EP4312575A1 - Avocado solid oil enriched in palmitic acid - Google Patents

Avocado solid oil enriched in palmitic acid

Info

Publication number
EP4312575A1
EP4312575A1 EP22717404.2A EP22717404A EP4312575A1 EP 4312575 A1 EP4312575 A1 EP 4312575A1 EP 22717404 A EP22717404 A EP 22717404A EP 4312575 A1 EP4312575 A1 EP 4312575A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
avocado
concrete
oil
avocado oil
oils
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22717404.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Antoine Piccirilli
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Greentech SA
Original Assignee
Greentech SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Greentech SA filed Critical Greentech SA
Publication of EP4312575A1 publication Critical patent/EP4312575A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
    • A23D9/00—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils
    • A23D9/02—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils characterised by the production or working-up
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
    • A23D9/00—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils
    • A23D9/02—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils characterised by the production or working-up
    • A23D9/04—Working-up
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
    • A23G1/30—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
    • A23G1/32—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
    • A23G1/36—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds characterised by the fats used
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L29/03—Organic compounds
    • A23L29/035—Organic compounds containing oxygen as heteroatom
    • A23L29/04—Fatty acids or derivatives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/115—Fatty acids or derivatives thereof; Fats or oils
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/46—Ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. skin, bone, milk, cotton fibre, eggshell, oxgall or plant extracts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
    • A61K8/36—Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof
    • A61K8/361—Carboxylic acids having more than seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain; Salts or anhydrides thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/92—Oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof, e.g. hydrogenation products thereof
    • A61K8/922—Oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof, e.g. hydrogenation products thereof of vegetable origin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q1/00—Make-up preparations; Body powders; Preparations for removing make-up
    • A61Q1/02—Preparations containing skin colorants, e.g. pigments
    • A61Q1/04—Preparations containing skin colorants, e.g. pigments for lips
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q15/00—Anti-perspirants or body deodorants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
    • A61Q5/02—Preparations for cleaning the hair
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/10—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C11B3/001—Refining fats or fatty oils by a combination of two or more of the means hereafter
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C11B3/006—Refining fats or fatty oils by extraction
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C11B3/008—Refining fats or fatty oils by filtration, e.g. including ultra filtration, dialysis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C11B3/02—Refining fats or fatty oils by chemical reaction
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C11B3/10—Refining fats or fatty oils by adsorption
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C11B3/12—Refining fats or fatty oils by distillation
    • C11B3/14—Refining fats or fatty oils by distillation with the use of indifferent gases or vapours, e.g. steam
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B7/00—Separation of mixtures of fats or fatty oils into their constituents, e.g. saturated oils from unsaturated oils
    • C11B7/0075—Separation of mixtures of fats or fatty oils into their constituents, e.g. saturated oils from unsaturated oils by differences of melting or solidifying points
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2300/00—Processes
    • A23V2300/18—Fractionation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
    • A61K2800/80—Process related aspects concerning the preparation of the cosmetic composition or the storage or application thereof
    • A61K2800/92—Oral administration

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a concrete avocado oil obtained characterized in that it has a palmitic acid content significantly higher than conventional avocado oil.
  • the invention also relates to the use of said oil in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food fields.
  • Virgin or refined avocado oil obtained by cold pressing or by water extraction (so-called centrifugal method), is an oil commonly used in cosmetics for its nutritive, emollient and diaper penetrating properties. upper epidermis. It is also appreciated in cosmetics for its good relative stability to oxidation and its natural vitamin E content (alpha tocopherol (Woolf & coll., Gourmet & Health-Promoting Specialty OIIs, pp 73-125, Edited by Robert A. Moreau and Ataf Kamal-Eldin. AOCS Press 2009.).
  • avocado oil has undergone spectacular development in human nutrition, particularly in the United States and the United Kingdom. Much appreciated for its health benefits linked to its high content of monounsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, it now competes directly with olive oil (Hilary S. First Report on Quality and Purity of Avocado oil Sold in the US. Food Control 116 (2020) 107328.). Moreover, in terms of taste, avocado oil has a very slightly buttery aroma, devoid of the often strong notes of first cold-pressed olive oils.
  • the avocado oil is extracted from the pulp of the previously pitted fruit.
  • the avocado Persea Americana Mill.
  • the avocado is a fruit qualified as an oil-bearing fruit because its pulp is very rich in oil (> 15%) and water (60%). Taxonomically, we distinguish races Mexican, Guatemalan and West Indian.
  • the main varieties resulting from the crosses of these breeds and the most cultivated today are the Hass and Fuerte avocado. In Mexico, more than 90% of production is of the Hass variety. This variety is known to be the most concentrated in pulp oil (over 20%).
  • the other varieties cultivated in the world include the Bacon, Pinkerton, Ettinger, Lula, Ryan, Barker, Peruano varieties.
  • Refined avocado oils are obtained from crude avocado oils, and refining consists of chemical neutralization with soda, acid degumming, winterization, discoloration on bleaching earth followed finally by vacuum deodorization.
  • unrefined pulp oil consists mainly of oleic acid (55 to 68%), palmitic acid (13 to 22%) and linoleic acid (9 to 15%).
  • palmitoleic acid we also note the presence of palmitoleic acid at 4 to 10%.
  • refined avocado oils the most widely used in particular in cosmetics and food for the general public, obtained from the Hass variety, tend to have average contents of oleic, palmitic and linoleic acids, respectively close to 60, 12 and 10%.
  • the purpose of refining is to provide clear oils which do not cloud in the cold with a cold resistance of at least 5.5 hours at 0°C, in fact leads to significant losses in fatty acids and in particular in palmitic acid.
  • palmitic acid is of great interest in terms of the skin. Indeed, palmitic acid plays an essential role in the synthesis of ceramides of the stratum corneum, in particular ceramides 1 and 2. These ceramides ensure the integrity of the epidermis and the functionality of the hydrolipidic film in terms of hydration and maintaining epidermal homeostasis (J. McIntosh. Organization of Skin Stratum Corneum Extracellular Matrix Lamellae: Diffraction Evidence for Assymetric Distribution of Cholesterol. Biophysical Journal, Volume 85, September 2003: 1675-1681).
  • Palmitic acid is directly involved in the morphogenesis of the epidermis and the skin barrier effect function ( Mieremet & coll. Contribution of Palmitic Acid to Epidermal Morphogenesis and Lipid Barrier Function in Human Skin Equivalents. International of Molecular Sciences. Int. J.Mol. Science. 2019, 20, 6069. pp 1-18).
  • Palmitic acid is an essential fatty acid which constitutes hair lipids. It is indeed the most abundant acid in the hair fiber with a content of 2760 pg/g of hair (Sang-Sun Song & coll. Prevention of Lipids from Hair by Surface and Internal Modification. Nature Scientific Reports, (2019) , 9-9834). This palmitic acid content is greatly reduced by successive shampoos which tend to degrade the quality of the fibre. Also, it is essential to be able to nourish the hair with a regular supply of palmitic acid via hair care products. Similarly, palmitic acid is also a constituent of the essential ceramides of the hair. Ceramides that play an essential role in maintaining and protecting the hair fiber against external aggressions such as UV, pollution, chemical coloring.
  • palmitic acid is one of the essential nutrients to prevent alopecia.
  • adipocytes which constitute the fatty tissues of the skin and the hair follicle of the body hair.
  • many growth factors interact in the adipocyte-follicle relationship.
  • the hair follicle is thus surrounded by a macro-environment made up of fundamental lipids, among which there is an abundance of palmitic acid, which is also one of the major acids constituting the energy reserves of the adipocyte (Schmidt et al. Unraveling Hair Follicle-Adipocyte Communication Exp Dermatol 2012 November 21(11): 827-830).
  • the fatty acids provided by food stored as an energy reserve in the adipocytes, therefore contribute to the development of the hair follicle, the central organ for the synthesis of the hair fibre. Adequate and adapted nutritional intake could advantageously contribute to the development of healthy hair.
  • palmitic acid is biologically involved in a crucial way at the biological level since it allows an essential step in cell renewal through the palmitoylation of the proteins that make up cell walls (Linder, M.E., "Réversible modification of proteins with thioester-inked fatty acids," Protein Lipidation, F. Tamanoi and D.S. Sigman, eds., pp. 215-40 (San Diego, CA: Academy Press, 2000).
  • the carbohydrates are transformed in vivo into palmitic acid, which is then stored in the adipocytes. While in the prevention of diabetes it is encouraged to limit the consumption of sugars, a controlled nutritional intake of bioavailable palmitic acid constitutes an interesting way to produce lipid reserves without taking the metabolic pathway of sugars.
  • palmitic acid is through the consumption of palm oil, meat and dairy products. But these foods are currently suspected of being the cause of obesity problems and cardiovascular diseases.
  • palm oil which is strongly decried both in food and in cosmetics, tends to be replaced by more sustainable oils.
  • Application CA 2 628 950 describes a process for obtaining an avocado oil rich in triglycerides.
  • the process consists in producing 2 oils by a molecular distillation process: a distillate and a heavy oil corresponding to the distillation residue fraction.
  • the oil from the distillation residue fraction known as the heavy fraction
  • the heavy fraction is enriched in sterols, free of unsaponifiables (such as acetogenins and furan lipids) and partial glycerides (mono and diglycerides) , compared to an oil that has not undergone molecular distillation.
  • unsaponifiables such as acetogenins and furan lipids
  • partial glycerides mono and diglycerides
  • Application PCT/FR01/00814 describes a process for concentrating the unsaponifiables of vegetable oils, among which avocado oil is mentioned.
  • the concentration of unsaponifiables describes a molecular distillation process which leads to an oil concentrated in sterols and fat-soluble vitamins as well as a residue oil (heavy fraction) depleted in unsaponifiables.
  • this process does not lead to an oil enriched in palmitic acid.
  • avocado oils of Malaysian origin are not obtained from avocados of the Hass, Fuerte, Bacon, Pinkerton, Ettinger, Lula, Ryan, Barker and/or Peruano varieties.
  • the Hass variety avocado oils cited are not concrete.
  • Application US 2005/058731 describes an antimicrobial composition comprising avocado oil but does not disclose concrete avocado oil or its palmitic acid content or its melting point.
  • Application EP 1 139 771 describes a food product comprising avocado oil but does not disclose concrete avocado oil, nor its palmitic acid content, nor its melting point.
  • Triglycerides are glycerol esters in which the 3 hydroxyl groups of glycerol are esterified with fatty acids.
  • R1, R2 and R3 being identical or different alkyl chains, saturated or unsaturated. If at least one of R1, R2 and/or R3 is a saturated alkyl chain with 16 carbon atoms (C16:0), this means that the hydroxyl group is esterified with palmitic acid.
  • R1, R2 and/or R3 is an alkyl chain with 16 carbon atoms having unsaturation (C16:1), this means that the hydroxyl group is esterified with palmitoleic acid.
  • R1, R2 and/or R3 are a saturated alkyl chain with 18 carbon atoms (C18:0), this means that the hydroxyl group is esterified with stearic acid. If at least one of R1, R2 and/or R3 is an alkyl chain with 18 carbon atoms having unsaturation (C18:1), this means that the hydroxyl group is esterified with oleic acid.
  • R1, R2 and/or R3 is an alkyl chain with 18 carbon atoms having unsaturation (C18:2), this means that the hydroxyl group is esterified with linoleic acid.
  • a virgin oil is obtained by cold pressing the fruit or fruit pulp.
  • oil is meant an oil obtained after an extraction consisting in treating the fruit pulp (previously peeled and pitted) with hot water followed by centrifugation to separate the water and the fat.
  • crude oil is meant virgin oil or avocado oil, which has not been subjected to a refining process.
  • Refined oil means a virgin oil or an avocado oil that has been subjected to a refining process.
  • the process comprises the following steps: an acid treatment a neutralization step winterization or dewaxing a decolorization step a deodorization step.
  • the acid treatment is preferably an acid conditioning, making it possible to carry out a degumming and to eliminate the phospholipids.
  • Acid treatment is typically carried out using a weak acid, such as phosphoric acid or citric acid, or using a strong acid, such as sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid .
  • a weak acid such as phosphoric acid or citric acid
  • a strong acid such as sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid
  • the acid treatment is carried out with stirring, at a temperature between 30 and 70°C.
  • micro-filtration which is a low pressure membrane process, used for the filtration of colloids, or processes using biotechnology such as enzymatic degumming.
  • biotechnology such as enzymatic degumming.
  • the chemical neutralization which typically follows the acid treatment, makes it possible to eliminate the free fatty acids, to rid the oil of the phospholipids which have undergone the conditioning operation, to eliminate the metallic traces, and to facilitate the discoloration by destroying a certain number of pigments and colored compounds of oxidative origin.
  • Chemical neutralization is typically carried out using a basic agent such as soda, potassium carbonate or a tertiary amine (DMHA).
  • DMHA tertiary amine
  • the fatty acids are separated, by centrifugation or filtration, in the form of soaps which also contain the mucilages and various impurities eliminated during this treatment.
  • the discoloration which follows the chemical neutralization, generally makes it possible to eliminate the colored pigments that the neutralization has only very partially destroyed.
  • the bleaching is typically carried out using bleaching earths and/or charcoal, advantageously until a light or very light color of the avocado oil is obtained.
  • the bleaching earths used are natural clays of the montmorillonite type, consisting mainly of calcium and magnesium alumino silicates, and activated by acid treatment.
  • the activated carbons used can be obtained from peat, wood, lignite, coal or coconut shells. These products are typically activated at high temperature, either by steam or by a chemical process.
  • the freezing or winterization step which follows the discoloration, can be carried out at a temperature of between 5 and 18° C., advantageously for 1 to 15 days.
  • refined avocado oil is gradually cooled, preferably with slow stirring, to a temperature of the order of 10 to 12°C.
  • the oil is then maintained at this temperature for 48 hours, then is filtered under pressure. Freezing precipitates triglycerides rich in saturated fatty acids.
  • Deodorization which follows freezing, generally makes it possible to eliminate and extract volatile compounds and malodorous molecules as well as various contaminants such as pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
  • the deodorization is typically carried out at a temperature of between 150 and 210° C., advantageously under vacuum, generally under a stream of saturated steam or nitrogen.
  • the deodorization can for example be carried out under a pressure of between 2 and 20 mmHg.
  • the deodorization can be carried out at a temperature of the order of 180 to 200° C., under a pressure of the order of 4 to 6 mmHg.
  • a semi-refined oil is an oil that has undergone partial refining (without the winterization and deodorization steps).
  • Concrete material at 20° C. means an oil having a pour point, determined by the ASTM D 97 method, of between 8 and 15° C.
  • the invention relates to a concrete avocado oil characterized in that its palmitic acid content with respect to total fatty acids is included in a range going from 15 to 35% and its complete melting point is included in a range ranging from 20 to 50°C, avocado oil being obtained from avocado of varieties chosen from the list consisting of Hass, Fuerte, Bacon, Pinkerton, Ettinger, Lula, Ryan, Barker and/or Peruano.
  • the avocado is a Hass and/or Fuerte variety avocado.
  • the avocado is a Hass variety avocado.
  • the concrete avocado oil is not obtained from avocado of ++96 variety of Malaysian origin, in particular as defined in Yanty, N.A.M., Marikkar , J.M.N. 8i Long, K. Effect of Varietal Differences on Composition and Thermal Characteristics of Avocado Oil. J Am Oil Chem Soc 88, 1997-2003 (2011).
  • It also relates to a concrete avocado oil characterized in that its palmitic acid content relative to total fatty acids is within a range ranging from 20 to 30% and its complete melting point is within a range ranging from 20 to 50°C.
  • the full melting point is in the range of 23.0 to 40.0°C.
  • the full melting point is in the range of 25.0 to 35.0°C.
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention has a pour point determined by the ASTM D 97 method of between 8 and 15°C.
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention has a palmitic acid content increased by more than 25 to 75% relative to the starting raw material, preferably by more than 30 to 60%.
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention preferably obtained from avocado of the Hass variety, has a pour point determined by the ASTM D 97 method of between 8 and 15°C.
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention preferably obtained from Hass variety avocado, has a palmitic acid content increased by more than 25 at 75% relative to the starting raw material, preferably more than 30 to 60%.
  • the palmitic acid content is increased by at least 40% relative to the starting raw material.
  • the palmitic acid content is increased by at least 50% relative to the starting raw material.
  • starting raw material means an avocado oil obtained by extraction with petroleum ether, in particular according to the protocol as described in the article Yanty N A M et al " Effect of Varietal Differences on Composition and Thermal Characteristics of Avocado Oil", JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS' SOCIETY, SPRINGER-VERLAG, BERLIN/HEIDELBERG, vol. 88, no.
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention is obtained from co-products resulting from the refining or dewaxing of crude avocado oils, such as by example winterization residues
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention is characterized by a palmitic acid content increased by more than 25 to 75% compared to refined avocado oil, preferably by more than 30 to 60% .
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention exhibits cold resistance at 0° C. (273 K) of less than 2.0 hours.
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention exhibits cold resistance at 0° C. (273 K) of less than 1.5 hours.
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention exhibits cold resistance at 0° C. (273 K) of less than 1.0 hours.
  • Cold resistance means the time from which an oil becomes cloudy when it is maintained at a temperature of 0° C. under the conditions as described in the method known as the AOCS Cold Test (Ce 11-53 ).
  • the invention also relates to a concrete avocado oil as defined above, characterized in that it exhibits, in differential thermal analysis, a majority slow melting peak comprised of a majority slow melting peak comprised in an interval ranging from 30.0 to 50.0°C.
  • the invention also relates to a concrete avocado oil as defined above, characterized in that its content of triglycerides in which the palmitic acid is in position 2 of the glycerol is greater than or equal to 10% with respect to to the total triglyceride content.
  • the invention also relates to a concrete avocado oil as defined above, characterized in that its relative content of vector triglycerides of palmitoleic acid is greater than or equal to 4.5% relative to the total content in triglycerides.
  • concrete avocado oil is a source of palmitoleic acid.
  • palmitoleic acid is a constituent fatty acid of the glycerides stored in human adipose tissue. It is produced by biosynthesis from palmitic acid under the action of the enzyme stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (D9 desaturase). It is known for its anti-inflammatory and PPAR-alpha activating activity ⁇ Vannice GK & coll (2018).
  • Is Palmitoleic Acid a Plausible Nonpharmacological St rate g y to P revent or Control Chronic Metabolic and Inflammatory Disorders. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research; 62 (1), 1700504).
  • Palmitoleic acid is also the most abundant monoene acid in sebum and which also has significant antimicrobial activity (. JJ Wille & coll. Palmitoleic Acid Isomer (C16: ldelta6) in Human Skin Sebum is Effective against Gram-Positive Bacteria Skin Pharmacol Appl Skin Physiol May-June 2003;16(3), 176-87).
  • the invention also relates to a concrete avocado oil as defined above, characterized in that its relative triolein content is less than or equal to 25%, preferably less than or equal to 23% with respect to the content total triglycerides.
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention is characterized in that it exhibits, in differential thermal analysis, a majority slow melting peak between 30.0 and 50.0°C. Consequently, concrete avocado oil is a soft concrete fat at 25°C, unlike virgin or refined avocado oils, which are completely fluid at 25°C and do not present in differential thermal analysis a majority peak of slow melting between 30.0 and 50.0°C.
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention is characterized in that it is obtained by extraction in the absence of organic solvent, preferably in the absence of solvent.
  • organic solvent means any solvent comprising organic compounds which contain carbon atoms, in particular solvents of petroleum origin.
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention is characterized in that it is obtained by extraction in the absence of petroleum ether.
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention is characterized in that it is obtained by at least one winterization step.
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention is characterized in that it is obtained by at least one step of winterization and absence of organic solvent, preferably in the absence of solvent.
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention preferably obtained from Hass variety avocado, can be obtained from fresh or dehydrated fruits as starting plant raw materials.
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention preferably obtained from Hass variety avocado, can also be obtained from crude avocado oils obtained from fresh or dehydrated fruits.
  • the crude oils can be obtained by cold pressing, by extraction using a solvent or supercritical fluids, by aqueous extraction according in particular to the so-called centrifugal method or alternatively aqueous extraction assisted by enzymes.
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention preferably obtained from avocado of the Hass variety, can also be obtained from by-products resulting from the refining or dewaxing of crude avocado oils, such as by example winterization residues.
  • the concrete avocado oil is prepared from winterization residues resulting from the dewaxing of crude avocado oils, virgin oils, semi-refined oils or even refined oils.
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention preferably obtained from avocado of the Hass variety, is refined according to a process identical to those used in the field of vegetable oils.
  • Refining process means a physical or chemical refining process. Refining includes all known steps or at least one of them. These steps are as follows:
  • bleaching on bleaching earth in the presence of activated clay or not) and/or in the presence of activated carbon, with or without silicate;
  • the concrete avocado oil can undergo a second or more successive cold crystallization stages in order to increase the palmitic acid content.
  • the invention relates to a process for obtaining a concrete avocado oil, preferably obtained from Hass variety avocado, characterized in that it is implemented from:
  • the process for obtaining a concrete avocado oil is implemented from co-products resulting from the refining or dewaxing of crude avocado oils, preferably winterization residues, or it comprises a step of using co-products from the refining or dewaxing of crude avocado oils, preferably winterization residues, it has the advantage of using a conventionally non-recovered co-product of the avocado oil preparation process.
  • the concrete oil thus obtained is therefore of significant interest from an ecological and environmental point of view.
  • the invention also relates to a process for obtaining a concrete avocado oil as described above, characterized in that it is implemented from:
  • the invention also relates to a process for obtaining a concrete avocado oil, as described above, characterized in that it is implemented from:
  • the invention also relates to a process for obtaining a concrete avocado oil, preferably obtained from avocado of the Hass variety, as described above, characterized in that it is implemented at leave :
  • the invention also relates to a process for obtaining a concrete avocado oil preferably obtained from avocado of the Hass variety, as previously described, characterized in that it is implemented from :
  • the invention also relates to a process for obtaining a concrete avocado oil, as described above, characterized in that it is implemented from:
  • the process for obtaining a concrete avocado oil preferably obtained from avocado of the Hass variety, as described above, characterized in that it is implemented from:
  • the invention also relates to a method of obtaining as described above, characterized in that it comprises, before the deodorization step, at least one of the following steps:
  • the invention also relates to a process for obtaining such as described above, characterized in that it further comprises a step of fractionation by hydrolysis.
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention is in the form of a concrete raw material at 20° C. having emollient and spreading properties, in particular spreadable properties.
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention is characterized in that it can easily be formulated for the preparation of cosmetic and food products.
  • the invention also relates to a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition, characterized in that it comprises, in a cosmetically or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, a concrete avocado oil according to the invention.
  • a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the invention is characterized in that it also comprises an active principle.
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention is intended to be incorporated into cosmetic products as active ingredient or functional raw material.
  • the invention also relates to the use of the concrete oil according to the invention, for the preparation of cosmetic and/or nutraceutical composition.
  • the invention also relates to the use of the concrete oil according to the invention, preferably obtained from avocado of the Hass variety, for the preparation of cosmetic and/or nutraceutical composition.
  • Cosmetic product means any substance or any mixture intended to be brought into contact with the healthy superficial parts of the human body (healthy epidermis, healthy hair and capillary systems, healthy nails, healthy lips and healthy external genitalia) or with healthy teeth and healthy oral mucous membranes with a view, exclusively or mainly, to cleaning them, perfuming them, modifying their appearance, protecting them, keeping them in good condition or correcting body odors (Article 2 cosmetic regulation and article L.5131-1 of the CSP).
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention can be incorporated into the various categories of cosmetic products which are products for healthy skin, hygiene products, hair products, depilatory products, products for nail care and makeup.
