EP4248507A1 - Bauteil für eine elektrochemische zelle, sowie redox-flow-zelle, brennstoffzelle und elektrolyseur - Google Patents
Bauteil für eine elektrochemische zelle, sowie redox-flow-zelle, brennstoffzelle und elektrolyseurInfo
- Publication number
- EP4248507A1 EP4248507A1 EP21811249.8A EP21811249A EP4248507A1 EP 4248507 A1 EP4248507 A1 EP 4248507A1 EP 21811249 A EP21811249 A EP 21811249A EP 4248507 A1 EP4248507 A1 EP 4248507A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tin
- alloy
- component
- redox flow
- cell
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8647—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells consisting of more than one material, e.g. consisting of composites
- H01M4/8657—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells consisting of more than one material, e.g. consisting of composites layered
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/02—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
- C25B11/03—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
- C25B11/031—Porous electrodes
- C25B11/032—Gas diffusion electrodes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/018—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of a noble metal or a noble metal alloy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C13/00—Alloys based on tin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C28/00—Alloys based on a metal not provided for in groups C22C5/00 - C22C27/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
- C22C30/02—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
- C22C30/04—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing tin or lead
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
- C22C5/04—Alloys based on a platinum group metal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/02—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
- C25B11/036—Bipolar electrodes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/052—Electrodes comprising one or more electrocatalytic coatings on a substrate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
- C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/387—Tin or alloys based on tin
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8605—Porous electrodes
- H01M4/8621—Porous electrodes containing only metallic or ceramic material, e.g. made by sintering or sputtering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8605—Porous electrodes
- H01M4/8626—Porous electrodes characterised by the form
- H01M4/8631—Bipolar electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
- H01M4/921—Alloys or mixtures with metallic elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0206—Metals or alloys
- H01M8/0208—Alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0223—Composites
- H01M8/0228—Composites in the form of layered or coated products
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/18—Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/18—Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
- H01M8/184—Regeneration by electrochemical means
- H01M8/188—Regeneration by electrochemical means by recharging of redox couples containing fluids; Redox flow type batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M2004/8678—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/8694—Bipolar electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- Component for an electrochemical cell as well as a redox flow cell, fuel cell and electrolyser
- the invention relates to a component for an electrochemical cell, the component being in the form of an electrode for a redox flow cell or in the form of a bipolar plate for a fuel cell or an electrolyzer or in the form of a fluid diffusion layer for an electrolyzer.
- the component comprises a substrate formed from a material in the form of a metal sheet and/or an expanded metal mesh.
- the invention further relates to a redox flow cell, a fuel cell and an electrolyzer.
- the redox flow battery is a storage device for electrical energy, with the electrical energy being stored in liquid chemical compounds or electrolytes, a so-called anolyte and a so-called catholyte.
- the electrolytes are located in two reaction chambers that are separated from each other by an ion exchange membrane. An exchange of ions between anolyte and catholyte takes place via this membrane, whereby electrical energy is released. The electrical energy that is released is tapped off via an electrode that is in contact with the anolyte and the catholyte.
- the electrolytes are each circulated in the reaction chambers by means of pumps and flow along the respective facing surface of the membrane. Since the electrolytes can be stored in tanks of any size, the amount of energy stored in the redox flow battery only depends on the size of the tanks used.
- WO 2018/145720 A1 describes an electrode unit and a redox flow battery in which this electrode unit is used. Among other things, it is described that the substrate of the electrode unit is made of a composite material.
- WO 2018/146342 A1 discloses various lignin-based electrolyte compositions for use in redox flow batteries.
- plate-shaped composites made of plastic and graphite are often used as corrosion-resistant substrates for electrodes of redox flow batteries due to the use of strongly basic or acidic electrolytes. These substrates usually have a carbon coating applied to both sides, or there is a carbon felt between the membrane and the electrode that can be flowed through. A total plate thickness of the electrode in the range of about 0.7-1.2 mm is usual.
- Such electrodes are often held in an electrically insulating plastic frame, which entails additional expense for the frame and the assembly process. The size and the production requirements of such electrodes currently stand in the way of a space-saving and, in particular, compact geometry of redox flow cells and their rational industrial production.
