EP4247658A1 - Antriebseinheit mit einem elektromotor - Google Patents
Antriebseinheit mit einem elektromotorInfo
- Publication number
- EP4247658A1 EP4247658A1 EP21823180.1A EP21823180A EP4247658A1 EP 4247658 A1 EP4247658 A1 EP 4247658A1 EP 21823180 A EP21823180 A EP 21823180A EP 4247658 A1 EP4247658 A1 EP 4247658A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- unit
- drive unit
- brake
- drive
- electric motor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
- F16H57/048—Type of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
- F16H57/0482—Gearings with gears having orbital motion
- F16H57/0483—Axle or inter-axle differentials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B35/00—Axle units; Parts thereof ; Arrangements for lubrication of axles
- B60B35/12—Torque-transmitting axles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
- B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
- B60T1/02—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
- B60T1/06—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels
- B60T1/062—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels acting on transmission parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
- B60T17/18—Safety devices; Monitoring
- B60T17/22—Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T5/00—Vehicle modifications to facilitate cooling of brakes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/78—Features relating to cooling
- F16D65/80—Features relating to cooling for externally-engaging brakes
- F16D65/813—Features relating to cooling for externally-engaging brakes with closed cooling system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/78—Features relating to cooling
- F16D65/82—Features relating to cooling for internally-engaging brakes
- F16D65/833—Features relating to cooling for internally-engaging brakes with closed cooling system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/78—Features relating to cooling
- F16D65/84—Features relating to cooling for disc brakes
- F16D65/853—Features relating to cooling for disc brakes with closed cooling system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/032—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein characterised by the materials used
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/037—Gearboxes for accommodating differential gearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
- F16H57/0412—Cooling or heating; Control of temperature
- F16H57/0413—Controlled cooling or heating of lubricant; Temperature control therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
- F16H57/0412—Cooling or heating; Control of temperature
- F16H57/0415—Air cooling or ventilation; Heat exchangers; Thermal insulations
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
- F16H57/0467—Elements of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
- F16H57/0476—Electric machines and gearing, i.e. joint lubrication or cooling or heating thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K2001/001—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units one motor mounted on a propulsion axle for rotating right and left wheels of this axle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
- B60K2001/006—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2306/00—Other features of vehicle sub-units
- B60Y2306/03—Lubrication
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2306/00—Other features of vehicle sub-units
- B60Y2306/05—Cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/78—Features relating to cooling
- F16D2065/783—Features relating to cooling cooling control or adjustment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H2057/02026—Connection of auxiliaries with a gear case; Mounting of auxiliaries on the gearbox
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H2057/02034—Gearboxes combined or connected with electric machines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H2057/02039—Gearboxes for particular applications
- F16H2057/02043—Gearboxes for particular applications for vehicle transmissions
- F16H2057/02052—Axle units; Transfer casings for four wheel drive
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a drive unit with an electric motor.
- the present invention relates to a functionally highly integrated drive unit that connects an electric motor to other components of an electrically powered vehicle.
- the present invention also relates to an electrically driven vehicle, such as in particular a motor vehicle, which has a drive unit of this type.
- WO 2018/029211 A1 describes a differential gear with disk packs for exerting a braking torque on the output shafts of the gear.
- the braking device should be designed in such a way that effective braking can be achieved with it and that it can be easily maintained.
- the braking device is a drum brake which has a passive element which has a cylindrical friction surface and brake shoes whose friction surfaces can be placed against the cylindrical friction surface of the passive element.
- the passive element can be a brake drum or a radial brake disc, the cylindrical edge of which serves as a friction surface.
- the passive element is attached to the differential carrier and/or one of the shafts.
- the brake shoes are pivotally supported on a support plate which is attached externally to the differential case.
- the differential carrier can be coupled to the drive shaft of an electric motor.
- DE 10 2017 125 605 A1 describes a chassis comprising a vehicle frame with wheel suspensions with wheels, the wheel suspensions enabling a relative movement in the vertical direction as well as rotary and steering movements of the wheels relative to the vehicle chassis.
- a running gear for a vehicle is proposed, with a vehicle chassis, with a steered axle, with a first and a second steered wheel being arranged on the steered axle, with a friction braking device for braking the steered Wheels, wherein the friction braking device is arranged on the vehicle chassis.