  • Products for healthy skin are understood to mean creams, emulsions, lotions, gels and oils for the skin, beauty masks, liquid foundations, pastes and/or powders, powders for make-up, powders to be applied after bathing, powders for personal hygiene, preparations for baths and showers chosen in particular from salts, foams, oils and/or gels, sunscreen products, tanning products without sun, products for whitening the skin, anti-wrinkle products, shaving products chosen in particular from soaps, foams and/or lotions, make-up and make-up removal products, products intended to be applied to the lips.
  • hygiene products toilet soaps, deodorant soaps, dental and oral hygiene products, external intimate hygiene products, deodorants and antiperspirants.
  • Hair products are understood to mean hair dyes, products for waving, straightening and setting the hair, styling products, hair cleaning products chosen in particular from lotions, powders and/or shampoos, hair care products chosen in particular from lotions, creams and/or oils, styling products chosen in particular from lotions, lacquers and /or brilliantines.
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention is incorporated into a composition that is physiologically, cosmetologically and dermatologically acceptable.
  • This composition can be aqueous, aqueous-alcoholic or even comprise an aqueous phase combined or not with an oily phase.
  • the composition containing the concrete avocado oil according to the invention can be a single or triple emulsion which may or may not contain liposomes, niosomes or even oleosomes .
  • emulsions can be nano or microemulsions.
  • compositions intended for the skin and hair may contain moisturizing and humectant agents chosen without limitation from the group consisting of alpha, beta and gamma hydroxy acids (in particular lactic, malic, citric, glycolic, tartaric and gluconic acids) , sodium-2 pyrrolidone, mucopolysaccharides, proteoglycans, glycoaminoglycans, glucans, glycols (glycerol, polyglycerols, propylene glycol, 1,3 propanediol, pentanediol, hexanediol), hyaluronic acid, protein hydrolysates, soluble collagens, urea, D-panthenol, vitamin E esters (linoleate, acetate), lanolin and its derivatives.
  • moisturizing and humectant agents chosen without limitation from the group consisting of alpha, beta and gamma hydroxy acids (in particular lactic, malic, citric
  • compositions intended for the skin and hair may contain hydrophilic and/or lipophilic emollients, belonging in a non-limiting way to the group consisting of vegetable oils, synthetic triglycerides (medium-chain triglycerides for example), vegetable butters and synthetic oils, hydrogenated oils, benzoic acid esters, mineral oils, linear and branched hydrocarbons of mineral or vegetable origin, ethers, fatty acid esters, synthetic fatty alcohols and of vegetable origin , Guerbet alcohols, glycol esters (for example propylene glycol di-caprylate/caprate), polyethylene and propylene glycol esters, silicones (in particular volatile cyclomethicones, linear polysiloxanes such as dimethicones and alkyl or phenyl trimethicones).
  • hydrophilic and/or lipophilic emollients belonging in a non-limiting way to the group consisting of vegetable oils, synthetic triglycerides (medium-chain triglycerides for
  • compositions for skin and hair may contain thickening agents which may belong, without limitation, to the group consisting of mineral, vegetable and synthetic waxes (example: carnauba, candelilla, sunflower wax), hydrogenated glycerides , fatty acids, fatty alcohols, cellulose derivatives (in particular methyl, ethyl and propyl cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose), starch and its derivatives (dextrose, dextrins, sodium starch polyacrylate, aluminum octylsuccinate), natural gums (arabic, guar, carob, tragacanth), pectins, agar, alginates, carrageenans, xanthan gums, gelatin, mineral oxides (silica, bentonite, aluminosilicates), stearates of aluminum and magnesium, zinc stearate, crosslinked or non-crosslinked carbomers, C10-C30 alkyl acrylates, polyolefins such as polybutylene glycol
  • compositions intended for the skin and hair in the form of emulsions contain emulsifying surfactants in known manner.
  • these emulsifiers belong to the group consisting of cationic, anionic, nonionic and amphoteric surfactants.
  • These agents include fatty acid soaps, alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl and olefin sulfonates, sulfosuccinates, acyl isothionates, sulfated alkanolamides, imidazole sulfates, taurine and methyl taurine sulfonates, alkyl phosphates, quaternary ammoniums, ethoxylated amines, imidazolines, alkyl amines, lecithins, ethoxylated fatty alcohols and phenyl alcohols, sucroesters (of sorbitol, of glucose, of sucrose), oxyethylenated sugars, alkylpolyglucosides (APG) , monoglycerides, polyglycerol esters, dimethicone copolyols.
  • APG alkylpoly
  • compositions intended for the skin and hair can also be sun protection products. Consequently, the sunscreen compositions contain, without limitation, chemical filters and mineral filters. Among these filters we find in a non-limiting way, UV-B and UV-A filters such as octyl methylcinnamate, methyl benzylidene camphor, phenylbenzimidazole sulphonic acid, octyl triazole, avobenzone, octyl sallycilate, octyl dimethyl paba, octocrylene, benzophenones, methyl anthralinate, zinc and titanium oxides.
  • UV-B and UV-A filters such as octyl methylcinnamate, methyl benzylidene camphor, phenylbenzimidazole sulphonic acid, octyl triazole, avobenzone, octyl sallycilate, octyl dimethyl p
  • compositions intended for the skin and hair may contain the usual agents such as active principles, preservatives, perfumes, pigments, complexing agents, anti-odors, anti-perspirants, antioxidants, solvents ( alcohols, glycols).
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention is incorporated as an agent for the cosmetic treatment of healthy keratin fibers (healthy skin, healthy hair, healthy nails, healthy eyelashes).
  • the invention therefore also relates to the use of the concrete oil according to the invention, as an active ingredient for the cosmetic treatment of healthy skin and/or healthy keratin fibers, in particular healthy hair, healthy nails and/or healthy eyelashes.
  • the invention therefore also relates to the use of the concrete oil according to the invention, preferably obtained from avocado of the Hass variety, as an active ingredient for the cosmetic treatment of healthy skin and/or healthy keratin fibres, in particular healthy hair, healthy nails and/or healthy eyelashes.
  • More particularly concrete avocado oil is a lipid-replenishing, nutritive, moisturizing agent, constituent of the hydrolipidic film but also as a promoter of the synthesis of epidermal lipids, as an agent for treating mature skin, winter xerosis, atopy, eczema, alopecia, dandruff or even keratin fibers attacked by UV rays or aggressive substances (shampoos, substances used in hair coloring, drugs, etc.).
  • the invention therefore relates to the cosmetic use of the concrete oil according to the invention, as a lipid-replenishing, nutritive, anti-dandruff and/or moisturizing agent for healthy skin, in particular healthy scalp and/or for the cosmetic treatment of healthy skin and/or healthy keratin fibers attacked by UV rays or aggressive substances, in particular shampoos, substances used in hair coloring and/or medicines.
  • the invention also relates to the concrete oil according to the invention, for its pharmaceutical use, preferably dermatological, for preventing and/or treating winter xerosis, atopy, eczema and/or alopecia.
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention is also incorporated as a substitute for mineral oils and lanolins.
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention is also incorporated to combat the effects of actinic, chronological and photo-induced ageing. It can also be used as an anti-pollution and anti-allergenic film-forming agent or even as a protector of the skin microbiota.
  • the cosmetic composition according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises from 0.1 to 95.0% by mass of concrete avocado oil according to the invention with respect to the total mass of said composition.
  • the cosmetic composition according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises from 1.0 to 90.0% by mass of concrete avocado oil according to the invention with respect to the total mass of said composition.
  • the cosmetic composition according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises from 2.0 to 75.0% by mass of concrete avocado oil according to the invention with respect to the total mass of said composition.
  • concrete avocado oil will be associated with a surfactant of chemically transformed vegetable origin chosen in the group consisting of lecithins, alkyl betaines, ethoxylated fatty alcohols, PEG and PPG esters, sucroesters, oxyethylenated sugars, sorbitol esters, alkylpolyglucosides (APG), monoglycerides, polyglycerol esters, alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates and sulfonates.
  • a surfactant of chemically transformed vegetable origin chosen in the group consisting of lecithins, alkyl betaines, ethoxylated fatty alcohols, PEG and PPG esters, sucroesters, oxyethylenated sugars, sorbitol esters, alkylpolyglucosides (APG), monoglycerides, polyglycerol esters, alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether s
  • concrete avocado oil (CHA) will be associated with a thickening agent of chemically transformed vegetable origin chosen from the group consisting of alginates, carrageenans, celluloses and modified starches, pectins, xanthan, guar, arabic gums.
  • concrete avocado oil (CHA) will be associated with an emollient agent of chemically transformed plant origin chosen from the group consisting of C8 to C18 fatty acid esters. and alkanes.
  • concrete avocado oil will be combined with a vegetable lipid or with one of its fractions, chosen from the group consisting of coconut, palm and , palm kernel, olive, argan, soy, sunflower, rapeseed, rice bran, corn, cotton, wheat germ, sweet almond, avocado, safflower; hemp, walnut, hazelnut, camelina, evening primrose, borage, blackcurrant, moringa, andiroba, jojoba, macadamia, Brazil nut, crambe, karanja, passionflower, castor, flax, pracaxi, buruti, baobab, calendula, pumpkin seed, sesame, grapeseed, cuphea, babassu, marula, passionflower, apricot, chia, cranberry, perilla, raspberry, blueberry, shea butters, cocoa, mango, illipe, cupuacu, murumuru, kokum, sal
  • concrete avocado oil will be associated with a surfactant of chemically transformed plant origin chosen from the group consisting of lecithins, alkyl betaines, ethoxylated fatty alcohols, PEG esters and PPG, sucroesters, oxyethylenated sugars, sorbitol esters, alkyl polyglucosides (APG), monoglycerides, polyglycerol esters, alkyl sulphates, alkyl ether sulphates and sulphonates.
  • a surfactant of chemically transformed plant origin chosen from the group consisting of lecithins, alkyl betaines, ethoxylated fatty alcohols, PEG esters and PPG, sucroesters, oxyethylenated sugars, sorbitol esters, alkyl polyglucosides (APG), monoglycerides, polyglycerol esters, alkyl sulphates, alkyl ether sulphates and sul
  • concrete avocado oil will be associated with a vegetable lipid or with one of its fractions, chosen from the group consisting of coconut, palm, palm kernel, olive and argan oils. , soy, sunflower, rapeseed, rice bran, corn, cotton, wheat germ, sweet almond, avocado, safflower; hemp, walnut, hazelnut, camelina, evening primrose, borage, blackcurrant, moringa, andiroba, jojoba, macadamia, Brazil nut, crambe, karanja, passionflower, castor, flax, pracaxi, buruti, calendula, baobab, pumpkin seed, sesame, grapeseed, cuphea, babassu, marula, passionflower, apricot, chia, cranberry, perilla, raspberry, blueberry, shea butters, cocoa, mango, illipe, cupuacu, murumuru, kokum, sal.
  • concrete avocado oil will be associated with a vegetable lipid or with one of its fractions, chosen from the group consisting of coconut, palm, palm kernel, olive and argan oils. , soy, sunflower, rapeseed, rice bran, corn, cotton, wheat germ, sweet almond, avocado, safflower; hemp, walnut, hazelnut, camelina, evening primrose, borage, blackcurrant, moringa, andiroba, jojoba, macadamia, Brazil nut, crambe, karanja, passionflower, castor, flax, pracaxi, buruti, calendula, baobab, pumpkin seed, sesame, grapeseed, cuphea, babassu, marula, passionflower, apricot, chia, cranberry, perilla, raspberry, blueberry, shea butters, cocoa, mango, illipe, cupuacu, murumuru, kokum, sal.
  • concrete avocado oil will be combined with a wax of vegetable or animal origin chosen from the group consisting of carnauba wax, candelilla, rice bran, sunflower , castor, jojoba, bee.
  • the invention also relates to a food composition, characterized in that it comprises a concrete avocado oil according to the invention.
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention is intended to be incorporated into food products as active principle or functional raw material.
  • food product is meant foods for everyday consumption, food supplements as well as clinical nutrition.
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention can be advantageously incorporated into solid, liquid or sprayable food compositions based on lipids and more particularly, table oils, frying oils, margarines, pasta spreads, pastries, ready meals, chocolate products and confectionery.
  • Concrete avocado oil can also be used in food compositions as a thickening agent, rheology modifier, film former, coating agent, lubricant, carrier for additives, flavorings and vitamins.
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention can also be incorporated into solid or liquid food supplements, in particular in a water-dispersible form or even more advantageously in soft capsules.
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention is incorporated as a re-balancing agent for monounsaturated fatty acid intake or as a source of palmitic and palmitoleic acid.
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention is a lipid-replenishing, nutritive, moisturizing agent, reconstituting the hydrolipidic film but also as a promoter of the synthesis of epidermal lipids, as an agent for treating mature skin, winter xerosis, atopy, eczema, alopecia, dandruff or even keratin fibers attacked by UV rays or aggressive substances chosen in particular from shampoos, substances used in hair coloring and/or medicaments.
  • the invention relates to the use as an active ingredient in food supplements for cosmetic purposes, of the concrete oil according to the invention, as a lipid-replenishing, nutritive, anti-dandruff and/or moisturizing agent for the skin.
  • healthy in particular of the healthy scalp and/or for the cosmetic treatment of healthy skin and/or healthy keratin fibers damaged by UV rays or aggressive substances, in particular shampoos, substances used in hair coloring and/or medicines.
  • the food composition according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises from 0.1 to 98.0% by mass of concrete avocado oil according to the invention with respect to the total mass of said composition.
  • the food composition according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises from 1.0 to 90.0% by mass of concrete avocado oil according to the invention with respect to the total mass of said composition.
  • the food composition according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises from 2.0 to 75.0% by mass of concrete avocado oil according to the invention with respect to the total mass of said composition.
  • concrete avocado oil will be associated with a vegetable lipid or with one of its fractions, chosen from the group consisting of coconut, palm, palm kernel, olive, soy, sunflower, rapeseed, rice bran, corn, cotton, wheat germ, avocado, safflower; hemp, walnut, hazelnut, camelina, evening primrose, borage, blackcurrant, flax, pumpkin seed, sesame, grape seed, chia, cranberry, perilla, shea butter, cocoa, mango, sal.
  • coconut, palm, palm kernel olive, soy, sunflower, rapeseed, rice bran, corn, cotton, wheat germ, avocado, safflower; hemp, walnut, hazelnut, camelina, evening primrose, borage, blackcurrant, flax, pumpkin seed, sesame, grape seed, chia, cranberry, perilla, shea butter, cocoa, mango, sal.
  • concrete avocado oil will be associated with a vitamin chosen from the group consisting of vitamin A, C, E, D, K, Bl, B2, B3, B5, B6, B8, B9, B12, niacin, folic acid, pantothenic acid and biotin.
  • concrete avocado oil will be associated with a mineral salt chosen from the group consisting of calcium, magnesium, iron, copper, iodine, zinc, manganese, potassium, selenium , chromium, molybdenum, fluoride, chlorine and phosphorus.
  • Example 1 Preparation of a Refined avocado Oil and of a Concrete avocado Oil
  • 20 kg of fresh avocado of the Hass variety of Mexican origin are peeled and pitted to extract the pulp.
  • the pulp is then ground in a blender to obtain a homogeneous puree.
  • 20 liters of hot water at 60° C. are then added to a stirred reactor and the mixture is stirred at 500 rpm for 40 minutes.
  • the mixture is then centrifuged to separate the liquid phase consisting of a water-oil emulsion.
  • the operation is repeated 3 times.
  • the liquid phases are then left to stand for 10 hours in order to separate the water and the oil by decantation.
  • 1.81 kg of crude avocado oil are recovered.
  • the oil obtained has an acidity of 1.5% in oleic acid equivalent.
  • a fluid oil (MG 1) and 262 g of filter cake are then recovered in the form of a concrete fat (MG 2).
  • the fluid oil MG1 and the concrete fat MG 2 are separately deodorized under vacuum at 200° C., under a vacuum of 5 mbar and by continuous injection of steam (2 g of steam per 100 g of body fat), for 90 minutes.
  • the refined fluid oil Al and a concrete oil at 20° C. according to the invention are then obtained respectively (concrete avocado oil El).
  • the concrete oil of avocado El has a palmitic acid content increased by more than 44% compared to the refined avocado oil obtained according to a conventional process (oil Al);
  • the palmitoleic acid content of the concrete oil of avocado El is very slightly higher than oil Al;
  • concrete avocado oil El is an ingredient enriched in palmitic acid without significant alteration of the nutritional qualities of conventional avocado oil in terms of monounsaturated, polyunsaturated and unsaponifiable fatty acids.
  • Table 2 Comparative analysis of the triglyceride composition of Al oil and El avocado concrete oil.
  • radicals derived from fatty acids are abbreviated as: - L for linoleic acid,
  • Concrete avocado oil El and oil Al have a completely different composition of triglycerides;
  • the concrete oil of avocado El is enriched with triglycerides PPoO, PoOO, PPL, PPP, and PPL and in particular, with triglycerides in which the palmitic acid is in position sn2 of the glycerol, that is to say say the most bioavailable position orally.
  • the concrete oil of avocado El is also enriched in triglycerides vectors of palmitoleic acid (PPoO and PoOO).
  • the concrete oil of avocado El is an ingredient enriched in palmitic acid that is highly bioavailable through food.
  • Example 2 “body care cream” cosmetic composition containing concrete avocado oil.
  • Example 3 cosmetic composition of deodorant stick containing concrete avocado oil.
  • Example 4 food supplement composition in soft capsules containing the avocado oil extract.
  • Example 5 food composition of chocolate spread containing concrete avocado oil.
  • Example 6 Substitution of conventional avocado oil in a cosmetic cream/Effect on the amount of thickener
  • 2 formulations of mayonnaise are prepared according to the same operating procedure which consists in emulsifying, using a homogenizer, a first phase consisting of water, a thickener and an aroma.
  • the egg yolk, the sodium chloride and the preservative, the vinegar and finally the avocado vegetable oil are then added in 4 distinct and successive stages.
  • the preparation is carried out at a temperature of 20° C. and under a vacuum of 400 mbar.
  • the 2 formulations are kept in the refrigerator at 5° C. and in contact with air for 15 days.
  • the compositions and characteristics of these 2 formulations are shown in the table below:
  • formulas A and B which have identical contents of refined avocado oil Al and concrete avocado oil El, differ in their respective contents of thickening agent (guar gum). However, it is observed that their viscosity is substantially identical whereas the guar gum content of formula B has been reduced by more than 35%. This result demonstrates that the concrete oil of avocado El according to the invention exhibits an intrinsic thickening activity and makes it possible to reduce the quantity of thickening agent.
  • the Rancimat method is an accelerated aging test. During a constant increase in temperature in the reaction vessel, air is forced through the sample. It measures the time it takes for the product to oxidize and defines the oxidation induction or stability time (OSI).
  • OSI oxidation induction or stability time
  • the refined avocado oil Al and the concrete avocado oil El according to the invention were the subject of this analysis according to standard NF EN ISO 6886. The results obtained are collated in the table below:
  • the concrete oil of avocado El according to the invention has an induction time significantly greater than that of conventional avocado oil Al and therefore a better resistance to oxidation.
  • Example 9 (comparatifl-Concrete oil of avocado according to the invention as a source of palmitic acid of high purity
  • the oily phase is then separated from the heavy aqueous phase and then washed in a stirred reactor in the presence of 100 ml of hot water (60° C.). After decantation and recovery of the oily phase, the operation is repeated until the washing water is neutral.
  • the oily phase is then dried under vacuum (100 mbar) on a rotary evaporator.
  • the oily phase is then stored at 12° C. for 24 hours in order to crystallize the saturated fatty acids.
  • the mixture is then filtered through a Büchner filter and the cake washed 3 times with 100 ml of cold hexane (15° C.). The cake obtained is finally dried under study at 40° C. for 10 hours.
  • the palmitic acid content of the fatty acids obtained from the concrete oil of avocado El according to the invention is 96% and proves to be significantly higher than that of the fatty acids obtained from refined palm oil. . Therefore, concrete oil of avocado El makes it possible to obtain palmitic acid of higher purity.
  • Example 10 Comparison of the physicochemical and organoleptic stability of a cosmetic oil-in-water emulsion PH/E1 based on mineral oil, refined avocado oil or concrete avocado oil according to 'invention
  • An emulsion A is prepared from concrete avocado oil according to the invention as prepared in Example 1 (concrete avocado oil El), an emulsion B comprising a paraffin oil (INCI: Paraffinum Liquidum) sold under the name of CODEX STANDARD L PARAFFIN OIL by the company AiglonTM, and an emulsion C comprising a refined avocado oil VIRGIN and BIOLOGICAL AVOCADO OILTM from the company EMILE NO ⁇ LTM, all elements being equal by elsewhere, according to the following protocol.
  • a paraffin oil INCI: Paraffinum Liquidum
  • CODEX STANDARD L PARAFFIN OIL by the company AiglonTM
  • an emulsion C comprising a refined avocado oil VIRGIN and BIOLOGICAL AVOCADO OILTM from the company EMILE NO ⁇ LTM, all elements being equal by elsewhere, according to the following protocol.
  • the Concrete Avocado El oil according to the invention or Paraffin oil (Paraffinum Liquidum), or refined avocado oil is mixed with the Caprylic triglyceride / Capric and the mixture of cetearyl alcohol and cetearyl glucoside in the proportions indicated in the table below below to reach a total weight of 300 grams.
  • the mixture is heated up to 80°C under magnetic stirring and constitutes phase 1.
  • the water, glycerin, xanthan gum and the phenoxyethanol mixture are mixed and Parabens. This mixture is heated to 80°C with magnetic stirring and constitutes phase 2.
  • phase 1 is slowly poured into phase 2, with rotor/stator stirring, at a speed of 3000 rpm. Stirring is maintained for 5 minutes then the mixture is cooled using a cold water bath, with planetary stirring, at a stirring speed of between 700 and 1200 rpm, until the temperature of the emulsion thus obtained reaches 30°C.
  • the viscosity measurement was performed using a NEWTRY NDJ-1 brand viscometer, using rotor No. 4, and a speed of 30 revolutions/s.
  • emulsions A and B have a similar appearance, pH, color and smell.
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention induces a slight increase in viscosity, without this modifying the fluidity of the emulsion.
  • emulsion C is very tinted with a very marked vegetable odor.
  • the emulsion comprising concrete avocado oil according to the invention therefore has a significant advantage over the emulsion comprising refined avocado oil, in particular for uses for cosmetic, pharmaceutical or food formulations over with refined avocado oil.
  • Emulsions A and B are then subjected to an accelerated aging test carried out in an oven at 45° C., in air and for 60 days. [000188] Appearance, color and smell are estimated organoleptically.
  • IP peroxide index
  • the viscosity index is measured using a NEWTRY NDJ-1 brand viscometer, using rotor No. 4, and a speed of 30 revolutions/s.
  • balm A concrete oil of avocado El according to the invention as prepared in Example 1
  • balm B a commercial paraffin oil sold by the company AiglonTM
  • balms A and B are reproduced below:
  • Balms A and B are then subjected to an accelerated aging test carried out in an oven at 45° C., in air and for 60 days.
  • IP peroxide index
  • the concrete avocado oil according to the invention has an oxidation resistance identical to that of mineral oil without adding antioxidants to the formula.
  • rapeseed oil (INCI name Brassica Campestris Seed Oil).
  • this oil known for its poor resistance to oxidation, is largely responsible for the increase in the peroxide index of the two balms. Consequently, in the absence of antioxidant, the concrete avocado oil according to the invention reinforces the protection of the rapeseed oil against oxidation within the formula and this, in an almost identical way to the oil of paraffin.
  • Example 12 Comparison of the sensory properties of a cosmetic oil-in-water emulsion PH/E1 based on mineral oil or concrete avocado oil according to the invention
  • a sensory analysis is carried out on a panel of 20 women with emulsions A and B as prepared in Example 10, in order to compare the sensory performance of an emulsion comprising a concrete avocado oil according to the invention. and a conventional paraffin oil emulsion.