- the object of the invention is to provide a component in the form of an electrode for a redox flow cell or in the form of a bipolar plate for a fuel cell or an electrolyser or in the form of a fluid diffusion layer for an electrolyser that can be produced inexpensively. Furthermore, it is the object of the invention to provide a redox flow cell, a fuel cell and an electrolyzer with at least one such component.
- the component comprising a substrate, which is formed from a material in the form of a metal sheet and/or an expanded metal grid, in that the material consists of a tin-nickel alloy or a tin-silver alloy or a tin Zinc alloy or a tin-bismuth alloy or a tin-antimony alloy is formed.
- ppm-level impurities in the tin-nickel alloy, or the tin-silver alloy, or the tin-zinc alloy, or the tin-bismuth alloy, or the tin-antimony alloy may be unavoidable ppm-level impurities in the tin-nickel alloy, or the tin-silver alloy, or the tin-zinc alloy, or the tin-bismuth alloy, or the tin-antimony alloy. It is possible to add at least one other metal with a total content of all other metals of no more than 1% by weight.
- a component according to the invention in the form of the electrode is electrochemically stable with its active material, in particular in neutral and strongly alkaline conditions, compared to an electrolyte of a redox flow cell. It shows low overvoltages compared to the required reactions in the electrolyte (so-called catalytic activity) and lowest interfacial resistances comparable to those of gold coatings.
- the component in the form of the electrode can also be produced inexpensively with just a few production steps.
- a bipolar plate or a fluid diffusion layer it is advantageous to increase the thickness as the surface area increases in order to ensure mechanical stability.
- sheet metal and expanded metal grids from a thickness of 0.1 mm can be used for such components. However, it has proven useful if the sheet metal and the expanded metal grid are each designed with a maximum thickness of 5 mm.
- the sheet metal and/or the expanded metal grid has a three-dimensional profile at least in regions. This increases the later available contact surface of the metal sheet or expanded metal grid to a fluid flowing past.
- the substrate may comprise just metal sheet, just expanded metal mesh (optionally in combination with an electrically conductive non-fluid penetrable backing plate, e.g. of nickel or graphite composite), or a combination of metal sheet and expanded metal mesh.
- the expanded metal grid is arranged facing the fluid, wherein there is preferably only clamping between the metal sheet and the expanded metal grid.
- the expanded metal grid can also be attached to the metal sheet via individual spot welds or glued or soldered to the metal sheet in places.
- the substrate preferably has a three-dimensional profile on one side or preferably on both sides, at least in regions, with the formation of a flow field.
- a flow field can be introduced into a substrate in a cost-effective manner by embossing or the like.
- Such a flow field directs the flow of a fluid in defined paths and is equivalent to a three-dimensional structure in the area of the surface of the substrate. It ensures a homogeneous distribution and flow of the fluid on and along a membrane.
- the component preferably further comprises a coating which is applied to the substrate, the coating being either a) made of carbon or a noble metal or a noble metal alloy or a metal nitride or at least one material from the group consisting of hafnium, niobium, tantalum, bismuth, nickel , tin, tin-nickel alloy, or b) is formed from a homogeneous or heterogeneous solid solution or compound from at least one of the material combinations from the group comprising: Ir-C, Ir-Ru-C, Ru-C, Ag -C, WC, Cu-C, Mo-C, Cr-C, Mg-C, Pt-C, Ta-C, Nb-C, with a proportion of carbon in the coating ranging from 35 to 99.99 at %, or c) a coating of a copper-tin alloy or a tin-nickel alloy or a tin-silver alloy or a tin-zinc alloy or a tin
- a coating according to c) differs from the material of the substrate with regard to the chemical composition, ie it can contain the same metals but in a different concentration, or it can contain other metals.
- the application of a coating further improves the chemical stability of the component and significantly extends its service life.
- the coating has a thickness in the range from 2 to 500 nm.
- the coating covers the substrate at least on one side, preferably on both sides or on all sides. In particular in the area of the edges of a metal sheet, uncoated areas or areas with a very small layer thickness can be present.
