EP4221968A1 - Radialpresse - Google Patents
RadialpresseInfo
- Publication number
- EP4221968A1 EP4221968A1 EP21789637.2A EP21789637A EP4221968A1 EP 4221968 A1 EP4221968 A1 EP 4221968A1 EP 21789637 A EP21789637 A EP 21789637A EP 4221968 A1 EP4221968 A1 EP 4221968A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rolling
- press according
- radial press
- ring
- radial
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 190
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 93
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 9
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B7/00—Presses characterised by a particular arrangement of the pressing members
- B30B7/04—Presses characterised by a particular arrangement of the pressing members wherein pressing is effected in different directions simultaneously or in turn
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/04—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes with tubes; of tubes with rods
- B21D39/048—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes with tubes; of tubes with rods using presses for radially crimping tubular elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
- B25B27/02—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same
- B25B27/10—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same inserting fittings into hoses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/02—Dies; Inserts therefor; Mounting thereof; Moulds
- B30B15/026—Mounting of dies, platens or press rams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B3/00—Presses characterised by the use of rotary pressing members, e.g. rollers, rings, discs
- B30B3/005—Roll constructions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a radial press, i. H. a press, which - in relation to a press axis - is used to radially deform a workpiece while reducing its radial dimensions.
- Typical workpieces subjected to radial forming by means of such a radial press are the connection fittings attached to the end of the hose piece in the case of a hydraulic hose line. With them, a sleeve surrounding the hose is pressed radially inwards in the direction of a "nipple" inserted into the hose, so that the hose is clamped between the nipple and the sleeve and is thus secured against being pulled out of the fitting.
- Other typical assemblies with components joined by means of radial pressing are anchor elements, high-voltage current insulators, etc.
- Radial presses which are suitable for radial pressings of the type explained above, are known in various designs and various configurations. Reference is made, for example, to DE 20 2016 100 660 U1, DE 20 2016 008 097 U1, DE 10 2016 106 650 A1, DE 10 2014 014 585 B3, DE 10 2014 012 485 B3, DE 10 2014 008 613 A1, DE 10 2011 015 770 Al, DE 10 2011 015 654 Al, DE 10 2009 057 726 Al, DE 10 2005 041 487 Al, DE 10 2005 034 260 B3, DE 601 21 915 T2, DE 298 24 688 Ul, DE 1991 4 CI4 1491 , DE 199 40 744 B4, DE 101 49 924 A1, DE 41 35 465 A1 and DE 35 13 129 A1.
- the known radial presses agree that a plurality of press bodies, which are distributed evenly around the press axis and are approximately wedge-shaped in cross section - eight press bodies are most common - are uniformly pressed by means of a (typically hydraulic) drive (And typically simultaneously) are moved radially toward the pressing axis.
- the pressing bodies have a pressing surface radially on the inside (eg concave, designed as a segment of a circular cylinder), which is in contact with the workpiece during forming; the geometry of the pressing surface generally corresponds essentially to a segment (e.g. one eighth) of the target geometry of the workpiece after forming.
- the radial presses in question are suitable for the radial forming of workpieces with a wide variety of geometries, starting with (idealized) circular-cylindrical workpieces through other strictly rotationally symmetrical workpieces (i.e. workpieces with - perpendicular to a workpiece axis - a circle shaped cross-sections with different radii) to workpieces with non-circular, e.g. B. polygonal cross sections .
- DE 295 00 338 U1 discloses a press device that is used for the radial pressing of press fittings onto pipe ends and works according to a different technical concept. It comprises a split press ring that can be closed around the press fitting and has a press ring that is distributed on the inner circumference and can be moved radially inward by means of an infeed device rotatable press rollers executed press elements.
- the pressing device according to DE 200 23 234 U1 is based on a comparable functional and design principle. According to EP 0 916 426 B1, this concept is implemented for shaping an end part of an otherwise cylindrical workpiece, such as a B. a metal housing, the end portion being eccentric and reduced in diameter with respect to the cylindrical portion of the workpiece.
- the radial press is characterized in that it has a base, a hollow ring die rotatably mounted on this with respect to a pressing axis, with an inner contour that tapers in the direction of the pressing axis and is rotationally symmetrical to the pressing axis, and a rolling element unit that can rotate with respect to the pressing axis, with a pressure ring surrounding the pressing axis and a plurality of roller bodies arranged around the pressing axis, rotationally symmetrical rolling elements that taper at least in certain areas, which are rotatably axially supported on the pressure ring at a variable distance from the pressing axis and can be rolled on the inner contour of the ring die, with the ring die and/or the rolling element unit being influenced by their rotation around the Pressing axis effecting rotary drive and further acting on the Wäl z Archivestechnik and / or the Ringmatri ze the
- the infeed of the rolling elements in the sense of a reduction of the pressing dimension - this is understood to mean the radial dimension of the workpiece resulting from the radial deformation, in particular the workpiece diameter - takes place via an axial adjustment of the rolling element unit relative to the ring matrix by means of the feed drive.