  • emulsion A comprising concrete avocado oil according to the invention results equivalent to emulsion B comprising paraffin oil.
  • the cosmetic compositions in the form of an emulsion comprising the concrete avocado oil according to the invention therefore have a certain sensory advantage for the user compared to the cosmetic compositions comprising a paraffin oil. .

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Abstract

The invention relates to an avocado solid oil characterized in that the palmitic acid content thereof relative to the total fatty acids is between 15% and 35% and the complete melting point thereof is within an interval ranging from 20°C to 50°C, the avocado oil being obtained from avocado of a variety chosen from the list consisting of Hass, Fuerte, Bacon, Pinkerton, Ettinger, Lula, Ryan, Barker and/or Peruano. The invention also relates to a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition, characterized in that it comprises, in a cosmetically or pharmaceutically acceptable support, an avocado solid oil according to the invention. The invention also relates to a method for obtaining an avocado solid oil, characterized in that said method is carried out using: - fresh or dehydrated fruits, - crude avocado oils, or - coproducts derived from the refining or dewaxing of crude avocado oils.

Description

HUILE CONCRETE D'AVOCAT ENRICHIE EN ACIDE PALMITIQUE CONCRETE AVOCADO OIL ENRICHED WITH PALMITIC ACID
[0001] La présente invention concerne une huile concrète d'avocat obtenue à caractérisée en qu'elle présente une teneur en acide palmitique significativement supérieure à l'huile d'avocat classique. L'invention concerne aussi l'utilisation de ladite huile dans les domaines cosmétique, pharmaceutique et alimentaire. The present invention relates to a concrete avocado oil obtained characterized in that it has a palmitic acid content significantly higher than conventional avocado oil. The invention also relates to the use of said oil in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food fields.
[0002] L'huile d'avocat vierge ou raffinée, obtenue par pression à froid ou par extraction à l'eau (méthode dite centrifuge), est une huile couramment utilisée en cosmétique pour ses propriétés nutritives, émollientes et de pénétration dans les couches supérieures de l'épiderme. Elle est également appréciée en cosmétique pour sa bonne stabilité relative à l'oxydation et sa teneur en vitamine E naturelle (alpha tocophérol (Woolf & coll., Gourmet & Health-Promoting Speciality OIIs, pp 73-125, Edited by Robert A. Moreau and Ataf Kamal-Eldin. AOCS Press 2009.). [0002] Virgin or refined avocado oil, obtained by cold pressing or by water extraction (so-called centrifugal method), is an oil commonly used in cosmetics for its nutritive, emollient and diaper penetrating properties. upper epidermis. It is also appreciated in cosmetics for its good relative stability to oxidation and its natural vitamin E content (alpha tocopherol (Woolf & coll., Gourmet & Health-Promoting Specialty OIIs, pp 73-125, Edited by Robert A. Moreau and Ataf Kamal-Eldin. AOCS Press 2009.).
[0003] Plus récemment, l'huile d'avocat a connu un développement spectaculaire en nutrition humaine, en particulier aux Etats-Unis et au Royaume-Uni. Très appréciée pour ses vertus santé liées à sa forte teneur en acides gras monoinsaturés et en antioxydants, elle entre désormais en concurrence directe avec l'huile d'olive (Hilary S. First Report on Quality and Purity of Avocado oil Sold in the US. Food Control 116 (2020) 107328.). Par ailleurs, au plan gustatif l'huile d'avocat présente un arôme très légèrement beurré, dépourvu des notes souvent fortes des huiles d'olive de première pression à froid. [0003] More recently, avocado oil has undergone spectacular development in human nutrition, particularly in the United States and the United Kingdom. Much appreciated for its health benefits linked to its high content of monounsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, it now competes directly with olive oil (Hilary S. First Report on Quality and Purity of Avocado oil Sold in the US. Food Control 116 (2020) 107328.). Moreover, in terms of taste, avocado oil has a very slightly buttery aroma, devoid of the often strong notes of first cold-pressed olive oils.
[0004] Sa production mondiale annuelle est aujourd'hui estimée 160 000 tonnes dont 50% sont produits au Mexique, premier producteur mondial d'avocat de bouche avec plus de 1,5 millions de tonnes de fruits récoltés chaque année ( Fernandes & coll. Chemical Characterization of Commercial and Single-Variety Avocado OIIs. Grasa Y Aceites, Vol 69, N°2 (2018).). [0004] Its annual world production is currently estimated at 160,000 tonnes, 50% of which is produced in Mexico, the world's leading producer of avocado with more than 1.5 million tonnes of fruit harvested each year (Fernandes & coll. Chemical Characterization of Commercial and Single-Variety Avocado OIIs. Grasa Y Aceites, Vol 69, N°2 (2018).).
[0005] L'huile d'avocat est en réalité un coproduit de la production de fruit. Elle est en effet obtenue à partir de fruits déclassés pour des raisons de non-conformité aux critères du marché de grande consommation (aspect, fraîcheur, calibre, ...). Ainsi les fruits trop petits, cabossés ou atteints de maladies liés à l'attaque de nuisibles ou de champignons sont directement dédiés à la production d'huile ( South African Avocado Growers'Association Yearbook 1987. 10 : 159-162. TP Human. Proceedings of the First World Avocado Congress. Oil as a Byproduct of the Avocado). [0005] Avocado oil is actually a co-product of fruit production. It is in fact obtained from downgraded fruit for reasons of non-compliance with the criteria of the consumer market (appearance, freshness, size, etc.). Thus fruits that are too small, dented or affected by diseases linked to the attack of pests or fungi are directly dedicated to the production of oil (South African Avocado Growers' Association Yearbook 1987. 10: 159-162. TP Human. Proceedings of the First World Avocado Congress. Oil as a Byproduct of the Avocado).
[0006] L'huile d'avocat est extraite de la pulpe du fruit préalablement dénoyauté. L'avocat ( Persea Americana Mill.) est un fruit qualifié d'oléifère car sa pulpe est très riche en huile (> 15 %) et en eau (60 %). Au plan taxonomique, on distingue les races Mexicaine, Guatémaltèque et Ouest-Indienne. Les principales variétés issues des croisements de ces races et les plus cultivées aujourd'hui sont l'avocat Hass et Fuerte. Au Mexique, plus de 90 % de la production est de la variété Hass. Cette variété est connue pour être la plus concentrée en huile de pulpe (supérieure à 20 %). Les autres variétés cultivées dans le monde (Chili, Pérou, Afrique du Sud, Kenya, Nouvelle Zélande, ...) sont notamment les variétés Bacon, Pinkerton, Ettinger, Lula, Ryan, Barker, Peruano. [0007] Au niveau des procédés de production, on distingue les huiles d'avocat de première pression principalement destinées à la nutrition spécialisée et les huiles raffinées pour les marchés de la cosmétique et de l'alimentation courante. Les huiles de pression sont obtenues selon un procédé proche de celui de l'huile d'olive. Il s'agit d'une extraction consistant à traiter la pulpe de fruit (préalablement pelé et dénoyauté) à l'eau chaude suivie par une centrifugation permettant de séparer l'eau et la matière grasse ( Costagli & coll. Journal of Agricultural Engineering, 2015, Volume XLVI : 467, pp 115- 122) . [0006] The avocado oil is extracted from the pulp of the previously pitted fruit. The avocado (Persea Americana Mill.) is a fruit qualified as an oil-bearing fruit because its pulp is very rich in oil (> 15%) and water (60%). Taxonomically, we distinguish races Mexican, Guatemalan and West Indian. The main varieties resulting from the crosses of these breeds and the most cultivated today are the Hass and Fuerte avocado. In Mexico, more than 90% of production is of the Hass variety. This variety is known to be the most concentrated in pulp oil (over 20%). The other varieties cultivated in the world (Chile, Peru, South Africa, Kenya, New Zealand, etc.) include the Bacon, Pinkerton, Ettinger, Lula, Ryan, Barker, Peruano varieties. [0007] In terms of production processes, a distinction is made between first pressing avocado oils mainly intended for specialized nutrition and refined oils for the cosmetics and everyday food markets. Pressed oils are obtained by a process similar to that of olive oil. This is an extraction consisting in treating the fruit pulp (previously peeled and pitted) with hot water followed by centrifugation to separate the water and the fat (Costagli & coll. Journal of Agricultural Engineering, 2015, Volume XLVI: 467, pp 115-122).
[0008] Les huiles d'avocat raffinées sont quant à elles obtenues à partir des huiles brutes d'avocat, et le raffinage consiste à une neutralisation chimique à la soude, un dégommage acide, une winterisation, une décoloration sur terre décolorante suivie enfin d'une désodorisation sous vide. [0008] Refined avocado oils are obtained from crude avocado oils, and refining consists of chemical neutralization with soda, acid degumming, winterization, discoloration on bleaching earth followed finally by vacuum deodorization.
[0009] Sur le plan de sa composition en acides gras et toutes variétés confondues, l'huile de pulpe non raffinée est principalement constituée d'acide oléique (55 à 68 %), d'acide palmitique (13 à 22%) et d'acide linoléique (9 à 15%). On note également la présence d'acide palmitoléique à hauteur de 4 à 10 %. De même, les huiles d'avocat raffinées, les plus utilisées notamment en cosmétique et en alimentaire grand public, obtenues à partir de la variété Hass, ont plutôt des teneurs moyennes en acides oléique, palmitique et linoléique, respectivement proches de 60, 12 et 10 %. Le raffinage ayant pour but de proposer des huiles limpides qui ne troublent pas au froid avec des tenues au froid de 5,5 heures minimum à 0°C, conduit en effet à des pertes significatives en acides gras et notamment en acide palmitique. [0009] In terms of its fatty acid composition and all varieties combined, unrefined pulp oil consists mainly of oleic acid (55 to 68%), palmitic acid (13 to 22%) and linoleic acid (9 to 15%). We also note the presence of palmitoleic acid at 4 to 10%. Similarly, refined avocado oils, the most widely used in particular in cosmetics and food for the general public, obtained from the Hass variety, tend to have average contents of oleic, palmitic and linoleic acids, respectively close to 60, 12 and 10%. The purpose of refining is to provide clear oils which do not cloud in the cold with a cold resistance of at least 5.5 hours at 0°C, in fact leads to significant losses in fatty acids and in particular in palmitic acid.
[00010] En cosmétique, l'acide palmitique présente un grand intérêt au plan cutané. En effet, l'acide palmitique joue un rôle essentiel dans la synthèse des céramides du stratum corneum, en particulier les céramides 1 et 2. Ces céramides assurent l'intégrité de l'épiderme et la fonctionnalité du film hydrolipidique en termes d'hydratation et de maintien de l'homéostasie épidermique (J. Mclntosh. Organization of Skin Stratum Corneum Extracellular Matrix Lamellae: Diffraction Evidence for Assymetric Distribution of Cholestérol. Biophysical Journal, Volume 85, September 2003 : 1675-1681). [00010] In cosmetics, palmitic acid is of great interest in terms of the skin. Indeed, palmitic acid plays an essential role in the synthesis of ceramides of the stratum corneum, in particular ceramides 1 and 2. These ceramides ensure the integrity of the epidermis and the functionality of the hydrolipidic film in terms of hydration and maintaining epidermal homeostasis (J. McIntosh. Organization of Skin Stratum Corneum Extracellular Matrix Lamellae: Diffraction Evidence for Assymetric Distribution of Cholesterol. Biophysical Journal, Volume 85, September 2003: 1675-1681).
[00011] De même, l'acide palmitique intervient directement dans la morphogénèse de l'épiderme et la fonction d'effet barrière cutanée ( Mieremet & coll. Contribution of Palmitic Acid to Epidermal Morphogenesis and Lipid Barrier Function in Human Skin Equivalents. International of Molecular Sciences. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 6069. pp 1- 18). [00011] Similarly, palmitic acid is directly involved in the morphogenesis of the epidermis and the skin barrier effect function ( Mieremet & coll. Contribution of Palmitic Acid to Epidermal Morphogenesis and Lipid Barrier Function in Human Skin Equivalents. International of Molecular Sciences. Int. J.Mol. Science. 2019, 20, 6069. pp 1-18).
[00012] L'acide palmitique est un acide gras essentiel et constitutif des lipides du cheveu. Il est en effet l'acide le plus abondant de la fibre capillaire avec une teneur de 2760 pg/g de cheveu ( Sang-Sun Song & coll. Prévention of Lipids from Hair by Surface and Internai Modification. Nature Scientific Reports, (2019), 9-9834). Cette teneur en acide palmitique est fortement diminuée par les shampoings successifs qui tendent à dégrader la qualité de la fibre. Aussi, il est essentiel de pouvoir nourrir le cheveu par un apport régulier en acide palmitique via des produits de soin capillaire. De même, l'acide palmitique est aussi constitutif des céramides essentielles du cheveu. Des céramides qui jouent un rôle essential dans le maintien et la protection de la fibre capillaire contre les agressions externes telles que les UV, la pollution, la coloration chimique. Ainsi, l'acide palmitique est un des nutriments indispensables permettant de prévenir l'alopécie. [00013] Au plan nutritionnel, il existe une relation intime entre les adipocytes qui constituent les tissus gras de la peau et le follicule pileux du poil et du cheveu. En effet, de nombreux facteurs de croissance interagissent dans la relation adipocyte-follicule. Le follicule pileux est ainsi entouré d'un macro-environnement constitué de lipides fondamentaux, parmi lesquels on compte en abondance l'acide palmitique, lequel est aussi l'un des acides majeurs constitutifs des réserves énergétiques de l'adipocyte ( Schmidt & coll. Unraveling Hair Follicule-Adipocyte Communication. Exp Dermatol 2012 November 21(11) : 827-830 ). Les acides gras apportés par l'alimentation, stockés comme réserve d'énergie dans les adipocytes, contribuent donc au développement du follicule pileux, organe central de la synthèse de la fibre capillaire. Un apport nutritionnel adéquat et adapté pourrait avantageusement contribuer au développement d'un cheveu sain. [00012] Palmitic acid is an essential fatty acid which constitutes hair lipids. It is indeed the most abundant acid in the hair fiber with a content of 2760 pg/g of hair (Sang-Sun Song & coll. Prevention of Lipids from Hair by Surface and Internal Modification. Nature Scientific Reports, (2019) , 9-9834). This palmitic acid content is greatly reduced by successive shampoos which tend to degrade the quality of the fibre. Also, it is essential to be able to nourish the hair with a regular supply of palmitic acid via hair care products. Similarly, palmitic acid is also a constituent of the essential ceramides of the hair. Ceramides that play an essential role in maintaining and protecting the hair fiber against external aggressions such as UV, pollution, chemical coloring. Thus, palmitic acid is one of the essential nutrients to prevent alopecia. [00013] From a nutritional point of view, there is an intimate relationship between the adipocytes which constitute the fatty tissues of the skin and the hair follicle of the body hair. Indeed, many growth factors interact in the adipocyte-follicle relationship. The hair follicle is thus surrounded by a macro-environment made up of fundamental lipids, among which there is an abundance of palmitic acid, which is also one of the major acids constituting the energy reserves of the adipocyte (Schmidt et al. Unraveling Hair Follicle-Adipocyte Communication Exp Dermatol 2012 November 21(11): 827-830). The fatty acids provided by food, stored as an energy reserve in the adipocytes, therefore contribute to the development of the hair follicle, the central organ for the synthesis of the hair fibre. Adequate and adapted nutritional intake could advantageously contribute to the development of healthy hair.
[00014] Il est aussi connu que l'acide palmitique intervient biologiquement de façon cruciale au plan biologique puisqu'il permet une étape essentielle du renouvellement cellulaire par le biais de la palmitoylation des protéines constitutives des parois cellulaires (Linder, M.E., "Réversible modification of proteins with thioester-iinked fatty acids," Protein Lipidation, F. Tamanoi and D.S. Sigman, eds., pp. 215-40 (San Diego, CA : Academie Press, 2000). [00014] It is also known that palmitic acid is biologically involved in a crucial way at the biological level since it allows an essential step in cell renewal through the palmitoylation of the proteins that make up cell walls (Linder, M.E., "Réversible modification of proteins with thioester-inked fatty acids," Protein Lipidation, F. Tamanoi and D.S. Sigman, eds., pp. 215-40 (San Diego, CA: Academie Press, 2000).
[00015] En effet, les hydrates de carbone (sucres) sont transformés in vivo en acide palmitique, lequel est alors stocké dans les adipocytes. Alors que dans la prévention du diabète on encourage de limiter la consommation de sucres, un apport nutritionnel contrôlé en acide palmitique biodisponible constitue une voie intéressante pour produire des lipides de réserves sans emprunter la voie métabolique des sucres. [00015] Indeed, the carbohydrates (sugars) are transformed in vivo into palmitic acid, which is then stored in the adipocytes. While in the prevention of diabetes it is encouraged to limit the consumption of sugars, a controlled nutritional intake of bioavailable palmitic acid constitutes an interesting way to produce lipid reserves without taking the metabolic pathway of sugars.
[00016] Enfin, l'apport alimentaire principal en acide palmitique se fait par le biais de la consommation d'huile de palme, de viande et de produits laitiers. Or ces aliments sont actuellement suspectés d'être à l'origine des problèmes d'obésité et des maladies cardiovasculaires. De plus, pour des raisons environnementales, l'huile de palme fortement décriée tant en alimentaire qu'en cosmétique, tend à être remplacée par des huiles plus durables. [00016] Finally, the main dietary intake of palmitic acid is through the consumption of palm oil, meat and dairy products. But these foods are currently suspected of being the cause of obesity problems and cardiovascular diseases. In addition, for environmental reasons, palm oil, which is strongly decried both in food and in cosmetics, tends to be replaced by more sustainable oils.
[00017] Dans ce contexte, l'apport en acide palmitique via une source végétale plus respectueuse de l'environnement et permettant d'apporter conjointement des acides gras monoinsaturés n'est pas aujourd'hui satisfait. [00017] In this context, the supply of palmitic acid via a plant source which is more respectful of the environment and which makes it possible to supply monounsaturated fatty acids together is not currently satisfied.
[00018] La demande CA 2 628 950 décrit un procédé d'obtention d'une huile d'avocat riche en triglycérides. Le procédé consiste à produire 2 huiles par un procédé de distillation moléculaire : un distillât et une huile lourde correspondant à la fraction résidu de distillation. Après un raffinage classique, il apparaît que l'huile issue de la fraction résidu de distillation, dite fraction lourde, est enrichie en stérols, dépourvue d'insaponifiables (de type acétogénines et de lipides furanniques) et de glycérides partiels (mono et diglycérides), par comparaison à une huile qui n'aurait pas subi une distillation moléculaire. On note cependant que l'huile visée par l'invention est appauvrie en acide palmitique par rapport à l'huile de référence. [00018] Application CA 2 628 950 describes a process for obtaining an avocado oil rich in triglycerides. The process consists in producing 2 oils by a molecular distillation process: a distillate and a heavy oil corresponding to the distillation residue fraction. After conventional refining, it appears that the oil from the distillation residue fraction, known as the heavy fraction, is enriched in sterols, free of unsaponifiables (such as acetogenins and furan lipids) and partial glycerides (mono and diglycerides) , compared to an oil that has not undergone molecular distillation. It is however noted that the oil targeted by the invention is depleted in palmitic acid compared to the reference oil.
[00019] La demande PCT/FR01/00814 décrit un procédé de concentration des insaponifiables d'huiles végétales parmi lesquelles l'huile d'avocat est citée. La concentration des insaponifiables décrit un procédé de distillation moléculaire qui conduit à une huile concentrée en stérols et en vitamines liposolubles ainsi qu'à une huile résidu (fraction lourde) épuisée en insaponifiables. Pour autant ce procédé ne conduit pas à une huile enrichie en acide palmitique. [00019] Application PCT/FR01/00814 describes a process for concentrating the unsaponifiables of vegetable oils, among which avocado oil is mentioned. The concentration of unsaponifiables describes a molecular distillation process which leads to an oil concentrated in sterols and fat-soluble vitamins as well as a residue oil (heavy fraction) depleted in unsaponifiables. However, this process does not lead to an oil enriched in palmitic acid.
[00020] L'article Yanty N A M et al. : "Effect of Varietal Différences on Composition and Thermal Characteristics of Avocado Oil", JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS' SOCIETY, SPRINGER-VERLAG, BERLIN/HEIDELBERG, vol. 88, no. 12, 17 juin 2011 (2011-06-17), pages 1997-2003, XP019975762, ISSN : 1558-9331, DOI: 10.1007/S11746-011-1877-X décrit la comparaison entre les huiles issues d'avocats malaisiens et les huiles d'avocats de variété Hass. Ces deux huiles sont obtenues par extraction à l'éther de pétrole. On remarquera que les huiles d'avocats d'origine malaisiens ne sont pas obtenues à partir d'avocats de variétés Hass, Fuerte, Bacon, Pinkerton, Ettinger, Lula, Ryan, Barker et/ou Peruano. Les huiles d'avocat de variété Hass citées ne sont pas concrètes. [00020] The Yanty N A M et al. : "Effect of Varietal Differences on Composition and Thermal Characteristics of Avocado Oil", JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS' SOCIETY, SPRINGER-VERLAG, BERLIN/HEIDELBERG, vol. 88, no. 12, 17 June 2011 (2011-06-17), pages 1997-2003, XP019975762, ISSN: 1558-9331, DOI: 10.1007/S11746-011-1877-X describes the comparison between oils from Malaysian avocados and Hass variety avocado oils. These two oils are obtained by extraction with petroleum ether. It will be noted that the avocado oils of Malaysian origin are not obtained from avocados of the Hass, Fuerte, Bacon, Pinkerton, Ettinger, Lula, Ryan, Barker and/or Peruano varieties. The Hass variety avocado oils cited are not concrete.
[00021] La demande US 2005/058731 décrit une composition antimicrobienne comprenant de l'huile d'avocat mais ne divulgue pas d'huile concrète d'avocat ni sa teneur en acide palmitique ni son point de fusion. [00022] La demande EP 1 139 771 décrit un produit alimentaire comprenant de l'huile d'avocat mais ne divulgue pas d'huile concrète d'avocat, ni sa teneur en acide palmitique, ni son point de fusion. [00021] Application US 2005/058731 describes an antimicrobial composition comprising avocado oil but does not disclose concrete avocado oil or its palmitic acid content or its melting point. [00022] Application EP 1 139 771 describes a food product comprising avocado oil but does not disclose concrete avocado oil, nor its palmitic acid content, nor its melting point.
L'article Yanty N. et al. : "Effect of fractional crystallization on composition and thermal characteristics of avocado (Persea americana) butter", Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry, 25 novembre 2011 (2011-11-25), pages 2203-2209, XP055863496, Dordrecht DOI: 10.1007/sl0973-011-2055-y décrit un procédé d'extraction d'huile d'avocat à partir d'avocat d'une variété d’avocat malaisien. Ce procédé comprend une extraction à l'éther de pétrole, le mélange avec de l'acétone et des étapes successives de cristallisation/filtration. Le procédé ne comprend cependant pas d'étape de winterisation. Suite à la première étape de cristallisation/filtration, la fraction précipitée, appelée AVS, présente une teneur en acide palmitique largement supérieure à 35% par rapport à la teneur totale en triglycérides. On note également que ces huiles ne sont pas obtenues à partir d'avocats de variétés Hass, Fuerte, Bacon, Pinkerton, Ettinger, Lula, Ryan, Barker et/ou Peruano Yanty N. et al. : "Effect of fractional crystallization on composition and thermal characteristics of avocado (Persea americana) butter", Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry, November 25, 2011 (2011-11-25), pages 2203-2209, XP055863496, Dordrecht DOI: 10.1007/ sl0973-011-2055-y describes a process for extracting avocado oil from avocado of a variety of Malaysian avocado. This process comprises extraction with petroleum ether, mixing with acetone and successive crystallization/filtration steps. However, the method does not include a winterization step. Following the first crystallization/filtration step, the precipitated fraction, called AVS, has a palmitic acid content well above 35% relative to the total triglyceride content. It should also be noted that these oils are not obtained from avocados of the Hass, Fuerte, Bacon, Pinkerton, Ettinger, Lula, Ryan, Barker and/or Peruano varieties.