- EP 3 539 812 A1 describes an electric vehicle comprising a suspension and powertrain assembly comprising a vehicle frame module, an electric motor assembly carried by the frame module midway between two wheels, and a suspension comprising an upper swing arm and a lower swing arm for each wheel , each carrying a wheel carrier.
- Each wheel carrier rotatably supports a respective wheel hub which is connected to the electric motor unit by a respective drive shaft.
- the brake discs are mounted on two output shafts of the electric motor unit at a distance from the respective wheels and are connected to the hubs of the two wheels by drive shafts. Thanks to the absence of brake discs near the wheel hubs, the pivot joints connecting each wheel carrier to the respective upper and lower arm can be arranged to define a steering axis passing through the respective wheel center and thereby essentially zero kingpin displacement having.
- WO 2019/101565 A1 describes that the drive torques of an electric motor are transmitted to a vehicle wheel via a belt drive, the belt drive being arranged in a housing with a preferably electric brake acting on the output hub of the belt drive.
- the brake consists of a brake disc, which is coupled to the output hub, and a magnetic coil arranged coaxially with it, which is also used to actuate an additional drum brake.
- the output hub has a central mount for a cardan shaft, with which the forces reduced by the belt drive are transmitted to a vehicle wheel.
- the subject matter of the present invention is a drive unit for a vehicle, having an electric motor and a transmission unit, the electric motor being connected to the transmission unit via a drive shaft and at least a first output shaft being able to be driven in rotation by the transmission unit, the drive unit also having at least one brake unit , wherein the rotation of the at least one output shaft can be delayed by the brake unit, wherein the drive unit has at least one of a) a lubricant circuit through which both the transmission unit and at least one brake unit can be supplied with lubricant, and b) a cooling circuit through which both
- At least one brake assembly can be supplied with coolant.
- Such a drive unit can, in particular, allow improved manufacturability and improved synergy effects.
- the drive unit described here serves in particular to drive a vehicle.
- the drive unit is designed in particular to drive an electrically powered vehicle.
- an electrically driven vehicle can basically be understood to mean a purely electrically driven vehicle or also a hybrid vehicle.
- the drive unit has an electric motor, which can be designed in a manner known per se and includes, for example, a stator and a rotor. With regard to the performance data, the electric motor can be adapted to the selected area of application, for example the type of vehicle that is to be driven by the electric motor.
- the drive unit has a gear unit. Although it is possible to operate electric motors without a gear, it has proven to be advantageous to also provide gears when operating electric motors.
- the transmission unit can, for example, have transmission stages and a differential in a manner known per se.
- the electric motor In order to transmit the driving force of the electric motor to output shafts, the electric motor, as is known in principle, is connected to the transmission unit, in particular to the gear stages, via a drive shaft. Furthermore, the transmission unit, such as the differential, can transmit the driving force to at least one first output shaft, for example to two output shafts, in order to ultimately drive the output shaft from the electric motor. This can be done in particular by rotating the output shaft or shafts.
- a first output shaft and optionally a second drive unit can be driven by the transmission unit and thus by the electric motor.
- a wheel of the vehicle can be driven by the output shaft in a manner known per se.
- the drive unit also has at least one brake unit, it being possible for the rotation of the at least one output shaft to be delayed by the brake unit.
- the output shaft and thus wheels of a vehicle can be braked by the brake unit.
- the exact configuration of the at least one brake unit, for example the two brake units of the drive unit, is not fundamentally restricted.
- the brake unit can be particularly preferred or, however, the braking units may be a wet type brake as will be described in more detail later.
- the drive unit also has at least one of a) a lubricant circuit through which both the transmission unit and at least one brake unit can be supplied with lubricant, and b) a cooling circuit through which both
- At least one brake assembly can be supplied with coolant and thereby cooled.
- feature a) is provided without feature b), or feature b) is provided without feature a), or that both features a) and b) are provided.
- this configuration makes use of the fact that the transmission is often provided with a lubricant circuit, such as an oil circuit with a lubricant, such as gear oil, which is circulated in the lubricant circuit.
- a lubricant circuit such as an oil circuit with a lubricant, such as gear oil, which is circulated in the lubricant circuit.
- corresponding lubricant lines and a lubricant pump belong to the lubricant circuit.