- the present invention completely breaks away from the concept pursued in all established radial presses, which (see above) is characterized by radially moving press bodies, which during the radial forming are continuously each with a (typically concave) press surface abutting the workpiece; there is typically a relatively stationary relationship between the pressed body and the workpiece Contact.
- the radial forming takes place via rolling elements, which roll on the surface of the workpiece and on the inner contour of a ring die, with the radial infeed of the rolling elements - for progressive reduction of the pressing dimension - by an axial displacement of the rolling element unit relative to the ring die, the inner contour of which is longitudinal the press axis tapers, takes place.
- the rolling bodies which cause the forming of the workpiece and are tapered at least in certain areas - the orientation of the tapering of the rolling bodies is, in relation to the pressing axis the same as that of the tapering of the inner contour of the ring die - only comes into contact with the workpiece over comparatively small areas, typically approaching line contact.
- the geometry of the contact surfaces can be influenced in particular by the geometry of the rolling elements, so that specifically rectangular but also, for example, trapezoidal contact surfaces can be realized.
- radial pressing does not take place in a discrete number of planes (e.g. four planes in the case of 8-jaw radial presses), but circumferential radial deformation.
- the pressure required for forming the workpiece can be provided with significantly lower acting forces than in the case of established radial presses. This in turn allows the use of substantially less powerful radial press drives to complete given radial press tasks than in the case of conventional radial presses.
- a significant further advantage of the present invention may in individual cases be the possibility of radially forming workpieces in such a way that they are ideally strictly rotationally symmetrical at the end of the radial forming, in that - in the case of an ideally circular-cylindrical geometry - they have an ideally circular cross-section ( or - in the case of another strictly rotationally symmetrical geometry - have different ideally circular cross-sections).
- the same is usually not possible with conventional radial presses, because during the pressing process between two adjacent compacts in each case - through outwardly displaced material - webs form, under which even more or less pronounced "tunnels" can form.
- non-uniformity can even promote the formation of cracks or the occurrence of other types of damage.
- the radial press according to the invention can prove to be superior to the prior art.
- the radial deformation of the workpiece may can also be limited to individual areas of the workpiece surface that are spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction.
- the rolling elements do not roll over the entire circumference of the workpiece, but - if necessary. oscillating - only in some areas.
- the radial press according to the invention can thus be used specifically for the production of non-round workpieces. The same applies if, during the rotation of the rolling bodies, their infeed increases and decreases rhythmically as a result of a corresponding rhythmic relative axial movement between the ring matrix and the rolling body unit.
- the rolling bodies taper at least in certain areas expresses the fact that a tapering geometry of the rolling bodies does not necessarily have to extend over their entire axial length. Rather, it is also conceivable, for example, that the rolling elements are designed to be cylindrical over part of their axial length or, if necessary. even expand, as is the case for rolling elements with a (symmetrical or asymmetrical) convex or barrel-shaped geometry holds.
- the decisive factor is that the rolling elements are in rolling contact with the inner contour of the annular die, which narrows in the same direction, in that tapering area.
- the inner contour of the ring die in the context of the present invention does not have to taper over its entire axial extent; Rather, a taper over part of the axial length is sufficient, with this tapering area being available for the rolling contact of the rolling elements.
- the statement according to the claims, according to which the ring die has an inner contour that tapers in the direction of the pressing axis and is rotationally symmetrical to the pressing axis, is to be understood as meaning that the ring die is at least partially designed in this way.
- a rotary drive acting on the rolling element unit and causing its rotation around the pressing axis - alternatively or in addition to a rotary drive of the pressure ring - also in the form of a primarily the individual rolling elements (or at least a part of these) can be designed to set the drive in rotation, with the rolling elements rolling on the workpiece as a result of the self-rotation forced on them. If the workpiece, as is the case for various typical radial press applications, held in a rotationally fixed manner, the rolling elements rolling on the workpiece and on the inner contour of the ring die cause the pressure ring of the rolling element unit and the ring die to rotate with respect to the pressing axis. However, if a rotation of the workpiece comes into consideration, then, depending on the individual design of the radial press, the pressure ring of the rolling body unit or the ring die can be non-rotatable.
- workpieces with local constrictions or comparable superficial depressions can also be produced using radial presses according to the invention.