[00023] Certaines expressions ou mots peuvent être utilisés dans la présente demande pour indiquer des éléments techniques, faits, propriétés ou caractéristiques. Leur signification est donnée ci-après : [00023] Certain expressions or words may be used in this application to indicate technical elements, facts, properties or characteristics. Their meaning is given below:
[00024] Les triglycérides sont des esters du glycérol dans lesquels les 3 groupes hydroxyles du glycérol sont estérifiés par des acides gras. [00024] Triglycerides are glycerol esters in which the 3 hydroxyl groups of glycerol are esterified with fatty acids.
[00025] Leur formule générale est la suivante : Their general formula is as follows:
RI, R2 et R3 étant des chaînes alkyles, saturées ou insaturées identiques ou différentes. Si au moins un des Ri, R2 et/ou R3 est une chaîne alkyl saturée à 16 atomes de carbone (C16 :0), cela signifie que le groupement hydroxyle est estérifié par de l'acide palmitique. R1, R2 and R3 being identical or different alkyl chains, saturated or unsaturated. If at least one of R1, R2 and/or R3 is a saturated alkyl chain with 16 carbon atoms (C16:0), this means that the hydroxyl group is esterified with palmitic acid.
Si au moins un des Ri, R2 et/ou R3est une chaîne alkyl à 16 atomes de carbone présentant une insaturation (C16 : 1), cela signifie que le groupement hydroxyle est estérifié par de l'acide palmitoléique. If at least one of R1, R2 and/or R3 is an alkyl chain with 16 carbon atoms having unsaturation (C16:1), this means that the hydroxyl group is esterified with palmitoleic acid.
Si au moins un des Ri, R2 et/ou R3 est une chaîne alkyl saturée à 18 atomes de carbone (C18 :0), cela signifie que le groupement hydroxyle est estérifié par de l'acide stéarique. Si au moins un des Ri, R2 et/ou R3 est une chaîne alkyl à 18 atomes de carbone présentant une insaturation (C18 : 1), cela signifie que le groupement hydroxyle est estérifié par de l'acide oléique. If at least one of R1, R2 and/or R3 is a saturated alkyl chain with 18 carbon atoms (C18:0), this means that the hydroxyl group is esterified with stearic acid. If at least one of R1, R2 and/or R3 is an alkyl chain with 18 carbon atoms having unsaturation (C18:1), this means that the hydroxyl group is esterified with oleic acid.
Si au moins un des Ri, R2 et/ou R3 est une chaîne alkyl à 18 atomes de carbone présentant une insaturation (C18 :2), cela signifie que le groupement hydroxyle est estérifié par de l'acide linoléique. If at least one of R1, R2 and/or R3 is an alkyl chain with 18 carbon atoms having unsaturation (C18:2), this means that the hydroxyl group is esterified with linoleic acid.
[00026] Une huile vierge est obtenue par pression du fruit ou de la pulpe de fruit à froid. [00026] A virgin oil is obtained by cold pressing the fruit or fruit pulp.
[00027] Par huile, on entend une huile obtenue après une extraction consistant à traiter la pulpe de fruit (préalablement pelé et dénoyauté) à l'eau chaude suivie par une centrifugation permettant de séparer l'eau et la matière grasse. By oil is meant an oil obtained after an extraction consisting in treating the fruit pulp (previously peeled and pitted) with hot water followed by centrifugation to separate the water and the fat.
[00028] Par huile brute, on entend une huile vierge ou une huile d'avocat, n'ayant pas été soumise a un procédé de raffinage. By crude oil is meant virgin oil or avocado oil, which has not been subjected to a refining process.
[00029] Par huile raffinée, on entend une huile vierge ou une huile d'avocat ayant été soumise à un procédé de raffinage. [00029] Refined oil means a virgin oil or an avocado oil that has been subjected to a refining process.
[00030] Le procédé de raffinage d'une huile végétale est un procédé bien connu par exemple celui décrit dans la demande CA2628950. [00030] The process for refining a vegetable oil is a well-known process, for example that described in application CA2628950.
[00031] Le procédé comprend les étapes suivantes : un traitement acide une étape de neutralisation la winterisation ou décirage une étape de décoloration une étape de désodorisation. [00031] The process comprises the following steps: an acid treatment a neutralization step winterization or dewaxing a decolorization step a deodorization step.
[00032] Le traitement acide est de préférence un conditionnement acide, permettant de réaliser une démucilagination et d’éliminer les phospholipides. Le traitement acide est typiquement réalisé à l’aide d’un acide faible, tel que l’acide phosphorique ou l’acide citrique, ou à l’aide d’un acide fort, tel que l’acide sulfurique ou l’acide chlorhydrique. Généralement, le traitement acide est réalisé sous agitation, à une température comprise entre 30 et 70°C.[00032] The acid treatment is preferably an acid conditioning, making it possible to carry out a degumming and to eliminate the phospholipids. Acid treatment is typically carried out using a weak acid, such as phosphoric acid or citric acid, or using a strong acid, such as sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid . Generally, the acid treatment is carried out with stirring, at a temperature between 30 and 70°C.
D’autres procédés peuvent être préférés, tels que la micro-filtration qui est un procédé membranaire basse pression, utilisé pour la filtration des colloïdes, ou des procédés faisant appel à la biotechnologie tels que la démucilagination par voie enzymatique. [00033] La neutralisation chimique, qui suit typiquement le traitement acide, permet d’éliminer les acides gras libres, de débarrasser l’huile des phospholipides qui ont subi l’opération de conditionnement, d’éliminer les traces métalliques, et de faciliter la décoloration en détruisant un certain nombre de pigments et de composés colorés d’origine oxydative. La neutralisation chimique est typiquement réalisée à l’aide d’un agent basique tel que la soude, le carbonate de potassium ou une aminé tertiaire (DMHA). Les acides gras sont séparés, par centrifugation ou filtration, sous forme de savons qui contiennent également les mucilages et diverses impuretés éliminés lors de ce traitement. Other processes may be preferred, such as micro-filtration which is a low pressure membrane process, used for the filtration of colloids, or processes using biotechnology such as enzymatic degumming. [00033] The chemical neutralization, which typically follows the acid treatment, makes it possible to eliminate the free fatty acids, to rid the oil of the phospholipids which have undergone the conditioning operation, to eliminate the metallic traces, and to facilitate the discoloration by destroying a certain number of pigments and colored compounds of oxidative origin. Chemical neutralization is typically carried out using a basic agent such as soda, potassium carbonate or a tertiary amine (DMHA). The fatty acids are separated, by centrifugation or filtration, in the form of soaps which also contain the mucilages and various impurities eliminated during this treatment.
[00034] La décoloration, qui suit la neutralisation chimique, permet en général d'éliminer les pigments colorés que la neutralisation n'a que très partiellement détruits. La décoloration est typiquement mise en oeuvre à l'aide de terres décolorantes et/ou de charbon, avantageusement jusqu'à l'obtention d'une couleur claire ou très claire de l'huile d'avocat. [00034] The discoloration, which follows the chemical neutralization, generally makes it possible to eliminate the colored pigments that the neutralization has only very partially destroyed. The bleaching is typically carried out using bleaching earths and/or charcoal, advantageously until a light or very light color of the avocado oil is obtained.
[00035] Les terres décolorantes utilisées sont des argiles naturelles du type montmorillonite, constituées principalement d'alumino silicates de calcium et magnésium, et activées par traitement acide. Les charbons actifs utilisés peuvent être obtenus à partir de tourbe, bois, lignite, charbon ou de coques de noix de coco. Ces produits sont typiquement activés à haute température, soit à la vapeur, soit par un procédé chimique. [00035] The bleaching earths used are natural clays of the montmorillonite type, consisting mainly of calcium and magnesium alumino silicates, and activated by acid treatment. The activated carbons used can be obtained from peat, wood, lignite, coal or coconut shells. These products are typically activated at high temperature, either by steam or by a chemical process.
[00036] L'étape de frigélisation ou wintérisation, qui suit la décoloration, peut être réalisée à une température comprise entre 5 et 18°C, avantageusement pendant 1 à 15 jours. Typiquement, l'huile d'avocat raffinée est refroidie progressivement, de préférence sous agitation lente, jusqu'à une température de l'ordre de 10 à 12°C. Généralement, l'huile est alors maintenue à cette température pendant 48 h, puis est filtrée sous pression. La frigélisation permet de précipiter les triglycérides riches en acides gras saturés. [00036] The freezing or winterization step, which follows the discoloration, can be carried out at a temperature of between 5 and 18° C., advantageously for 1 to 15 days. Typically, refined avocado oil is gradually cooled, preferably with slow stirring, to a temperature of the order of 10 to 12°C. Generally, the oil is then maintained at this temperature for 48 hours, then is filtered under pressure. Freezing precipitates triglycerides rich in saturated fatty acids.
[00037] La désodorisation, qui suit la frigélisation, permet en général d'éliminer et d'extraire les composés volatils et les molécules malodorantes ainsi que divers contaminants tels que les pesticides et les hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques. La désodorisation est typiquement réalisée à une température comprise entre 150 et 210 °C, avantageusement sous vide, généralement sous courant de vapeur saturée ou d'azote. La désodorisation peut par exemple être réalisée sous une pression comprise entre 2 et 20 mmHg. En particulier, la désodorisation peut être effectuée à une température de l'ordre de 180 à 200°C, sous une pression de l'ordre de 4 à 6 mmHg. [00038] Une huile semi-raffinée est une huile ayant subi un raffinage partiel (sans les étapes de wintérisation et de désodorisation). [00037] Deodorization, which follows freezing, generally makes it possible to eliminate and extract volatile compounds and malodorous molecules as well as various contaminants such as pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The deodorization is typically carried out at a temperature of between 150 and 210° C., advantageously under vacuum, generally under a stream of saturated steam or nitrogen. The deodorization can for example be carried out under a pressure of between 2 and 20 mmHg. In particular, the deodorization can be carried out at a temperature of the order of 180 to 200° C., under a pressure of the order of 4 to 6 mmHg. [00038] A semi-refined oil is an oil that has undergone partial refining (without the winterization and deodorization steps).
[00039] Par matière concrète à 20°C, on entend une huile présentant un point d'écoulement déterminé par la méthode ASTM D 97, compris entre 8 et 15°C. [00039] Concrete material at 20° C. means an oil having a pour point, determined by the ASTM D 97 method, of between 8 and 15° C.
[00040] L'invention concerne une huile concrète d'avocat caractérisée en ce que sa teneur en acide palmitique par rapport aux acides gras totaux est comprise dans un intervalle allant de 15 à 35% et son point de fusion complète est compris dans un intervalle allant de 20 à 50 °C, l'huile d'avocat étant obtenue à partir d'avocat de variétés choisies dans la liste consistant en Hass, Fuerte, Bacon, Pinkerton, Ettinger, Lula, Ryan, Barker et/ou Peruano. [00040] The invention relates to a concrete avocado oil characterized in that its palmitic acid content with respect to total fatty acids is included in a range going from 15 to 35% and its complete melting point is included in a range ranging from 20 to 50°C, avocado oil being obtained from avocado of varieties chosen from the list consisting of Hass, Fuerte, Bacon, Pinkerton, Ettinger, Lula, Ryan, Barker and/or Peruano.
[00041] Dans un mode de réalisation l'avocat est un avocat de de variété Hass et/ou Fuerte. [00041] In one embodiment the avocado is a Hass and/or Fuerte variety avocado.
[00042] Dans un mode de réalisation l'avocat est un avocat de variété Hass. [00043] Selon un mode préférentiel de réalisation de l'invention, l'huile concrète d'avocat n'est pas obtenue à partir d'avocat de ++96variété d'origine malaisienne, notamment telle que définie dans Yanty, N.A.M., Marikkar, J.M.N. 8i Long, K. Effect of Varietal Différences on Composition and Thermal Characteristics of Avocado Oil. J Am Oil Chem Soc 88, 1997-2003 (2011). [00042] In one embodiment the avocado is a Hass variety avocado. [00043] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the concrete avocado oil is not obtained from avocado of ++96 variety of Malaysian origin, in particular as defined in Yanty, N.A.M., Marikkar , J.M.N. 8i Long, K. Effect of Varietal Differences on Composition and Thermal Characteristics of Avocado Oil. J Am Oil Chem Soc 88, 1997-2003 (2011).
[00044] Elle concerne également une huile concrète d'avocat caractérisée en ce que sa teneur en acide palmitique par rapport aux acides gras totaux est comprise dans un intervalle allant de 16 à 32 % et son point de fusion complète est compris dans un intervalle allant de 20 à 50 °C. [00044] It also relates to a concrete avocado oil characterized in that its palmitic acid content relative to total fatty acids is within a range ranging from 16 to 32% and its complete melting point is within a range ranging from 20 to 50°C.
[00045] Elle concerne également une huile concrète d'avocat caractérisée en ce que sa teneur en acide palmitique par rapport aux acides gras totaux est comprise dans un intervalle allant de 20 à 30% et son point de fusion complète est compris dans un intervalle allant de 20 à 50 °C. [00045] It also relates to a concrete avocado oil characterized in that its palmitic acid content relative to total fatty acids is within a range ranging from 20 to 30% and its complete melting point is within a range ranging from 20 to 50°C.
[00046] Dans un mode de réalisation le point de fusion complète est compris dans un intervalle allant de 23,0 à 40,0°C. [00046] In one embodiment the full melting point is in the range of 23.0 to 40.0°C.
[00047] Dans un mode de réalisation le point de fusion complète est compris dans un intervalle allant de 25,0 à 35,0°C. [00047] In one embodiment the full melting point is in the range of 25.0 to 35.0°C.
[00048] L'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention, présente un point d'écoulement déterminé par la méthode ASTM D 97 comprise entre 8 et 15°C. The concrete avocado oil according to the invention has a pour point determined by the ASTM D 97 method of between 8 and 15°C.
[00049] Elle concerne également un procédé utilisant une huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention comme source d'acide palmitique. [00049] It also relates to a process using a concrete avocado oil according to the invention as a source of palmitic acid.
[00050] L'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention, a une teneur en acide palmitique augmentée de plus 25 à 75 % par rapport à la matière première de départ, préférentiellement de plus de 30 à 60 %. The concrete avocado oil according to the invention has a palmitic acid content increased by more than 25 to 75% relative to the starting raw material, preferably by more than 30 to 60%.
[00051] L'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention, préférentiellement obtenue à partir d'avocat de variété Hass, présente un point d'écoulement déterminé par la méthode ASTM D 97 comprise entre 8 et 15°C. The concrete avocado oil according to the invention, preferably obtained from avocado of the Hass variety, has a pour point determined by the ASTM D 97 method of between 8 and 15°C.
[00052] Elle concerne également un procédé utilisant une huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention comme source d'acide palmitique, l'huile concrète d'avocat étant préférentiellement obtenue à partir d'avocat de variété Hass. [00052] It also relates to a method using a concrete avocado oil according to the invention as a source of palmitic acid, the concrete avocado oil being preferably obtained from avocado of the Hass variety.
[00053] L'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention, préférentiellement obtenue à partir d'avocat de variété Hass, a une teneur en acide palmitique augmentée de plus 25 à 75 % par rapport à la matière première de départ, préférentiellement de plus de 30 à 60 %. The concrete avocado oil according to the invention, preferably obtained from Hass variety avocado, has a palmitic acid content increased by more than 25 at 75% relative to the starting raw material, preferably more than 30 to 60%.
[00054] Dans un mode de réalisation, la teneur en acide palmitique est augmentée d'au moins 40 % par rapport à la matière première de départ. [00054] In one embodiment, the palmitic acid content is increased by at least 40% relative to the starting raw material.
[00055] Dans un mode de réalisation, la teneur en acide palmitique est augmentée d'au moins 50 % par rapport à la matière première de départ. [00055] In one embodiment, the palmitic acid content is increased by at least 50% relative to the starting raw material.
[00056] Au sens de la présente invention, on entend par « matière première de départ » une huile d'avocat obtenue par extraction à l'éther de pétrole, notamment selon le protocole tel que décrit dans l'article Yanty N A M et al "Effect of Varietal Différences on Composition and Thermal Characteristics of Avocado Oil", JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS' SOCIETY, SPRINGER-VERLAG, BERLIN/HEIDELBERG, vol. 88, no. 12, 17 juin 2011 (2011-06-17), pages 1997-2003, XP019975762, ISSN : 1558-9331, DOI: 10.1007/S11746-011-1877-X, ou une huile d'avocat brute pouvant alternativement être obtenue soit par une extraction consistant à traiter la pulpe de fruit (préalablement pelé et dénoyauté) à l'eau chaude suivie par une centrifugation permettant de séparer l'eau et la matière grasse, soit une huile vierge brute obtenue par pressage à froid. [00056] Within the meaning of the present invention, the term "starting raw material" means an avocado oil obtained by extraction with petroleum ether, in particular according to the protocol as described in the article Yanty N A M et al " Effect of Varietal Differences on Composition and Thermal Characteristics of Avocado Oil", JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS' SOCIETY, SPRINGER-VERLAG, BERLIN/HEIDELBERG, vol. 88, no. 12, 17 June 2011 (2011-06-17), pages 1997-2003, XP019975762, ISSN: 1558-9331, DOI: 10.1007/S11746-011-1877-X, or a crude avocado oil alternatively obtainable either by an extraction consisting in treating the fruit pulp (previously peeled and pitted) with hot water followed by centrifugation to separate the water and the fat, ie a raw virgin oil obtained by cold pressing.
[00047] Dans un mode particulier de réalisation de l'invention dans lequel l'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention, ,est obtenue à partir de coproduits issus du raffinage ou du décirage des huiles d'avocat brutes, tels que par exemple les résidus de wintérisation, l'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention est caractérisée par une teneur en acide palmitique augmentée de plus 25 à 75 % par rapport l'huile d'avocat raffiné, préférentiellement de plus de 30 à 60 %. In a particular embodiment of the invention in which the concrete avocado oil according to the invention is obtained from co-products resulting from the refining or dewaxing of crude avocado oils, such as by example winterization residues, the concrete avocado oil according to the invention is characterized by a palmitic acid content increased by more than 25 to 75% compared to refined avocado oil, preferably by more than 30 to 60% .
[00057] L'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'inventionprésente une tenue au froid à 0°C (273 K) inférieure à 2,0 heures. The concrete avocado oil according to the invention exhibits cold resistance at 0° C. (273 K) of less than 2.0 hours.
[00058] Dans un mode de réalisation, l'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention, présente une tenue au froid à 0°C (273 K) inférieure à 1,5 heures. In one embodiment, the concrete avocado oil according to the invention exhibits cold resistance at 0° C. (273 K) of less than 1.5 hours.
[00059] Dans un mode de réalisation, l'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'inventionprésente une tenue au froid à 0°C (273 K) inférieure à 1,0 heures. [00059] In one embodiment, the concrete avocado oil according to the invention exhibits cold resistance at 0° C. (273 K) of less than 1.0 hours.
[00060] On entend par tenue au froid, le temps à partir duquel une huile se trouble lorsqu'elle est maintenue à une température de 0°C dans les conditions telles que décrites dans la méthode dite du Cold Test AOCS (Ce 11-53). [00060] Cold resistance means the time from which an oil becomes cloudy when it is maintained at a temperature of 0° C. under the conditions as described in the method known as the AOCS Cold Test (Ce 11-53 ).
[00061] L'invention concerne également une huile concrète d'avocat telle que ci- dessus définie, caractérisée en ce qu'elle présente en analyse thermique différentielle un pic majoritaire de fusion lente compris un pic majoritaire de fusion lente compris dans un intervalle allant de 30,0 à 50,0 °C. [00062] L'invention concerne également une huile concrète d'avocat telle que ci- dessus définie, caractérisée en ce que sa teneur en triglycérides dans lesquels l'acide palmitique est en position 2 du glycérol est supérieure ou égale à 10% par rapport à la teneur total en triglycérides. [00061] The invention also relates to a concrete avocado oil as defined above, characterized in that it exhibits, in differential thermal analysis, a majority slow melting peak comprised of a majority slow melting peak comprised in an interval ranging from 30.0 to 50.0°C. [00062] The invention also relates to a concrete avocado oil as defined above, characterized in that its content of triglycerides in which the palmitic acid is in position 2 of the glycerol is greater than or equal to 10% with respect to to the total triglyceride content.
[00063] L'invention concerne également une huile concrète d'avocat telle que ci- dessus définie, caractérisée en ce que sa teneur relative en triglycérides vecteurs d'acide palmitoléique est supérieure ou égale à 4,5 % par rapport à la teneur totale en triglycérides. A ce titre, l'huile concrète d'avocat est une source d'acide palmitoléique. [00064] Au plan biologique, l'acide palmitoléique est un acide gras constitutif des glycérides stockés dans le tissu adipeux humain. Il est produit par biosynthèse à partir de l'acide palmitique sous l'action de l'enzyme stearoyl-CoA désaturase-1 (D9 désaturase). Il est connu pour son activité anti-inflammatoire et activatrice du PPAR- alpha {Vannice GK & coll (2018). Is Palmitoleic Acide a Plausible Nonpharmacological St rate g y to P revent or Control Chronic Metabolic and Inflammatory Disordrers. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research ; 62 (1), 1700504). The invention also relates to a concrete avocado oil as defined above, characterized in that its relative content of vector triglycerides of palmitoleic acid is greater than or equal to 4.5% relative to the total content in triglycerides. As such, concrete avocado oil is a source of palmitoleic acid. [00064] At the biological level, palmitoleic acid is a constituent fatty acid of the glycerides stored in human adipose tissue. It is produced by biosynthesis from palmitic acid under the action of the enzyme stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (D9 desaturase). It is known for its anti-inflammatory and PPAR-alpha activating activity {Vannice GK & coll (2018). Is Palmitoleic Acid a Plausible Nonpharmacological St rate g y to P revent or Control Chronic Metabolic and Inflammatory Disorders. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research; 62 (1), 1700504).
[00065] L'acide palmitoléique est aussi l'acide monoénique le plus abondant dans le sébum et qui présente par ailleurs une importante activité antimicrobienne (. JJ Wille & coll. Palmitoleic Acid Isomer (C16:ldelta6) in Human Skin Sébum is Effective Against Gram-Positive Bacteria. Skin Pharmacol Appl Skin Physiol. May-June 2003;16(3), 176- 87). [00065] Palmitoleic acid is also the most abundant monoene acid in sebum and which also has significant antimicrobial activity (. JJ Wille & coll. Palmitoleic Acid Isomer (C16: ldelta6) in Human Skin Sebum is Effective Against Gram-Positive Bacteria Skin Pharmacol Appl Skin Physiol May-June 2003;16(3), 176-87).
[00066] Elle concerne également un procédé utilisant une huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention comme source d'acide palmitoléique. [00066] It also relates to a method using a concrete avocado oil according to the invention as a source of palmitoleic acid.
[00067] L'invention concerne également une huile concrète d'avocat telle que ci- dessus définie, caractérisée en ce que sa teneur relative en trioléine est inférieure ou égale à 25 %, préférentiellement inférieure ou égale à 23% par rapport à la teneur totale en triglycérides.. [00067] The invention also relates to a concrete avocado oil as defined above, characterized in that its relative triolein content is less than or equal to 25%, preferably less than or equal to 23% with respect to the content total triglycerides.
