that the workpiece is not deformed.
  • the heating device is preferably controlled and/or regulated in order to set a specific temperature or a temperature profile during the dissolving process.
  • the heating can be internal or via the container wall.
  • a partial flow from the container could also be routed through a heating zone or a heat exchanger. If necessary, the dissolving liquid can be added preheated.
  • the container and/or the drum has an openable and closable door for introducing and removing the workpiece.
  • the door can be provided or attached, for example, at the top or at the side.
  • a drying device which dries the workpiece that has been freed from the auxiliary material. If necessary, the movement device can be rotated at a higher speed after loosening the auxiliary material with the solvent removed from the container in order to remove the loosening liquid adhering to the workpiece by centrifugal force.
  • a drying device can be provided which, for example, directs heated air, in particular hot air, through the container and/or the drum in order to evaporate the dissolving liquid adhering to the workpiece.
  • the temperature of the air should be controlled or regulated in order to avoid the deformation of the workpiece if the air temperature is too high.
  • pre-dried air with a low dew point can be introduced.
  • a filling level sensor which allows the filling level of the container or the drum to be controlled.
  • this filling level sensor can be a weighing device provided in the area where the container or the drum is mounted.
  • conventional filling level devices can be provided. The filling level measurement enables the choice of a certain filling of the container with the dissolving liquid.
  • the holding device comprises a spring-biased clamp.
  • This clamp can be, for example, a metal bracket that is spring-biased by movement in order to be able to hold the workpiece. If necessary, it is provided that the holding device comprises a screwable clamp or another fixable clamp.
  • Smaller workpieces in particular can be arranged in nets or bags that can be flown through. These nets and bags can be fixed to the holding device.
  • flexible tapes and cords can be used for fixation.
  • the invention relates to a method for removing auxiliary material from 3D-printed workpieces, for example for removing soluble support material, which is preferably carried out in a device according to the invention, wherein the auxiliary material is removed from the workpiece by moving the workpiece mounted on a holding device through a dissolving liquid via a moving device.
  • the workpiece is guided by the movement device along a predetermined movement path through the dissolving liquid.
  • the entire movement path runs within the dissolving liquid or that the movement path extends out of the dissolving liquid, so that the workpiece is moved along the movement path out of the dissolving liquid and is immersed again.
  • the latter can have a particularly positive effect on the triggering process of internal zones.
  • the dissolving liquid is arranged essentially unmoved or stationary in the container and if necessary is mixed or set in motion only by the movement device, the holding device and/or the workpiece moved by the movement device.
  • An active movement of the dissolving liquid by pumps, propellers, nozzles, etc. should or can be omitted.
  • Turbulence should preferably be generated directly on the workpiece by the movement of the workpiece through the liquid. As a result, the turbulence is significantly stronger and more effective. This accelerates the dissolving process.
  • auxiliary material If necessary, provision is made for the auxiliary material to be dissolved in the dissolving liquid during the movement of the workpiece.
  • the auxiliary material is additionally mechanically detached, at least in part, by the movement of the workpiece through the dissolving liquid.
  • a movement device which moves the workpiece through the dissolving liquid.
  • the dissolving liquid is optionally arranged in a substantially immobile manner in a container.
  • a special Efficient removal of assist material can be accomplished by moving the workpiece along a path of travel extending out of and back into the dissolving liquid.
  • the workpiece is often moved through the surface of the dissolving liquid, which means that the auxiliary material can be thoroughly washed around.
  • the workpiece can be moved along a movement path that runs entirely within the dissolving liquid, so that in this case the workpiece is not moved by the surface of the dissolving liquid.
  • the workpiece is preferably rotated about an axis of rotation.
  • any movement of the workpiece can take place.
  • a linear guide, an elliptical or wobbling guide of the workpiece can be provided.
  • the auxiliary material is an auxiliary material that is soluble in an alkaline solution or in an alkaline solution.
  • the lye in which the auxiliary material has dissolved can simply be discharged into the waste water after the workpiece has been processed. If necessary, a tank is provided in which the liquor is stored in order to introduce it into the container. Depending on how much auxiliary material is already dissolved in the lye, the lye can be fed back into the tank to be used again to remove auxiliary material.
  • auxiliary materials dissolve directly in water.
  • the loosened material can be easily separated from the workpiece with the loosening liquid.
  • Another washing step with fresh liquid can further improve the result.