- the Wäl z stresses - be made correspondingly short and / or profiled - in the direction of its axis. have a non-tapering geometry.
- a surface structuring of the workpiece can also be represented—by a corresponding structuring of the rolling bodies;
- the rolling elements can, for example, have small superficial indentations, as a result of which corresponding superficial elevations (e.g. knobs) are formed on the workpiece.
- the rolling elements and the inner contour of the annular die have a basic shape that is essentially truncated, the “essentially” expressing the fact that a mathematically exact truncated cone geometry is not important.
- a truncated cone is approximated, while a slightly convex or drafted Rolling bodies having a surface are not only possible within the scope of this development, but are even very advantageous in individual cases.
- its “cone angle” changes continuously over its extent along its own axis.
- twice the cone angle of the rolling elements which have a basic shape that is essentially frustoconical—corresponds essentially to half the cone angle of the ring die.
- Such a configuration of the radial press is particularly predestined for pressing workpieces with a completely or at least approximately circularly cylindrical surface, in which case the dimensions of the radial press can be comparatively small.
- Rolling elements with a truncated cone shape are also considered to be rolling elements that are strictly truncated in shape over an extended part of their extent, but deviate from this in subordinate areas (e.g. adjacent to one end or both ends), for example rounded, cylindrical, chamfered, or the like.
- the rolling elements are not profiled at the ends deviating from a truncated cone, but rather at any position between the ends;
- the rolling elements can have, for example, (at least) one circumferential groove, as a result of which (at least) a corresponding circumferential rib is formed on the workpiece during radial deformation.
- the inner contour of the ring die and the rolling elements can be designed geometrically exactly in the shape of a truncated cone. This results in a precise and clearly defined position of the rolling elements, resulting in particularly high reproducibility of the forming process.
- a superficial relative movement of the rolling elements to the workpiece and the ring die is unavoidable—more or less pronounced depending on the individual geometric conditions; a pure rolling movement of the rolling elements on the surface of the workpiece and on the inner surface of the ring die cannot be achieved.
- roller bodies - according to another particularly preferred embodiment - be slightly crowned, with a possibly. again geometrically exact truncated cone-shaped design of the inner contour of the ring die.
- the contact pressure of the roller bodies on the workpiece and ring die is not homogeneous over their axial extent; on the contrary, it has a maximum more or less halfway along the length of the rolling elements and decreases towards both of their end faces.
- a slightly crowned design of the rolling elements can be advantageous, specifically in order to generate a stress distribution in the workpiece, with stresses decreasing towards the edges of the forming area, which can have a positive effect on the service life of the workpiece.
- the possibility of influencing the shape of the contact surface between the rolling element and the workpiece via the geometry of the rolling element - in relation to the geometry of the workpiece to be formed - can also be used to the effect that - to avoid local load peaks - a substantially rectangular contact area adjusts.
- the said "erasing" or possible adverse effects of this can, according to another particularly preferred embodiment, also reduce that - if necessary.
- the axial adjustment of the rolling body unit relative to the ring die for the purpose of infeed of the rolling bodies in the radial direction is expressed in this case in a more or less pronounced change in the angle of incidence of the rolling body axes to the pressing axis and thus a change in the geometry - depending on the degree of curvature of the inner surface of the ring die of the deformation area defined by the totality of the rolling elements (e.g. by a transition from slightly conical to circular-cylindrical).
- This can be used for a targeted influencing of the course of the radial compression, for example by targeted gradual shifting of the current area of the workpiece deformation during a complete radial compression.
- a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized by a multi-part design of the ring die in such a way that it comprises a support ring and an insert which is exchangeably accommodated in this ring and defines the inner contour.
- the radial press can be restored or refurbished with minimal use of material and time. This advantage can already be achieved by a replaceable, e.g. B.
- the radial press can be adapted to different pressing tasks (e .g . different start and/or end diameters of the workpiece) with very little effort by exchanging one insert for another insert with a different internal geometry ) adjust so that the full - provided by the axial displaceability of Ringmatri ze and rolling element unit relative to each other - radial infeed of the rolling elements for the ef fective radial deformation of the workpiece is available.
- any device that may be provided to hold the workpiece during radial pressing is expediently mounted on the base of the radial press. If the rolling elements on the workpiece have to migrate axially (possibly multiple times) during the radial compression (see above), this holding device allows the workpiece held to be axially displaced relative to the base within a specified range, for which purpose two ( Possibly adjustable ) stops are provided .
- the rolling elements are rotatably mounted on bearing pieces, which are slidably guided on sliding surfaces on the pressure ring—preferably in undercut guides of the pressure ring so that they cannot be lifted out.
- Said sliding surfaces are particularly preferably designed on the surface of exchangeable sliding bearing sheets.