[00068] L'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention est caractérisée en ce qu'elle présente en analyse thermique différentielle un pic majoritaire de fusion lente compris en 30,0 et 50,0 °C. Par conséquent, l'huile concrète d'avocat est une matière grasse concrète molle à 25°C contrairement aux huiles d'avocat vierges ou raffinées, lesquelles sont totalement fluides à 25°C et ne présentent pas en analyse thermique différentielle de pic majoritaire de fusion lente compris en 30,0 et 50,0 °C. [00068] The concrete avocado oil according to the invention is characterized in that it exhibits, in differential thermal analysis, a majority slow melting peak between 30.0 and 50.0°C. Consequently, concrete avocado oil is a soft concrete fat at 25°C, unlike virgin or refined avocado oils, which are completely fluid at 25°C and do not present in differential thermal analysis a majority peak of slow melting between 30.0 and 50.0°C.
[00069] Selon un mode avantageux de réalisation de l'invention, l'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention, est caractérisée en ce qu'elle est obtenue par extraction en absence de solvant organique, préférentiellement en absence de solvant. [00070] Au sens de la présente invention, on entend par « solvant organique » tout solvants comprenant des composés organiques qui contiennent des atomes de carbone, en particulier les solvants d'origine pétrolière. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the concrete avocado oil according to the invention is characterized in that it is obtained by extraction in the absence of organic solvent, preferably in the absence of solvent. Within the meaning of the present invention, the term "organic solvent" means any solvent comprising organic compounds which contain carbon atoms, in particular solvents of petroleum origin.
[00071] Selon un mode de réalisation particulièrement préférentiel, l'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention, est caractérisée en ce qu'elle est obtenue par extraction en absence d'éther de pétrole. According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the concrete avocado oil according to the invention is characterized in that it is obtained by extraction in the absence of petroleum ether.
[00072] Selon un mode avantageux de réalisation de l'invention, l'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention, est caractérisée en ce qu'elle est obtenue par au moins une étape de winterisation. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the concrete avocado oil according to the invention is characterized in that it is obtained by at least one winterization step.
[00073] Selon un mode particulièrement préférentiel de réalisation de l'invention, l'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention, est caractérisée en ce qu'elle est obtenue par au moins une étape de winterisation et absence de solvant organique, préférentiellement en absence de solvant. According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the concrete avocado oil according to the invention is characterized in that it is obtained by at least one step of winterization and absence of organic solvent, preferably in the absence of solvent.
[00074] L'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention, préférentiellement obtenue à partir d'avocat de variété Hass, peut être obtenue à partir de fruits frais ou déshydratés en tant que matières premières végétales de départ. The concrete avocado oil according to the invention, preferably obtained from Hass variety avocado, can be obtained from fresh or dehydrated fruits as starting plant raw materials.
[00075] L'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention, préférentiellement obtenue à partir d'avocat de variété Hass, peut également être obtenue à partir des huiles d'avocat brutes issues des fruits frais ou déshydratés. Les huiles brutes peuvent être obtenues par pression à froid, par extraction à l'aide d'un solvant ou de fluides supercritiques, par extraction aqueuse selon notamment la méthode dite centrifuge ou encore l'extraction aqueuse assistée par des enzymes. The concrete avocado oil according to the invention, preferably obtained from Hass variety avocado, can also be obtained from crude avocado oils obtained from fresh or dehydrated fruits. The crude oils can be obtained by cold pressing, by extraction using a solvent or supercritical fluids, by aqueous extraction according in particular to the so-called centrifugal method or alternatively aqueous extraction assisted by enzymes.
[00076] L'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention, préférentiellement obtenue à partir d'avocat de variété Hass, peut également être obtenue à partir de coproduits issus du raffinage ou du décirage des huiles d'avocat brutes, tels que par exemple les résidus de wintérisation. The concrete avocado oil according to the invention, preferably obtained from avocado of the Hass variety, can also be obtained from by-products resulting from the refining or dewaxing of crude avocado oils, such as by example winterization residues.
[00077] De préférence, l'huile concrète d'avocat est préparée à partir de résidus de wintérisation issus du décirage des huiles d'avocat brutes, des huiles vierges, des huiles semi-raffinées ou encore des huiles raffinées. [00077] Preferably, the concrete avocado oil is prepared from winterization residues resulting from the dewaxing of crude avocado oils, virgin oils, semi-refined oils or even refined oils.
[00078] L'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention, préférentiellement obtenue à partir d'avocat de variété Hass, est raffinée selon un procédé identique à ceux mis en oeuvre dans le domaine des huiles végétales. On entend par procédé de raffinage, un procédé de raffinage physique ou chimique. Le raffinage comprend l'ensemble des étapes connues ou au moins l'une d'entre elles. Ces étapes sont les suivantes : The concrete avocado oil according to the invention, preferably obtained from avocado of the Hass variety, is refined according to a process identical to those used in the field of vegetable oils. Refining process means a physical or chemical refining process. Refining includes all known steps or at least one of them. These steps are as follows:
1) le dégommage à l'eau, à l'acide ou en présence d'enzyme ; 1) degumming with water, acid or in the presence of an enzyme;
2) la neutralisation chimique (à la soude ou à la potasse) ; 2) chemical neutralization (using soda or potash);
3) la neutralisation physique par distillation sous vide poussé ou par désodorisation sous vide en présence d'un vecteur (vapeur d'eau, azote, gaz carbonique) ; 3) physical neutralization by distillation under high vacuum or by deodorization under vacuum in the presence of a vector (steam, nitrogen, carbon dioxide);
4) la décoloration sur terre décolorante (en présence d'argile activé ou pas) et/ou en présence de charbon actif, avec ou sans silicate ; 4) bleaching on bleaching earth (in the presence of activated clay or not) and/or in the presence of activated carbon, with or without silicate;
5) cristallisation à froid en présence ou non d'un solvant ; 5) cold crystallization in the presence or absence of a solvent;
6) la désodorisation et/ou distillation sous vide, neutralisante ou pas, avec ou sans vecteur (vapeur d'eau, azote, gaz carbonique). 6) deodorization and/or distillation under vacuum, neutralizing or not, with or without a vector (water vapour, nitrogen, carbon dioxide).
[00079] Il va de soi qu'en fonction de la nature et des critères de composition de la matière première huileuse d'avocat mise en oeuvre pour produire l'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention, les étapes de raffinage peuvent être réalisées dans l'ordre le plus adapté à la réalisation de l'invention. [00079] It goes without saying that depending on the nature and composition criteria of the oily avocado raw material used to produce the concrete avocado oil according to the invention, the refining steps can be carried out in the order most suitable for carrying out the invention.
Dans un mode préféré de l'invention, l'huile concrète d'avocat peut subir une seconde ou plusieurs étapes de cristallisation à froid successives afin d'augmenter la teneur en acide palmitique. In a preferred mode of the invention, the concrete avocado oil can undergo a second or more successive cold crystallization stages in order to increase the palmitic acid content.
[00080] L'invention concerne un procédé d'obtention d'une huile concrète d'avocat, préférentiellement obtenue à partir d'avocat de variété Hass, caractérisé en ce qu'il est mis en oeuvre à partir : The invention relates to a process for obtaining a concrete avocado oil, preferably obtained from Hass variety avocado, characterized in that it is implemented from:
• de fruits frais ou déshydratés, • fresh or dehydrated fruit,
• d'huiles d'avocat brutes, ou • crude avocado oils, or
• de coproduits issus du raffinage ou du décirage des huiles d'avocat brutes • co-products from the refining or dewaxing of crude avocado oils
[00081] Lorsque le procédé d'obtention d'une huile concrète d'avocat est mis en oeuvre à partir de coproduits issus du raffinage ou du décirage des huiles d'avocat brutes, préférentiellement les résidus de winterisation, ou qu'il comprend une étape d'utilisation des coproduits issus du raffinage ou du décirage des huiles d'avocat brutes, préférentiellement les résidus de winterisation, il présente l'avantage d'utiliser un coproduit classiquement non valorisé du procédé de préparation d'huile d'avocat. [00081] When the process for obtaining a concrete avocado oil is implemented from co-products resulting from the refining or dewaxing of crude avocado oils, preferably winterization residues, or it comprises a step of using co-products from the refining or dewaxing of crude avocado oils, preferably winterization residues, it has the advantage of using a conventionally non-recovered co-product of the avocado oil preparation process.
[00082] L'huile concrète ainsi obtenu présente donc un intérêt important d'un point de vue écologique et environnemental. [00083] L'invention concerne également, un procédé d'obtention d'une huile concrète d'avocat telle que précédemment décrite, caractérisé en ce qu'il est mis en oeuvre à partir : The concrete oil thus obtained is therefore of significant interest from an ecological and environmental point of view. The invention also relates to a process for obtaining a concrete avocado oil as described above, characterized in that it is implemented from:
- de fruits frais ou déshydratés, et qu'il comprend au moins les étapes de : broyage, extraction d'une huile brute, élimination d'une huile fluide par winterization et filtration - fresh or dehydrated fruit, and that it includes at least the stages of: grinding, extraction of a crude oil, elimination of a fluid oil by winterization and filtration
- obtention d'une matière grasse concrète, - obtaining a concrete fat,
- désodorisation. - deodorization.
[00084] L'invention concerne également, un procédé d'obtention d'une huile concrète d'avocat, telle que précédemment décrite, caractérisé en ce qu'il est mis en oeuvre à partir : The invention also relates to a process for obtaining a concrete avocado oil, as described above, characterized in that it is implemented from:
- d'huile d'avocat brute, et qu'il comprend au moins les étapes de : élimination d'une huile fluide par winterization et filtration - crude avocado oil, and that it includes at least the steps of: elimination of a fluid oil by winterization and filtration
- obtention d'une matière grasse concrète, - obtaining a concrete fat,
- désodorisation. - deodorization.
[00085] L'invention concerne également, un procédé d'obtention d'une huile concrète d'avocat, préférentiellement obtenue à partir d'avocat de variété Hass, telle que précédemment décrite, caractérisé en ce qu'il est mis en oeuvre à partir : [00085] The invention also relates to a process for obtaining a concrete avocado oil, preferably obtained from avocado of the Hass variety, as described above, characterized in that it is implemented at leave :
- de fruits frais ou déshydratés, et qu'il comprend au moins les étapes de : broyage, extraction d'une huile brute, élimination d'une huile fluide par winterization et filtration - fresh or dehydrated fruit, and that it includes at least the stages of: grinding, extraction of a crude oil, elimination of a fluid oil by winterization and filtration
- obtention d'une matière grasse concrète, - obtaining a concrete fat,
- désodorisation. - deodorization.
[00086] L'invention concerne également, un procédé d'obtention d'une huile concrète d'avocat préférentiellement obtenue à partir d'avocat de variété Hass, telle que précédemment décrite, caractérisé en ce qu'il est mis en oeuvre à partir : [00086] The invention also relates to a process for obtaining a concrete avocado oil preferably obtained from avocado of the Hass variety, as previously described, characterized in that it is implemented from :
- d'huile d'avocat brute, et qu'il comprend au moins les étapes de : élimination d'une huile fluide par winterization et filtration - crude avocado oil, and that it includes at least the steps of: elimination of a fluid oil by winterization and filtration
- obtention d'une matière grasse concrète, - obtaining a concrete fat,
- désodorisation. [00087] L'invention concerne également, un procédé d'obtention d'une huile concrète d'avocat, telle que précédemment décrite, caractérisé en ce qu'il est mis en oeuvre à partir : - deodorization. The invention also relates to a process for obtaining a concrete avocado oil, as described above, characterized in that it is implemented from:
- de coproduits issus du raffinage ou du décirage des huiles d'avocat brutes, et qu'il comprend au moins les étapes de : - by-products from the refining or dewaxing of crude avocado oils, and that it includes at least the steps of:
- désodorisation. - deodorization.
[00088] Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le procédé d'obtention d'une huile concrète d'avocat, préférentiellement obtenue à partir d'avocat de variété Hass, telle que précédemment décrite, caractérisé en ce qu'il est mis en oeuvre à partir : [00088] According to one embodiment of the invention, the process for obtaining a concrete avocado oil, preferably obtained from avocado of the Hass variety, as described above, characterized in that it is implemented from:
- de coproduits issus du raffinage ou du décirage des huiles d'avocat brutes, et qu'il comprend au moins les étapes de : - by-products from the refining or dewaxing of crude avocado oils, and that it includes at least the steps of:
- désodorisation, dans lequel les coproduits issus du raffinage ou du décirage des huiles d'avocat brutes sont choisis parmi la liste consistant en les résidus de winterisation. - deodorization, in which the co-products resulting from the refining or dewaxing of crude avocado oils are chosen from the list consisting of winterization residues.
[00089] L'invention concerne également, un procédé d'obtention tel que précédemment décrit, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend avant l'étape de désodorisation au moins une des étapes suivantes : [00089] The invention also relates to a method of obtaining as described above, characterized in that it comprises, before the deodorization step, at least one of the following steps:
Dégommage Neutralisation chimique Neutralisation physique Décoloration Degumming Chemical neutralization Physical neutralization Bleaching
- Cristallisation à froid et isolement de la fraction précipitée. - Cold crystallization and isolation of the precipitated fraction.
[00090] L'invention concerne également, un procédé d'obtention tel que précédemment décrit, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre une étape de fractionnement par hydrolyse. [00090] The invention also relates to a process for obtaining such as described above, characterized in that it further comprises a step of fractionation by hydrolysis.
[00091] L'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention se présente sous la forme d'une matière première concrète à 20°C présentant des propriétés émollientes et d'étalement, notamment tartinables. [00091] The concrete avocado oil according to the invention is in the form of a concrete raw material at 20° C. having emollient and spreading properties, in particular spreadable properties.
[00092] L'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention est caractérisée en ce qu'elle est aisément formulable en vue de la préparation de produits cosmétiques et alimentaires. The concrete avocado oil according to the invention is characterized in that it can easily be formulated for the preparation of cosmetic and food products.
[00093] L'invention concerne également, une composition cosmétique ou pharmaceutique, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend dans un support cosmétiquement ou pharmaceutiquement acceptable une huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention. [00094] Dans un mode de réalisation, la composition cosmétique ou pharmaceutique selon l'invention est caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend en outre un principe actif. The invention also relates to a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition, characterized in that it comprises, in a cosmetically or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, a concrete avocado oil according to the invention. [00094] In one embodiment, the cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to the invention is characterized in that it also comprises an active principle.
[00095] L'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'inventiona pour vocation à être incorporée dans des produits cosmétiques en tant que principe actif ou matière première fonctionnelle. [00095] The concrete avocado oil according to the invention is intended to be incorporated into cosmetic products as active ingredient or functional raw material.
[00096] Ainsi, l'invention concerne également l'utilisation de l'huile concrète selon l'invention, pour la préparation de composition cosmétique et/ou nutraceutique. [00097] Ainsi, l'invention concerne également l'utilisation de l'huile concrète selon l'invention, préférentiellement obtenue à partir d'avocat de variété Hass, pour la préparation de composition cosmétique et/ou nutraceutique. [00096] Thus, the invention also relates to the use of the concrete oil according to the invention, for the preparation of cosmetic and/or nutraceutical composition. [00097] Thus, the invention also relates to the use of the concrete oil according to the invention, preferably obtained from avocado of the Hass variety, for the preparation of cosmetic and/or nutraceutical composition.
[00098] On entend par produit cosmétique toute substance ou tout mélange destiné à être mis en contact avec les parties superficielles saines du corps humain (épiderme sain, systèmes pileux et capillaire sains, ongles sains, lèvres saines et organes génitaux externes sains) ou avec les dents saines et les muqueuses buccales saines en vue, exclusivement ou principalement, de les nettoyer, de les parfumer, d'en modifier l'aspect, de les protéger, de les maintenir en bon état ou de corriger les odeurs corporelles (article 2 règlement cosmétique et article L.5131-1 du CSP). [00098]Cosmetic product means any substance or any mixture intended to be brought into contact with the healthy superficial parts of the human body (healthy epidermis, healthy hair and capillary systems, healthy nails, healthy lips and healthy external genitalia) or with healthy teeth and healthy oral mucous membranes with a view, exclusively or mainly, to cleaning them, perfuming them, modifying their appearance, protecting them, keeping them in good condition or correcting body odors (Article 2 cosmetic regulation and article L.5131-1 of the CSP).
[00099] L'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'inventionpeut être incorporée dans les différentes catégories de produits cosmétiques que sont les produits pour la peau saine, les produits d'hygiène, les produits capillaires, les produits dépilatoires, les produits pour les soins et le maquillage des ongles. [00099] The concrete avocado oil according to the invention can be incorporated into the various categories of cosmetic products which are products for healthy skin, hygiene products, hair products, depilatory products, products for nail care and makeup.
[000100] On entend par produits pour la peau saine les crèmes, les émulsions, les lotions, les gels et les huiles pour la peau, les masques de beauté, les fonds de teint liquides, pâtes et/ou les poudres, les poudres pour le maquillage, les poudres à appliquer après le bain, les poudres pour l’hygiène corporelle, les préparations pour les bains et les douches notamment choisis parmi les sels, mousses, huiles et/ou gels, les produits solaires, les produits de bronzage sans soleil, les produits permettant de blanchir la peau, les produits antirides, les produits pour le rasage notamment choisis parmi les savons, mousses et/ou les lotions, les produits de maquillage et démaquillage, les produits destinés à être appliqués sur les lèvres. [000100] Products for healthy skin are understood to mean creams, emulsions, lotions, gels and oils for the skin, beauty masks, liquid foundations, pastes and/or powders, powders for make-up, powders to be applied after bathing, powders for personal hygiene, preparations for baths and showers chosen in particular from salts, foams, oils and/or gels, sunscreen products, tanning products without sun, products for whitening the skin, anti-wrinkle products, shaving products chosen in particular from soaps, foams and/or lotions, make-up and make-up removal products, products intended to be applied to the lips.
[000101] On entend par produits d'hygiène les savons de toilette, les savons déodorants, les produits d'hygiène dentaire et buccale, les produits d'hygiène intime externe, les déodorants et les antiperspirants. [000101] By hygiene products is meant toilet soaps, deodorant soaps, dental and oral hygiene products, external intimate hygiene products, deodorants and antiperspirants.
[000102] On entend par produits capillaires les colorants capillaires, les produits pour l’ondulation, le défrisage et la fixation des cheveux, les produits de mise en plis, les produits de nettoyage pour cheveux notamment choisis parmi les lotions, poudres et/ou shampooings, les produits d'entretien pour la chevelure notamment choisis parmi les lotions, crèmes et/ou les huiles, les produits de coiffage notamment choisis parmi les lotions, laques et/ou brillantines. [000102] Hair products are understood to mean hair dyes, products for waving, straightening and setting the hair, styling products, hair cleaning products chosen in particular from lotions, powders and/or shampoos, hair care products chosen in particular from lotions, creams and/or oils, styling products chosen in particular from lotions, lacquers and /or brilliantines.
[000103] L'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'inventionest incorporée dans une composition acceptable au plan physiologique, cosmétologique et dermatologique. Cette composition peut être aqueuse, hydroalcoolique ou encore comporter une phase aqueuse combinée ou pas à une phase huileuse. [000103] The concrete avocado oil according to the invention is incorporated into a composition that is physiologically, cosmetologically and dermatologically acceptable. This composition can be aqueous, aqueous-alcoholic or even comprise an aqueous phase combined or not with an oily phase.
[000104] En vue d'être appliquée sur la peau et sur le cheveu, la composition contenant l'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'inventionpeut être une émulsion simple ou triple pouvant contenir ou pas des liposomes, des niosomes ou encore des oléosomes. En termes de taille de gouttelettes, les émulsions peuvent être de type nano ou microémulsions. [000104] In order to be applied to the skin and to the hair, the composition containing the concrete avocado oil according to the invention can be a single or triple emulsion which may or may not contain liposomes, niosomes or even oleosomes . In terms of droplet size, emulsions can be nano or microemulsions.
[000105] Les compositions à visée cutanée et capillaire peuvent contenir des agents hydratants et humectants choisis de façon non limitative dans le groupe constitué par les alpha, beta, gamma hydroxyacides (notamment les acides lactique, malique, citrique, glycolique, tartrique, gluconique), le sodium-2 pyrrolidone, les mucopolysaccharides, les protéoglycanes, les glycoaminoglycanes, les glucanes, les glycols (glycérol, les polyglycérols, le propylène glycol, le 1,3 propanediol, le pentanediol, l'hexanediol), l'acide hyaluronique, les hydrolysats de protéines, les collagènes solubles, l'urée, le D-panthénol, les esters de vitamine E (linoléate, acétate), la lanoline et ses dérivés. [000105] The compositions intended for the skin and hair may contain moisturizing and humectant agents chosen without limitation from the group consisting of alpha, beta and gamma hydroxy acids (in particular lactic, malic, citric, glycolic, tartaric and gluconic acids) , sodium-2 pyrrolidone, mucopolysaccharides, proteoglycans, glycoaminoglycans, glucans, glycols (glycerol, polyglycerols, propylene glycol, 1,3 propanediol, pentanediol, hexanediol), hyaluronic acid, protein hydrolysates, soluble collagens, urea, D-panthenol, vitamin E esters (linoleate, acetate), lanolin and its derivatives.
[000106] Les compositions à visée cutanée et capillaire peuvent contenir des émollients hydrophiles et/ou lipophiles, appartenant de façon non limitative au groupe constitué par les huiles végétales, les triglycérides de synthèse (triglycérides à chaînes moyennes par exemple), les beurres végétaux et de synthèse, les huiles hydrogénées, les esters de l'acide benzoïque, les huiles minérales, les hydrocarbures linéaires et ramifiés d'origine minérale ou végétale, les éthers, les esters d'acides gras, les alcools gras synthétiques et d'origine végétale, les alcools de Guerbet, les esters de glycols (par exemple le propylène glycol di-caprylate/caprate), les esters de polyéthylène et propylène glycols, les silicones (notamment les cyclométhicones volatiles, les polysiloxanes linéaires telles que les diméthicones et les alkyl ou phényl triméthicones). [000107] Les compositions à visée cutanée et capillaire peuvent contenir des agents épaississants pouvant appartenir de façon non limitative au groupe constitué par les cires minérales, végétales et de synthèse (exemple : cire de carnauba, de candelilla, de tournesol), les glycérides hydrogénés, les acides gras, les alcools gras, les dérivés de cellulose (notamment les méthyl, éthyl et propyl cellulose, carboxyméthylcellulose), l'amidon et ses dérivés (dextrose, dextrines, sodium polyacrylate d'amidon, aluminium octylsuccinate), les gommes naturelles (arabique, guar, carroube, tragacanthe), les pectines, l'agar, les alginates, les carraghénanes, les gommes xanthanes, la gélatine, les oxydes minéraux (silice, bentonite, aluminosilicates), les stéarates d'aluminium et de magnésium, le stéarate de zinc, les carbomères réticulés ou non, les C10-C30 alkyl acrylates, les polyoléfines telles que les polybutènes et polydécènes, les polyéthylène et polypropylène, les alcools et acides gras éthoxylés ou propyloxylés, les polyacrylamides, les copolymères de dimères d'acides gras/polyols ou encore de dimères d'alcools gras/diacides. [000106] The compositions intended for the skin and hair may contain hydrophilic and/or lipophilic emollients, belonging in a non-limiting way to the group consisting of vegetable oils, synthetic triglycerides (medium-chain triglycerides for example), vegetable butters and synthetic oils, hydrogenated oils, benzoic acid esters, mineral oils, linear and branched hydrocarbons of mineral or vegetable origin, ethers, fatty acid esters, synthetic fatty alcohols and of vegetable origin , Guerbet alcohols, glycol esters (for example propylene glycol di-caprylate/caprate), polyethylene and propylene glycol esters, silicones (in particular volatile cyclomethicones, linear polysiloxanes such as dimethicones and alkyl or phenyl trimethicones). [000107] The compositions for skin and hair may contain thickening agents which may belong, without limitation, to the group consisting of mineral, vegetable and synthetic waxes (example: carnauba, candelilla, sunflower wax), hydrogenated glycerides , fatty acids, fatty alcohols, cellulose derivatives (in particular methyl, ethyl and propyl cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose), starch and its derivatives (dextrose, dextrins, sodium starch polyacrylate, aluminum octylsuccinate), natural gums (arabic, guar, carob, tragacanth), pectins, agar, alginates, carrageenans, xanthan gums, gelatin, mineral oxides (silica, bentonite, aluminosilicates), stearates of aluminum and magnesium, zinc stearate, crosslinked or non-crosslinked carbomers, C10-C30 alkyl acrylates, polyolefins such as polybutenes and polydecenes, polyethylenes and polypropylene, ethoxylated or propyloxylated alcohols and fatty acids, polyacrylamides, copolymers of dimers of fatty acids/polyols or else of dimers of fatty alcohols/diacids.