- the coating should cover the substrate in a contact area with an electrolyte of a redox flow cell, ie in an area that is used in direct contact with an anolyte or catholyte.
- the coating is preferably formed on the substrate by means of a PVD process or a combined PVD/PACVD process.
- the coating is deposited with as few pores as possible, or at least only has pores with a diameter of less than 0.1 mm, in order to further reduce corrosive attack by the fluid on the substrate.
- the coating can also be applied by an alternative coating method, for example galvanically or by thermal spraying.
- the coating can also be in the form of a plating if it is made of metal.
- plating is the one- or two-sided application of one or more metal layers to a different base metal.
- An inseparable connection is achieved through pressure and/or temperature or subsequent heat treatment (e.g. diffusion annealing).
- the plating can be done in particular by rolling on thin metal foil.
- the electrode is made of a metal sheet which is provided with a coating on one or both sides, which is formed by plating with one of the metallic materials for the coating mentioned in group a) above, in particular tin.
- redox flow cell in particular redox flow battery, comprising at least one component according to the invention in the form of an electrode and at least one electrolyte.
- an electrolyte with a pH in the range from 7 to 14 is selected.
- the redox flow cell comprises at least two electrodes, a first reaction space and a second reaction space, each reaction space being in contact with one of the electrodes and the reaction spaces being separated from one another by an ion exchange membrane.
- the use of the electrode according to the invention allows small distances to the membrane and thus a space-saving construction of a redox flow cell.
- the electrode is impermeable to the electrolytes, so that a perfect separation of the reaction spaces within a redox flow cell is guaranteed.
- such electrodes have surfaces which, in addition to the high demands made of electrochemical stability, also meet the demands for low interfacial resistance and high catalytic activity.
- flow batteries with aqueous electrolytes comprising a redox-active species on the anolyte side are preferred applications for the electrode according to the invention.
- redox flow batteries Due to the small possible thicknesses of the electrodes, small redox flow batteries can be produced which also have a low production price.
- redox flow battery preferably more than 10, in particular more than 50, redox flow cells are used that are electrically connected to one another.
- An example of an anolyte suitable for a redox flow cell or a redox flow battery is:
- Electrolyte combinations with aqueous electrolytes with a redox-active organic species on the anolyte side are preferably used to form a redox flow cell or a redox flow battery.
- a fuel cell comprising at least one component according to the invention in the form of a bipolar plate and at least one polymer electrolyte membrane has proven to be stable over the long term.
- an electrolyzer comprising at least one component according to the invention in the form of a bipolar plate or a fluid diffusion layer and comprising at least one polymer electrolyte membrane has proven to be stable over the long term.
- FIGS. 1 to 6 show examples of components according to the invention in the form of electrodes and a redox flow cell or a redox flow battery.
- Figures 7 and 8 show an example of a fuel cell and an electrolytic cell of an electrolyzer. So shows
- FIG. 1 shows an electrode comprising a substrate in a plan view of the substrate plane
- FIG. 2 shows a cross section through an electrode comprising a coating
- FIG. 3 shows a cross section through an electrode with a profile
- FIG. 4 shows a cross section through an electrode comprising a substrate made of a metal sheet and an expanded metal grid
- FIG. 5 an electrode with a flux field
- FIG. 6 a redox flow cell or a redox flow battery with a redox flow cell
- Figure 7 shows an electrolyzer in section
- FIG. 8 shows a fuel cell stack in a three-dimensional view.
- FIG. 1 shows a component 1 in the form of an electrode comprising a substrate 2 in a plan view of the substrate plane.
- the substrate 2 is formed here from a metal sheet 2a with a thickness of less than 0.5 mm.
- the metal sheet 2a is made of a tin-silver alloy.
- FIG. 2 shows a cross section through a component 1 in the form of an electrode, comprising a substrate 2 in the form of a metal sheet 2a made of a tin-antimony alloy, which has a coating 3 on both sides.
- the coating 3 can also only be applied to one side of the metal sheet 2a, the coating 3 being intended to cover the substrate 2 at least in a contact area with an electrolyte of a redox flow cell 8 (cf. FIG. 6).