- the sliding surfaces are inclined to the pressing axis, namely in the opposite direction to the tapering of the inner contour of the ring die, but ideally significantly steeper than the latter.
- the angle of the sliding surfaces relative to the pressing axis can be between 80° and 85°.
- hydrodynamic bearings of the bearing pieces on the pressure ring can also be used.
- Such a "wet" storage of the bearing pieces on a pressure fluid cushion is particularly suitable when a “wet” radial deformation of the workpiece also takes place, ie. H . a radial compression taking place while the forming zone is subjected to (lubricating and/or cooling) liquid.
- the pressure ring is part of a rolling element cage which has a wall with openings in which the rolling elements are rotatably mounted on both of their end faces.
- both end-face pivot bearings of each rolling element each include a bearing piece, which is slidably guided in an associated guide of the rolling element cage on a sliding surface.
- the base is designed in the manner of a housing, with a casing section of the base at least partially surrounding the annular matrix.
- the housing - like base offers protection for the rotating parts of the radial press as well as minimizing the risk of injury for the operator .
- the housing-like base (possibly by means of a cover or the like) is as largely or closed so comprehensively that all rotating parts are completely enclosed or are at least covered. Parts of the radial press protruding from the housing-like base (such as in particular components of the feed drive) are ideally non-rotatable/rotation-secured.
- the feed drive can include a pressure tube coaxial with the pressing axis, which acts on the pressure ring via an axial bearing and is guided on the base via a non-rotatable linear guide so as to be displaceable along the pressing axis.
- the workpiece can be insert through the pressure pipe into the processing space between the rolling elements.
- An alternative or additional accessibility of the processing space for loading it with a workpiece is that the base adjacent to the end face of the annular die associated with the smaller diameter of the inner contour has an opening extending around the pressing axis. Feeding the processing space with a workpiece through such an opening is particularly advantageous in individual cases, even from the point of view of the quality of the formed product.
- Accessibility of the processing space from both sides can be associated with particularly pronounced advantages if the radial press is part of an automated production line; because a workpiece throughput with a workpiece loading from one side and a workpiece removal to the other side of the radial press is very advantageous from the point of view of process efficiency.
- an odd number of rolling bodies is provided, so that two rolling bodies are not diametrically opposed to one another. This proves to be very advantageous with regard to the quality of the radial compression; because in this way the risk of undefined operating and load states is significantly reduced.
- the rolling body unit has pretensioning springs, which pretension the rolling bodies outwards so that they rest on the annular matrix.
- three, five or seven rolling elements prove to be very favorable, with five rolling elements preferably being provided; and the average (outer) diameter of the rolling elements is preferably between 15% and 30%, particularly preferred between 20% and 25% of the mean ( inside ) diameter of the ring die.
- the surface of the rolling elements is more or less ideally smooth, e.g. B. is polished.
- this is by no means always the case.
- yet another preferred development of the invention is characterized in that the surface of the rolling bodies is profiled.
- the rolling bodies For the radial forming of workpieces made of certain materials, it can be advantageous if the rolling bodies have a nub-like profile, which ensures a more or less selective concentration of the pressing forces, with equalization occurring by repeatedly rolling over the surface of the workpiece. Other profiles can also have a positive effect in individual cases.
- a helical profiling of the rolling bodies can prove to be advantageous for easier adjustment of the rolling bodies in the course of the radial forming process.
- Targeted roughening of the rolling element surfaces can also reduce the axial counter-holding forces on the workpiece.
- micro-serrations that extend in a closed ring shape over the respective circumference of the relevant rolling body are beneficial for the frictional connection between the rolling body and the ring die and in this way prevent the rolling body from blocking (when the rotary drive acts on the ring die).
- the surface of the inner contour of the ring die is concerned, an at least approximately ideally smooth (e.g. polished) surface is required for various common applications. Execution favorable. However, deviating configurations can also prove to be advantageous here.
- a further development that is particularly preferred in this respect is characterized in that the inner contour of the ring die is grooved, in particular by having one or has at least one helical groove. In this case, abrasion, dirt, etc. can occur without the smooth running of the rolling elements being impaired. are discharged along the groove from the running zone of the rolling elements, in which case the groove in question can in particular also be connected to a suction device for this purpose.
- perforation of the inner contour of the ring die can also prove to be advantageous, with the perforations in question also being particularly preferably connected to a suction device.
- This can be implemented particularly effectively in a radial press in which the annular die (as explained above) is constructed in several parts with a support ring and an insert that is exchangeably accommodated in this and defines the inner contour.
