EP4286149A1 - Method of manufacturing osb panels and osb panel manufacturing device - Google Patents
Method of manufacturing osb panels and osb panel manufacturing device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP4286149A1 EP4286149A1 EP22176340.2A EP22176340A EP4286149A1 EP 4286149 A1 EP4286149 A1 EP 4286149A1 EP 22176340 A EP22176340 A EP 22176340A EP 4286149 A1 EP4286149 A1 EP 4286149A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coarse
- flame retardant
- chips
- layer
- coarse chips
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 42
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011093 chipboard Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 nitrogen-containing compound Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N9/00—Arrangements for fireproofing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/02—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres from particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
- B27N3/18—Auxiliary operations, e.g. preheating, humidifying, cutting-off
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
- B27N3/24—Moulding or pressing characterised by using continuously acting presses having endless belts or chains moved within the compression zone
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B5/00—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups
- B30B5/04—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups wherein the pressing means is in the form of an endless band
- B30B5/06—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups wherein the pressing means is in the form of an endless band co-operating with another endless band
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/30—Feeding material to presses
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing OSB boards (oriented strand boards), which can also be referred to as coarse chipboards.
- the invention relates to an OSB board production device with (a) a coarse chip production device for producing coarse chips from wood, (b) a dryer for drying the coarse chips, which is connected to the coarse chip production device, (c) a distribution device for distributing the coarse chips so that a coarse chip layer is formed, and (d) a belt conveyor, which is arranged behind the dryer in the material flow direction, for conveying the coarse chip layer.
- the OSB board manufacturing device can also be called a chipboard manufacturing device.
- flame retardant it is advantageous to use as little flame retardant as possible when producing flame-retardant OSB boards, as this means considerable costs.
- flame retardant itself is expensive.
- flame retardants mean that more glue has to be used to achieve the same mechanical strength as a non-flame-retardant OSB board, which is also undesirable.
- most flame retardants are poorly soluble in water, so introducing the flame retardant into the chips also introduces large amounts of water that have to be removed in the further processing process.
- the invention is based on the object of improving the production of flame-retardant OSB boards.
- the invention solves the problem by a method for producing OSB boards with the steps (a) producing coarse chips, (b) applying a flame retardant solution to the coarse chips, (c) applying a pressure difference to the coarse chips to introduce flame retardant solution into the coarse chips , so that coarse chips containing flame retardants are created, (d) gluing the coarse chips containing flame retardants so that glued coarse chips are created, and (e) pressing the glued coarse chips so that the OSB board is created.
- the invention solves the problem by a generic OSB board manufacturing device, which has a flame retardant solution application device arranged to apply a flame retardant solution to the coarse chip layer, and a pressure difference generator for applying a pressure difference to the coarse chip layer.
- the advantage of the invention is that the consumption of flame retardants can generally be reduced compared to conventionally manufactured OSB boards. Because a pressure difference is applied to the coarse chips, the flame retardant solution is at least partially sucked into the coarse chips. This means that a crust of flame retardants is less likely to form on the coarse chips. Such a crust would be easily rubbed off during further processing, especially during mechanical transport and scattering, and would lead to a loss of flame retardant.
- flame retardant solution can be sucked and/or pressed into the coarse chips.
- - flame retardant solution which is blown off and / or sucked off from the coarse chips when the pressure difference is applied, is applied again to the coarse chips, the amount of flame retardant solution that is not introduced into an OSB board is also reduced . It is advantageous if the flame retardant solution, which is blown off and/or sucked away from the coarse chips when the pressure difference is applied, is cleaned before being applied again, for example by filtering or centrifuging. For example, any wood components are separated from the flame retardant solution.
- coarse chips are understood to mean, in particular, wood chips that are in the size range 200 ⁇ 30 cm x 20 ⁇ 4 cm x 0.5 ⁇ 0.2 cm.
- the method according to the invention is a method for producing flame-retardant OSB boards according to DIN EN 13823 (single burner item) or is flame-retardant according to DIN EN 13501-1.
- the flame retardant solution is preferably an aqueous solution.
- the flame retardant solution preferably contains at least one organic or inorganic phosphorus-containing and/or nitrogen-containing compound.
- Applying the flame retardant solution to the coarse chips is understood to mean, in particular, spraying or nozzle application.
- applying the pressure difference to the coarse chips means that a pressure difference is generated between a first side surface of the coarse chips and the opposite side surface of the coarse chips.
- the two side surfaces are separated by the height of the coarse chip, which is 0.5 ⁇ 0.2 centimeters.
- applying the pressure difference to the coarse chips means that a pressure is applied to the coarse chips, in particular to the coarse chip layer, which is different from the ambient pressure, in particular by at least 200 hPa, preferably at least 400 hPa, particularly preferably at least 600 hPa, differs.
- the pressure can be an overpressure or a negative pressure.
- the feature that the coarse chips are pressed so that the OSB board is created means in particular that at least the coarse chips are pressed.
- additional chips that are not coarse chips to be pressed with the coarse chips.
- Gluing is preferably carried out without a pressure difference applied to the coarse chips.
- the method comprises the steps (a) arranging the coarse chips on a conveyor belt so that a coarse chip layer is created, and (b) applying the flame retardant solution to the coarse chip layer.
- the coarse chips can be wetted with flame retardant solution quickly, homogeneously and safely.
- the application of the pressure difference to the coarse chips covered with flame retardant solution is to apply a negative pressure to an underside of the conveyor belt.
- the conveyor belt is gas-permeable.
- the conveyor belt is perforated or made of a gas-permeable material, for example a textile.
- the conveyor belt can be a metal belt. This metal band is preferably perforated.
- applying the pressure difference to the coarse chips wetted with flame retardant solution is applying an overpressure to one Top of the coarse chip layer. This is done, for example, by the coarse chip layer first passing through a roller, which acts as a seal, and then entering an overpressure area in which the overpressure is applied.
- the coarse chip layer lies on a gas-permeable conveyor belt, on the side facing away from the overpressure area there is a lower pressure, for example ambient pressure or negative pressure.
- the coarse chip layer leaves the overpressure area by passing a roller that acts as a seal.
- the method of producing the coarse chips includes drying the coarse chips.
- the coarse chips are dried before the flame retardant solution is applied. Drying can take place on the same conveyor belt as applying the flame retardant solution and, if necessary, applying the pressure difference, but this is not necessary.
- the coarse chips are preferably dried until they are dry. In this state, flame retardant solution is absorbed particularly easily and quickly by the dried coarse chips.
- the flame retardant-containing coarse chips are not significantly dried. This is to be understood in particular as meaning that the moisture content of the flame retardant-containing coarse chips before gluing and/or after gluing and before pressing changes in their moisture content by a maximum of five percentage points, in particular by a maximum of two percentage points.
- the coarse chip layer has a chip layer thickness which corresponds to at most four times, preferably at most three times, preferably at most twice, a coarse chip thickness of a single coarse chip system.
- the coarse chip thickness is the minimum achievable thickness of a coarse chip. This is the average height of an arrangement of coarse chips on a flat, horizontal test area of 1 m 2 , whereby for this arrangement it applies that sections of two or more coarse chips lie one above the other on a maximum of 75% of the test area and at least 90%, preferably at least 95 %, in particular 100%, of the test area is covered by coarse chips.