- FIG. 3 shows a cross section through a component 1 in the form of an electrode comprising a substrate 2 in the form of a metal sheet 2a made of tin-bismuth alloy.
- the metal sheet 2a has a three-dimensional profile 4, which increases the later contact surface of the metal sheet 2a to an electrolyte of a redox flow cell 8.
- FIG. 4 shows a cross section through a component 1′ in the form of an electrode comprising a substrate 2 which comprises a metal sheet 2a and an expanded metal grid 2b.
- the metal sheet 2a and the expanded metal mesh 2b are formed from a tin-silver alloy.
- FIG. 5 shows a three-dimensional view of a component 1 in the form of an electrode, comprising a substrate 2 in the form of a metal sheet 2a made of tin-silver alloy with a profile 4 that forms a flux field 7 .
- a profiling 4 on both sides for forming a flow field 7 in each case, resulting in a three-dimensional structuring of the surface of the electrode onto which an electrolyte is to flow in a redox flow cell 8 .
- FIG. 6 shows a redox flow cell 8 or a redox flow battery with a redox flow cell 8.
- the redox flow cell 8 comprises two components 1a, 1b in the form of electrodes, a first reaction chamber 10a and a second reaction space 10b, each reaction space 10a, 10b being in contact with one of the electrodes.
- the reaction spaces 10a, 10b are separated by an ion exchange membrane 9a separated from each other.
- a liquid anolyte 11a is pumped from a tank 13a via a pump 12a into the first reaction chamber 10a and passed between the component 1a and the ion exchange membrane 9a.
- a liquid catholyte 11b is pumped from a tank 13b via a pump 12b into the second reaction chamber 10b and passed between the component 1b and the ion exchange membrane 9a. Ion exchange takes place across the ion exchange membrane 9a, electrical energy being released at the electrodes due to the redox reaction.
- FIG. 7 shows an electrolysis cell 20 of an electrolyzer comprising a polymer electrolyte membrane 9 which separates an anode side A and a cathode side K from one another.
- a catalyst layer 21a, 21b each comprising a catalyst material and a fluid diffusion layer 22a, 22b, is arranged adjacent to the catalyst layer 21a, 21b on both sides of the polymer electrolyte membranes 9.
- the fluid diffusion layers 22a, 22b are each disposed adjacent an electrically conductive plate 24a, 24b, the fluid diffusion layers 22a and 22b being formed of expanded metal 2b, 2b' of a tin-silver alloy.
- the plates 24a, 24b each have flow channels 23a, 23b on their sides facing the fluid diffusion layers 22a, 22b in order to improve the supply of reaction medium (water) and the removal of reaction products (water, hydrogen, oxygen).
- FIG. 8 schematically shows a fuel cell stack 100 comprising a plurality of fuel cells 90.
- Each fuel cell 90 comprises a polymer electrolyte membrane 9 which is adjacent to components 1c, 1d in the form of bipolar plates on both sides.
- Each bipolar plate has a tin-silver alloy substrate.
- the bipolar plate has an inflow area with openings 80a and an outlet area with further openings 80b, which are used to supply a fuel cell (90) with process gases and coolant and to remove reaction products from the fuel cell (90) and coolant.
- the bipolar plate also has a gas distributor structure 7 ′ on each side, which is intended to rest against the polymer electrolyte membrane 9 .