[000108] Les compositions à visée cutanée et capillaire sous forme d'émulsions contiennent de façon connue des tensioactifs émulsionnants. De façon non limitative, ces émulsionnants appartiennent au groupe constitué par les tensioactifs cationiques, anioniques, non ioniques et amphotères. Parmi ces agents on trouve les savons d'acides gras, les alkylsulfates, les alkyléthersulfates, les alkylsulfonates, les alkyles et les oléfines sulfonates, les sulfosuccinates, les acyl isothionates, les alcanolamides sulfatés, les imidazoles sulfates, les taurine et methyl taurine sulfonates, les alkylphosphates, les ammonium quaternaires, les amines éthoxylés, les imidazolines, les alkylmamines, les lécithines, les alcools gras et phenyl alcools éthoxylés, les sucroesters (de sorbitol, de glucose, de sucrose), les sucres oxyéthylénés, les alkylpolyglucosides (APG), les monoglycérides, les esters de polyglycérols, les diméthicones copolyols. [000108] The compositions intended for the skin and hair in the form of emulsions contain emulsifying surfactants in known manner. In a non-limiting manner, these emulsifiers belong to the group consisting of cationic, anionic, nonionic and amphoteric surfactants. These agents include fatty acid soaps, alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl and olefin sulfonates, sulfosuccinates, acyl isothionates, sulfated alkanolamides, imidazole sulfates, taurine and methyl taurine sulfonates, alkyl phosphates, quaternary ammoniums, ethoxylated amines, imidazolines, alkyl amines, lecithins, ethoxylated fatty alcohols and phenyl alcohols, sucroesters (of sorbitol, of glucose, of sucrose), oxyethylenated sugars, alkylpolyglucosides (APG) , monoglycerides, polyglycerol esters, dimethicone copolyols.
[000109] Les compositions à visée cutanée et capillaire peuvent aussi être des produits de protection solaire. Par conséquent, les compositions solaires contiennent de façon non limitative des filtres chimiques et des filtres minéraux. Parmi ces filtres on retrouve de façon non limitative, les filtres UV-B et UV-A tels que l'octyl méthylcinnamate, le méthyl benzylidène camphre, le phénylbenzimidazole sulfonique acide, l'octyl triazole, l'avobenzone, l'octyl sallycilate, l'octyl diméthyl paba, l'octocrylène, les benzophénones, le méthyl anthralinate, les oxydes de zinc et de titane. [000110] Enfin, les compositions à visée cutanée et capillaire peuvent contenir des agents habituels tels que des principes actifs, des conservateurs, des parfums, des pigments, des agents complexants, anti-odeurs, anti-perspirants, des antioxydants, des solvants (alcools, glycols). [000109] The compositions intended for the skin and hair can also be sun protection products. Consequently, the sunscreen compositions contain, without limitation, chemical filters and mineral filters. Among these filters we find in a non-limiting way, UV-B and UV-A filters such as octyl methylcinnamate, methyl benzylidene camphor, phenylbenzimidazole sulphonic acid, octyl triazole, avobenzone, octyl sallycilate, octyl dimethyl paba, octocrylene, benzophenones, methyl anthralinate, zinc and titanium oxides. [000110] Finally, the compositions intended for the skin and hair may contain the usual agents such as active principles, preservatives, perfumes, pigments, complexing agents, anti-odors, anti-perspirants, antioxidants, solvents ( alcohols, glycols).
[000111] En tant que principe actif, l'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention est incorporée en tant qu'agent de traitement cosmétique des fibres kératiniques saines (peau saine, cheveu sain, ongles sains, cils sains). [000111] As active ingredient, the concrete avocado oil according to the invention is incorporated as an agent for the cosmetic treatment of healthy keratin fibers (healthy skin, healthy hair, healthy nails, healthy eyelashes).
[000112] L'invention concerne donc également, l'utilisation de l'huile concrète selon l'invention, en tant qu'actif pour le traitement cosmétique de la peau saine et/ou des fibres kératiniques saines, notamment des cheveux sains, des ongles sains et/ou des cils sains. [000113] L'invention concerne donc également, l'utilisation de l'huile concrète selon l'invention, préférentiellement obtenue à partir d'avocat de variété Hass, en tant qu'actif pour le traitement cosmétique de la peau saine et/ou des fibres kératiniques saines, notamment des cheveux sains, des ongles sains et/ou des cils sains. [000112] The invention therefore also relates to the use of the concrete oil according to the invention, as an active ingredient for the cosmetic treatment of healthy skin and/or healthy keratin fibers, in particular healthy hair, healthy nails and/or healthy eyelashes. [000113] The invention therefore also relates to the use of the concrete oil according to the invention, preferably obtained from avocado of the Hass variety, as an active ingredient for the cosmetic treatment of healthy skin and/or healthy keratin fibres, in particular healthy hair, healthy nails and/or healthy eyelashes.
[000114] Plus particulièrement l'huile concrète d'avocat est un agent relipidant, nutritif, hydratant, constitutif du film hydrolipidique mais encore comme promoteur de la synthèse des lipides épidermiques, comme agent pour traiter les peaux matures, la xérose hivernale, l'atopie, l'eczéma, l'alopécie, les pellicules ou encore les fibres kératiniques agressées par les UV ou les substances agressives (shampoings, substances utilisées dans la coloration capillaire, médicaments, ...). [000114] More particularly concrete avocado oil is a lipid-replenishing, nutritive, moisturizing agent, constituent of the hydrolipidic film but also as a promoter of the synthesis of epidermal lipids, as an agent for treating mature skin, winter xerosis, atopy, eczema, alopecia, dandruff or even keratin fibers attacked by UV rays or aggressive substances (shampoos, substances used in hair coloring, drugs, etc.).
[000115] L'invention concerne donc l'utilisation cosmétique de l'huile concrète selon l'invention, en tant qu'agent relipidant, nutritif, antipelliculaire et/ou hydratant de la peau saine, notamment du cuir chevelu sain et/ou pour le traitement cosmétique de la peau saine et/ou des fibres kératiniques saines agressées par les UV ou les substances agressives notamment les shampoings, substances utilisées dans la coloration capillaire et/ou les médicaments. [000115] The invention therefore relates to the cosmetic use of the concrete oil according to the invention, as a lipid-replenishing, nutritive, anti-dandruff and/or moisturizing agent for healthy skin, in particular healthy scalp and/or for the cosmetic treatment of healthy skin and/or healthy keratin fibers attacked by UV rays or aggressive substances, in particular shampoos, substances used in hair coloring and/or medicines.
[000116] L'invention concerne également l'huile concrète selon l'invention, pour son utilisation pharmaceutique, préférentiellement dermatologique, pour prévenir et/ou traiter la xérose hivernale, l'atopie, l'eczéma et/ou l'alopécie. [000116] The invention also relates to the concrete oil according to the invention, for its pharmaceutical use, preferably dermatological, for preventing and/or treating winter xerosis, atopy, eczema and/or alopecia.
[000117] L'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'inventionest aussi incorporée comme substitut des huiles minérales et des lanolines. [000117] The concrete avocado oil according to the invention is also incorporated as a substitute for mineral oils and lanolins.
[000118] L'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention est aussi incorporée pour lutter contre les effets du vieillissement actinique, chronologique et photo-induit. Il peut aussi être utilisé comme agent filmogène anti-pollution et anti-allergisant ou encore comme protecteur du microbiote cutané. [000118] The concrete avocado oil according to the invention is also incorporated to combat the effects of actinic, chronological and photo-induced ageing. It can also be used as an anti-pollution and anti-allergenic film-forming agent or even as a protector of the skin microbiota.
[000119] Dans un mode de réalisation, la composition cosmétique selon l'invention est caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend de 0,1 à 95,0 % en masse d'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention par rapport à la masse totale de ladite composition. In one embodiment, the cosmetic composition according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises from 0.1 to 95.0% by mass of concrete avocado oil according to the invention with respect to the total mass of said composition.
[000120] Dans un mode de réalisation, la composition cosmétique selon l'invention est caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend de 1,0 à 90,0 % en masse d'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention par rapport à la masse totale de ladite composition. In one embodiment, the cosmetic composition according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises from 1.0 to 90.0% by mass of concrete avocado oil according to the invention with respect to the total mass of said composition.
[000121] Dans un mode de réalisation, la composition cosmétique selon l'invention est caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend de 2,0 à 75,0 % en masse d'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention par rapport à la masse totale de ladite composition. In one embodiment, the cosmetic composition according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises from 2.0 to 75.0% by mass of concrete avocado oil according to the invention with respect to the total mass of said composition.
[000122] Dans une émulsion destinée au soin de la peau, l'huile concrète d'avocat (CHA) sera associée à un tensioactif d'origine végétale chimiquement transformé choisi dans le groupe constitué par les lécithines, les alkyl bétaïnes, alcools gras éthoxylés, les esters de PEG et de PPG, les sucroesters, les sucres oxyéthylénés, les esters de sorbitol, les alkylpolyglucosides (APG), les monoglycérides, les esters de polyglycérols, les alkyl sulfates, les alkyléthersulfates et sulfonates. [000122] In an emulsion intended for skin care, concrete avocado oil (CHA) will be associated with a surfactant of chemically transformed vegetable origin chosen in the group consisting of lecithins, alkyl betaines, ethoxylated fatty alcohols, PEG and PPG esters, sucroesters, oxyethylenated sugars, sorbitol esters, alkylpolyglucosides (APG), monoglycerides, polyglycerol esters, alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates and sulfonates.
[000123] Dans une émulsion destinée au soin de la peau, l'huile concrète d'avocat (CHA) sera associée à un agent épaississant d'origine végétale chimiquement transformé choisi dans le groupe constitué par les alginates, les carraghénanes, les celluloses et amidons modifiés, les pectines, les gommes xanthane, guar, arabique. [000124] Dans une émulsion destinée au soin de la peau, l'huile concrète d'avocat (CHA) sera associée à un agent émollient d'origine végétale chimiquement transformé choisi dans le groupe constitué par les esters d'acides gras C8 à C18 et les alcanes. [000125] Dans une émulsion destinée au soin de la peau, l'huile concrète d'avocat (CHA) sera associée à un lipide végétal ou à l'une de ses fractions, choisie dans le groupe constitué par les huiles de coco, palme, palmiste, olive, argan, soja, tournesol, colza, son de riz, maïs, coton, germe de blé, amande douce, avocat, carthame ; chanvre, noix, noisette, cameline, onagre, bourrache, cassis, moringa, andiroba, jojoba, macadamia, noix du Brésil, crambe, karanja, passiflore, ricin, lin, pracaxi, buruti, baobab, calendula, pépin de courge, sésame, pépin de raisin, cuphéa, babassu, marula, passiflore, abricot, chia, canneberge, perilla, framboise, myrtille, les beurres de karité, cacao, mangue, illipé, cupuacu, murumuru, kokum, sal. [000123] In an emulsion intended for skin care, concrete avocado oil (CHA) will be associated with a thickening agent of chemically transformed vegetable origin chosen from the group consisting of alginates, carrageenans, celluloses and modified starches, pectins, xanthan, guar, arabic gums. [000124] In an emulsion intended for skin care, concrete avocado oil (CHA) will be associated with an emollient agent of chemically transformed plant origin chosen from the group consisting of C8 to C18 fatty acid esters. and alkanes. [000125] In an emulsion intended for skin care, concrete avocado oil (CHA) will be combined with a vegetable lipid or with one of its fractions, chosen from the group consisting of coconut, palm and , palm kernel, olive, argan, soy, sunflower, rapeseed, rice bran, corn, cotton, wheat germ, sweet almond, avocado, safflower; hemp, walnut, hazelnut, camelina, evening primrose, borage, blackcurrant, moringa, andiroba, jojoba, macadamia, Brazil nut, crambe, karanja, passionflower, castor, flax, pracaxi, buruti, baobab, calendula, pumpkin seed, sesame, grapeseed, cuphea, babassu, marula, passionflower, apricot, chia, cranberry, perilla, raspberry, blueberry, shea butters, cocoa, mango, illipe, cupuacu, murumuru, kokum, sal.
[000126] Dans une formule shampoing l'huile concrète d'avocat (CHA) sera associée à un tensioactif d'origine végétale chimiquement transformé choisi dans le groupe constitué par les lécithines, les alkyl bétaïnes, les alcools gras éthoxylés, les esters de PEG et de PPG, les sucroesters, les sucres oxyéthylénés, les esters de sorbitol, les alkylpolyglucosides (APG), les monoglycérides, les esters de polyglycérols, les alkyl sulfates, les alkyléthersulfates et sulfonates. [000126] In a shampoo formula, concrete avocado oil (CHA) will be associated with a surfactant of chemically transformed plant origin chosen from the group consisting of lecithins, alkyl betaines, ethoxylated fatty alcohols, PEG esters and PPG, sucroesters, oxyethylenated sugars, sorbitol esters, alkyl polyglucosides (APG), monoglycerides, polyglycerol esters, alkyl sulphates, alkyl ether sulphates and sulphonates.
[000127] Dans une formule shampoing l'huile concrète d'avocat (CHA) sera associée à un lipide végétal ou à l'une de ses fractions, choisie dans le groupe constitué par les huiles de coco, palme, palmiste, olive, argan, soja, tournesol, colza, son de riz, maïs, coton, germe de blé, amande douce, avocat, carthame ; chanvre, noix, noisette, cameline, onagre, bourrache, cassis, moringa, andiroba, jojoba, macadamia, noix du Brésil, crambe, karanja, passiflore, ricin, lin, pracaxi, buruti, calendula, baobab, pépin de courge, sésame, pépin de raisin, cuphéa, babassu, marula, passiflore, abricot, chia, canneberge, perilla, framboise, myrtille, les beurres de karité, cacao, mangue, illipé, cupuacu, murumuru, kokum, sal. [000128] Dans une formule savon l'huile concrète d'avocat (CHA) sera associée à un lipide végétal ou à l'une de ses fractions, choisie dans le groupe constitué par les huiles de coco, palme, palmiste, olive, argan, soja, tournesol, colza, son de riz, maïs, coton, germe de blé, amande douce, avocat, carthame ; chanvre, noix, noisette, cameline, onagre, bourrache, cassis, moringa, andiroba, jojoba, macadamia, noix du Brésil, crambe, karanja, passiflore, ricin, lin, pracaxi, buruti, calendula, baobab, pépin de courge, sésame, pépin de raisin, cuphéa, babassu, marula, passiflore, abricot, chia, canneberge, perilla, framboise, myrtille, les beurres de karité, cacao, mangue, illipé, cupuacu, murumuru, kokum, sal. [000127] In a shampoo formula, concrete avocado oil (CHA) will be associated with a vegetable lipid or with one of its fractions, chosen from the group consisting of coconut, palm, palm kernel, olive and argan oils. , soy, sunflower, rapeseed, rice bran, corn, cotton, wheat germ, sweet almond, avocado, safflower; hemp, walnut, hazelnut, camelina, evening primrose, borage, blackcurrant, moringa, andiroba, jojoba, macadamia, Brazil nut, crambe, karanja, passionflower, castor, flax, pracaxi, buruti, calendula, baobab, pumpkin seed, sesame, grapeseed, cuphea, babassu, marula, passionflower, apricot, chia, cranberry, perilla, raspberry, blueberry, shea butters, cocoa, mango, illipe, cupuacu, murumuru, kokum, sal. [000128] In a soap formula, concrete avocado oil (CHA) will be associated with a vegetable lipid or with one of its fractions, chosen from the group consisting of coconut, palm, palm kernel, olive and argan oils. , soy, sunflower, rapeseed, rice bran, corn, cotton, wheat germ, sweet almond, avocado, safflower; hemp, walnut, hazelnut, camelina, evening primrose, borage, blackcurrant, moringa, andiroba, jojoba, macadamia, Brazil nut, crambe, karanja, passionflower, castor, flax, pracaxi, buruti, calendula, baobab, pumpkin seed, sesame, grapeseed, cuphea, babassu, marula, passionflower, apricot, chia, cranberry, perilla, raspberry, blueberry, shea butters, cocoa, mango, illipe, cupuacu, murumuru, kokum, sal.
[000129] Dans une formule pour le soin des lèvres l'huile concrète d'avocat (CHA) sera associée à une cire d'origine végétale ou animale choisie dans le groupe constitué par la cire de carnauba, candelilla, son de riz, tournesol, ricin, jojoba, d'abeille. [000129] In a lip care formula, concrete avocado oil (CHA) will be combined with a wax of vegetable or animal origin chosen from the group consisting of carnauba wax, candelilla, rice bran, sunflower , castor, jojoba, bee.
[000130] L'invention concerne également une composition alimentaire, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend une huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention. [000130] The invention also relates to a food composition, characterized in that it comprises a concrete avocado oil according to the invention.
[000131] L'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention a pour vocation à être incorporée dans des produits alimentaires en tant que principe actif ou matière première fonctionnelle. [000131] The concrete avocado oil according to the invention is intended to be incorporated into food products as active principle or functional raw material.
[000132] On entend par produit alimentaire les aliments de consommation courante, les compléments alimentaires ainsi que la nutrition clinique. [000132] By food product is meant foods for everyday consumption, food supplements as well as clinical nutrition.
[000133] Ainsi, l'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention peut être avantageusement incorporée dans les compositions alimentaires solides, liquides ou sprayables à base de lipides et plus particulièrement, les huiles de table, de friture, les margarines, les pâtes à tartiner, les pâtisseries, les plats cuisinés, les produits de la chocolaterie et la confiserie. [000133] Thus, the concrete avocado oil according to the invention can be advantageously incorporated into solid, liquid or sprayable food compositions based on lipids and more particularly, table oils, frying oils, margarines, pasta spreads, pastries, ready meals, chocolate products and confectionery.
[000134] L'huile concrète d'avocat peut aussi être utilisée dans les compositions alimentaires comme agent épaississant, modificateur de rhéologie, filmogène, enrobant, lubrifiant, support d'additifs, d'arômes et de vitamines. [000134] Concrete avocado oil can also be used in food compositions as a thickening agent, rheology modifier, film former, coating agent, lubricant, carrier for additives, flavorings and vitamins.
[000135] L'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention peut également être incorporée dans les compléments alimentaires solides ou liquides, notamment sous une forme hydro-dispersible ou encore plus avantageusement dans des capsules molles. [000135] The concrete avocado oil according to the invention can also be incorporated into solid or liquid food supplements, in particular in a water-dispersible form or even more advantageously in soft capsules.
[000136] En tant que principe actif alimentaire, l'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention, est incorporée en tant qu'agent ré-équilibrateur des apports en acides gras monoinsaturés ou comme source d'acide palmitique et palmitoléique. [000136] As a dietary active principle, the concrete avocado oil according to the invention is incorporated as a re-balancing agent for monounsaturated fatty acid intake or as a source of palmitic and palmitoleic acid.
[000137] Dans le domaine des compléments alimentaires à visée cosmétique ou encore appelés cosmétofoods, ou nutraceutique, l'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention est un agent relipidant, nutritif, hydratant, reconstitutif du film hydrolipidique mais encore comme promoteur de la synthèse des lipides épidermiques, comme agent pour traiter les peaux matures, la xérose hivernale, l'atopie, l'eczéma, l'alopécie, les pellicules ou encore les fibres kératiniques agressées par les UV ou les substances agressives notamment choisi parmi les shampoings, substances utilisées dans la coloration capillaire et/ou les médicaments. [000137] In the field of food supplements for cosmetic purposes or also called cosmetofoods, or nutraceuticals, the concrete avocado oil according to the invention is a lipid-replenishing, nutritive, moisturizing agent, reconstituting the hydrolipidic film but also as a promoter of the synthesis of epidermal lipids, as an agent for treating mature skin, winter xerosis, atopy, eczema, alopecia, dandruff or even keratin fibers attacked by UV rays or aggressive substances chosen in particular from shampoos, substances used in hair coloring and/or medicaments.
[000138] L'invention concerne l'utilisation en tant qu'actif dans des compléments alimentaires à visée cosmétique, de l'huile concrète selon l'invention, en tant qu'agent relipidant, nutritif, antipelliculaire et/ou hydratant de la peau saine, notamment du cuir chevelu sain et/ou pour le traitement cosmétique de la peau saine et/ou des fibres kératiniques saines agressées par les UV ou les substances agressives notamment les shampoings, substances utilisées dans la coloration capillaire et/ou les médicaments. [000138] The invention relates to the use as an active ingredient in food supplements for cosmetic purposes, of the concrete oil according to the invention, as a lipid-replenishing, nutritive, anti-dandruff and/or moisturizing agent for the skin. healthy, in particular of the healthy scalp and/or for the cosmetic treatment of healthy skin and/or healthy keratin fibers damaged by UV rays or aggressive substances, in particular shampoos, substances used in hair coloring and/or medicines.
[000139] Dans un mode de réalisation, la composition alimentaire selon l'invention est caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend de 0,1 à 98,0 % en masse d'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention par rapport à la masse totale de ladite composition. In one embodiment, the food composition according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises from 0.1 to 98.0% by mass of concrete avocado oil according to the invention with respect to the total mass of said composition.
[000140] Dans un mode de réalisation, la composition alimentaire selon l'invention est caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend de 1,0 à 90,0 % en masse d'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention par rapport à la masse totale de ladite composition. In one embodiment, the food composition according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises from 1.0 to 90.0% by mass of concrete avocado oil according to the invention with respect to the total mass of said composition.
[000141] Dans un mode de réalisation, la composition alimentaire selon l'invention est caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend de 2,0 à 75,0 % en masse d'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention par rapport à la masse totale de ladite composition. In one embodiment, the food composition according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises from 2.0 to 75.0% by mass of concrete avocado oil according to the invention with respect to the total mass of said composition.
[000142] Dans une formulation alimentaire, l'huile concrète d'avocat (CHA) sera associée à un lipide végétal ou à l'une de ses fractions, choisie dans le groupe constitué par les huiles de coco, palme, palmiste, olive, soja, tournesol, colza, son de riz, maïs, coton, germe de blé, avocat, carthame ; chanvre, noix, noisette, cameline, onagre, bourrache, cassis, lin, pépin de courge, sésame, pépin de raisin, chia, canneberge, perilla, les beurres de karité, cacao, mangue, sal. [000142] In a food formulation, concrete avocado oil (CHA) will be associated with a vegetable lipid or with one of its fractions, chosen from the group consisting of coconut, palm, palm kernel, olive, soy, sunflower, rapeseed, rice bran, corn, cotton, wheat germ, avocado, safflower; hemp, walnut, hazelnut, camelina, evening primrose, borage, blackcurrant, flax, pumpkin seed, sesame, grape seed, chia, cranberry, perilla, shea butter, cocoa, mango, sal.
[000143] - Dans une formulation de complément alimentaire, l'huile concrète d'avocat (CHA) sera associée à une vitamine choisie dans le groupe constitué par la vitamine A, C, E, D, K, Bl, B2, B3, B5, B6, B8, B9, B12, la niacine, l'acide folique, l'acide pantothénique et la biotine. [000143] - In a food supplement formulation, concrete avocado oil (CHA) will be associated with a vitamin chosen from the group consisting of vitamin A, C, E, D, K, Bl, B2, B3, B5, B6, B8, B9, B12, niacin, folic acid, pantothenic acid and biotin.