- the flame retardant solution When applied to the coarse chip layer, the flame retardant solution preferably has a temperature of at least 50°, preferably at least 60°, in particular of at least 70 °C.
- a high temperature typically increases the solubility of the flame retardant in the solvent, so less solvent, typically water, is necessary to dissolve a given amount of flame retardant.
- the viscosity of water decreases with increasing temperature, so that the flame retardant solution can penetrate the coarse chips more easily.
- the flame retardant solution contains a concentration of flame retardant which corresponds to at least 60%, in particular at least 70%, preferably at least 80%, particularly preferably at least 90%, of the maximum solubility of the flame retardant.
- the flame retardant solution preferably contains a viscosity reducer.
- the flame retardant solution preferably contains a surfactant. This improves the wetting of the coarse chips.
- the method has the following steps: (a) producing coarse and middle layer chips, (b) drying the coarse chips and the middle layer chips together, (c) separating coarse chips and middle layer chips, (d) applying the flame retardant solution in particular the coarse chips, preferably only on the coarse chips, (e) producing a first cover layer and a second cover layer from the flame retardant-containing coarse chips and a middle layer at least also from the middle layer chips and (f) pressing the first cover layer, second cover layer and middle layer into the OSB board.
- an OSB board is obtained that, on the one hand, is flame-retardant and, on the other hand, does not contain more flame retardants than is necessary.
- the flame retardant solution preferably has a dye.
- This dye is preferably colorless in the visible range.
- the dye can also be called a marker. It is advantageous if the dye absorbs and/or fluoresces in the UV range.
- a flame retardant distribution of the flame retardant solution and/or the flame retardant can be detected by irradiating with UV light and/or recording an image of the coarse particle layer and/or the OSB board with a camera sensitive in the UV range. Based on the flame retardant distribution, one can then use one
- a process parameter can be regulated in the form of the conveyor belt speed of the conveyor belt and/or the pressure difference and/or an area-specific application quantity of flame retardant solution. In other words, a deviation between a target flame retardant distribution and the actual measured flame retardant distribution is determined and at least one of the parameters mentioned is regulated in such a way that the deviation is minimized.
- An OSB board manufacturing device preferably has an inspection system for detecting the flame retardant distribution of flame retardants in the coarse chip layer.
- This can be the distribution of the flame retardant in the surface of the coarse chip layer, i.e. the two-dimensional distribution in the longitudinal direction and width direction of the coarse chip layer, but not in the thickness direction.
- the inspection system can be designed to detect the flame retardant distribution in the OSB board. It can then be the distribution of the flame retardant in the surface of the OSB board, i.e. the two-dimensional distribution in the longitudinal direction and width direction of the coarse chip layer and/or the distribution of the flame retardant in the thickness direction.
- the inspection system preferably has a camera for detecting UV light and/or fluorescent light that is produced when the coarse particle layer or the OSB board is irradiated with UV light.
- the inspection system preferably also has a UV light source for irradiating the coarse chip layer or the OSB board with UV light.
- the differential pressure generator preferably has a vacuum pump and at least one suction chamber, preferably at least two suction chambers, in particular a plurality of suction chambers, each of which is connected to the vacuum pump via a valve.
- the valves are preferably designed to increase their degree of valve opening as the pressure in the suction chamber decreases. In other words, the lower the pressure in the respective suction chamber, the wider the valves open.
- the suction chambers are arranged so that at least 90% of the area, preferably at least 95% of the area, particularly preferably 100% of the area of the coarse chipping system for at least a predetermined time of, for example, 1 second, in particular at least 5 seconds, by means of at least one suction chamber in each case Pressure difference, in the present case with a negative pressure, can be acted upon.
- a negative pressure is at least 300 hPa (and the pressure is therefore 713 hPa), in particular at least 500 hPa (and the pressure is therefore 513 hPa).
- FIG 1 shows schematically an OSB board manufacturing device 10 according to the invention, which has a coarse chip manufacturing device 12.
- the coarse chip producing device 12 comprises a debarker 14 for debarking wood 16, a coarse chipper 16 arranged behind the debarker 14 in the material flow direction M and a dryer 18 arranged behind it in the material flow direction M.
- the coarse chips 20.i produced in this way are scattered by a schematically drawn distribution device 21 to form a coarse chip layer 22 on a belt conveyor 24 and wetted with a flame retardant solution 28 by means of a flame retardant solution dispensing device 26. Subsequently, a pressure difference is applied to the coarse chip layer 22 by means of a pressure difference generator 30, so that the flame retardant solution 28 penetrates into the coarse chips 20.i. This creates coarse chips containing flame retardants 32.i.
- the coarse chips containing flame retardants 32.i. are glued using a gluing device 33.
- the gluing device 33 can be, for example, a mixer or a coil, i.e. a rotating drum.
- the glued coarse chips 32.i are scattered by a first spreading head 34.1 to form a first cover layer 36.1.
- a middle layer spreader 38 Using a middle layer spreader 38, a middle layer 40 is scattered onto the first cover layer 20.1.
- a second cover layer 36.2 is scattered onto the middle layer 40 by means of a second scattering head 34.2.
- the layers 36.1, 40, 36.2 are pressed into an OSB board 44 using a hot press 42.
- the middle layer spreader 38 scatters middle layer chips 46.i, which are either produced by means of a medium chip production device or separated from the coarse chips 20.i by sieving using a classifier 48 present in this case. Subsequently, the middle layer chips 46.i are glued in a second gluer 50 and subsequently conveyed to the middle layer spreader 38.
- FIG. 2 shows the distribution device 21, the flame retardant solution dispensing device 26 and the pressure difference generator 30.
- the flame retardant solution dispensing device 26 has a reservoir 50 in which the flame retardant solution 28 is contained.
- the flame retardant solution 28 can be brought to a predetermined temperature T 28 , for which, for example, 50 ° C ⁇ T 28 ⁇ 95 ° C applies.
- the flame retardant solution 28 is directed to nozzles 56.k, which are arranged next to one another transversely to the material flow direction M, and from there sprayed onto the coarse chip layer 22.
- a pressure p j of, for example, 100 hPa ⁇ p j ⁇ 800 hPa is present at the suction chambers 60.j. It is possible that the pressures in the individual suction chambers 60.j differ from one another.
- the suction chambers 60.j rest on a conveyor belt 62 of the belt conveyor 24, which has openings, for example holes. As a result, the pressure p j is applied to the coarse chip layer 22.
- the differential pressure generator 30, as in Figure 2 shown has a perforated metal band 64 which presses on the coarse chip layer 22 from above.
- pressure rollers 66.1, 66.2 are available.
- the suction chambers 60.j rest on the metal strip 64 on the side of the metal strip 64 facing away from the coarse chip layer 22.
- an introduction pressure p 22 of, for example, 100 hPa ⁇ p 22 ⁇ 800 hPa in the coarse chip layer 22.