- the circulating components for lubricants and/or coolants may advantageously be integrated in a common housing of a drive unit. With this integrated structure, external wiring or an add-on solution can be rationalized to save space. If the lubricant circuit now also serves to supply the brake unit, for example, synergistic effects can be achieved in that corresponding components of the circuit, such as the pump drive and/or pump, are reduced. As a result, components can be saved, which can reduce costs and simplify production.
- the structure can be designed to be simpler and have smaller structural dimensions as well
- the lubricant of the lubricant circuit can be used for lubrication and/or internal or also external cooling of the brake unit.
- a circuit can fulfill both features a) and b) equally.
- the cooling circuit can be a water-based cooling circuit and thus have cooling ducts which carry cooling water in order to enable external as well as internal cooling, for example.
- the cooling circuit required to cool the electric motor and/or the power electronics can also be used to cool the brake unit, such as the multi-disc brakes. This reduces costs, weight and installation space, since components such as a second coolant pump can be dispensed with and the cooling circuit can also have a simple structure.
- At least one brake unit comprises a wet-running brake.
- the aforementioned synergy effects can occur.
- the lubricant that is required anyway for lubricating the gearbox and the pump can used in particular for lubricating and/or cooling the wet-running brake.
- the increased volume of lubricant associated with the brake improves the thermal resilience of the brakes.
- Lubricant pumps can be used to actively pump the lubricant in and out of the brakes, thereby reducing the residual torque when driving without braking. As indicated above, the multiple use of lubricant and pumps reduces costs, weight and installation space.
- the use of one or more multi-disc brakes can be of particular advantage.
- the disk brake can include a multi-disk brake.
- the advantage of a multi-disk brake can be seen in the fact that its encapsulated design means that there are no brake dust emissions, which can be a great advantage when considering possible future legal restrictions.
- brake dust can be prevented from settling on wheel rims or other parts of the vehicle.
- disk brakes can be designed as so-called lifetime brakes. This means that the brakes can be designed in such a way that no pad change is necessary. This reduces service and in turn saves costs.
- a comparatively simple modular or controlled adjustment of braking power and/or cooling power can be done jointly or separately metered by influencing the corresponding circulation (coolant and/or lubricant) individually or mutually coordinated and electronically controlled or regulated as required becomes.
- the control or regulation of lubricant circulation and/or coolant circulation preferably takes place on the basis of fluid pressure regulation.
- the drive unit is also preferably highly integrated in such a way that the transmission unit and the brake unit, in particular, if necessary, other and/or further components are arranged in or on their common housing.
- Electromotive pump drives can also be arranged in the common housing or on the common housing.
- An arrangement on the common housing should mean in particular that the brake unit or the plurality of brake units are in particular attached directly to the housing, ie form a unit with the housing.
- the arrangement of these components in or on a common housing should mean in particular that the housing is designed in one piece or that, in the case of a multi-part design of the housing by a plurality of housing parts, all corresponding housing parts for forming the housing, in which or on which the aforementioned components are integrated, in particular immovably or rigidly connected to one another.
- the housing parts are attached to one another so that they cannot move relative to one another.
- the design of the drive unit described here can offer a self-contained, largely autonomous drive and braking system, including gearing.
- This enables clear advantages in production and planning, for example, since the development effort can be reduced to shell construction and suspension.
- the wheel suspension there is another one Advantage of increased freedom in their interpretation. This is limited when using brakes built into the wheel, which can significantly improve the range of application and adaptability of the drive unit according to the invention.
- the integration of the brake housing in the existing parts or the integration of the brake unit in or on a common housing with transmission and electric motor can also enable a compact design with high power density and low complexity of parts. This further improves the advantages of manufacturability and adaptability to the desired field of application.
- a plurality of brake units can also be controlled individually.
- the use of two independent brakes can enable wheel-specific braking and thus high controllability and safety.
- the driving or braking behavior of a vehicle equipped with the drive unit described here can be further improved.
- the wiring harness can be simplified compared to a brake located in the wheel due to the obvious, likewise electrical components.
- the close arrangement of drive and brakes simplifies the electrical and/or mechanical communication of these components, which can be used to advantage, for example, when blending, i.e. simultaneous recuperative braking of the electric motor and friction brake.
- the drive unit can enable a weight reduction, which can be of immense advantage, particularly in vehicles.