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020130693.8A DE102020130693A1 (de) | 2020-11-20 | 2020-11-20 | Bauteil für eine elektrochemische Zelle, sowie Redox-Flow-Zelle, Brennstoffzelle und Elektrolyseur |
| PCT/DE2021/100893 WO2022105959A1 (de) | 2020-11-20 | 2021-11-10 | Bauteil für eine elektrochemische zelle, sowie redox-flow-zelle, brennstoffzelle und elektrolyseur |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4248507A1 true EP4248507A1 (de) | 2023-09-27 |
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| EP (1) | EP4248507A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2023549791A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20230079170A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN116508180A (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2021384651A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102020130693A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2022105959A1 (de) |
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| DE102024206263A1 (de) * | 2024-07-03 | 2026-01-08 | Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG | Gasdiffusionslage, elektrochemische Zelle mit der Gasdiffusionslage und Verfahren zum Herstellen der Gasdiffusionslage |
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| JP5145680B2 (ja) * | 2006-09-28 | 2013-02-20 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 燃料電池セパレータ |
| US20110033784A1 (en) * | 2008-02-27 | 2011-02-10 | Impact Coatings Ab | Electrode with a coating, method in production thereof and use of a material |
| US10329676B2 (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2019-06-25 | Avantium Knowledge Centre B.V. | Method and system for electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide employing a gas diffusion electrode |
| US9478822B2 (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2016-10-25 | Nuvera Fuel Cells, LLC | Multi-stack electrochemical cell system and method of use |
| JP6418235B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-31 | 2018-11-07 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 多孔質集電体及び燃料電池 |
| JP6434723B2 (ja) | 2014-07-01 | 2018-12-05 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 膜電極複合体、膜電極複合体の製造方法、燃料電池及び燃料電池の製造方法 |
| JP6701601B2 (ja) * | 2015-09-10 | 2020-05-27 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 金属多孔体、燃料電池、及び金属多孔体の製造方法 |
| DE102016202372A1 (de) * | 2016-02-17 | 2017-08-17 | Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg | Schicht und Schichtsystem, sowie Bipolarplatte, Brennstoffzelle und Elektrolyseur |
| GB2551191B (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2020-01-15 | Imperial Innovations Ltd | Electrically conductive composite coating with azole corrosion inhibitor |
| CN108123142B (zh) * | 2016-11-28 | 2022-01-04 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | 抗腐蚀结构及包含其抗腐蚀结构的燃料电池 |
| TWI624989B (zh) * | 2016-12-14 | 2018-05-21 | 財團法人工業技術研究院 | 雙極板、燃料電池及燃料電池組 |
| WO2018145720A1 (en) | 2017-02-10 | 2018-08-16 | Cmblu Projekt Ag | Flow-by electrode unit and use thereof, redox flow battery system and use thereof, method of manufacturing a flow-by electrode unit, method of operating a redox flow battery system |
| WO2018146344A1 (en) | 2017-02-13 | 2018-08-16 | Cmblu Projekt Ag | Process for the production of sulphonated low molecular weight derivatives from lignin |
| JP7104500B2 (ja) * | 2017-09-15 | 2022-07-21 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 化学反応用電極及びそれを用いた電気化学セル |
| DE202018103058U1 (de) * | 2018-05-30 | 2019-09-02 | Reinz-Dichtungs-Gmbh | Separatorplatte für ein elektrochemisches System |
| US11056698B2 (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2021-07-06 | Raytheon Technologies Corporation | Redox flow battery with electrolyte balancing and compatibility enabling features |
| CN110112434A (zh) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-08-09 | 张国胜 | 双极板及包含该双极板的燃料电池电堆和发电系统 |
| US11532827B2 (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2022-12-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel cell bipolar plate alloys |
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2020
- 2020-11-20 DE DE102020130693.8A patent/DE102020130693A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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- 2021-11-10 WO PCT/DE2021/100893 patent/WO2022105959A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2021-11-10 EP EP21811249.8A patent/EP4248507A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2021-11-10 JP JP2023528235A patent/JP2023549791A/ja active Pending
- 2021-11-10 AU AU2021384651A patent/AU2021384651A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2021-11-10 CN CN202180073281.1A patent/CN116508180A/zh active Pending
- 2021-11-10 KR KR1020237014616A patent/KR20230079170A/ko not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20230079170A (ko) | 2023-06-05 |
| WO2022105959A1 (de) | 2022-05-27 |
| DE102020130693A1 (de) | 2022-05-25 |
| AU2021384651A9 (en) | 2024-02-08 |
| CN116508180A (zh) | 2023-07-28 |
| JP2023549791A (ja) | 2023-11-29 |
| US20240003022A1 (en) | 2024-01-04 |
| AU2021384651A1 (en) | 2023-06-15 |
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