- the differential pressure generator 30, as in Figure 2 shown has two sets of suction chambers 60.j and 60'.j, between which the coarse chip layer 22 is arranged. It is possible, but not necessary, for the second set of suction chambers 60'.j to be connected to a second pump 68.
- the second pump 68 can be a vacuum pump or a pressure pump.
- the pressure p j in the first set of suction chambers 60.j is an overpressure and the pressure p' j in the second set of suction chambers 60'.j is an overpressure.
- the pressure p j is an overpressure and the pressure p' j is a negative pressure.
- the pressure p j is a negative pressure and the pressure p' j to be a negative pressure.
- the pressure p j is a negative pressure and the pressure p' j to be an overpressure.
- An inspection system 70 which has a camera 72, can be arranged behind the pressure difference generator 30 in the material flow direction M.
- the camera 72 detects light that is emitted or not absorbed by a dye in the flame retardant solution 28. Alternatively or additionally, the camera 72 detects fluorescent light. In this way, an actual flame retardant distribution k is (x,y) is determined, which indicates a concentration k of flame retardant depending on the surface coordinates x, y.
- a control 74 compares the actual flame retardant distribution k is (x,y) with a target flame retardant distribution k should (x,y) and controls the nozzles 56.k individually in such a way that a deviation between the actual flame retardant distribution k is (x,y) and the target flame retardant distribution k is (x,y) is minimized.
- the inspection system it is possible, but not necessary, for the inspection system to have a UV light source 76 that illuminates the coarse chip layer 22 in a field of view G of the camera 72.
- the field of view G is that area of the coarse chip layer 22 that is recorded by the camera 72.
- the inspection system 70 is in Figure 1 not shown for clarity.
- Figure 1 shows that a cutting device 78 can be arranged behind the hot press 42 in the direction of material flow, which cuts the OSB board 44 into individual plate segments 80.I.
- a second inspection system 82 is arranged, the camera 84 of which records a cut surface 86 of the respective plate segment 80.I.
- a second actual flame retardant distribution k ist,2 (y,z) is determined, which also encodes the depth dependence of the concentration k of flame retardant.
- the second actual flame retardant distribution k ist,2 (y,z) encodes a depth gradient of the dye.
- the control 74 is designed to change the pressures p j in the at least one suction chamber 60.j and/or a conveyor belt speed v 62 of the conveyor belt 62, so that the second actual flame retardant distribution k is,2 (y,z) a second target value. Flame retardant distribution k shall,2 (y,z) approximates.
- OSB board manufacturing device Conveyor belt 12 Coarse chip making device 64 metal band 14 Debarker 66 pressure roller 16 Wood 68 second pump 18 dryer 70 Inspection system 20 coarse chips 72 camera 21 Distribution device 74 regulation 22 coarse chip layer 76 UV light source 24 Belt conveyor 78 cutting device 26 Flame retardant solution dispensing device 80 Plate segment 28 Flame retardant solution 82 second inspection system 84 second camera 30 Pressure difference generator 86 cutting surface 32 Coarse chips containing flame retardants i Running index 33 Gluing device j Running index 34 Scatter head k concentration 36 top layer k is (x,y) Actual flame retardant distribution 38 Middle layer spreader k should (x,y) Target flame retardant distribution 40 Middle class 42 Hot press k is,2 (y,x) second actual flame retardant distribution 44 OSB board 46 middle class chips k shall,2 (y,y) second target flame retardant distribution 48 Classifier 50 reservoir M Material flow direction 52 Heating p Pressure 54 Dosing pump 56 jet 58 Vacuum pump 60
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von OSB-Platten (44) mit den Schritten: (a) Herstellen von Grobspänen (20), (b) Aufbringen einer Flammschutzmittellösung (28) auf die Grobspäne (20), (c) Anlegen einer Druckdifferenz zum Einbringen von Flammschutzmittellösung (28) in die Grobspäne (20), sodass flammschutzmittelhaltige Grobspäne (32) entstehen, (d) danach Beleimen der flammschutzmittelhaltigen Grobspäne (32), sodass beleimte Grobspäne (20) entstehen, und (e) Verpressen der Grobspäne (20), sodass die OSB-Platte (44) entsteht.The invention relates to a method for producing OSB boards (44) with the steps: (a) producing coarse chips (20), (b) applying a flame retardant solution (28) to the coarse chips (20), (c) applying a pressure difference for introducing flame retardant solution (28) into the coarse chips (20), so that flame retardant-containing coarse chips (32) are created, (d) then gluing the flame retardant-containing coarse chips (32), so that glued coarse chips (20) are created, and (e) pressing the coarse chips ( 20) so that the OSB board (44) is created.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von OSB-Platten (oriented strand board), die auch als Grobspanplatten bezeichnet werden können. Gemäß einem zweiten Aspekt betrifft die Erfindung eine OSB-Platten-Herstellvorrichtung mit (a) einer Grobspan-Herstellvorrichtung zum Herstellen von Grobspänen aus Holz, (b) einem Trockner zum Trocknen der Grobspäne, der mit der Grobspan-Herstellvorrichtung verbunden ist, (c) einer Verteilvorrichtung zum Verteilen der Grobspäne, sodass eine Grobspanschicht entsteht, und (d) einem Bandförderer, der in Materialflussrichtung hinter dem Trockner angeordnet ist, zum Fördern der Grobspanschicht. Die OSB-Platten-Herstellvorrichtung kann auch als Grobspanplatten-Herstellvorrichtung bezeichnet werden.The invention relates to a method for producing OSB boards (oriented strand boards), which can also be referred to as coarse chipboards. According to a second aspect, the invention relates to an OSB board production device with (a) a coarse chip production device for producing coarse chips from wood, (b) a dryer for drying the coarse chips, which is connected to the coarse chip production device, (c) a distribution device for distributing the coarse chips so that a coarse chip layer is formed, and (d) a belt conveyor, which is arranged behind the dryer in the material flow direction, for conveying the coarse chip layer. The OSB board manufacturing device can also be called a chipboard manufacturing device.
Es ist günstig, bei der Herstellung von schwerentflammbaren OSB-Platten möglichst wenig Flammschutzmittel verwenden zu müssen, da dieses einen beträchtlichen Kostenaufwand bedeutet. Ein Grund dafür ist, dass Flammschutzmittel selbst teuer ist. Zudem führt Flammschutzmittel dazu, dass mehr Leim verwendet werden muss, um die gleiche mechanische Festigkeit zu erhalten, wie eine nicht schwerentflammbare OSB-Platte, was ebenfalls unerwünscht ist. Zudem sind die meisten Flammschutzmittel schlecht wasserlöslich, sodass durch das Einbringen des Flammschutzmittels in die Späne zudem große Mengen Wasser eingetragen werden, die im weiteren Verarbeitungsprozess entfernt werden müssen.It is advantageous to use as little flame retardant as possible when producing flame-retardant OSB boards, as this means considerable costs. One reason for this is that flame retardant itself is expensive. In addition, flame retardants mean that more glue has to be used to achieve the same mechanical strength as a non-flame-retardant OSB board, which is also undesirable. In addition, most flame retardants are poorly soluble in water, so introducing the flame retardant into the chips also introduces large amounts of water that have to be removed in the further processing process.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Herstellung von schwerentflammbaren OSB-Platten zu verbessern.The invention is based on the object of improving the production of flame-retardant OSB boards.