  • the auxiliary material polystyrene (PS) can be dissolved with Limonene (orange oil), for example.
  • Limonene range oil
  • auxiliary materials that can be dissolved with alcohol or other solvents. Harmless solvents such as water, weak bases or acids or weakly basic or acidic solutions are preferred, which may be discharged into the drain.
  • Workpiece material ABS, ASA, SAN, PA, PET, PC, PLA, but also others;
  • Auxiliary material alkali-soluble thermoplastics of carboxyl-containing co- or terpolymers based on polyacrylate (polycarboxylic acids) and/or mixtures thereof
  • Water-soluble thermoplastics such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH or PVA), butenediol-vinyl-alcohol copolymer (BVOH) or hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC)
  • Workpiece material Photopolymers (e.g. Keyence brand model materials)
  • Auxiliary material Water soluble materials (e.g. Keyence brand support materials)
  • Thermoplastics with a high softening point are preferably combined with a support material which also has a higher heat resistance. This applies, for example, to specialized, lye-soluble thermoplastics based on polyacrylate.
  • thermoplastics such as polyetherketone (PEEK), polyethersulfone (PES), polysulfone (PSU) or polyphenylsulfone (PPSU) can be used as support material.
  • Conceivable solvents here are dichloromethane or tetrahydrofuran. Because of the health hazard emanating from organic solvents, the workpieces should be carefully freed from absorbed solvent under adequate conditions.
  • the mixtures of support material and organic solvents may have to be disposed of as hazardous waste. Because of the high cost and risk, such variants are generally not preferred.
  • Turbulence in the solvent in the device can lead to increased foam formation in the device.
  • defoamers, anti-foaming agents or anti-foaming agents can be added before or during the dissolving process.
  • the holding device comprises a clamp or a similar device that is suitable and/or set up to hold a workpiece, in particular a workpiece of any shape.
  • the workpiece is preferably fastened to the holding device in such a way that the holding device is not attached to the auxiliary material but to a part of the workpiece that is to be exposed.
  • the workpiece or the holding device is moved along a movement path through the dissolving liquid in a first phase of operation and is moved in the opposite direction along the movement path in a second phase.
  • the rotary drive reverses the direction of rotation after a certain period of time or a certain number of revolutions. The reversal of the direction of movement along the Movement path can be done several times to improve the efficiency of the method and the device.
  • the axis of rotation of the rotary drive runs essentially horizontally.
  • the axis of rotation of the drum can also preferably run horizontally.
  • the axis of rotation of the drum and the axis of rotation of the rotary drive can be arranged coaxially.
  • the axis of rotation of the movement device in particular the axis of rotation of the rotary drive, can also run horizontally or in any other direction.
  • the door for inserting or removing the workpieces is preferably provided in the area of the end face of the drum.
  • the door can be provided in the area of the casing of the drum.
  • the drum and/or the container can also be opened from above, in particular if the axis of rotation is tilted or was chosen to be vertical.
  • the drum can be designed to be openable or it has drum openings that are large enough for the workpieces to be introduced into the drum through these openings.
  • the dissolving liquid is preferably arranged in the container in an essentially immobile manner, and the workpiece or its holding device is moved by the dissolving liquid.
  • the dissolving liquid can still be set in motion by actuating the moving device, in particular by moving the holding device and/or the workpiece. A movement of the workpiece relative to the dissolving liquid should preferably be generated.
  • the workpiece is moved through the dissolving liquid.
  • the direction of movement of the workpiece can be reversed in order to restore sufficient relative movement.
  • This procedure can improve the formation of turbulence on the workpiece in order to improve the release process.
  • at least one flow element can be provided, which influences the flow of the dissolving liquid in such a way that there is sufficient movement of the workpiece relative to the dissolving liquid.
  • a flow element can slow down or restrict the movement of the dissolving liquid.
  • the interplay of gravity, centrifugal force and, if necessary, a flow element waving as a baffle which can deflect a flow that is building up and cause turbulence, supports the release process.
  • the efficiency of the device and the method is improved in that the dissolving liquid is drawn along through the workpiece and/or the holding device and/or the moving device in order to drip off in another area, possibly onto another workpiece.
  • flow elements can act as scoop structures in the container, which entrain the liquid during the rotation of the container and then sprinkle it onto the workpieces from above.