- a suitable ring cavity between the support ring and the insert allows the latter to be "back-ventilated” and for the removal of abrasion or Soiling is connected to the ring cavity in question via bores made in the insert. Even the introduction of local indentations (comparable to dents) in the surface of the inner contour of the ring matrix can be advantageous. Then dirt can settle there; it is removed by regular cleaning.
- the rotary drive which causes the rolling bodies to roll on the—non-rotating—workpiece. From a structural point of view, it proves to be particularly advantageous if the rotary drive acts exclusively on the ring die. In this case (comparable to the situation in a planetary gear), the rolling element unit is carried along at a correspondingly reduced speed. However, it is also conceivable that the rotary drive acts exclusively on the rolling body unit (ie the pressure ring and/or the rolling bodies), in which case (again comparable to the situation in a planetary gear) the ring die is entrained at a correspondingly increased speed.
- the rolling body unit ie the pressure ring and/or the rolling bodies
- the rotary drive it is possible to allow the rotary drive to act both on the rolling body unit and on the ring die. By influencing the direction of rotation and speed of the two components by means of a corresponding controller, it is also possible in this case to influence a possible rotation of the workpiece. Although this is the exception in typical applications, it can be advantageous in individual cases. If the rotary drive acts exclusively or at least also on the ring die, it is particularly advantageous from a static point of view and therefore aspects of manufacturing precision if the bearing of the ring die on the base comprises two spatially separate bearing units, with the point of application of the rotary drive on the ring die between the two storage units. Also with regard to the realization of the feed drive, several variants can be considered within the scope of the present invention.
- the feed drive acts exclusively on the rolling body unit, with the ring die being axially secured relative to the base.
- a reversal can also prove to be favorable insofar as the feed drive acts exclusively on the ring die, in which case the rolling body unit is secured axially relative to the base.
- both the rolling body unit and the ring die are axially displaceable relative to the base, with the feed drive acting on both the rolling body unit and the ring die.
- rolling elements that narrow at least in certain areas
- rolling elements that are essentially cylindrical or widen at least in certain areas
- a radial press designed in this way is suitable for the production of radially formed workpieces which are not to be given a cylindrical but rather a conical geometry in the zone of the radial forming.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 The same applies to a further modification of the invention explained above to the effect that the ring die does not rotate, but rather is non-rotatable with respect to the base.
- the concept on which the invention is based in the scope explained above can be modified with comparable advantages (cf. Fig. 5 and claim 27) such that the inner contour of the ring matrix - again tapering in the direction of the pressing axis ze is not rotationally symmetrical, but rather has a plurality of pocket-shaped receptacles for the rolling elements, arranged evenly around the pressing axis and inclined towards the pressing axis, with the rolling elements not rolling on the inner contour of the ring die, but rather each rolling around their own Axis rotatable and slidable along the axis of the associated pocket-shaped receptacle are mounted in the latter.
- a fluidic bearing proves to be advantageous here.
- the pocket-shaped receptacles can in particular have a part-cylindrical surface, with a cylinder axis inclined to the pressing axis.
- the cylinder axes intersect at a common point of intersection lying on the pressing axis.
- the rolling elements can be designed to taper, at least in certain areas. However, this is not mandatory. For example, they can also be designed cylindrically, which is particularly useful when the workpiece in the zone of radial deformation is not to be given a cylindrical, but rather a conical geometry.
- various of the preferred configurations described in more detail and specified in the subclaims have proven to be favorable.
- the relevant realization of the invention explained above can be defined as a radial press, comprising
- a hollow ring die rotatably mounted on this with respect to a pressing axis, with an inner contour that tapers in the direction of the pressing axis and is not rotationally symmetrical, which has a plurality of pocket-shaped receptacles for rolling elements that are arranged evenly around the pressing axis and are inclined toward the pressing axis, and
- a roller body unit that can rotate with respect to the pressing axis with a pressure ring surrounding the pressing axis and a plurality of rotationally symmetrical, if necessary.
- at least partially tapering rolling elements each of which is rotatably axially supported on the pressure ring at a variable distance from the pressing axis and is rotatably mounted in the latter so that it can rotate about its own axis and can be slid along the axis of the associated pocket-shaped receptacle, with the ring matrix ze and/or the rolling body unit is acted upon by a rotary drive which causes it to rotate about the pressing axis, and the rolling body unit and/or the ring die also being subjected to the axial adjustment of the rolling body unit and the ring die relative to each other along the pressing axis effecting feed drive acts.
- FIG. 1 in a perspective view an axial section through a first radial press according to the invention
- Fig. 2 shows a section through a radial press according to a second exemplary embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 3 an implementation of the invention in modified form
- Fig. 8 shows a partial area of the radial press according to FIG. 7 in an enlarged view
- FIG. 8a a detail of FIG. 8 in one cut .