Die Erfindung löst das Problem durch ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von OSB-Platten mit den Schritten (a) Herstellen von Grobspänen, (b) Aufbringen einer Flammschutzmittellösung auf die Grobspäne, (c) Anlegen einer Druckdifferenz an die Grobspäne zum Einbringen von Flammschutzmittellösung in die Grobspäne, sodass flammschutzmittelhaltige Grobspäne entstehen, (d) Beleimen der flammschutzmittelhaltigen Grobspäne, sodass beleimte Grobspäne entstehen, und (e) Verpressen der beleimten Grobspäne, sodass die OSB-Platte entsteht.The invention solves the problem by a method for producing OSB boards with the steps (a) producing coarse chips, (b) applying a flame retardant solution to the coarse chips, (c) applying a pressure difference to the coarse chips to introduce flame retardant solution into the coarse chips , so that coarse chips containing flame retardants are created, (d) gluing the coarse chips containing flame retardants so that glued coarse chips are created, and (e) pressing the glued coarse chips so that the OSB board is created.
Gemäß einem zweiten Aspekt löst die Erfindung das Problem durch eine gattungsgemäße OSB-Platten-Herstellvorrichtung, die eine Flammschutzmittellösung-Aufbringvorrichtung, die angeordnet ist zum Aufbringen einer Flammschutzmittellösung auf die Grobspanschicht, und einen Druckdifferenzerzeuger zum Anlegen einer Druckdifferenz an die Grobspanschicht, aufweist.According to a second aspect, the invention solves the problem by a generic OSB board manufacturing device, which has a flame retardant solution application device arranged to apply a flame retardant solution to the coarse chip layer, and a pressure difference generator for applying a pressure difference to the coarse chip layer.
Vorteilhaft an der Erfindung ist, dass der Verbrauch an Flammschutzmittel in der Regel im Vergleich zu herkömmlich hergestellten OSB-Platten verringerbar ist. Dadurch, dass eine Druckdifferenz an die Grobspäne angelegt wird, wird die Flammschutzmittellösung zumindest teilweise in die Grobspäne eingesogen. Dadurch kommt es weniger zur Bildung einer Kruste aus Flammschutzmitteln auf den Grobspänen. Eine derartige Kruste würde bei der weiteren Verarbeitung, insbesondere beim mechanischen Transport und Streuen, leicht abgerieben und würde zu einem Verlust an Flammschutzmittel führen.The advantage of the invention is that the consumption of flame retardants can generally be reduced compared to conventionally manufactured OSB boards. Because a pressure difference is applied to the coarse chips, the flame retardant solution is at least partially sucked into the coarse chips. This means that a crust of flame retardants is less likely to form on the coarse chips. Such a crust would be easily rubbed off during further processing, especially during mechanical transport and scattering, and would lead to a loss of flame retardant.
Vorteilhaft ist zudem, dass durch das Anlegen der Druckdifferenz Flammschutzmittellösung in die Grobspäne eingesogen oder und/oder eingepresst werden kann. Es ist dann gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform möglich, auf den Grobspänen vorhandene Flammschutzmittellösung zu entfernen, das kann beispielsweise ein Absaugen oder Abschleudern sein. Dadurch wird weniger Wasser in die Grobspäne eingebracht als bei bekannten Verfahren. Es muss daher bei der weiteren Verarbeitung der Grobspäne weniger Wasser entfernt werden als bei bekannten OSB-Platten-Herstellverfahren.It is also advantageous that by applying the pressure difference, flame retardant solution can be sucked and/or pressed into the coarse chips. According to a preferred embodiment, it is then possible to remove the flame retardant solution present on the coarse chips, for example by suction or centrifugation. This means that less water is introduced into the coarse chips than with known processes. Therefore, less water has to be removed during further processing of the coarse chips than with known OSB board manufacturing processes.
Häufig ist zudem günstig, dass es durch das Einsaugen und/oder Einpressen der Flammschutzmittellösung in die Grobspäne zu weniger chemischen Reaktionen mit dem Leim kommt. In der Regel muss daher die Leimmenge deutlich weniger gesteigert werden, um eine Festigkeitsverlust durch das Hinzufügen des Flammschutzmittels auszugleichen.It is also often beneficial that there are fewer chemical reactions by sucking and/or pressing the flame retardant solution into the coarse chips the glue comes. As a rule, the amount of glue must therefore be increased significantly less in order to compensate for any loss of strength caused by the addition of the flame retardant.
Wenn - wie gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform vorgesehen - Flammschutzmittellösung, die beim Anlegen der Druckdifferenz von den Grobspänen abgeblasen und/oder abgesaugt wird, erneut auf die Grobspäne aufgebracht wird, vermindert sich zudem die Menge an Flammschutzlösung, die nicht in eine OSB-Platte eingebracht wird. Es ist günstig, wenn die Flammschutzmittellösung, die beim Anlegen der Druckdifferenz von den Grobspänen abgeblasen und/oder abgesaugt wird, vor dem erneuten Aufbringen gereinigt wird, beispielsweise durch Filtern oder Zentrifugieren. So werden beispielsweise etwaige Holzbestandteile aus der Flammschutzmittellösung abgetrennt.If - as provided according to a preferred embodiment - flame retardant solution, which is blown off and / or sucked off from the coarse chips when the pressure difference is applied, is applied again to the coarse chips, the amount of flame retardant solution that is not introduced into an OSB board is also reduced . It is advantageous if the flame retardant solution, which is blown off and/or sucked away from the coarse chips when the pressure difference is applied, is cleaned before being applied again, for example by filtering or centrifuging. For example, any wood components are separated from the flame retardant solution.
Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Beschreibung werden unter Grobspänen insbesondere Holzspäne verstanden, die im Größenintervall 200±30 cm x 20±4 cm x 0,5±0,2 cm liegen.In the context of the present description, coarse chips are understood to mean, in particular, wood chips that are in the size range 200 ± 30 cm x 20 ± 4 cm x 0.5 ± 0.2 cm.
Insbesondere handelt es sich bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren um ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von schwerentflammbaren OSB-Platten nach DIN EN 13823 (single burner item) oder ist schwer entflammbar nach DIN EN 13501-1.In particular, the method according to the invention is a method for producing flame-retardant OSB boards according to DIN EN 13823 (single burner item) or is flame-retardant according to DIN EN 13501-1.
Bei der Flammschutzmittellösung handelt es sich vorzugsweise um eine wässrige Lösung. Die Flammschutzmittellösung enthält vorzugsweise zumindest eine organische oder anorganische phosphorhaltige und/oder stickstoffhaltige Verbindung.The flame retardant solution is preferably an aqueous solution. The flame retardant solution preferably contains at least one organic or inorganic phosphorus-containing and/or nitrogen-containing compound.
Unter dem Aufbringen der Flammschutzmittellösung auf die Grobspäne wird insbesondere ein Aufsprühen oder Aufdüsen verstanden.Applying the flame retardant solution to the coarse chips is understood to mean, in particular, spraying or nozzle application.