- the transmission unit can drive two output shafts to rotate, with two brake units being provided, with the rotation of an output shaft being able to be delayed by one brake unit each.
- the two output shafts can in particular drive two wheels of an axle and the corresponding brakes can each brake one wheel.
- This can be done electrically controlled, for example, by an anti-lock braking system or an anti-slip control system.
- the transmission unit has a differential for driving two output shafts, with a first distance Di between the differential and a first brake unit acting on the first output shaft, and a second distance D2 between the differential and a second brake unit , which acts on the second output shaft, is essentially the same.
- a substantially equal distance is to be understood in particular as meaning that the distance has a maximum deviation that is less than 1%, based on the larger distance.
- the structure can be particularly simple, so that production can be improved, for example in terms of complexity and costs.
- the transmission unit has a differential for driving two output shafts, with a first distance Di between the differential and a first brake unit acting on the first output shaft, and a second distance D2 between the differential and a second brake unit , which acts on the second output shaft, is different.
- a different distance is to be understood in particular as meaning that the distance has a minimum deviation that is greater than or equal to 1%, for example greater than or equal to 5%, for example greater than or equal to 35%, based on the larger distance.
- a particularly advantageous adaptability to the specific circumstances can take place.
- space can be saved, for example, mechanical events can be taken into account and a specific installation position of the drive unit and in particular of the differential can be taken into account, so that it is possible to react to space-specific requirements.
- the common housing is designed as an aluminum die-cast component. This configuration allows a further simplified manufacturability, since the housing components can be easily adapted to the required spatial conditions. In addition, this configuration makes it particularly easy for the invention described to also be integrated into existing processes.
- the subject matter of the invention is also an electrically driven vehicle, having a drive unit for driving at least one vehicle wheel, the drive unit being configured as described in detail above.
- Such a vehicle can in particular have the aforementioned advantages, for example with regard to the design and manufacture of the drive unit.
- a corresponding drive unit can be provided for each wheel to be driven, or it can be provided that a drive unit is provided for one axle, ie for two wheels to be driven.
- two output shafts can be driven by a common drive unit.
- a cost- and space-saving configuration can be made possible and production can be carried out inexpensively and easily.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a sectional view through a first embodiment of a drive unit
- FIG. 3 schematically shows a sectional view through a detail of a further embodiment of a drive unit.
- FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a drive unit 10 according to the present invention.
- the drive unit 10 serves in particular to drive an electrically drivable vehicle, such as a purely electric vehicle.
- Drive unit 10 includes an electric motor 12, which can be assigned power electronics 14, for example, and also a gear unit 16.
- Gear unit 16 can have a plurality of gear stages 18 in order to rotate a drive shaft 20, which is connected to electric motor 12 or from it into Rotation is offset, in particular via a differential 22 to at least one, in the present embodiment to translate two output shafts 24 a , 24b.
- the electric motor 12 on the Drive shaft 20 is connected to the gear unit 16 and the output shafts 24a 24b can be driven by the gear unit 16 and thus the electric motor 12 to rotate.
- FIG. 1 also shows that the drive unit 10 also has two brake units 26a , 26b, which can basically be configured identically or differently from one another.
- the brake units 26a , 26b can be wet-running brakes, with multi-disc brakes being particularly preferred.
- the brake units 26a , 26b are arranged in such a way that the rotation of the output shafts 24a , 24b can be delayed by the brake units 26a , 26b.
- FIG. 1 shows that the electric motor 12, the transmission unit 16 and the brake units 26a , 26b are arranged in a common housing 28.
- the housing 28 is designed in several parts and has a large number of housing parts fastened to one another.
- the housing parts are connected to one another by screw connections 30 .
- a motor cover unit 32 with bearings 40a , 40b is provided, which forms the housing part for the electric motor 12. This is connected to the transmission housing part 34, which comprises a first transmission housing half 34a and a second transmission housing half 34b.
- An integrated first brake housing 36a and an integrated second brake housing 36b are also provided for the brake units 26a , 26b , which are closed by a first brake housing cover 38a and a second brake housing cover 38b.
- a brake housing part 39 which encloses the second brake unit 26b can be arranged on the second transmission housing half 34b.
- a brake housing cover 38b can then be dispensed with.