[000144] Dans une formulation de complément alimentaire, l'huile concrète d'avocat (CHA) sera associée à un sel minéral choisi dans le groupe constitué par le calcium, magnésium, fer, cuivre, iode, zinc, manganèse, potassium, sélénium, chrome, molybdène, fluorure, chlore et phosphore. [000144] In a food supplement formulation, concrete avocado oil (CHA) will be associated with a mineral salt chosen from the group consisting of calcium, magnesium, iron, copper, iodine, zinc, manganese, potassium, selenium , chromium, molybdenum, fluoride, chlorine and phosphorus.
[000145] D dans les exemples, et sauf indication contraire, la température est exprimée en degré Celsius et la pression est la pression atmosphérique. Léaende de la fiaure 1 : [000145] D in the examples, and unless otherwise indicated, the temperature is expressed in degrees Celsius and the pressure is atmospheric pressure. Leaende de la fiaure 1:
A : Vitesse de pénétration B : Douceur à l'application C : Richesse à l'application D : Sensation d'une peau nourrie après 3 min E : Blanchiment à l'application F : Étalement 1 : ÉMULSION A (huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention) A: Speed of penetration B: Softness on application C: Richness on application D: Sensation of nourished skin after 3 min E: Whitening on application F: Spread 1: EMULSION A (concrete avocado oil according to the invention)
2 : ÉMULSION B (Paraffinum Liquidum) 2: EMULSION B (Paraffinum Liquidum)
Exemple 1 : Préparation d'une huile d'avocat raffinée et d'une huile concrète d'avocat [000146] 20 kg de d'avocat frais de la variété Hass d'origine Mexique sont pelés et dénoyautés pour en extraire la pulpe. La pulpe est alors broyée dans un mixeur de manière à obtenir une purée homogène. Dans un réacteur agité, on additionne alors 20 litres d'eau chaude à 60°C et le mélange est agité à 500 tr/minute pendant 40 minutes. Le mélange est alors centrifugé pour séparer la phase liquide constituée d'une émulsion eau-huile. On renouvelle l'opération 3 fois. Les phases liquides sont alors laissées au repos pendant 10 heures afin de séparer par décantation l'eau et l'huile. On récupère 1,81 kg d'huile brute d'avocat. L'huile obtenue présente une acidité de 1,5 % en équivalent acide oléique. Example 1: Preparation of a Refined Avocado Oil and of a Concrete Avocado Oil [000146] 20 kg of fresh avocado of the Hass variety of Mexican origin are peeled and pitted to extract the pulp. The pulp is then ground in a blender to obtain a homogeneous puree. 20 liters of hot water at 60° C. are then added to a stirred reactor and the mixture is stirred at 500 rpm for 40 minutes. The mixture is then centrifuged to separate the liquid phase consisting of a water-oil emulsion. The operation is repeated 3 times. The liquid phases are then left to stand for 10 hours in order to separate the water and the oil by decantation. 1.81 kg of crude avocado oil are recovered. The oil obtained has an acidity of 1.5% in oleic acid equivalent.
[000147] Dans un réacteur agité, l'huile brute est alors chauffée sous agitation à 75°C en présence de 500 g d'une solution d'acide citrique à 0,2 % pendant 30 minutes.[000147] In a stirred reactor, the crude oil is then heated with stirring to 75° C. in the presence of 500 g of a 0.2% citric acid solution for 30 minutes.
On ajoute alors 500 g d'une solution de soude à 2 %. Le mélange est maintenu sous agitation pendant 30 minutes puis séparé par centrifugation afin de récupérer la phase huileuse. Cette phase huileuse est alors lavée 3 fois avec de l'eau déminéralisée (3 fois 500 ml) jusqu'à neutralité en termes de pH. L'huile obtenue est enfin séchée sous un vide de 100 mbar à 70°C pendant 30 minutes. L'huile résultante est alors décolorée en présence de 2% de terre décolorante (argile Tonsil 115 fournie par la société Clariant). La décoloration est réalisée sous agitation et sous un vide de 50 mbar pendant 45 minutes. En fin de décoloration, l'huile est filtrée et récupérée. L'huile est alors refroidie à 10°C, sous agitation très lente (20 tr/min) pendant 48 heures puis filtrée sous pression d'azote. On récupère alors 1 128 g d'une huile fluide (MG 1) et 262 g de gâteau de filtration sous la forme d'une matière grasse concrète (MG 2). [000148] L'huile fluide MG1 et la matière grasse concrète MG 2 sont séparément désodorisées sous vide à 200°C, sous un vide de 5 mbar et par injection continue de vapeur d'eau (2 g de vapeur pour 100 g de corps gras), pendant 90 minutes. 500 g of a 2% sodium hydroxide solution are then added. The mixture is kept under stirring for 30 minutes and then separated by centrifugation in order to recover the oily phase. This oily phase is then washed 3 times with demineralized water (3 times 500 ml) until neutral in terms of pH. The oil obtained is finally dried under a vacuum of 100 mbar at 70° C. for 30 minutes. The resulting oil is then bleached in the presence of 2% of bleaching earth (Tonsil 115 clay supplied by the company Clariant). The discoloration is carried out with stirring and under a vacuum of 50 mbar for 45 minutes. At the end of discoloration, the oil is filtered and recovered. The oil is then cooled to 10° C. with very slow stirring (20 rpm) for 48 hours and then filtered under nitrogen pressure. 1128 g of a fluid oil (MG 1) and 262 g of filter cake are then recovered in the form of a concrete fat (MG 2). [000148] The fluid oil MG1 and the concrete fat MG 2 are separately deodorized under vacuum at 200° C., under a vacuum of 5 mbar and by continuous injection of steam (2 g of steam per 100 g of body fat), for 90 minutes.
[000149] On obtient alors respectivement l'huile fluide raffinée Al et une huile concrète à 20°C selon l'invention (huile concrète d'avocat El). The refined fluid oil Al and a concrete oil at 20° C. according to the invention are then obtained respectively (concrete avocado oil El).
[000150] Les huiles Al et l'huile concrète d'avocat El sont analysées (résultats rassemblés dans les tableaux 1, 2 et 3). [000150] The oils Al and the concrete oil of avocado El are analyzed (results collated in Tables 1, 2 and 3).
Tableau 1 : analyse comparative de la répartition en acide gras de l'huile Al et de l'huile concrète d'avocat El. Commentaires : Table 1: Comparative analysis of the fatty acid distribution of oil Al and concrete avocado oil El. Comments:
[000151] L'huile concrète d'avocat El présente une teneur en acide palmitique augmentée de plus 44% par comparaison à l'huile d'avocat raffinée obtenue selon un procédé conventionnel (huile Al) ; [000151] The concrete oil of avocado El has a palmitic acid content increased by more than 44% compared to the refined avocado oil obtained according to a conventional process (oil Al);
[000152] La teneur en acide palmitoléique de l'huile concrète d'avocat El est très légèrement supérieure à de l'huile Al ; [000152] The palmitoleic acid content of the concrete oil of avocado El is very slightly higher than oil Al;
[000153] La teneur en acides gras monoinsaturés reste relativement élevée par rapport à l'huile d'avocat conventionnelle Al. [000153] The content of monounsaturated fatty acids remains relatively high compared to conventional Al avocado oil.
[000154] La teneur en acides gras polyinsaturés demeure relative proche dans l'huile Al et l'huile concrète d'avocat El ; [000155] - Le procédé d'obtention de l'huile concrète d'avocat El n'altère en rien la teneur en insaponifiables (phytostérols et vitamines liposolubles). [000156] En conclusion, l'huile concrète d'avocat El est un ingrédient enrichi en acide palmitique sans altération notable des qualités nutritives de l'huile d'avocat conventionnelle en termes d'acides gras monoinsaturés, polyinsaturés et d'insaponifiables. [000154] The content of polyunsaturated fatty acids remains relatively close in the oil Al and the concrete oil of avocado El; [000155] - The process for obtaining the concrete oil of avocado El in no way alters the content of unsaponifiables (phytosterols and fat-soluble vitamins). [000156] In conclusion, concrete avocado oil El is an ingredient enriched in palmitic acid without significant alteration of the nutritional qualities of conventional avocado oil in terms of monounsaturated, polyunsaturated and unsaponifiable fatty acids.
Tableau 2 : analyse comparative de la composition des triglycérides de l'huile Al et de l'huile concrète d'avocat El. Table 2: Comparative analysis of the triglyceride composition of Al oil and El avocado concrete oil.
Dans la nomenclature des triglycérides les radicaux issus des acides gras sont abrégés en : - L pour l'acide linoléique, In the nomenclature of triglycerides, radicals derived from fatty acids are abbreviated as: - L for linoleic acid,
- O pour l'acide oléique, - O for oleic acid,
- P pour l'acide palmitique, - P for palmitic acid,
- Po pour l'acide palmitoléique et - Po for palmitoleic acid and
- S pour l'acide stéarique. - S for stearic acid.
Commentaires : Comments:
[000157] L'huile concrète d'avocat El et l'huile Al ont une composition de triglycérides totalement différente ; [000158] L'huile concrète d'avocat El est enrichie en triglycérides PPoO, PoOO, PPL, PPP, et PPL et en particulier, en triglycérides dans lesquels l'acide palmitique est en position sn2 du glycérol, c'est-à-dire la position la plus biodisponible par voie orale. [000159] L'huile concrète d'avocat El est aussi enrichie en en triglycérides vecteurs de l'acide palmitoléique (PPoO et PoOO). [000157] Concrete avocado oil El and oil Al have a completely different composition of triglycerides; [000158] The concrete oil of avocado El is enriched with triglycerides PPoO, PoOO, PPL, PPP, and PPL and in particular, with triglycerides in which the palmitic acid is in position sn2 of the glycerol, that is to say say the most bioavailable position orally. [000159] The concrete oil of avocado El is also enriched in triglycerides vectors of palmitoleic acid (PPoO and PoOO).
[000160] En conclusion, l'huile concrète d'avocat El est un ingrédient enrichi en acide palmitique hautement biodisponible par voie alimentaire. [000160] In conclusion, the concrete oil of avocado El is an ingredient enriched in palmitic acid that is highly bioavailable through food.
Tableau 3 : analyse thermique différentielle comparative de l'huile Al et de d'huile concrète d'avocat El Table 3: Comparative Differential Thermal Analysis of Al Oil and El Avocado Concrete Oil
Commentaires : Comments:
[000161] L'huile raffinée Al et l'huile concrète d'avocat El présentent des profils de fusion et de cristallisation totalement différents comme en témoignent leurs températures de fin de cristallisation respectives ainsi que les températures mini/maxi des pics majoritaires de fusion et de cristallisation. [000161] The refined oil Al and the concrete oil of avocado El have totally different melting and crystallization profiles as evidenced by their respective end of crystallization temperatures as well as the minimum/maximum temperatures of the majority melting peaks and of crystallization.
[000162] L'huile concrète d'avocat El est une matière grasse concrète à 20°C contrairement à l'huile d'avocat raffinée Al, laquelle à la même température est quasi entièrement sous forme liquide. [000163] En conclusion, de par leur comportement à la fusion et à la cristallisation, l'huile Al et L'huile concrète d'avocat El ont des propriétés cosmétiques de toucher et d'émollience fondamentalement différentes. [000162] Concrete avocado oil El is a concrete fat at 20° C. unlike refined avocado oil Al, which at the same temperature is almost entirely in liquid form. [000163] In conclusion, due to their melting and crystallization behaviour, oil Al and concrete avocado oil El have fundamentally different cosmetic properties of touch and emollience.
[000164] De même, leur goût en bouche et leur palatabilité alimentaire (caractéristique de la texture des aliments agréables au palais, propriété responsable en partie du plaisir alimentaire en bouche) sont totalement éloignés. A ce titre l'huile concrète d'avocat El est intéressante pour la confection de pâtes à tartiner, de margarines ou encore comme matière grasse de chocolaterie et de pâtisserie. Exemple 2 : composition cosmétique « crème de soin corps » contenant l"huile concrète d'avocat. [000164] Similarly, their taste in the mouth and their food palatability (characteristic of the texture of foods that are pleasing to the palate, property responsible in part for the food pleasure in the mouth) are completely different. As such, the concrete oil of avocado El is interesting for making spreads, margarines or even as a fat for chocolate and pastry. Example 2: “body care cream” cosmetic composition containing concrete avocado oil.
Exemple 3 : composition cosmétique de stick déodorant contenant l'huile concrète d'avocat. Exemple 4 : composition de complément alimentaire en capsules molles contenant l'extrait d'huile d'avocat. Exemple 5 : composition alimentaire de pâte chocolatée à tartiner contenant l'huile concrète d'avocat. Example 3: cosmetic composition of deodorant stick containing concrete avocado oil. Example 4: food supplement composition in soft capsules containing the avocado oil extract. Example 5: food composition of chocolate spread containing concrete avocado oil.
Exemple 6 (comparatif) : Substitution de l'huile d'avocat conventionnelle dans une crème cosmétique / Effet sur la quantité d'éoaississantExample 6 (comparative): Substitution of conventional avocado oil in a cosmetic cream/Effect on the amount of thickener
[000165] On prépare 2 formulations cosmétiques selon la même procédure opératoire qui consiste à chauffer séparément à 70°C la phase grasse et la phase aqueuse. On ajoute alors la phase aqueuse à la phase grasse sous forte agitation. Le pH est ensuite ajusté à 6,5 par ajout de tri-éthanolamine. Après refroidissement sous agitation constante à la température de 40%, on procède à l'ajout final du parfum. Les compositions de ces 2 formulations figurent dans le tableau ci-dessous : [000165] 2 cosmetic formulations are prepared according to the same operating procedure which consists in heating the fatty phase and the aqueous phase separately to 70° C. The aqueous phase is then added to the fatty phase with vigorous stirring. The pH is then adjusted to 6.5 by adding tri-ethanolamine. After cooling with constant stirring to a temperature of 40%, the final addition of the perfume is carried out. The compositions of these 2 formulations are shown in the table below:
* Epaississant ** Viscosité 200/100 Cs Commentaires : * Thickener ** Viscosity 200/100 Cs Comments:
[000166] On remarque que les formules A et B, lesquelles présentent des teneurs identiques respectivement en huile d'avocat raffinée Al et en huile concrète d'avocat El, différent uniquement au niveau de leur teneurs respectives en ingrédients épaississants (alcools cétéarylique libre et éthoxylé, acide stéarique). Cependant, on observe que leur viscosité est sensiblement identique. Ce résultat démontre que l'huile concrète d'avocat El selon l'invention présente une activité gélifiante intrinsèque et permet de réduire la teneur en agents épaississants. Exemple 7 (comparatif) - Substitution de l'huile d'avocat conventionnelle dans une mayonnaise / Effet sur la quantité d'épaississant et la tenue à l'oxydation [000166] It is noted that formulas A and B, which have identical contents respectively of refined avocado oil Al and of concrete avocado oil El, differ only in terms of their respective contents of thickening ingredients (free cetearyl alcohols and ethoxylated, stearic acid). However, it is observed that their viscosity is substantially identical. This result demonstrates that the concrete oil of avocado El according to the invention exhibits an intrinsic gelling activity and makes it possible to reduce the content of thickening agents. Example 7 (comparative) - Substitution of conventional avocado oil in a mayonnaise / Effect on the quantity of thickener and resistance to oxidation
[000167] On prépare 2 formulations de mayonnaise selon la même procédure opératoire qui consiste à émulsionner à l'aide d'un homogénéiseur une première phase constituée d'eau, d'un épaississant et d'un arôme. On ajoute ensuite en 4 étapes distinctes et successives le jaune d'œuf, le chlorure de sodium et le conservateur, le vinaigre puis enfin l'huile végétale d'avocat. La préparation est réalisée à une température de 20°C et sous un vide de 400 mbar. Les 2 formulations sont gardées au réfrigérateur à 5°C et au contact de l'air pendant 15 jours. Les compositions et caractéristiques de ces 2 formulations figurent dans le tableau ci-dessous : [000167] 2 formulations of mayonnaise are prepared according to the same operating procedure which consists in emulsifying, using a homogenizer, a first phase consisting of water, a thickener and an aroma. The egg yolk, the sodium chloride and the preservative, the vinegar and finally the avocado vegetable oil are then added in 4 distinct and successive stages. The preparation is carried out at a temperature of 20° C. and under a vacuum of 400 mbar. The 2 formulations are kept in the refrigerator at 5° C. and in contact with air for 15 days. The compositions and characteristics of these 2 formulations are shown in the table below:
Commentaires : [000168] On remarque que les formules A et B, lesquelles présentent des teneurs identiques en huile d'avocat raffinée Al et en huile concrète d'avocat El, différent au niveau de leur teneurs respectives en agent épaississant (gomme guar). Cependant, on observe que leur viscosité est sensiblement identique alors que la teneur en gomme guar de la formule B a été diminuée de plus de 35%. Ce résultat démontre que l'huile concrète d'avocat El selon l'invention présente une activité épaississante intrinsèque et permet de diminuer la quantité d'agent épaississant. Comments: [000168] It is noted that formulas A and B, which have identical contents of refined avocado oil Al and concrete avocado oil El, differ in their respective contents of thickening agent (guar gum). However, it is observed that their viscosity is substantially identical whereas the guar gum content of formula B has been reduced by more than 35%. This result demonstrates that the concrete oil of avocado El according to the invention exhibits an intrinsic thickening activity and makes it possible to reduce the quantity of thickening agent.
[000169] Par ailleurs, la tenue à l'oxydation de la formule B est améliorée puisque l'indice de peroxyde après 15 jours de stockage au froid, augmente 4 fois plus vite. Exemple 8 (comparatif) - Tenue à l'oxydation [000169] Furthermore, the resistance to oxidation of formula B is improved since the peroxide index after 15 days of cold storage increases 4 times faster. Example 8 (comparative) - Resistance to oxidation
[000170] La méthode Rancimat est un test de vieillissement accéléré. Lors d’une augmentation constante de la température dans la cuve de réaction, de l’air est envoyé à travers l’échantillon. Il mesure le temps nécessaire à l’oxydation du produit et définit le temps d’induction ou de stabilité à l’oxydation (OSI). L'huile d'avocat raffinée Al et l'huile concrète d'avocat El selon l'invention ont fait l'objet de cette analyse selon la norme NF EN ISO 6886. Les résultats obtenus sont rassemblés dans le tableau ci- dessous : [000170] The Rancimat method is an accelerated aging test. During a constant increase in temperature in the reaction vessel, air is forced through the sample. It measures the time it takes for the product to oxidize and defines the oxidation induction or stability time (OSI). The refined avocado oil Al and the concrete avocado oil El according to the invention were the subject of this analysis according to standard NF EN ISO 6886. The results obtained are collated in the table below:
* test réalisé sur une prise d'essai de 3g à 98°C et sous un débit d'air injecté de 10 l/h. Commentaires : * test carried out on a 3g test sample at 98°C and under an injected air flow of 10 l/h. Comments:
[000171] On remarque que l'huile concrète d'avocat El selon l'invention présente un temps d'induction significativement supérieur à celui de l'huile d'avocat conventionnelle Al et donc une meilleure tenue à l'oxydation. It is noted that the concrete oil of avocado El according to the invention has an induction time significantly greater than that of conventional avocado oil Al and therefore a better resistance to oxidation.
Exemple 9 (comparatifl-Huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention comme source d'acide palmitique de haute pureté Example 9 (comparatifl-Concrete oil of avocado according to the invention as a source of palmitic acid of high purity
[000172] Dans un réacteur agité muni d'un réfrigérant, 200g d'huile concrète d'avocat El selon l'invention sont mis en présence de de 960 ml de potasse alcoolique 3,7M et de quelques billes de verre. Le mélange est alors porté à reflux (95°C) pendant 4 heures. Après refroidissement à température ambiante, le milieu est dilué avec 450 ml d'acide sulfurique 4,0M et porté à reflux à 95°C pendant 6 heures. Le mélange est ensuite légèrement refroidi à 50°C puis laissé à décanter pendant 3 heures en maintenant la température à 50°C. In a stirred reactor equipped with a condenser, 200 g of concrete oil of avocado El according to the invention are placed in the presence of 960 ml of 3.7 M alcoholic potassium hydroxide and a few glass beads. The mixture is then refluxed (95° C.) for 4 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the medium is diluted with 450 ml of 4.0M sulfuric acid and brought to reflux at 95° C. for 6 hours. The mixture is then slightly cooled to 50°C and then left to settle for 3 hours while maintaining the temperature at 50°C.
[000173] La phase huileuse est alors séparée de la phase aqueuse lourde puis lavée dans un réacteur agité en présence de 100 ml d'eau chaude (60°C). Après décantation et récupération de la phase huileuse on renouvelle l'opération jusqu'à neutralité des eaux de lavage. La phase huileuse est ensuite séchée sous vide (100 mbar) à l'évaporateur rotatif. La phase huileuse est alors stockée à 12°C pendant 24 heures afin de cristalliser les acides gras saturés. Le mélange est alors filtré sur filtre Büchner et le gâteau lavé 3 fois avec 100 ml d'hexane froid (15°C). Le gâteau obtenu est enfin séché à l'étude à 40°C pendant 10 heures. The oily phase is then separated from the heavy aqueous phase and then washed in a stirred reactor in the presence of 100 ml of hot water (60° C.). After decantation and recovery of the oily phase, the operation is repeated until the washing water is neutral. The oily phase is then dried under vacuum (100 mbar) on a rotary evaporator. The oily phase is then stored at 12° C. for 24 hours in order to crystallize the saturated fatty acids. The mixture is then filtered through a Büchner filter and the cake washed 3 times with 100 ml of cold hexane (15° C.). The cake obtained is finally dried under study at 40° C. for 10 hours.
[000174] On procède de façon identique avec une huile de palme raffinée. [000175] L'analyse de la composition en acides gras des 2 gâteaux obtenus est présentée dans le tableau ci-dessous : [000174] The procedure is identical with refined palm oil. [000175] The analysis of the fatty acid composition of the 2 cakes obtained is presented in the table below:
* Non Détecté * Not Detected
Commentaires : Comments:
[000176] La teneur en acide palmitique des acides gras obtenus à partir de l'huile concrète d'avocat El selon l'invention est de 96 % et s'avère nettement supérieure à celle des acides gras issus de l'huile de palme raffinée. Par conséquent, l'huile concrète d'avocat El permet d'obtenir un acide palmitique de plus haute pureté. [000176] The palmitic acid content of the fatty acids obtained from the concrete oil of avocado El according to the invention is 96% and proves to be significantly higher than that of the fatty acids obtained from refined palm oil. . Therefore, concrete oil of avocado El makes it possible to obtain palmitic acid of higher purity.
[000177] Exemple 10 : Comparaison de la stabilité phvsicochimiaue et organoleptique d’une émulsion cosmétique huile dans l’eau PH/E1 à base d’huile minérale, d'huile raffinée d'avocat ou d’huile concrète d’avocat selon l’invention [000177] Example 10: Comparison of the physicochemical and organoleptic stability of a cosmetic oil-in-water emulsion PH/E1 based on mineral oil, refined avocado oil or concrete avocado oil according to 'invention
[000178] On prépare une émulsion A à partir d’huile concrète d’avocat selon l’invention telle que préparée à l’exemple 1 (huile concrète d’avocat El), une émulsion B comprenant une huile de paraffine (INCI : Paraffinum Liquidum) vendue sous le nom d'HUILE DE PARAFFINE CODEX STANDARD L par la société Aiglon™, et une émulsion C comprenant une huile raffinée d'avocat HUILE D'AVOCAT VIERGE et BIOLOGIQUE™ de la société EMILE NOËL™ tout élément étant égal par ailleurs, selon le protocole suivant. [000178] An emulsion A is prepared from concrete avocado oil according to the invention as prepared in Example 1 (concrete avocado oil El), an emulsion B comprising a paraffin oil (INCI: Paraffinum Liquidum) sold under the name of CODEX STANDARD L PARAFFIN OIL by the company Aiglon™, and an emulsion C comprising a refined avocado oil VIRGIN and BIOLOGICAL AVOCADO OIL™ from the company EMILE NOËL™, all elements being equal by elsewhere, according to the following protocol.