Unter dem Anlegen der Druckdifferenz an die Grobspäne wird gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform verstanden, dass eine Druckdifferenz zwischen einer ersten Seitenfläche der Grobspäne und der gegenüberliegenden Seitenfläche der Grobspäne erzeugt wird. Die beiden Seitenflächen sind um die Höhe des Grobspans voneinander entfernt, die 0,5 ± 0,2 Zentimeter beträgt.According to a first embodiment, applying the pressure difference to the coarse chips means that a pressure difference is generated between a first side surface of the coarse chips and the opposite side surface of the coarse chips. The two side surfaces are separated by the height of the coarse chip, which is 0.5 ± 0.2 centimeters.
Unter dem Anlegen der Druckdifferenz an die Grobspäne wird gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform verstanden, dass an die Grobspäne, insbesondere an die Grobspanschicht, ein Druck angelegt wird, der sich vom Umgebungsdruck, insbesondere um zumindest 200 hPa, vorzugsweise zumindest 400 hPa, besonders bevorzugt zumindest 600 hPa, unterscheidet. Es kann sich bei dem Druck um einen Überdruck oder einen Unterdruck handeln.According to a second embodiment, applying the pressure difference to the coarse chips means that a pressure is applied to the coarse chips, in particular to the coarse chip layer, which is different from the ambient pressure, in particular by at least 200 hPa, preferably at least 400 hPa, particularly preferably at least 600 hPa, differs. The pressure can be an overpressure or a negative pressure.
Unter dem Merkmal, dass die Grobspäne verpresst werden, sodass die OSB-Platte entsteht, wird insbesondere verstanden, dass zumindest die Grobspäne verpresst werden. Insbesondere ist es möglich, dass zudem weitere Späne, die keine Grobspäne sind, mit den Grobspänen verpresst werden. Zudem ist es möglich und stellt eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform dar, dass aus den Grobspänen eine erste Deckschicht und eine zweite Deckschicht gestreut werden und mit einer Mittelschicht, die zwischen den beiden Deckschichten angeordnet ist, zur OSB-Platte verpresst werden.The feature that the coarse chips are pressed so that the OSB board is created means in particular that at least the coarse chips are pressed. In particular, it is possible for additional chips that are not coarse chips to be pressed with the coarse chips. In addition, it is possible and represents a preferred embodiment for a first cover layer and a second cover layer to be scattered from the coarse chips and pressed into the OSB board with a middle layer which is arranged between the two cover layers.
Das Beleimen erfolgt vorzugsweise ohne an den Grobspänen anliegende Druckdifferenz.Gluing is preferably carried out without a pressure difference applied to the coarse chips.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform umfasst das Verfahren die Schritte (a) Anordnen der Grobspäne auf einem Transportband, sodass eine Grobspanschicht entsteht, und (b) Aufbringen der Flammschutzmittellösung auf die Grobspanschicht. Auf diese Weise können die Grobspäne schnell, homogen und Prozess sicher mit Flammschutzmittellösung benetzt werden.According to a preferred embodiment, the method comprises the steps (a) arranging the coarse chips on a conveyor belt so that a coarse chip layer is created, and (b) applying the flame retardant solution to the coarse chip layer. In this way, the coarse chips can be wetted with flame retardant solution quickly, homogeneously and safely.
Vorzugsweise ist das Anlegen der Druckdifferenz an die mit Flammschutzmittellösung besetzten Grobspäne ein Anlegen eines Unterdrucks an eine Unterseite des Transportbands. Das Transportband ist dazu gasdurchlässig. Beispielsweise ist das Transportband perforiert oder aus einem gasdurchlässigen Material aufgebaut, beispielsweise einem Textil. Alternativ kann das Transportband ein Metallband sein. Dieses Metallband ist vorzugsweise perforiert.Preferably, the application of the pressure difference to the coarse chips covered with flame retardant solution is to apply a negative pressure to an underside of the conveyor belt. The conveyor belt is gas-permeable. For example, the conveyor belt is perforated or made of a gas-permeable material, for example a textile. Alternatively, the conveyor belt can be a metal belt. This metal band is preferably perforated.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich ist das Anlegen der Druckdifferenz an die mit Flammschutzmittellösung benetzten Grobspäne ein Anlegen eines Überdrucks an eine Oberseite der Grobspanschicht. Das erfolgt beispielsweise dadurch, dass die Grobspanschicht zunächst eine Walze passiert, die als Abdichtung fungiert, und dann in einen Überdruckbereich eintritt, in dem der Überdruck anliegt. Die Grobspanschicht liegt auf einem gasdurchlässigen Förderband, auf dessen dem Überdruckbereich abgewandte Seite ein geringerer Druck, beispielsweise Umgebungsdruck oder Unterdruck, anliegt. Die Grobspanschicht verlässt den Überdruckbereich, indem sie eine Walze passiert, die als Dichtung wirkt.Alternatively or additionally, applying the pressure difference to the coarse chips wetted with flame retardant solution is applying an overpressure to one Top of the coarse chip layer. This is done, for example, by the coarse chip layer first passing through a roller, which acts as a seal, and then entering an overpressure area in which the overpressure is applied. The coarse chip layer lies on a gas-permeable conveyor belt, on the side facing away from the overpressure area there is a lower pressure, for example ambient pressure or negative pressure. The coarse chip layer leaves the overpressure area by passing a roller that acts as a seal.
Vorzugsweise umfasst das Verfahren des Herstellens der Grobspäne ein Trocknen der Grobspäne. In anderen Worten werden die Grobspäne vor dem Aufbringen der Flammschutzmittellösung getrocknet. Das Trocknen kann auf dem gleichen Transportband erfolgen wie das Aufbringen der Flammschutzmittellösung und gegebenenfalls das Anlegen der Druckdifferenz, das ist aber nicht notwendig. Vorzugsweise werden die Grobspäne getrocknet, bis sie darrtrocken sind. In diesem Zustand wird besonders leicht und schnell Flammschutzmittellösung von den getrockneten Grobspänen aufgenommen. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform werden die flammschutzmittelhaltigen Grobspäne nicht wesentlich getrocknet. Hierunter ist insbesondere zu verstehen, dass die flammschutzmittelhaltigen Grobspäne vor dem Beleimen und/oder nach dem Beleimen und vor dem Verpressen sich in ihrem Feuchtegehalt um höchstens fünf Prozentpunkte, insbesondere um höchstens zwei Prozentpunkte, ändert.Preferably, the method of producing the coarse chips includes drying the coarse chips. In other words, the coarse chips are dried before the flame retardant solution is applied. Drying can take place on the same conveyor belt as applying the flame retardant solution and, if necessary, applying the pressure difference, but this is not necessary. The coarse chips are preferably dried until they are dry. In this state, flame retardant solution is absorbed particularly easily and quickly by the dried coarse chips. According to a preferred embodiment, the flame retardant-containing coarse chips are not significantly dried. This is to be understood in particular as meaning that the moisture content of the flame retardant-containing coarse chips before gluing and/or after gluing and before pressing changes in their moisture content by a maximum of five percentage points, in particular by a maximum of two percentage points.