- the radial forming of a workpiece W - exemplified by a ring 1 - serving radial press comprises as main components a housing-like base 2 with a bottom 3, a jacket section 4 and a cover 5, a base 2 by means of a first roll zlagers 6 and a second Rolling bearing 7 rotatably mounted with respect to a pressing axis X and a rolling element unit 9 rotatable with respect to the pressing axis X.
- the ring matrix 8 has an inner contour 10 that tapers in the direction of the pressing axis X and is rotationally symmetrical to the pressing axis X and has a truncated cone shape (half the cone angle approx 15°) Geometry.
- the rolling element unit 9 comprises a pressure ring 11 surrounding the pressing axis X and five truncated cone-shaped rolling elements 12 (rolling cone 13 with a double cone angle of approx. 15°) arranged around the pressing axis X, which can be rolled on the inner contour 10 of the ring die 8.
- the rolling cones 13 are rotatably supported on the pressure ring 11, with a variable distance from the pressing axis X.
- each of the rolling cones 13 is rotatably mounted by means of an associated bearing 14 on a bearing piece 15, which in turn is on the pressure ring 11 on a sliding surface 16 is slidably guided.
- the sliding surfaces 16 - arranged at the base of the bearing pieces 15 laterally enclosing guides 17 and inclined to the pressing axis X - are designed on the surface of replaceable U-shaped sliding bearing plates 18 .
- a feed drive causing the axial adjustment along the pressing axis X acts on the rolling element unit 9 .
- This includes a pressure tube 19 coaxial with the pressing axis X, on which the pressure ring 11 is supported via a tapered roller bearing 20 and which is guided on the cover 5 of the base 2 via a linear guide 21 along the pressing axis X (but secured against rotation).
- a linear actuator (not shown, designed for example as an electrical spindle drive flanged to the cover 5 of the base 2 ) acts on the pressure tube 19 .
- a rotary drive causing its rotation around the pressing axis X acts on the ring die 8 .
- This includes a rotary actuator (not shown, for example designed as an electric motor flanged to the casing section 4 of the base 2) and a drive belt 22 that couples this to the ring matrix 8, with the casing section 4 of the base 2 having an opening (not shown) for the drive belt 22 having .
- the drive belt 22 wraps around the ring matrix 8 between the first roller bearing 6, which forms a radial support for the ring matrix 8 and is designed as a ball bearing 23, and the second roller bearing, which forms an axial/radial support for the ring matrix 8 and is designed as a tapered roller bearing 24 roller bearing 7 .
- the inner ring 25 of the second roller bearing 7 is on a ring projection 27 of the bottom 3 of the base 2 which surrounds a central opening 26 of the base 2 which extends around the pressing axis X.
- Fig. 2 illustrates, within the scope of the detail relevant in this respect, a roller body unit 9 compared to FIG. 1 modified embodiment.
- the pressure ring 11 is part of a rolling element cage 28 which has an annular wall 29 with a number of openings 30 corresponding to the number of rolling elements 12 .
- a rolling body 12 is rotatably mounted on both of its end faces.
- the - again essentially truncated cone-shaped - rolling elements 12 on the front side each have a pin 31 which engages in the inner ring of a tapered roller bearing 32, the outer ring of which is in each case taken up in a bearing pot 33.
- a replaceable cup-shaped plain bearing plate 34 is placed on this, which in each case slides on a sliding surface 16 delimiting the associated opening 30 of the rolling element cage 28 .
- the cup-shaped sliding bearing plate 34 is in each case matched in terms of its dimensions to the dimensions of the opening 30 that the displacement taking place along the sliding surfaces 16 in the direction of the pressing axis X and away from it laterally, ie out in the circumferential direction.
- Fig. 2 like Fig. 1, clearly shows that despite a balance of the forces acting on the rolling cones as a result of the relative osculation of the rolling cones 13 to the (concave) inner contour 10 of the ring die 8 in the relevant There is a significantly lower surface pressure in the respective contact area than in the respective contact area of the rolling cone 13 in question on the (convex) outer contour of the workpiece W Pressure - correspondingly increased radial pressure and thus correspondingly high forming effect.
- the contact zones of the rolling cones 13 on the ring die 8 typically also taper the contact zones of the rolling cones 13 on the workpiece W slightly in the direction of the tip of the rolling cones 13, which can possibly be used technically for an increasing pressure in this direction.
- FIG. 3 as a modification to the exemplary embodiments of the invention illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, it is not the ring die 8.1 on which the rotary drive acts, but rather the rolling body unit 9.1.