  • small free-floating objects with rough surfaces such as brushes or sponges can be added to the container. These rub against the auxiliary material during the release process and thus serve to mechanically support the release process. Furthermore, these items remove possible deposits on the container or on the workpiece. Fibrous or sponge-like structures that may be attached to the container can bind or filter small particles from the washing solution before these particles contaminate the surfaces of workpieces or machine parts.
  • the intensity of local turbulence can easily be adjusted via the movement speed of the workpiece.
  • the device can set a suitable turbulence in order to achieve a high loosening force without damaging the workpiece.
  • the dissolving process can be continuously observed from the outside through suitably installed viewing windows in order to obtain information about the dissolving progress. Dipping the workpiece into and out of the liquid is particularly advantageous in cases where the solvent baths are becoming cloudy. Cameras can also be used here, optionally with speed or angle-controlled image recording. If necessary, a recording is made at the same angular position in each case, which clearly shows the progress of the dissolving in a time-lapse manner.
  • the dissolving liquid is basically arranged in a stationary manner in the container, but is swirled or moved by the moving device, in particular by the holding device and/or the workpiece.
  • the device has at least one horizontally or at least one vertically arranged shaft.
  • the drum can be arranged on the at least one shaft.
  • the at least one shaft can extend on both sides from the drum in the direction of the housing of the device. If necessary, the drum can be connected to the housing on both sides via the at least one shaft.
  • a movement device in particular the rotary drive, transmits a movement, in particular a rotary movement, to the shaft and thereby in particular the drum is set in motion, in particular in rotation.
  • a vertical shaft can be understood to mean a shaft or a part of a shaft which is arranged, in particular essentially, perpendicular to the ground on which the device is standing.
  • a horizontal shaft can be understood to mean a shaft or a part of a shaft which is arranged, in particular substantially, horizontally to the ground on which the device is standing. If necessary, the device can have a braking device, the braking device being set up to brake the movement, in particular the rotation, of the drum.
  • the device in particular the container and/or the drum, has two openable and closable doors for inserting or removing the workpieces.
  • the two doors can be arranged opposite one another on the device, in particular on the container and/or on the drum.
  • workpieces can be introduced into the device, in particular the container and/or the drum, through both doors.
  • the door, in particular the two doors can be provided in the area of the lateral surface or longitudinal side of the container and/or the drum. It may therefore be possible to load and unload the device, in particular the container and/or the drum, from both sides.
  • the door has a locking device, so that the door is closed and/or locked when the container and/or the drum moves.
  • the door can have a width in the range between 10 cm and 100 cm inclusive, in particular in the range between 70 cm and 80 cm inclusive.
  • the width and height of the door can be, in particular the size, preferably the diameter, of the drum.
  • the width and height of the door can be larger than the diameter of the drum.
  • the width and height of the door can optionally be at least half the size, in particular the diameter, of the drum.
  • the width and height of the door can optionally also be greater than half the size, in particular than the diameter, of the drum.
  • the door can have a height in the range between 10 cm and 100 cm inclusive, in particular in the range between 30 cm and 40 cm inclusive.
  • the door can be designed as a sliding door, a hinged door and/or a folding door.
  • the drums can be designed as a drum with a Y-chamber, in particular as a drum with 3 chambers, or as a Pullman drum, in particular as a drum with 2 chambers.
  • the device, the housing of the device, the container and/or the drum can be made of stainless steel or can include stainless steel.
  • a control device with an operating interface is provided, which enables and/or allows the user to operate the device.
  • the movement device, the supply of the dissolving liquid, in particular the supply of the liquid, which may be solvent-free, preferably the water and/or the solvent, preferably the dissolving powder, and/or the at least one valve can be controlled and/or regulated by the control device.
  • a dosing device is provided for dosing the solvent, in particular the dissolving powder.
  • This dosing device can be controlled and/or regulated via the control device.
  • This metering device can be set up for metering in the solvent.
  • the dosing device can be designed, for example, as a peristaltic pump.
  • the concentration of the dissolving liquid, in particular the ratio of solvent, preferably of dissolving powder, to the liquid, which may be free of solvent, in particular to the water, in the device, in particular in the container and/or the drum, is controlled and/or regulated.
  • control device can be set up to set the fill level of the dissolving liquid and/or the concentration of the dissolving liquid via the fill level sensor.