Vorzugsweise hat die Grobspanschicht eine Spanschichtdicke, die höchstens dem vierfachen, vorzugsweise höchstens dem dreifachen, bevorzugt höchstens dem Doppelten, einer Grobspanlagendicke einer einzelnen Grobspanlage entspricht. Die Grobspanlagendicke ist die minimal erreichbare Dicke einer Grobspanlage. Diese ist die mittlere Höhe einer Anordnung von Grobspänen auf einer ebenen, horizontal verlaufenden Testfläche von 1 m2, wobei für diese Anordnung gilt, dass auf höchstens 75 % der Testfläche Abschnitte von zwei oder mehr Grobspänen übereinanderliegen und wobei zumindest 90%, vorzugsweise zumindest 95%, insbesondere 100%, der Testfläche von Grobspänen bedeckt sind.Preferably, the coarse chip layer has a chip layer thickness which corresponds to at most four times, preferably at most three times, preferably at most twice, a coarse chip thickness of a single coarse chip system. The coarse chip thickness is the minimum achievable thickness of a coarse chip. This is the average height of an arrangement of coarse chips on a flat, horizontal test area of 1 m 2 , whereby for this arrangement it applies that sections of two or more coarse chips lie one above the other on a maximum of 75% of the test area and at least 90%, preferably at least 95 %, in particular 100%, of the test area is covered by coarse chips.
Vorzugsweise hat die Flammschutzmittellösung beim Aufbringen auf die Grobspanschicht eine Temperatur von zumindest 50°, vorzugsweise von zumindest 60°, insbesondere von zumindest 70 °C. Eine hohe Temperatur erhöht in der Regel die Löslichkeit des Flammschutzmittels in dem Lösungsmittel, sodass weniger Lösungsmittel, in der Regel Wasser, notwendig ist, um eine vorgegebene Menge an Flammschutzmittel zu lösen. Zudem sinkt die Viskosität von Wasser mit zunehmender Temperatur, sodass die Flammschutzmittellösung leichter in die Grobspäne eindringen kann.When applied to the coarse chip layer, the flame retardant solution preferably has a temperature of at least 50°, preferably at least 60°, in particular of at least 70 °C. A high temperature typically increases the solubility of the flame retardant in the solvent, so less solvent, typically water, is necessary to dissolve a given amount of flame retardant. In addition, the viscosity of water decreases with increasing temperature, so that the flame retardant solution can penetrate the coarse chips more easily.
Günstig ist es, wenn die Flammschutzmittellösung eine Konzentration an Flammschutzmittel enthält, die zumindest 60 %, insbesondere zumindest 70 %, vorzugsweise zumindest 80 %, besonders bevorzugt zumindest 90 %, der maximalen Löslichkeit des Flammschutzmittels entspricht.It is advantageous if the flame retardant solution contains a concentration of flame retardant which corresponds to at least 60%, in particular at least 70%, preferably at least 80%, particularly preferably at least 90%, of the maximum solubility of the flame retardant.
Vorzugsweise enthält die Flammschutzmittellösung einen Viskositätssenker. Alternativ oder zusätzlich enthält die Flammschutzmittellösung vorzugsweise ein Tensid. Das Verbessert die Benetzung der Grobspäne.The flame retardant solution preferably contains a viscosity reducer. Alternatively or additionally, the flame retardant solution preferably contains a surfactant. This improves the wetting of the coarse chips.
Günstig ist es, wenn das Verfahren die folgenden Schritte aufweist: (a) Herstellen von Grob-und Mittelschichtspänen, (b) gemeinsames Trocknen der Grobspäne und der Mittelschichtspäne, (c) Trennen von Grobspänen und Mittelschichtspänen, (d) Aufbringen der Flammschutzmittellösung insbesondere auf die Grobspäne, vorzugsweise nur auf die Grobspäne, (e) Herstellen einer ersten Deckschicht und einer zweiten Deckschicht aus den flammschutzmittelhaltigen Grobspänen und einer Mittelschicht zumindest auch aus den Mittelschichtspänen und (f) Verpressen von erster Deckschicht, zweiter Deckschicht und Mittelschicht zur OSB-Platte. Auf diese Weise wird eine OSB-Platte erhalten, die einerseits schwerentflammbar ist und andererseits nicht mehr Flammschutzmittel enthält als notwendig ist.It is advantageous if the method has the following steps: (a) producing coarse and middle layer chips, (b) drying the coarse chips and the middle layer chips together, (c) separating coarse chips and middle layer chips, (d) applying the flame retardant solution in particular the coarse chips, preferably only on the coarse chips, (e) producing a first cover layer and a second cover layer from the flame retardant-containing coarse chips and a middle layer at least also from the middle layer chips and (f) pressing the first cover layer, second cover layer and middle layer into the OSB board. In this way, an OSB board is obtained that, on the one hand, is flame-retardant and, on the other hand, does not contain more flame retardants than is necessary.
Vorzugsweise weist die Flammschutzmittellösung einen Farbstoff auf. Dieser Farbstoff ist vorzugsweise im sichtbaren Bereich farblos. In diesem Fall kann der Farbstoff auch als Marker bezeichnet werden. Günstig ist es, wenn der Farbstoff im UV-Bereich absorbiert und/oder fluoresziert. In diesem Fall kann durch Bestrahlen mit UV-Licht und/oder Aufnehmen eines Bildes der Grobspanschicht und/oder der OSB-Platte mit einer im UV-Bereich empfindlichen Kamera eine Flammschutzmittelverteilung der Flammschutzmittellösung und/oder des Flammschutzmittels erfasst werden. Anhand der Flammschutzmittelverteilung kann dann gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ein Prozessparameter in Form der Transportbandgeschwindigkeit des Transportbands und oder der Druckdifferenz und/oder einer flächenspezifischen Ausbringmenge an Flammschutzmittellösung geregelt werden. In anderen Worten wird eine Abweichung zwischen einer Soll-Flammschutzmittelverteilung und der jeweils gemessenen Ist-Flammschutzmittelverteilung ermittelt und zumindest einer der genannten Parameter so geregelt werden, dass die Abweichung minimiert wird.The flame retardant solution preferably has a dye. This dye is preferably colorless in the visible range. In this case, the dye can also be called a marker. It is advantageous if the dye absorbs and/or fluoresces in the UV range. In this case, a flame retardant distribution of the flame retardant solution and/or the flame retardant can be detected by irradiating with UV light and/or recording an image of the coarse particle layer and/or the OSB board with a camera sensitive in the UV range. Based on the flame retardant distribution, one can then use one In a preferred embodiment, a process parameter can be regulated in the form of the conveyor belt speed of the conveyor belt and/or the pressure difference and/or an area-specific application quantity of flame retardant solution. In other words, a deviation between a target flame retardant distribution and the actual measured flame retardant distribution is determined and at least one of the parameters mentioned is regulated in such a way that the deviation is minimized.