- the drive belt 22 loops around a sleeve 35 formed onto the pressure ring 11.1 of the rolling element unit 9.1, which sleeve 35 also serves to support the rolling element unit 9.1 so that it can rotate with respect to the pressing axis X—taking place via two roller bearings 36.
- the feed drive does not act on the rolling body unit 9.1, but rather on the annular die 8.1.
- the feed drive is designed hydraulically, in that an annular collar 37 provided on the outer circumference of the ring die 8.1 is guided in a sealing manner in a cylindrical bore 38 of the base 2.1 and subdivides this into two opposing hydraulic working chambers 40, each of which can be pressurized via a fluid connection 39 .
- the ring die 8.1 is not designed for rotation about the pressing axis X in this specific embodiment, which means that the workpiece W rotates under the influence of the rolling elements 12.1 rolling on it and on the inner contour 10.1 of the ring die 8.1.
- the modification illustrated in FIG. 4 differs from that according to FIG. 3 essentially only by the shape of the rolling bodies 12.2. Because these are cylindrical here. In this way, the radially deformed workpiece W is not given a cylindrical shape in the deformation zone, but rather a conical shape, corresponding to the conical inner contour 10.2 of the ring die 8.2. Otherwise, particularly with regard to the other aspects of the rolling element unit 9.2 including the pressure ring 11.2 and those of the base 2.2, reference is made to the above explanations for FIGS. 1-3.
- the modification illustrated in FIG. 5 is conceptually based on that shown in FIG.
- the decisive differences relate to the ring matrix 8.3, specifically as follows: the inner contour 10.3 of the ring matrix 8.3 is not rotationally symmetrical here; Rather, it has pocket-shaped pockets which are arranged uniformly around the pressing axis X and are inclined relative to the pressing axis X Shots 41 for the rolling elements 12.3.
- the - again cylindrical - rolling elements 12.3 thus do not roll on the inner contour 10.3 of the ring die 8.3, but they each rotate about their own axis in the associated receptacle 41, the inner surface of which corresponds to a cylinder segment that partially encloses the associated rolling elements 12.3.
- the annular die 8.3 is rotatably accommodated in a bearing sleeve 43, via two roller bearings 42, which in turn is accommodated in the base 2.3 so as to be displaceable along the pressing axis X.
- the feed drive is again designed hydraulically, for example, in that an annular collar 44 provided on the outer circumference of the bearing sleeve 43 is guided in a sealing manner in a cylindrical bore 45 of the base 2.3 and divides this into two opposing hydraulic working chambers 47, each of which can be pressurized via a fluid connection 46.
- an electric feed drive (for example via an electric spindle drive) could also be easily implemented, as was already the case with the radial presses according to FIGS.
- the workpieces to be formed can typically be fixed in a non-rotatable and non-rotatable manner with respect to the (again housing-like) base 2 above detailed explanations of others
- FIGS. 6 and 7 Two special design features are illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7.
- the inner contour 10 of the ring die 8 is not mathematically exactly in the shape of a truncated cone, but rather (cf. the radius R) is slightly crowned.
- Fig. 7 has the inner contour 10 of the ring matrix 8 spiral or. helically applied, the removal of abrasion, dirt or the like serving grooves 53.
- FIGS. 8 and 8a which show a partial area of the radial press according to FIG. 7 show an enlarged view
- the guidance of the roller cones 13 in the roller cage 28 can be seen particularly well.
- the sliding mounting of the bearing pieces 49 on sliding bearing plates 53 can be seen.
- the bearing pieces each spring by means of two return springs 54 are prestressed radially outwards in the form of helical compression springs, so that the roller cones 13 are constantly in contact with the inner contour 10 of the ring matrix 8 .
- the - in Fig . 8a for the sake of illustration, restoring springs 54 are accommodated in cavities 55 of approximately cylindrical shape, each of which is defined by two semi-cylinders.
- a first half-cylinder 56 is designed to the side of the respective bearing piece 49 and delimited radially on the outside by a base 57; the other, corresponding half-cylinder 58 is formed on the roller bearing cage 28 and delimited radially on the inside by a base 59 .