  • a predetermined level in the device in particular in the Container and / or the drum is adjustable. It is thereby possible that the workpieces arranged in the device, in particular during the movement of the drum, are moved through the dissolving liquid and/or are immersed, preferably essentially completely, in the dissolving liquid. In particular, this allows the workpieces to be essentially completely immersed in the dissolving liquid, in particular during the movement of the drum.
  • the device and/or the movement device can be set up to close the drum for a period of time in the range from 5 minutes up to and including 3000 minutes, in particular in the range from 15 minutes up to and including 600 minutes, optionally more than 90 minutes, preferably without interruption move and/or rotate.
  • the device and/or the movement device are designed in such a way that a movement and/or rotation of the drum for a period of time in the range from 5 minutes up to and including 3000 minutes, in particular in the range from 15 minutes up to and including 600 minutes, if necessary of more than 90 minutes, preferably without interruption, is possible.
  • the device and/or the movement device are set up to drive the drum at a substantially constant speed and/or at a, in particular constant, rotational speed, in particular in the range from 0.1 meters per second to 10 meters per second, preferably 0.5 meters per second to 5 meters per second, for the times indicated above.
  • the device and/or the moving device comprises a cooling device, the cooling device cooling the moving device. Due to the cooling of the movement device, it is optionally possible for the movement device to rotate and/or move the drum without interruption.
  • uninterrupted can be understood to mean that the drum is rotated and/or moved at a substantially constant speed and/or without standstill.
  • the direction of rotation of the drum can be reversed at predetermined time intervals.
  • the frequency of this reversal of the direction of rotation of the drum can be controlled and/or regulated by the control device.
  • the invention relates to a method for removing auxiliary material from 3D-printed workpieces, in particular for removing soluble support material, preferably in a device according to the invention, comprising, in particular, further, the following steps.
  • a liquid which may be solvent-free, in particular water
  • the concentration of the dissolving liquid in particular the ratio of the solvent, preferably the dissolving powder, to the optionally solvent-free liquid, in particular water, can be adjustable in the device, in particular in the container and/or the drum.
  • the concentration of the dissolving liquid can be in the range of 0.4 grams of dissolving powder per liter, optionally solvent-free, liquid, in particular water, up to and including 100 grams of dissolving powder per liter, optionally solvent-free liquid, in particular water.
  • liquid solvents or detergents preferably alkaline ones, can be used as a mixture or as a pure substance, in particular, for example, aminoethanol, as a substitute for solution powders.
  • the concentration of the solvent liquid can be in the range of 10 grams of solvent powder per liter, optionally solvent-free liquid, in particular Water, up to and including 34 grams of solution powder per liter, optionally solvent-free, liquid, especially water.
  • the concentration of the dissolving liquid can be in the range of 5 grams of dissolving powder per liter, optionally solvent-free, liquid, in particular water, up to and including 50 grams of dissolving powder per liter, optionally solvent-free liquid, in particular water.
  • the concentration of the dissolving liquid can be understood to mean the ratio between the solvent and the liquid, which may be solvent-free, in particular water.
  • the invention relates to a method for removing auxiliary material from 3D-printed workpieces, in particular for removing soluble support material, preferably in a device according to the invention, comprising, in particular, further, the following steps.
  • a dissolving liquid in particular a liquid and/or a solvent, which may be solvent-free, into the device, in particular into the container.
  • the dissolving liquid is covered by the dissolving liquid, in particular at least temporarily, preferably essentially completely.
  • the filling level in the device in particular in the container and/or the drum, can be adjusted by means of the control device and/or the measuring device in such a way that the printed workpieces, in particular when the drum is moving, preferably essentially completely, into the dissolving liquid are immersed.
  • the drum of the device can have a volume of 1 liter up to and including 10000 liters, preferably a volume of 10 liters up to and including 2000 liters, in particular 20 liters up to and including 1800 liters.
  • the drum of the device can have a volume of 30 liters, 40 liters, 50 liters, 60 liters, 70 liters, 80 liters, 90 liters, 100 liters, 110 liters, 120 liters, 600 liters, 700 liters, 800 liters, 900 liters , 1000 liters, 1100 liters, 1200 liters, 1300 liters, 1400 liters, 1500 liters, 1600 liters, 1700 liters, 1800 liters and/or 1900 liters.
  • the maximum load can essentially depend on the geometry of the workpieces, the structure of the workpieces and the proportion of supports, as well as the geometry of the drum.