Eine erfindungsgemäße OSB-Platten-Herstellvorrichtung besitzt vorzugsweise ein Inspektionssystem zum Erfassen der Flammschutzmittelverteilung an Flammschutzmittel in der Grobspanschicht. Es kann sich hierbei um die Verteilung des Flammschutzmittels in der Fläche der Grobspanschicht handeln, also um die zweidimensionale Verteilung in Längsrichtung und Breitenrichtung der Grobspanschicht, nicht aber in Dickenrichtung.An OSB board manufacturing device according to the invention preferably has an inspection system for detecting the flame retardant distribution of flame retardants in the coarse chip layer. This can be the distribution of the flame retardant in the surface of the coarse chip layer, i.e. the two-dimensional distribution in the longitudinal direction and width direction of the coarse chip layer, but not in the thickness direction.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann das Inspektionssystem ausgebildet sein zum Erfassen der Flammschutzmittelverteilung in der OSB-Platte. Es kann sich dann um die Verteilung des Flammschutzmittels in der Fläche der OSB-Platte handeln, also um die zweidimensionale Verteilung in Längsrichtung und Breitenrichtung der Grobspanschicht und/oder der Verteilung des Flammschutzmittels in Dickenrichtung.Alternatively or additionally, the inspection system can be designed to detect the flame retardant distribution in the OSB board. It can then be the distribution of the flame retardant in the surface of the OSB board, i.e. the two-dimensional distribution in the longitudinal direction and width direction of the coarse chip layer and/or the distribution of the flame retardant in the thickness direction.
Das Inspektionssystem besitzt vorzugsweise eine Kamera zum Erfassen von UV-Licht und/oder Fluoreszenzlicht, das beim Bestrahlen der Grobspanschicht bzw. der OSB-Platte mit UV-Licht entsteht. Vorzugsweise besitzt das Inspektionssystem zudem eine UV-Lichtquelle zum Bestrahlen der Grobspanschicht bzw. der OSB-Platte mit UV-Licht.The inspection system preferably has a camera for detecting UV light and/or fluorescent light that is produced when the coarse particle layer or the OSB board is irradiated with UV light. The inspection system preferably also has a UV light source for irradiating the coarse chip layer or the OSB board with UV light.
Vorzugsweise besitzt der Differenzdruckerzeuger eine Unterdruckpumpe und zumindest eine Saugkammer, vorzugsweise zumindest zwei Saugkammern, insbesondere eine Mehrzahl an Saugkammern, die jeweils über ein Ventil mit der Unterdruckpumpe verbunden sind. Die Ventile sind vorzugsweise ausgebildet zum Vergrößern ihres Ventilöffnungsgrads bei abnehmendem Druck in der Saugkammer. In anderen Worten öffnen die Ventile umso weiter, je kleiner der Druck in der jeweiligen Saugkammer ist.The differential pressure generator preferably has a vacuum pump and at least one suction chamber, preferably at least two suction chambers, in particular a plurality of suction chambers, each of which is connected to the vacuum pump via a valve. The valves are preferably designed to increase their degree of valve opening as the pressure in the suction chamber decreases. In other words, the lower the pressure in the respective suction chamber, the wider the valves open.
Die Saugkammern sind so angeordnet, dass zumindest 90 % der Fläche, vorzugsweise zumindest 95% der Fläche, besonders bevorzugt 100% der Fläche der Grobspanlage für zumindest eine vorgegebene Zeit von beispielsweise 1 Sekunde, insbesondere zumindest 5 Sekunden, mittels zumindest jeweils einer Saugkammer mit der Druckdifferenz, im vorliegenden Fall mit einem Unterdruck, beaufschlagbar ist.The suction chambers are arranged so that at least 90% of the area, preferably at least 95% of the area, particularly preferably 100% of the area of the coarse chipping system for at least a predetermined time of, for example, 1 second, in particular at least 5 seconds, by means of at least one suction chamber in each case Pressure difference, in the present case with a negative pressure, can be acted upon.
Vorzugsweise beträgt ein Unterdruck zumindest 300 hPa (und der Druck somit und 713 hPa), insbesondere zumindest 500 hPa (und der Druck somit und 513 hPa).Preferably, a negative pressure is at least 300 hPa (and the pressure is therefore 713 hPa), in particular at least 500 hPa (and the pressure is therefore 513 hPa).
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt
- Figur 1
- eine schematische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen OSB-Platten-Herstellvorrichtung zum Durchführen eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens und
- Figur 2
- eine schematische Detailansicht der OSB-Platten-Herstellvorrichtung gemäß
Figur 1 .
- Figure 1
- a schematic view of an OSB board manufacturing device according to the invention for carrying out a method according to the invention and
- Figure 2
- a schematic detailed view of the OSB board manufacturing device according to
Figure 1 .
Die so erzeugten Grobspäne 20.i werden von einer schematisch eingezeichneten Verteilvorrichtung 21 zu einer Grobspanschicht 22 auf einen Bandförderer 24 gestreut und mittels einer Flammschutzmittellösung-Ausbringvorrichtung 26 mit einer Flammschutzmittellösung 28 benetzt. Nachfolgend wird mittels eines Druckdifferenzerzeugers 30 eine Druckdifferenz an die Grobspanschicht 22 angelegt, sodass die Flammschutzmittellösung 28 in die Grobspäne 20.i eindringt. So entstehen flammschutzmittelhaltigen Grobspäne 32.i.The coarse chips 20.i produced in this way are scattered by a schematically drawn
Die flammschutzmittelhaltigen Grobspäne 32.i. werden mittels einer Beleimvorrichtung 33 beleimt. Die Beleimvorrichtung 33 kann beispielsweise ein Mischer oder ein Coil, also eine rotierende Trommel, sein.The coarse chips containing flame retardants 32.i. are glued using a
Die beleimten Grobspäne 32.i werden von einem ersten Streukopf 34.1 zu einer ersten Deckschicht 36.1 gestreut. Mittels eines Mittelschichtstreuers 38 wird eine Mittelschicht 40 auf die erste Deckschicht 20.1 gestreut. Auf die Mittelschicht 40 wird mittels eines zweiten Streukopfs 34.2 eine zweite Deckschicht 36.2 gestreut. Mittels einer Heißpresse 42 werden die Schichten 36.1, 40, 36.2 zu einer OSB-Platte 44 verpresst.The glued coarse chips 32.i are scattered by a first spreading head 34.1 to form a first cover layer 36.1. Using a
Der Mittelschichtstreuer 38 streut Mittelschichtspäne 46.i, die entweder mittels einer Mittelspan-Herstellvorrichtung hergestellt werden oder durch Sieben mittels einem in diesem Fall vorhandenen Klassierer 48 von den Grobspänen 20.i getrennt. Nachfolgend werden die Mittelschichtspäne 46.i in einem zweiten Beleimer 50 beleimt und nachfolgend zum Mittelschichtstreuers 38 gefördert.The
Der Druckdifferenzerzeuger 30 besitzt eine Unterdruckpumpe 58, die mit einer Mehrzahl an Saugkammer 60.j (j = 1, 2, ...) verbunden ist. Beim Betrieb der Unterdruckpumpe 58 liegt daher an den Saugkammern 60.j ein Druck pj von beispielsweise 100 hPa ≤ pj ≤ 800 hPa an. Es ist dabei möglich, dass sich die Drücke in den einzelnen Saugkammern 60.j voneinander unterscheiden.The
Die Saugkammern 60.j liegen an einem Transportband 62 des Bandförderer 24 an, das Öffnungen, beispielsweise Löcher, aufweist. Dadurch liegt der Druck pj an der Grobspanschicht 22 an.The suction chambers 60.j rest on a
Es ist möglich, nicht aber notwendig, dass der Differenzdruckerzeuger 30, wie in
Es ist zudem möglich, nicht aber notwendig, dass der Differenzdruckerzeuger 30, wie in
Es ist möglich, dass der Druck pj im ersten Satz an Saugkammern 60.j ein Überdruck ist und der Druck p'j im zweiten Satz an Saugkammern 60'.j ein Überdruck.It is possible that the pressure p j in the first set of suction chambers 60.j is an overpressure and the pressure p' j in the second set of suction chambers 60'.j is an overpressure.