- the configuration according to FIG. 3 allows an axial installation space that can be changed, for example by an adaptable number of brake disks of a disk brake, to be realized particularly easily by brake housing parts 39 of different sizes. This is advantageous because the braking torque that can be achieved can be changed by the number of brake disks. Different lamella thicknesses also enable adaptation to thermal requirements. However, this results in the need for a variable axial installation space.
- Bearings 40a, 40b, 40c , 40d , 40e are also provided for guiding the output shafts 24a , 24b from the interior of the housing 28 into the exterior of the housing 28 and also for supporting the output shafts 24a , 24b.
- FIG. 1 also shows that the drive unit 10 has a lubricant circuit 42, such as an oil circuit, through which both the transmission unit 16 and the brake units 26a , 26b can be supplied with lubricant, such as oil.
- lubricant circuit 42 such as an oil circuit
- oil conveyed to the gear stages 18 can also be conveyed in the direction of the arrow to the brake units 26a , 26b or away from them.
- 1 has lubricant lines 44, such as oil lines, since the brake unit 26a is not arranged directly on the volume 46 of the gear stages 18. This is due to the fact that, according to the configuration from FIG.
- a first distance Di between the differential 22 and the first brake unit 26a and a second distance D2 between the differential 22 and the second brake unit 26b are different, with the distance Di being greater in particular , than the distance D2, or in principle vice versa.
- the distance Di is selected in such a way that the first brake unit 26a is still below the electric motor 12. If the distance Di is selected to be greater, the electric motor 12 can be located between the brake units 26a, 26b, for example, as a result of which the first output shaft 24a can be placed closer to the electric motor 12. This allows a reduced radial space requirement, so perpendicular to the first output shaft 24 a and thus approximately perpendicular to a vehicle axis.
- the braking torque to be transmitted via the output shaft 24a is higher than the drive torque. Therefore, this shaft can be dimensioned to be more compact and lighter than the output shaft 24b.
- bearings 40a, 40b, 40c , 40d , 40e it is possible to save bearings 40a, 40b, 40c , 40d , 40e .
- the bearings 40a, 40b, 40c , 40d , 40e shown in FIG. 1 the bearings 40b and 40c can be omitted, for example.
- FIG. 1 also shows a cooling circuit 48, which can supply coolant, such as water, to at least one brake unit 26a , 26b and also to electric motor 12 and/or power electronics 14.
- the cooling circuit 48 has in particular a coolant pump and optionally a reservoir for coolant and also coolant lines 50 through which the corresponding components can be supplied with coolant and thereby cooled.
- the configuration according to FIG. 2 largely corresponds to the configuration according to FIG. 1, so that the above statements also apply to the configuration according to FIG. 2 , with the exception that according to FIG and the second distance D2 between the differential 22 and the second brake unit 26b is substantially the same.
- the first brake unit 26a and the second brake unit 26b are located below the electric motor 12 and on one side thereof, which can allow a reduced axial space requirement, i.e. parallel to the first output shaft 24a and thus approximately parallel to a vehicle axis .
- additional lubricant lines 44 can be dispensed with, which can further simplify the manufacturability of the drive unit 10 .
- lubricant volume can be saved accordingly will.
- bearings 40a, 40b, 40c , 40d , 40e can be dispensed with, such as in particular bearing 40b located directly to the left of first brake unit 26a in FIG. 2, which in turn saves costs and weight can become.
- the present invention may further extend to a networked vehicle drive and braking system which, for the sake of efficiency, may have particularly closely and efficiently linked electronic control or regulation methods for fluid flow regulation.
- the said drive system with the two fluid circuits can advantageously have an integrated electronic control or regulation. Because of this, an efficient and inexpensive controlled or regulated adjustment of braking power and/or cooling power can be done jointly or separately metered by the corresponding circulation (coolant and/or lubricant) being taken individually or mutually coordinated and electronically controlled or regulated as required being affected.
- the control or regulation of pump capacity for lubricant circulation and/or coolant circulation is preferably carried out as required and in an energy-efficient manner on the basis of fluid pressure regulation. This may be exemplified with the help of one or more electro-hydraulic
- Pressure control valves happen, and it may be useful or necessary for regulation that the respective fluid pressure (actual pressure) is measured with the help of one or more fluid pressure sensors and made available to an electronic control unit, which on this basis the or the preferably electric motor driven Lubricant pump and / or coolant pump as needed depending on the driving request and / or braking request, and possibly mutually coordinated, controls or regulates. It goes without saying that this control and/or regulation in an application in connection with automated driving is carried out in full or in part with data comparison with the drive and braking requirements, preferably in an automated manner.