  • the amount of solvent required to dissolve the support material can, if necessary, be determined from the machine program of the additive manufacturing process of the workpiece, in particular GCODE, for example. In particular, the amount of solvent required can be transmitted to the control device, which adjusts it if necessary. If necessary, it can be deduced from this that a wide range of possible solvent concentrations and filling quantities result from different geometries of the support structures and the models as well as different support materials.
  • the diameter of the drum can be 10 cm up to and including 200 cm, in particular 40 cm, 50 cm, 60 cm, 70 cm, 80 cm, 90 cm, 100 cm, 110 cm, 120 cm, 130 cm, 140 cm and/or 150 cm , amount.
  • the ratio between the drum diameter and the drum length can optionally be in the range from 1:5 to 10:1 inclusive (diameter :
  • the ratio between the drum diameter and the drum length can preferably be in the range from 1:3 to 5:1 inclusive (diameter:length).
  • the ratio between the drum diameter and the drum length in the range between 1:2 to 3:1 inclusive (diameter: length).
  • the rotational speed of the drum can be in the range of 0.1 meters per second up to and including 10 meters per second, in particular 0.5 meters per second up to and including 5 meters per second, preferably 1 meter per second up to and including 3 meters per second, be.
  • the rotational speed of the drum can be understood to mean the tangential speed at the edge, in particular at the lateral surface, of the drum. If necessary, this rotational speed corresponds to the speed at which the workpiece is moved through the liquid.
  • the heating device can be designed as a steam heating device and/or as an electrical heating device.
  • the heating device is preferably controlled and/or regulated, in particular by the control device, in order to set a specific temperature or a temperature profile during the release process.
  • the invention relates to the use of a device for removing auxiliary material from 3D-printed workpieces, in particular for removing support material which is soluble in a dissolving liquid, comprising a container which is at least partially filled with a dissolving liquid for removing the auxiliary material, the dissolving liquid being used for dissolving the Auxiliary material is suitable and / or set up, and comprising at least one holding device for fastening a workpiece, wherein a moving device is provided which moves the holding device, and in particular the workpiece attached to the holding device, through the dissolving liquid to remove the auxiliary material.
  • the invention relates to the use of the device according to the invention for removing auxiliary material from 3D-printed workpieces.
  • Other devices such as in particular registers, shafts, drawers and/or shelves, are optionally arranged in the drum, which are set up to load, distribute and/or fix the workpieces in the drum, in particular on different levels.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic oblique view of components of a first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic oblique view of components of a second embodiment.
  • FIG 3 shows a schematic oblique view of components of a third embodiment.
  • the reference numbers correspond to the following components: workpiece 1, container 2, dissolving liquid 3, holding device 4, movement device 5, axis of rotation 6, rotary drive 7, drum 8, drum opening 9, liquid opening 10, valve 11, heating device 12, door 13 , flow element 14.
  • the device comprises a container 2. This container 2 can be closed via a door 13.
  • a dissolving liquid 3 is arranged inside the container 2 .
  • This dissolving liquid 3 is arranged in the container 2 in particular during operation of the device.
  • the dissolving liquid 3 can be removed from the container 2 in order to insert and remove the workpieces 1 .
  • At least one liquid opening 10 is provided for this purpose. In the present embodiment, two liquid ports 10 are provided.
  • a liquid opening 10 is set up for supplying the dissolving liquid 3 .
  • the other liquid opening 10 is set up to discharge the dissolving liquid 3 .
  • the workpiece 1 is attached to a holding device 4 in a first step.
  • the container 2 is then closed by actuating the door 13 .
  • the dissolving liquid 3 is poured into the container 2 initiated. In the present embodiment, this can be done via the upper liquid opening 10, for example.
  • the dissolving liquid 3 is suitable and/or set up for dissolving the auxiliary material of the 3D-printed workpieces 1, so that after the operation of the device, only the workpieces 1 without auxiliary material can be removed from the device.
  • the auxiliary material is a support material that is printed at the same time as the workpieces 1 are produced by 3D printing.
  • This support material is preferably made of a different material than that part of the workpiece 1 from which the support material is to be removed.
  • the dissolving liquid 3 is preferably selected in such a way that the auxiliary material is soluble in the dissolving liquid 3 and can be dissolved in it.
  • the auxiliary material can also be detached by mechanically detaching it from the actual workpiece 1 .
  • a moving device 5 is preferably provided to improve the effect of the device.
  • the moving device 5 is set up to move the holding device 4 and the workpiece 1 held on the holding device 4 through the dissolving liquid 3 .