Alternativ ist möglich, dass der Druck pj ein Überdruck ist und der Druck p'j ein Unterdruck.Alternatively, it is possible that the pressure p j is an overpressure and the pressure p' j is a negative pressure.
Wiederum alternativ ist möglich, dass der Druck pj ein Unterdruck ist und der Druck p'j ein Unterdruck.Alternatively, it is again possible for the pressure p j to be a negative pressure and the pressure p' j to be a negative pressure.
Wiederum alternativ ist möglich, dass der Druck pj ein Unterdruck ist und der Druck p'j ein Überdruck.Alternatively, it is again possible for the pressure p j to be a negative pressure and the pressure p' j to be an overpressure.
In Materialflussrichtung M hinter dem Druckdifferenzerzeuger 30 kann ein Inspektionssystem 70 angeordnet sein, das eine Kamera 72 aufweist. Mit der Kamera 72 wird Licht erfasst, das von einem Farbstoff in der Flammschutzmittellösung 28 emittiert oder nicht absorbiert wird. Alternativ oder zusätzlich wird mit der Kamera 72 Fluoreszenzlicht erfasst. Auf diese Weise wird eine Ist-Flammschutzmittelverteilung kist(x,y) ermittelt, die eine Konzentration k an Flammschutzmittel in Abhängigkeit von den Flächenkoordinaten x, y angibt. Eine Regelung 74 vergleicht die Ist-Flammschutzmittelverteilung kist(x,y) mit einer Soll-Flammschutzmittelverteilung ksoll(x,y) und steuert die Düsen 56.k individuell so an, dass eine Abweichung zwischen Ist-Flammschutzmittelverteilung kist(x,y) und Soll-Flammschutzmittelverteilung ksoll(x,y) minimiert wird.An
Es ist möglich, nicht aber notwendig, dass das Inspektionssystem eine UV-Lichtquelle 76 aufweist, die die Grobspanschicht 22 in einem Gesichtsfeld G der Kamera 72 beleuchtet. Das Gesichtsfeld G ist derjenige Bereich der Grobspanschicht 22, die mittels der Kamera 72 aufgenommen wird. Das Inspektionssystem 70 ist in
Die Regelung 74 ist ausgebildet zum Verändern der Drücke pj in der zumindest einen Saugkammer 60.j und/oder einer Transportbandgeschwindigkeit v62 des Transportbands 62, sodass sich die zweite Ist-Flammschutzmittelverteilung kist,2(y,z) einer zweiten Soll-Flammschutzmittelverteilung ksoll,2(y,z) annähert.
Claims (13)
eine Regelung (74), die ausgebildet ist zum automatischen Regeln einer Transportbandgeschwindigkeit, der Druckdifferenz und/oder einer flächenspezifischen Ausbringmenge an Flammschutzmittellösung (28) anhand der Flammschutzmittelverteilung.OSB board manufacturing device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized by
a control system (74) which is designed to automatically regulate a conveyor belt speed, the pressure difference and/or an area-specific application quantity of flame retardant solution (28) based on the flame retardant distribution.
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES22176340T ES2983542T3 (en) | 2022-05-31 | 2022-05-31 | OSB board manufacturing process and OSB board manufacturing device |
PL22176340.2T PL4286149T3 (en) | 2022-05-31 | 2022-05-31 | Method of manufacturing osb panels and osb panel manufacturing device |
EP22176340.2A EP4286149B1 (en) | 2022-05-31 | 2022-05-31 | Method of manufacturing osb panels and osb panel manufacturing device |
PCT/EP2023/063944 WO2023232598A1 (en) | 2022-05-31 | 2023-05-24 | Method for producing oriented strand boards, and oriented strand board production device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP22176340.2A EP4286149B1 (en) | 2022-05-31 | 2022-05-31 | Method of manufacturing osb panels and osb panel manufacturing device |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP4286149A1 true EP4286149A1 (en) | 2023-12-06 |
EP4286149C0 EP4286149C0 (en) | 2024-05-01 |
EP4286149B1 EP4286149B1 (en) | 2024-05-01 |
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EP22176340.2A Active EP4286149B1 (en) | 2022-05-31 | 2022-05-31 | Method of manufacturing osb panels and osb panel manufacturing device |
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EP (1) | EP4286149B1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2983542T3 (en) |
PL (1) | PL4286149T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2023232598A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6146766A (en) * | 1998-03-20 | 2000-11-14 | Slimak; Karen Marie | Enhancing the strength, moisture resistance, and fire-resistance of wood, timber, lumber, similar plant-derived construction and building materials, and other cellulosic materials |
US20030059638A1 (en) * | 2001-09-21 | 2003-03-27 | Ray James N. | Fire retardant cellulose preservative treatment process |
WO2003099533A1 (en) * | 2002-05-24 | 2003-12-04 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Method for the production of osb plates |
EP2241426A1 (en) * | 2009-04-17 | 2010-10-20 | Flooring Technologies Ltd. | Method of producing a fibreboard |
-
2022
- 2022-05-31 ES ES22176340T patent/ES2983542T3/en active Active
- 2022-05-31 EP EP22176340.2A patent/EP4286149B1/en active Active
- 2022-05-31 PL PL22176340.2T patent/PL4286149T3/en unknown
-
2023
- 2023-05-24 WO PCT/EP2023/063944 patent/WO2023232598A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6146766A (en) * | 1998-03-20 | 2000-11-14 | Slimak; Karen Marie | Enhancing the strength, moisture resistance, and fire-resistance of wood, timber, lumber, similar plant-derived construction and building materials, and other cellulosic materials |
US20030059638A1 (en) * | 2001-09-21 | 2003-03-27 | Ray James N. | Fire retardant cellulose preservative treatment process |
WO2003099533A1 (en) * | 2002-05-24 | 2003-12-04 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Method for the production of osb plates |
EP2241426A1 (en) * | 2009-04-17 | 2010-10-20 | Flooring Technologies Ltd. | Method of producing a fibreboard |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP4286149C0 (en) | 2024-05-01 |
WO2023232598A1 (en) | 2023-12-07 |
PL4286149T3 (en) | 2024-08-26 |
ES2983542T3 (en) | 2024-10-23 |
EP4286149B1 (en) | 2024-05-01 |
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