- control unit can be represented as a central "one box solution" for the purpose of controlling the combined drive unit, and the central control unit is electronically connected to peripheral vehicle electronics connected and embedded in a network, and wherein there is also preferably at least one interface for the purpose of data exchange and/or control coordination in connection with C2C (car-to-car) and/or C2X (car-to-X) communication systems.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
- Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
- General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020214433.8A DE102020214433B4 (de) | 2020-11-17 | 2020-11-17 | Antriebseinheit mit einem Elektromotor |
| PCT/DE2021/200190 WO2022105970A1 (de) | 2020-11-17 | 2021-11-16 | Antriebseinheit mit einem elektromotor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4247658A1 true EP4247658A1 (de) | 2023-09-27 |
Family
ID=78827643
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21823180.1A Pending EP4247658A1 (de) | 2020-11-17 | 2021-11-16 | Antriebseinheit mit einem elektromotor |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12203541B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4247658A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN116583446A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102020214433B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2022105970A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019116086A1 (de) * | 2019-06-13 | 2020-12-17 | WABCO Global GmbH | Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Abbremsung eines Fahrzeugs mit einer Frontlastaufnahmevorrichtung |
| DE102021126001A1 (de) * | 2021-10-07 | 2023-05-04 | Faun Umwelttechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Kühleinrichtung für eine Bremse eines Fahrzeugs |
| DE102021213092A1 (de) | 2021-11-22 | 2023-05-25 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Elektrisch angetriebenes Fahrzeug mit nasslaufenden Betriebsbremsen |
| DE102022205070A1 (de) | 2022-05-20 | 2023-11-23 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Bremsvorrichtung zur Verzögerung eines elektrisch angetriebenen Fahrzeuges |
| DE102022205937A1 (de) * | 2022-06-13 | 2023-12-14 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Antriebsstrang für ein Elektrofahrzeug und Elektrofahrzeug |
| DE102022121622A1 (de) * | 2022-08-26 | 2024-02-29 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Fahrzeug mit Bremseinrichtung sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben des Fahrzeugs |
| CN119948280A (zh) * | 2022-10-07 | 2025-05-06 | 株式会社爱信 | 车用驱动装置 |
| DE112022007925A5 (de) | 2022-10-19 | 2025-08-28 | Gkn Automotive Limited | Antriebsmodul eines Kraftfahrzeugs sowie ein Verfahren zur Betätigung einer Bremse und einer Kupplung eines Antriebsmoduls |
| DE102023108652B4 (de) * | 2023-04-04 | 2025-01-23 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Trommelbremsvorrichtung für ein Elektrofahrzeug sowie Elektrofahrzeug mit der Trommelbremsvorrichtung |
| DE102024200144A1 (de) * | 2024-01-08 | 2025-07-10 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Antriebseinheit für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
| DE102024100430A1 (de) * | 2024-01-09 | 2025-07-10 | Audi Aktiengesellschaft | Thermomanagementsystem sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben eines solchen Thermomanagementsystems |
| DE102024100429A1 (de) * | 2024-01-09 | 2025-07-10 | Audi Aktiengesellschaft | Thermomanagementsystem sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben eines solchen Thermomanagementsystems |
| WO2025153899A1 (de) * | 2024-01-15 | 2025-07-24 | Audi Ag | Antriebsvorrichtung für eine fahrzeugachse |
| DE102024201207B3 (de) * | 2024-02-09 | 2025-05-15 | Magna Pt B.V. & Co. Kg | Elektrische Antriebseinheit mit Baugruppe mit Lamellenbremsen und Verfahren zum Aufheizen einer elektrischen Antriebseinheit |
| DE102024201208B3 (de) * | 2024-02-09 | 2025-02-13 | Magna powertrain gmbh & co kg | Elektrisches Antriebssystem mit integrierter Bremseinheit mit Betriebsbremsen und Parkbremsenfunktion |