  • the dissolving liquid 3 is preferably arranged in the container 2 so that it is essentially stationary. By moving the workpieces 1 through the dissolving liquid 3, the effect of the dissolving liquid 3 on the auxiliary material can be improved.
  • the movement device 5 comprises a drum 8.
  • the drum 8 can be rotated about an axis of rotation 6 via a rotary drive 7.
  • At least one holding device 4 is provided on the drum 8 , in particular on the casing of the drum 8 or on the inside of the casing of the drum 8 .
  • the holding device 4 or the workpiece 1 attached thereto is at a normal distance from the axis of rotation 6 .
  • the drum 8 is liquid-permeable.
  • the drum 8 has a large number of drum openings 9 .
  • the drum 8 can be formed from a continuous material that is provided with a plurality of drum openings 9 during manufacture.
  • the drum 8 can be a lattice-like structure such as a cage-like drum 8 .
  • at least one holding device 4 is provided on the drum 8 in the present embodiment.
  • a plurality of holding devices 4 are preferably arranged on the drum 8 .
  • the drum 8 is arranged in the container 2 . If the container 2 is now at least partially filled with the dissolving liquid 3 , the dissolving liquid 3 penetrates through the drum openings 9 into the drum 8 . As a result, the drum 8 is also at least partially filled with a dissolving liquid 3 .
  • the device has an operating mode in which the container 2 and/or the drum 8 is completely filled with the dissolving liquid 3 .
  • the movement path along which the workpieces 1 are moved runs entirely within the dissolving liquid 3.
  • the drum 8 is only partially filled with a dissolving liquid 3, which means that the movement path into and out of the dissolving liquid 3 Dissolving liquid 3 also extends. If a workpiece 1 is now moved by actuating the rotary drive 7, the workpiece 1 is pulled through the dissolving liquid 3, emerges from the dissolving liquid 3 at a certain point and re-enters the dissolving liquid 3 at another point.
  • This entry and exit from and into the dissolving liquid 3 can improve the efficiency of the method for dissolving the auxiliary material.
  • immersion in the dissolving liquid 3 can lead to damage.
  • the container 2 or the drum 8 can be further filled with dissolving liquid 3 in order to prevent the dissolving liquid 3 from escaping the workpiece 1 .
  • the device comprises a heating device 12.
  • the heating device 12 is set up to heat the dissolving liquid 3.
  • the dissolving liquid 3 is heated to a temperature at which the dissolving effect of the auxiliary material is improved.
  • the heating device 12 preferably acts on the dissolving liquid in the container 2 3.
  • the heating device 12 is arranged inside the container 2 .
  • the heating device 12 can also be provided in a bypass line through which the dissolving liquid 3 is pumped in order to get back into the container 2 .
  • heating mats can be attached to the outside of the container 2, which heat up the container 2 together with the dissolving liquid 3.
  • the heating device 12 can also be fitted in the lower half of the container 2 in order to achieve the most efficient possible flushing of the heating elements with the dissolving liquid.
  • At least one valve 11 is provided to control the introduction and discharge of the dissolving liquid 3 through the liquid openings 10 .
  • a valve 11 for controlling the inlet of the dissolving liquid 3 and a further valve 11 for controlling the discharge of the dissolving liquid 3 from the container 2 are provided.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of a device according to the invention.
  • the components provided with reference numbers correspond to the components from FIG. 1.
  • the drum 8 of FIG. 2 is designed to be liquid-tight.
  • the drum 8 forms the container 2.
  • a plurality of holding devices 4 are provided in the drum 8, to each of which a workpiece 1 can be attached. If the rotary drive 7 is now actuated, the drum 8 is rotated about the axis of rotation 6 . As a result, the container 2 is also rotated in the present case.
  • the liquid opening 10 of the device is rotated as well.
  • a valve 11 can be actuated in order to drain the dissolving liquid 3 out of the drum 8 or out of the container 2 .
  • the dissolving liquid 3 is supplied by the liquid opening 10 being arranged pointing upwards and the valve 11 being opened.
  • the container 2, and thus also the drum 8, can be closed by a door 13 in this case.
  • the Movement device 5 comprises drum 8 designed as container 2 and rotary drive 7. Openings or doors 13 should be reliably sealed in order to prevent liquid from escaping to the outside.
  • a housing (not shown) is preferably provided, in which the components shown are arranged.