- the restoring spring 54 accommodated in the respective cavity 55 is thus supported on the one hand on the base 57 of the relevant half cylinder 56 and on the other hand on the base 59 of the corresponding half cylinder 58 . Otherwise, the details of FIGS. 8 and 8a will be apparent to a person skilled in the art from the above explanations of the other figures.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102020125890.9A DE102020125890B3 (de) | 2020-10-02 | 2020-10-02 | Radialpresse |
PCT/EP2021/077257 WO2022069760A1 (de) | 2020-10-02 | 2021-10-04 | Radialpresse |
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EP21789637.2A Pending EP4221968A1 (de) | 2020-10-02 | 2021-10-04 | Radialpresse |
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US (1) | US20230234314A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP4221968A1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN116472127A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102020125890B3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2022069760A1 (de) |
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CN115090739B (zh) * | 2022-06-10 | 2023-03-31 | 西安交通大学 | 一种内向旋压制备薄壁无缝管的装置 |
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DE3513129A1 (de) | 1985-04-12 | 1986-10-23 | Peter Dipl.-Ing. 6000 Frankfurt Schröck | Radialpresse mit mehreren sternfoermig angeordneten druckmittelantrieben |
DE4135465A1 (de) | 1991-10-28 | 1993-04-29 | Schroeck Peter Dipl Ing Fh | Radialpresse mit zwei radial gegeneinander beweglichen pressenjochen |
DE29500338U1 (de) | 1995-01-12 | 1996-02-15 | Novopress Gmbh | Preßgerät |
US6018972A (en) | 1997-11-11 | 2000-02-01 | Sango Co., Ltd | Method and apparatus for forming an end portion of a cylindrical member |
DE29824688U1 (de) | 1998-04-22 | 2002-08-01 | Uniflex Hydraulik Gmbh | Radialpresse |
DE19940744B4 (de) | 1999-08-27 | 2008-11-06 | Uniflex-Hydraulik Gmbh | Radialpresse |
DE19944141C1 (de) | 1999-09-15 | 2001-01-04 | Peter Schroeck | Radialpresse für das Verpressen von Hochdruckschläuchen mit rotationssymmetrischen Hohlkörpern von Schlaucharmaturen |
DE20023234U1 (de) | 2000-09-04 | 2003-07-17 | Knipping Daniel | Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer unlösbaren Verbindung zwischen dem Endbereich eines Rohres und einem Verbindungselement |
ITBS20010040U1 (it) | 2001-04-23 | 2002-10-23 | Op Srl | Pressa radiale per la raccordatura di tubi flessibili oleodinamici |
DE10149924A1 (de) | 2001-10-10 | 2003-04-30 | Uniflex Hydraulik Gmbh | Radialpresse |
DE102005029681A1 (de) * | 2005-06-23 | 2006-12-28 | Universität Dortmund | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Fügen nicht-rotationssymmetrischer Hohlprofile durch Weiten mit Formkörpern |
DE102005034260B3 (de) | 2005-07-22 | 2006-07-27 | Schröck-Horn, Ursula | Radialpresse zum Verpressen von rotationssymmetrischen Hohlkörpern |
DE102005041487A1 (de) | 2005-08-30 | 2007-04-05 | Ekf Werkzeug Und Maschinenbau Gmbh | Radialpresse |
DE102009057726A1 (de) | 2009-12-10 | 2011-06-16 | Uniflex-Hydraulik Gmbh | Radialpresse |
DE102011015654A1 (de) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-10-04 | Uniflex-Hydraulik Gmbh | Radialpresse |
DE102011015770A1 (de) | 2011-04-01 | 2012-10-04 | Uniflex-Hydraulik Gmbh | Radialpresse |
DE102014008613A1 (de) | 2014-06-06 | 2015-12-17 | Uniflex-Hydraulik Gmbh | Radialpresse |
DE102014012485B3 (de) | 2014-08-27 | 2015-09-03 | Uniflex-Hydraulik Gmbh | Radialpresse |
DE102014014585B3 (de) | 2014-10-07 | 2015-10-29 | Uniflex-Hydraulik Gmbh | Radialpresse |
DE202016100660U1 (de) | 2016-02-10 | 2016-02-17 | Uniflex-Hydraulik Gmbh | Radialpresse |
DE202016008097U1 (de) | 2016-02-10 | 2017-02-02 | Uniflex-Hydraulik Gmbh | Radialpresse |
DE102016106650B4 (de) | 2016-04-12 | 2021-09-16 | Uniflex-Hydraulik Gmbh | Radialpresse |
-
2020
- 2020-10-02 DE DE102020125890.9A patent/DE102020125890B3/de active Active
-
2021
- 2021-10-04 EP EP21789637.2A patent/EP4221968A1/de active Pending
- 2021-10-04 WO PCT/EP2021/077257 patent/WO2022069760A1/de active Application Filing
- 2021-10-04 CN CN202180078516.6A patent/CN116472127A/zh active Pending
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2023
- 2023-03-31 US US18/129,475 patent/US20230234314A1/en active Pending
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WO2022069760A1 (de) | 2022-04-07 |
CN116472127A (zh) | 2023-07-21 |
US20230234314A1 (en) | 2023-07-27 |
DE102020125890B3 (de) | 2022-03-10 |
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