| DE102025106178A1 (de) * | 2025-02-19 | 2026-04-02 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Achsvorrichtung für eine Arbeitsmaschine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3935115A1 (de) | 1988-11-11 | 1990-05-17 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen | Achsbaugruppe mit gemeinsam betaetigbarer differentialsperre und bremse |
| ATA105093A (de) | 1993-05-28 | 2001-07-15 | Steyr Daimler Puch Ag | Flüssigkeitsgekühlte antriebseinheit für ein elektromobil |
| DE10330690A1 (de) * | 2003-07-08 | 2005-02-24 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Elektroachse mit Radnabenantrieb |
| DE102005003881A1 (de) | 2005-01-24 | 2006-07-27 | Volkswagen Ag | Verfahren zur Kühlung einer elektrischen Maschine und/oder dieser zugeordneten elektronischen Bauelementen in einem Kraftfahrzeug, insbesondere Hybridfahrzeug |
| US7845471B2 (en) * | 2007-08-22 | 2010-12-07 | Cnh America Llc | External axle cooling system |
| DE102011113654A1 (de) | 2011-09-19 | 2013-03-21 | Deutsche Bahn Ag | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Kühlen elektrischer Fahrmotoren |
| DE102012112377A1 (de) * | 2012-12-17 | 2014-06-18 | Linde Material Handling Gmbh | Antriebsachse für eine mobile Arbeitsmaschine |
| DE102013224149B4 (de) | 2013-11-26 | 2026-02-12 | Valeo Eautomotive Germany Gmbh | Elektromaschine, insbesondere Elektromotor, und Verfahren zum Bremsen einer Elektromaschine |
| DE102015214309A1 (de) * | 2015-07-29 | 2017-02-02 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Hohlwellenkühlung für einen Antrieb eines Elektrofahrzeugs |
| JP2017047698A (ja) * | 2015-08-31 | 2017-03-09 | Ntn株式会社 | 電気自動車 |
| DE102016214968A1 (de) | 2016-08-11 | 2018-02-15 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Eine Bremseinrichtung aufweisendes Differentialgetriebe |
| DE102017200399A1 (de) * | 2017-01-12 | 2018-07-12 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Lamellenbremse |
| DE102017103399A1 (de) * | 2017-02-20 | 2018-08-23 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Achsantriebseinheit mit Bremsanlage, Antriebsachse und Kraftfahrzeug |
| DE102017124592A1 (de) * | 2017-10-20 | 2019-05-09 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Elektrische Antriebseinheit und Kraftfahrzeug |
| DE102017125605A1 (de) | 2017-11-02 | 2019-05-02 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Fahrwerk mit Friktionsbremseinrichtung sowie Fahrzeug mit dem Fahrwerk |
| DE102017220945A1 (de) | 2017-11-23 | 2019-05-23 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Einheit, bestehend aus einem Getriebe und einer Bremse, und elektromotorisch angetriebenes Fahrzeug mit einer solchen Einheit |
| EP3539812B1 (de) | 2018-03-13 | 2020-12-09 | FCA Italy S.p.A. | Aufhängungs- und antriebsstrangeinheit für ein elektrofahrzeug, mit bremsscheiben an einer entfernten position in bezug auf die räder |
| CN209130161U (zh) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-07-19 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | 电驱变速箱用冷却润滑系统 |
| JP7281686B2 (ja) | 2019-03-22 | 2023-05-26 | ニデック株式会社 | 駆動装置、およびオイル交換方法 |
| DE102019208226B3 (de) | 2019-06-05 | 2020-10-22 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Lamellenbremse für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
-
2020
- 2020-11-17 DE DE102020214433.8A patent/DE102020214433B4/de active Active
-
2021
- 2021-11-16 US US18/253,352 patent/US12203541B2/en active Active
- 2021-11-16 WO PCT/DE2021/200190 patent/WO2022105970A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2021-11-16 EP EP21823180.1A patent/EP4247658A1/de active Pending
- 2021-11-16 CN CN202180077236.3A patent/CN116583446A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102020214433B4 (de) | 2026-03-19 |
| WO2022105970A1 (de) | 2022-05-27 |
| DE102020214433A1 (de) | 2022-05-19 |
| CN116583446A (zh) | 2023-08-11 |
| US20230417317A1 (en) | 2023-12-28 |
| US12203541B2 (en) | 2025-01-21 |
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