  • the door 13 is preferably accessible from the outside.
  • a control device with an operating interface is preferably provided, which allows the user to operate the device and which enables the rotary drive 7 and the at least one valve 11 to be controlled.
  • a tank (not shown) is provided for holding the dissolving liquid 3, into which the dissolving liquid 3 can be drained when the workpiece 1 is to be removed.
  • the dissolving liquid 3 can also be routed directly into the drain.
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of simplified construction, which nevertheless implements the basic idea of the invention.
  • a dissolving liquid 3 is arranged in a container 2 which is open at the top.
  • a folding device 4 adapted to hold a work piece 1 .
  • a movement device 5 is provided in the device according to FIG.
  • the folding device 4 is provided in the outer area of the arm.
  • At least one flow element 14 can be provided. In the present case, these project transversely to the direction of movement or transversely to the movement path of the workpiece 1 into the dissolving liquid 3. Similar flow elements 14 can also be provided, for example, in the case of the container 2 in FIG. In all of the embodiments, in particular in the embodiment of FIG.
  • a method for removing auxiliary material from 3D-printed workpieces 1 can optionally proceed as follows:
  • the workpiece 1 is usually printed on a 3D printer, for example on an industrial 3D printer using the FFF method from an ABS plastic.
  • auxiliary material and in particular a support material is used so that undercuts and/or overhangs of the workpiece 1 can be printed.
  • a 3D printer with two print heads is used - so the printer can print a support material in addition to ABS.
  • a lye-soluble thermoplastic based on polyacrylate (co- or terpolymers of polyacids), for example, can be used as the support material.
  • the finished printed workpiece 1 has dimensions of 100 ⁇ 100 ⁇ 100 mm, for example, and consists of 150 g ABS and 80 g soluble supporting material.
  • the printed workpiece 1 is freed from the support material.
  • the device according to the invention is used in particular for this purpose.
  • the container 2 or the drum 8 of an exemplary embodiment has a diameter of 200-800 mm, in particular approximately 500 mm or 480 mm.
  • the depth is, for example, 100-500 mm, in particular approximately 350 mm or 300 mm.
  • the components are made of a material that is particularly resistant to the solvent, even at high temperatures.
  • the container 2 can be made, for example, from alkali and temperature-resistant polypropylene.
  • the drum 8 can be made of stainless steel, for example.
  • the workpiece is placed inside the container 2 or inside the drum 8 .
  • a holding device 4 is used for this purpose.
  • the holding device 4 can comprise elastic straps with hooks. These bands can be fixed to the inside of the drum 8, whereby the workpiece 1 is clamped to the inside of the drum 8. This fixation is preferably both temperature and alkali resistant.
  • the dissolving liquid 3 can be prepared in the next step or beforehand.
  • 80 g sodium carbonate-based dissolving powder is mixed with 20 liters of water at room temperature. This mixture has a pH of about 10.
  • the dissolving liquid 3 is then filled into the container 2 through the liquid opening 10 .
  • the dissolving liquid 3 is set up to dissolve the support material under certain conditions (temperature and agitation) in the device.
  • the seals in the door 13 prevent the dissolving liquid 3 from escaping to the outside.
  • the heating device 12 is activated, for example with a maximum heating power of 2000 W, and the drum 8 and/or the holding device 4 are set in motion.
  • the movement is achieved, for example, by means of a 300 watt universal drive and a mechanical belt transmission of 1:17.
  • the movement and/or the heating power are preferably controlled and/or regulated in all of the embodiments by a suitable microcontroller-programmed automated control including a user interface.
  • the dissolving liquid After about two hours, depending on the ambient and water temperature, the dissolving liquid reaches the operating temperature.
  • the operating temperature should be set in such a way that the workpiece material (e.g. ABS) does not thermally deform, but at the same time is high enough to accelerate the dissolving performance.
  • the workpiece material e.g. ABS
  • an operating temperature of 75 °C can be selected for the ABS workpiece material used.
  • the rotational speed of the drum 8 or the holding device 4 can be adjusted with the controller. For most workpieces 1 with wall thicknesses greater than 2 mm, a good guide value of 50 rpm has proven to be advantageous.
  • the device reverses the direction of movement of the holding device 4, if necessary, more often, for example every 2 minutes. This procedure enables the workpiece 1 to be flushed intensively with the dissolving liquid 3 at every point over the entire dissolving cycle.