[000179] Dans un bêcher en verre de taille adaptée, on mélange l'huile Concrète d'Avocat El selon l'invention ou l'huile de Paraffine (Paraffinum Liquidum), ou l'huile raffinée d'avocat, avec le triglycéride Caprylique/Caprique et le mélange alcool cétéarylique et glucoside cétéarylique dans les proportions indiquées dans le tableau ci- dessous pour atteindre un poids total de 300 grammes. Le mélange est chauffé jusqu'à 80°C sous agitation magnétique et constitue la phase 1. Pendant ce temps, dans un bêcher en verre de taille adaptée, on mélange l'eau, la glycérine, la gomme de xanthane et le mélange phénoxyéthanol et Parabènes. Ce mélange est chauffé jusqu'à 80°C sous agitation magnétique et constitue la phase 2. Lorsque les deux phases ont atteint la température de 80°C, la phase 1 est versée lentement dans la phase 2, sous agitation au rotor/stator, à une vitesse de 3000 tours/min. L'agitation est maintenue pendant 5 minutes puis le mélange est refroidi à l'aide d'un bain d'eau froide, sous agitation planétaire, à une vitesse d'agitation comprise entre 700 et 1200 tours/min, jusqu'à ce que la température de l'émulsion ainsi obtenue atteigne 30°C. In a glass beaker of suitable size, the Concrete Avocado El oil according to the invention or Paraffin oil (Paraffinum Liquidum), or refined avocado oil, is mixed with the Caprylic triglyceride / Capric and the mixture of cetearyl alcohol and cetearyl glucoside in the proportions indicated in the table below below to reach a total weight of 300 grams. The mixture is heated up to 80°C under magnetic stirring and constitutes phase 1. During this time, in a glass beaker of suitable size, the water, glycerin, xanthan gum and the phenoxyethanol mixture are mixed and Parabens. This mixture is heated to 80°C with magnetic stirring and constitutes phase 2. When the two phases have reached a temperature of 80°C, phase 1 is slowly poured into phase 2, with rotor/stator stirring, at a speed of 3000 rpm. Stirring is maintained for 5 minutes then the mixture is cooled using a cold water bath, with planetary stirring, at a stirring speed of between 700 and 1200 rpm, until the temperature of the emulsion thus obtained reaches 30°C.
[000180] Les compositions des émulsions A et B sont reproduites ci-dessous : [000181] Les émulsions A, B et C sont caractérisées à J=0 et J+l, de manière organoleptique pour l’aspect, la couleur et l’odeur. [000180] The compositions of emulsions A and B are reproduced below: [000181] Emulsions A, B and C are characterized at D=0 and D+1, organoleptically for appearance, color and smell.
[000182] La mesure de pH a été effectuée grâce portable à sonde, à un pH-mètre de marque Milwaukee™ préalablement étalonné. [000182] The pH measurement was carried out using a portable probe, with a previously calibrated Milwaukee™ brand pH meter.
[000183] La mesure de viscosité a été effectuée à l'aide d'un viscosimètre de marque NEWTRY NDJ-1, en utilisant le rotor n°4, et une vitesse de 30 tours/s. [000183] The viscosity measurement was performed using a NEWTRY NDJ-1 brand viscometer, using rotor No. 4, and a speed of 30 revolutions/s.
[000184] Les résultats sont présentés dans le tableau ci-dessous : [000184] The results are presented in the table below:
[000185] On remarque que les émulsions A et B présentent un aspect, un pH, une couleur et une odeur semblable. Sous forme émulsionné, l’huile concrète d’avocat selon l’invention induit une légère augmentation de la viscosité, sans pour autant que celle-ci ne modifie la fluidité de l'émulsion. [000185] It is noted that emulsions A and B have a similar appearance, pH, color and smell. In emulsified form, the concrete avocado oil according to the invention induces a slight increase in viscosity, without this modifying the fluidity of the emulsion.
[000186] A J=0, on note que l'emulsion C est très teintée avec une odeur végétale très marqué. L'émulsion comprenant de l'huile concrète d'avocat selon l'invention présente donc un avantage significatif par rapport à l'émulsion comprenant l'huile raffinée d'avocat, notamment pour les utilisations pour les formulations cosmétiques, pharmaceutiques ou alimentaires par rapport à l'huile raffinée d'avocat. [000186] At J=0, it is noted that emulsion C is very tinted with a very marked vegetable odor. The emulsion comprising concrete avocado oil according to the invention therefore has a significant advantage over the emulsion comprising refined avocado oil, in particular for uses for cosmetic, pharmaceutical or food formulations over with refined avocado oil.
[000187] Les émulsions A et B sont ensuite soumises à un test de vieillissement accéléré réalisé à l'étuve à 45°C, sous air et pendant 60 jours. [000188] L’aspect, la couleur et l’odeur sont estimés de manière organoleptique. [000187] Emulsions A and B are then subjected to an accelerated aging test carried out in an oven at 45° C., in air and for 60 days. [000188] Appearance, color and smell are estimated organoleptically.
[000189] La mesure de l’indice de peroxyde (ci-après IP) est effectuée selon la méthode NM ISO 3960-2009. [000190] La mesure du pH est effectuée grâce portable à sonde, à un pH-mètre de marque Milwaukee™ préalablement étalonné. [000189] The measurement of the peroxide index (hereinafter IP) is carried out according to the NM ISO 3960-2009 method. [000190] The pH measurement is carried out using a portable probe, with a previously calibrated Milwaukee™ brand pH meter.
[000191] La mesure de l’indice de la viscosité est effectuée à l'aide d'un viscosimètre de marque NEWTRY NDJ-1, en utilisant le rotor n°4, et une vitesse de 30 tours/s. [000191] The viscosity index is measured using a NEWTRY NDJ-1 brand viscometer, using rotor No. 4, and a speed of 30 revolutions/s.
[000192] L’ensemble des mesures est effectué à J+l, J+15, J+30 et J+60. [000192] All the measurements are taken on D+1, D+15, D+30 and D+60.
[000193] Les résultats sont présentés dans le tableau ci-dessous : [000193] The results are presented in the table below:
[000194] On remarque que l’aspect, la couleur, l’odeur, le pH et la viscosité des émulsions A et B restent constantes au cours du temps. A 60 jours, sous forme émulsionnée et versus l’huile minérale, l’huile concrète d’avocat selon l’invention n’induit aucune prise d’indice de peroxyde, ce qui démontre la stabilité chimique oxydative de l'émulsion comprenant l’huile concrète d’avocat selon l’invention. [000195] De façon inattendue, sous forme émulsionnée, l’huile concrète d’avocat selon l’invention présente une tenue à l’oxydation identique à celle de l’huile minérale et ce, sans ajout d’antioxydant dans la formule. Exemple 11 : Comparaison de la stabilité phvsicochimiaue et organoleptique d’une formulation de baume à lèvre cosmétiaue à base d’huile minérale versus l’huile concrète d’avocat [000194] It is noted that the appearance, color, smell, pH and viscosity of emulsions A and B remain constant over time. At 60 days, in emulsified form and versus mineral oil, the concrete avocado oil according to the invention does not induce any peroxide index uptake, which demonstrates the oxidative chemical stability of the emulsion comprising the concrete avocado oil according to the invention. [000195] Unexpectedly, in emulsified form, the concrete avocado oil according to the invention has an oxidation resistance identical to that of mineral oil and this, without the addition of an antioxidant in the formula. Example 11: Comparison of the Phvsicochemical and Organoleptic Stability of a Cosmetic Lip Balm Formulation Based on Mineral Oil Versus Concrete Avocado Oil
[000196] On prépare 2 formules de baume à lèvre, l’une à partir d’huile concrète d’avocat El selon l’invention telle que préparée à l’exemple 1 (ci-après baume A) et l’autre à partir d’une huile de paraffine commerciale vendue par la société Aiglon™ (ci- après baume B). [000196] 2 lip balm formulas are prepared, one from concrete oil of avocado El according to the invention as prepared in Example 1 (hereinafter balm A) and the other from of a commercial paraffin oil sold by the company Aiglon™ (hereinafter balm B).
[000197] Dans un bêcher en verre de taille adaptée, on mélange un à un tous les ingrédients dans les proportions indiquées dans le tableau ci-dessous pour atteindre un poids total de 300 grammes. Le mélange est chauffé à 80°C pendant 10 minutes, sous agitation magnétique. L'agitation est ensuite supprimée et le mélange est laissé à refroidir à température ambiante. In a glass beaker of suitable size, all the ingredients are mixed one by one in the proportions indicated in the table below to reach a total weight of 300 grams. The mixture is heated at 80° C. for 10 minutes, with magnetic stirring. Stirring is then removed and the mixture is left to cool to room temperature.
[000198] Les compositions des baumes A et B sont reproduites ci-dessous : [000198] The compositions of balms A and B are reproduced below:
[000199] Les baumes A et B sont caractérisées à J=0 sur la base de critères physicochimiques, visuels et organoleptiques. G0002001 Les résultats figurent dans le tableau ci-dessous : [000199] Balms A and B are characterized at D=0 on the basis of physicochemical, visual and organoleptic criteria. G0002001 The results are shown in the table below:
[000201] Il apparaît clairement que sous forme de baume et à haute concentration (30 % en poids), l’huile concrète d’avocat selon l’invention n’induit pas de changement d’aspect, d’odeur et de couleur par rapport à une huile minérale de paraffine. [000201] It clearly appears that in the form of a balm and at high concentration (30% by weight), the concrete avocado oil according to the invention does not induce any change in appearance, smell and color by compared to a paraffin mineral oil.
[000202] Les baumes A et B sont ensuite soumis à un test de vieillissement accéléré réalisé à l'étuve à 45°C, sous air et pendant 60 jours. [000202] Balms A and B are then subjected to an accelerated aging test carried out in an oven at 45° C., in air and for 60 days.
[000203] L’aspect, la couleur et l’odeur sont estimés de manière organoleptique. [000203] Appearance, color and smell are estimated organoleptically.
[000204] La mesure de l’indice de peroxyde (ci-après IP) est effectuée par selon la méthode NM ISO 3960-2009. [000204] The measurement of the peroxide index (hereinafter IP) is carried out using the NM ISO 3960-2009 method.
[000205] L’ensemble des mesures est effectué à J+l, J+30 et J+60. [000207] Il apparaît clairement qu'à 30 et 60 jours, sous forme baume à 30 % et par rapport à l’huile minérale, l’huile concrète d’avocat n’induit pas de changement sur l’ensemble des critères mesurés. [000205] All of the measurements are carried out on D+1, D+30 and D+60. [000207] It clearly appears that at 30 and 60 days, in balm form at 30% and compared with mineral oil, concrete avocado oil does not induce any change in all of the criteria measured.
[000208] De façon inattendue, sous forme baume et à une concentration élevée (30 %), tout élément étant égal par ailleurs, l’huile concrète d’avocat selon l’invention présente une tenue à l’oxydation identique à celle de l’huile minérale et ce, sans ajout d’antioxydant dans la formule. [000208] Unexpectedly, in balm form and at a high concentration (30%), all other elements being equal, the concrete avocado oil according to the invention has an oxidation resistance identical to that of mineral oil without adding antioxidants to the formula.
[000209] En effet, la prise de 1,6 point d’indice de peroxyde à 60 jours et à 45°C est extrêmement modérée compte tenu des conditions drastiques du test de vieillissement accéléré. En effet, l’homme de l’art aurait considéré qu’une prise d’au moins 5 points de l’indice de peroxyde aurait indiqué une résistance moyenne à l’oxydation et en tout cas, significativement différente de la résistance à l’oxydation du baume à base d’huile de paraffine. [000209] In fact, the uptake of 1.6 points of peroxide index after 60 days and at 45° C. is extremely moderate given the drastic conditions of the accelerated aging test. Indeed, a person skilled in the art would have considered that an increase of at least 5 points of the peroxide index would have indicated an average resistance to oxidation and in any case, significantly different from the resistance to oxidation of paraffin oil balm.
[000210] Par ailleurs, on notera que l’huile la plus aisément oxydable rentrant à forte teneur (i.d. 30 % en poids) dans les 2 formulations de baume est l’huile de colza (dénomination INCI Brassica Campestris Seed Oil). Aussi, cette huile connue pour sa mauvaise tenue à l’oxydation est en grande partie responsable de la prise d’indice de peroxyde des deux baumes. Par conséquent, en absence d’antioxydant, l’huile concrète d’avocat selon l'invention renforce la protection de l’huile de colza contre l’oxydation au sein de la formule et ce, de façon quasi identique à l’huile de paraffine. [000210] Furthermore, it should be noted that the most easily oxidizable oil entering at high content (i.d. 30% by weight) in the 2 balm formulations is rapeseed oil (INCI name Brassica Campestris Seed Oil). Also, this oil, known for its poor resistance to oxidation, is largely responsible for the increase in the peroxide index of the two balms. Consequently, in the absence of antioxidant, the concrete avocado oil according to the invention reinforces the protection of the rapeseed oil against oxidation within the formula and this, in an almost identical way to the oil of paraffin.
Exemple 12 : Comparaison des propriétés sensorielles d’une émulsion cosmétique huile dans l’eau PH/E1 à base d’huile minérale ou l’huile concrète d’avocat selon l’invention Example 12: Comparison of the sensory properties of a cosmetic oil-in-water emulsion PH/E1 based on mineral oil or concrete avocado oil according to the invention
[000211] Une analyse sensorielle est effectuée sur un panel de 20 femmes avec les émulsions A et B tel que préparée dans l’exemple 10, afin de comparer les performances sensorielles d’une émulsion comprenant une huile concrète d’avocat selon l’invention et une émulsion conventionnelle à l’huile de paraffine. [000211] A sensory analysis is carried out on a panel of 20 women with emulsions A and B as prepared in Example 10, in order to compare the sensory performance of an emulsion comprising a concrete avocado oil according to the invention. and a conventional paraffin oil emulsion.
[000212] Les personnes recrutées pour cette étude sont des adultes de 25 à 45 ans, tous types de peaux confondus. Chaque personne a répondu individuellement à l'étude, en notant de 1 à 5 chaque critère, sans avoir reçu aucune information concernant les formules à évaluer (test en simple aveugle). [000212] The people recruited for this study are adults aged 25 to 45, all skin types combined. Each person responded individually to the study, scoring each criterion from 1 to 5, without having received any information concerning the formulas to be evaluated (single-blind test).
[000213] Les critères d'évaluation ainsi que les résultats sont indiqués sur la Figure[000213] The evaluation criteria as well as the results are indicated in the Figure
1. 1.
[000214] On observe que le panel n’a pas perçu de différence sensorielle significative entre les 2 formules concernant l'étalement, la vitesse de pénétration, la douceur à l'étalement et la richesse à l'étalement. Sur ces 4 critères, l'émulsion A comprenant l’huile concrète d’avocat selon l’invention des résultats équivalent à l'émulsion B comprenant de l’huile de paraffine. [000214] It is observed that the panel did not perceive any significant sensory difference between the 2 formulas concerning the spreading, the speed of penetration, the softness on spreading and the richness on spreading. Of these 4 criteria, emulsion A comprising concrete avocado oil according to the invention results equivalent to emulsion B comprising paraffin oil.
[000215] Le panel a perçu une nette différence en ce qui concerne le blanchiment à l’application, caractéristique que l’on cherche à éviter en formulation cosmétique. Sur ce point, l'émulsion A comprenant l’huile concrète d’avocat selon l’invention montre de meilleurs résultats puisque cette dernière ne savonne presque pas à l’application, contrairement à l'émulsion B comprenant de l’huile de paraffine. [000216] Le panel a perçu une différence significative en ce qui concerne la sensation d’une peau nourrie après 3 minutes en faveur de l'émulsion A comprenant l’huile concrète d’avocat selon l’invention. [000215] The panel perceived a clear difference with regard to bleaching on application, a characteristic that we seek to avoid in cosmetic formulation. On this point, emulsion A comprising concrete avocado oil according to the invention shows better results since the latter hardly soaps up on application, unlike emulsion B comprising paraffin oil. [000216] The panel perceived a significant difference as regards the sensation of nourished skin after 3 minutes in favor of emulsion A comprising the concrete avocado oil according to the invention.
[000217] Tout élément étant égal par ailleurs, les compositions cosmétiques sous forme d'émulsion comprenant l’huile concrète d’avocat selon l’invention présente donc un avantage sensoriel certain pour l’utilisateur par rapport aux compositions cosmétiques comprenant une huile de paraffine. [000217] All elements being equal, the cosmetic compositions in the form of an emulsion comprising the concrete avocado oil according to the invention therefore have a certain sensory advantage for the user compared to the cosmetic compositions comprising a paraffin oil. .

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Huile concrète d'avocat caractérisée en ce que sa teneur en acide palmitique par rapport aux acides gras totaux est comprise entre 15 et 35% et son point de fusion complète est compris dans un intervalle allant de 20 à 50 °C, l'huile d'avocat étant obtenue à partir d'avocat de variété choisie parmi la liste consistant en Hass, Fuerte, Bacon, Pinkerton, Ettinger, Lula, Ryan, Barker et/ou Peruano. 1. Concrete avocado oil characterized in that its palmitic acid content relative to total fatty acids is between 15 and 35% and its complete melting point is within a range from 20 to 50°C, the avocado oil being obtained from avocado of a variety selected from the list consisting of Hass, Fuerte, Bacon, Pinkerton, Ettinger, Lula, Ryan, Barker and/or Peruano.
2. Huile concrète d'avocat selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est obtenue à partir d'avocat de variété Hass. 2. Concrete avocado oil according to claim 1, characterized in that it is obtained from Hass variety avocado.
3. Huile concrète d'avocat selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle n'est pas obtenue à partir d'avocat de variété d'origine malaisienne. 3. Concrete avocado oil according to claim 1, characterized in that it is not obtained from avocado variety of Malaysian origin.
4. Huile concrète d'avocat selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle présente un point d'écoulement déterminé par la méthode ASTM D 97 comprise entre 8 et 15°C. 4. Concrete avocado oil according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a pour point determined by the ASTM D 97 method of between 8 and 15°C.
5. Huile concrète d'avocat selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que sa teneur en triglycérides dans lesquels l'acide palmitique est en position 2 du glycérol est supérieure ou égale à 10% par rapport à la teneur total en triglycérides. 5. Concrete avocado oil according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that its content of triglycerides in which the palmitic acid is in position 2 of the glycerol is greater than or equal to 10% relative to the total triglyceride content. .
6. Huile concrète d'avocat selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que sa teneur relative en triglycérides vecteurs d'acide palmitoléique est supérieure ou égale à 4,5 % par rapport à la teneur total en triglycérides. 6. Concrete avocado oil according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that its relative content of palmitoleic acid vector triglycerides is greater than or equal to 4.5% relative to the total triglyceride content.
7. Huile concrète d'avocat selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que sa teneur relative en trioléine est inférieure ou égale à 25 %, préférentiellement inférieure ou égale à 23% par rapport à la teneur totale en triglycérides. 7. Concrete avocado oil according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that its relative triolein content is less than or equal to 25%, preferably less than or equal to 23% relative to the total triglyceride content.
8. Huile concrète d'avocat selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est obtenue après au moins une étape de winterisation. 8. Concrete avocado oil according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is obtained after at least one winterization step.
9. Composition cosmétique ou pharmaceutique, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend dans un support cosmétiquement ou pharmaceutiquement acceptable une huile concrète d'avocat selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8. 9. Cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition, characterized in that it comprises, in a cosmetically or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, a concrete avocado oil according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. Composition cosmétique ou pharmaceutique selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend en outre un principe actif. 10. Cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition according to claim 9, characterized in that it further comprises an active principle.
11. Composition alimentaire, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend une huile concrète d'avocat selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8. 11. Food composition, characterized in that it comprises a concrete avocado oil according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
12. Procédé d'obtention d'une huile concrète d'avocat, selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il est mis en oeuvre à partir : 12. Process for obtaining a concrete avocado oil, according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it is implemented from:
- de fruits frais ou déshydratés, et qu'il comprend au moins les étapes de : broyage, extraction d'une huile brute, élimination d'une huile fluide par winterization et filtration - fresh or dehydrated fruit, and that it includes at least the stages of: grinding, extraction of a crude oil, elimination of a fluid oil by winterization and filtration
- obtention d'une matière grasse concrète, - obtaining a concrete fat,
- désodorisation. - deodorization.
13. Procédé d'obtention d'une huile concrète d'avocat, selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il est mis en oeuvre à partir : 13. Process for obtaining a concrete avocado oil, according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it is implemented from:
- d'huiles d'avocat brutes, et qu'il comprend au moins les étapes de : élimination d'une huile fluide par winterization et filtration - crude avocado oils, and that it includes at least the steps of: elimination of a fluid oil by winterization and filtration
- obtention d'une matière grasse concrète, - obtaining a concrete fat,
- désodorisation. - deodorization.
14. Procédé d'obtention d'une huile concrète d'avocat, selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il est mis en oeuvre à partir : 14. Process for obtaining a concrete avocado oil, according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it is implemented from:
- de coproduits issus du raffinage ou du décirage des huiles d'avocat brutes, et qu'il comprend au moins les étapes de : - by-products from the refining or dewaxing of crude avocado oils, and that it includes at least the steps of:
- désodorisation. - deodorization.
15. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 12 à 14, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend avant l'étape de désodorisation au moins une des étapes suivantes : 15. Method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that it comprises before the deodorization step at least one of the following steps:
Dégommage à l'eau Neutralisation chimique Neutralisation physique Décoloration Water degumming Chemical neutralization Physical neutralization Discoloration
- Cristallisation à froid et isolement de la fraction précipitée. - Cold crystallization and isolation of the precipitated fraction.
16. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 à 15, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre une étape de fractionnement par hydrolyse. 16. Method according to any one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that it further comprises a step of fractionation by hydrolysis.
EP22717404.2A 2021-03-31 2022-03-31 Avocado solid oil enriched in palmitic acid Pending EP4312575A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2103333A FR3121329A1 (en) 2021-03-31 2021-03-31 Concrete avocado oil enriched with palmitic acid
PCT/EP2022/058720 WO2022207886A1 (en) 2021-03-31 2022-03-31 Avocado solid oil enriched in palmitic acid

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EP4312575A1 true EP4312575A1 (en) 2024-02-07

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US (1) US20240156714A1 (en)
EP (1) EP4312575A1 (en)
KR (1) KR20240001698A (en)
CN (1) CN117813011A (en)
BR (1) BR112023020246A2 (en)
FR (1) FR3121329A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2022207886A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE514725C2 (en) * 1998-06-02 2001-04-09 Karlshamns Ab Fractionation Procedure
JP4187932B2 (en) * 1999-01-04 2008-11-26 ドクターエガー−オリーブ オイル プロダクツ インダストリー リミテッド Method for producing food spread and food spread produced by the method
WO2003047537A1 (en) * 2001-11-30 2003-06-12 Almell, Ltd. Antimicrobial composition comprising soy oil, rice bran oil and jojoba oil
FR2893628B1 (en) 2005-11-18 2008-05-16 Expanscience Laboratoires Sa PROCESS FOR OBTAINING REFRINED AVOCADO OIL RICH IN TRIGLYCERIDES AND OIL LIKELY OBTAINABLE BY SUCH A METHOD

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WO2022207886A1 (en) 2022-10-06
KR20240001698A (en) 2024-01-03
US20240156714A1 (en) 2024-05-16
FR3121329A1 (en) 2022-10-07
CN117813011A (en) 2024-04-02
BR112023020246A2 (en) 2023-12-19

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