  • the workpiece 1 can dip into the dissolving liquid 3 during its downward movement and emerge again upwards. This leads to a very intensive renewal of the dissolving liquid on all surfaces of the workpiece, which massively increases the dissolving speed.
  • the device now opens a valve 11 in order to drain the used dissolving liquid 3 .
  • the dissolving liquid 3 flows through the drain pipe into a collection container for later disposal.
  • the used dissolving liquid after this process has a pH value of 9.6, for example.
  • the container can be filled with fresh water via a liquid opening 10.
  • the device sets the holding device 4 in motion again, for example in rotation at 50 rpm. This cleaning process takes about 10 minutes, for example, whereby the direction of rotation can also be changed, e.g. every 2 minutes.
  • the water is then disposed of via a liquid opening 10. Re-rotation can help to free the workpiece from adhering water. Increasing the speed favors this process.
  • the undamaged workpiece, which has been completely freed from the support material, can now be removed from the device and, if necessary, dried under room conditions. Vacuum drying at elevated temperature can be advantageous for complete removal of water which has penetrated capillary cavities.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif pour retirer un matériau auxiliaire de pièces imprimées en 3D (1), en particulier pour retirer un matériau de support qui est soluble dans un liquide de dissolution (3), comprenant un contenant (2) qui est au moins partiellement rempli d'un liquide de dissolution (3) pour retirer le matériau auxiliaire, le liquide de dissolution (3) étant approprié et/ou configuré pour dissoudre le matériau auxiliaire, et comprenant au moins un dispositif de maintien (4) pour fixer une pièce (1), un dispositif de déplacement (5) étant prévu, qui déplace le dispositif de maintien (4) et en particulier la pièce (1) fixée au dispositif de maintien (4) dans le liquide de dissolution (3) pour retirer le matériau auxiliaire.
EP22715337.6A 2021-03-23 2022-03-22 Dispositif et procédé pour retirer un matériau auxiliaire de pièces imprimées en 3d Pending EP4313555A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT501982021 2021-03-23
AT501972021 2021-03-23
ATA50906/2021A AT524916A2 (de) 2021-03-23 2021-11-12 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Entfernen von Hilfsmaterial 3D-gedruckter Werkstücke
ATA50905/2021A AT524915A2 (de) 2021-03-23 2021-11-12 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Entfernen von Hilfsmaterial 3D-gedruckter Werkstücke
PCT/AT2022/060086 WO2022198253A1 (fr) 2021-03-23 2022-03-22 Dispositif et procédé pour retirer un matériau auxiliaire de pièces imprimées en 3d

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EP4313555A1 true EP4313555A1 (fr) 2024-02-07

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EP22715337.6A Pending EP4313555A1 (fr) 2021-03-23 2022-03-22 Dispositif et procédé pour retirer un matériau auxiliaire de pièces imprimées en 3d
EP22715336.8A Pending EP4313554A1 (fr) 2021-03-23 2022-03-22 Dispositif et procédé pour retirer un matériau auxiliaire de pièces imprimées en 3d

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AT525655B1 (de) * 2022-05-04 2023-06-15 Cubicure Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Entfernen von an additiv hergestellten Bauteilen anhaftendem Harz

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DE3171049D1 (en) * 1980-10-20 1985-07-25 Assab Medicin Ab Method and apparatus for treating used petri dishes made of plastic
US6916441B2 (en) * 2001-10-03 2005-07-12 3D Systems, Inc. Post processing three-dimensional objects formed by solid freeform fabrication
GB2436453A (en) * 2006-03-24 2007-09-26 Mecwash Systems Ltd An aqueous washing system and method
US20090283119A1 (en) * 2008-05-16 2009-11-19 Khalil Moussa Post-Processing System For Solid Freeform Fabrication Parts
US8459280B2 (en) * 2011-09-23 2013-06-11 Stratasys, Inc. Support structure removal system
US10421124B2 (en) * 2017-09-12 2019-09-24 Desktop Metal, Inc. Debinder for 3D printed objects
CN210525846U (zh) * 2019-08-27 2020-05-15 广东海洋大学 一种激光光固化3d打印原型件清洗装置

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US20240217177A1 (en) 2024-07-04
US20240217178A1 (en) 2024-07-04
EP4313554A1 (fr) 2024-02-07
WO2022198253A1 (fr) 2022-09-29

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