EP4205861A1 - Apparatus for spraying concrete - Google Patents
Apparatus for spraying concrete Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP4205861A1 EP4205861A1 EP22216860.1A EP22216860A EP4205861A1 EP 4205861 A1 EP4205861 A1 EP 4205861A1 EP 22216860 A EP22216860 A EP 22216860A EP 4205861 A1 EP4205861 A1 EP 4205861A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- concrete
- lance
- supply
- water
- designed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/14—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas designed for spraying particulate materials
- B05B7/1481—Spray pistols or apparatus for discharging particulate material
- B05B7/149—Spray pistols or apparatus for discharging particulate material with separate inlets for a particulate material and a liquid to be sprayed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/28—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with integral means for shielding the discharged liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to limit area of spray; with integral means for catching drips or collecting surplus liquid or other fluent material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
- B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
- B05B7/0807—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets
- B05B7/0815—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets with at least one gas jet intersecting a jet constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid for controlling the shape of the latter
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
- B28C5/02—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions without using driven mechanical means effecting the mixing
- B28C5/026—Mixing guns or nozzles; Injector mixers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings increasing the durability of linings or breaking away linings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
- B05B12/14—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for supplying a selected one of a plurality of liquids or other fluent materials or several in selected proportions to a spray apparatus, e.g. to a single spray outlet
- B05B12/1418—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for supplying a selected one of a plurality of liquids or other fluent materials or several in selected proportions to a spray apparatus, e.g. to a single spray outlet for supplying several liquids or other fluent materials in selected proportions to a single spray outlet
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
- B05B7/12—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F21/00—Implements for finishing work on buildings
- E04F21/02—Implements for finishing work on buildings for applying plasticised masses to surfaces, e.g. plastering walls
- E04F21/06—Implements for applying plaster, insulating material, or the like
- E04F21/08—Mechanical implements
- E04F21/12—Mechanical implements acting by gas pressure, e.g. steam pressure
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for spraying concrete according to the features of claim 1.
- Blast furnace chutes have a refractory lining that is subject to constant wear and tear and must be continuously repaired. This repair is z. B. by shotcrete. The shotcrete sets immediately in contact with the hot channel lining. Therefore, the necessary technology for introducing shotcrete is usually available in the area of a blast furnace.
- a mixer is usually used to mix the shotcrete.
- the mixer is fed with a fine-grained material, resulting in a flowable mass.
- This flowable mass is then transported from the mixer to a concrete pump.
- the concrete pump typically conveys the material over a Double piston system in a delivery hose.
- the conveying hose often has a diameter of 120 mm. This makes it very difficult to handle.
- the operation of the system requires a relatively large number of personnel. One person has to start the concrete mixer, another person the pump and two people have to carry the relatively heavy hose with the nozzle. The work is physically difficult and laborious.
- Another disadvantage of this system is the relatively high water consumption for cleaning the machine. Concrete is always lost when cleaning, as both the pump and the mixer and, of course, the delivery hoses have to be cleaned. On average, around 300 kg of concrete accumulates and has to be disposed of. Apart from the concrete losses, the outlay on equipment for such an arrangement for introducing shotcrete is also relatively high.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of demonstrating a device for spraying concrete that is significantly easier to handle and, in particular, can be operated more cost-effectively.
- the invention solves this problem with a device having the features of claim 1.
- the device according to the invention for spraying concrete firstly comprises a delivery line which is set up and designed to receive concrete from an inlet end and to convey it to its outlet end.
- the concrete is fed to a lance, which in turn is set up and designed to discharge the concrete by spraying.
- the special advantages of the invention result in particular from the design of the lance.
- the lance has an entry end for the concrete being fed from the conveyor line and a water supply adjacent the entry end.
- the water supply is arranged and designed to introduce water into the lance so that the dry concrete mix mixes with the water in the lance and the flowability of the concrete in the lance is increased.
- a dry refractory mass can therefore be used as the concrete mix, which is usually transported by means of a pneumatic conveyor. It is not mandatory to use a completely dry refractory mass. It is sufficient to use a relatively dry or only slightly damp concrete mix. This relatively dry concrete mixture, which is also referred to below as dry concrete, is transported with air from the pneumatic conveying source in the direction of the lance.
- a binder supply is located in the area of the lance at a distance from the water supply.
- the binder supply is set up and designed to introduce a binder into the water-enriched concrete.
- Water glass or potassium silicate, for example can be used as a binder. This mixture, which was only produced shortly before the actual discharge, can now be applied.
- the binder is also fed in at a relatively late point in time, which means that the dry concrete in the delivery line can be particularly dry. It does not have to transport binding agent or water in the quantities required for setting.
- the lance is therefore significantly lighter than a delivery line with a cross-section of 120 mm, which is also filled with a wet concrete mix. As a result, the lance can be held and operated by just one person, which is a major handling advantage.
- the lance also has an air supply as a special feature, which should not be confused with an air supply for conveying the concrete mix, but is set up and designed to form an annular air flow that determines the size of a spray cone of the concrete emerging from the lance.
- the ring-shaped air flow which can also be referred to as an air ring, acts like a nozzle jacket that surrounds the material flow.
- a conventional, refractory pourable concrete can be used in order to apply it with the device according to the invention, ie to spray it.
- the preparation of the concrete mix is much easier.
- No double-piston pump or mixer is required. Fewer staff are required.
- the corresponding systems do not have to be transported and installed. With fewer system components, there are fewer hoses and less cleaning effort.
- Another advantage is that there is no loss of concrete.
- the finished mixture is produced shortly before exiting the lance.
- the water consumption for cleaning the hoisting machine is also significantly lower, especially since the dry concrete is only conveyed pneumatically in the conveying line.
- the high proportion of air in the conveying section reduces the weight of the conveying line per metre.
- a concrete conveyor machine is usually always present in the area of blast furnaces. It is used for gutter repairs with a special gunning compound.
- cast concrete has the advantage over this special gunning compound that it is denser and of a higher quality. The more densely the wall of the channel can be lined, the less slag and iron can penetrate the wall and wear out the wall. The concrete is usually applied to the hot channel and hardens immediately. The less water there is in the concrete mix, the faster the concrete hardens.
- a further advantage of the method according to the invention is that there is no need to encase the channel wall. If formwork can be dispensed with, stripping can also be omitted. With the invention, therefore, intermediate repairs of the channel are possible quickly and easily. Downtimes of the blast furnace can be significantly reduced.
- the device according to the invention is also particularly suitable for spraying coarse-grained material with a grain size of up to 19 mm.
- material of this Grain cannot be processed with double piston pumps because they would block.
- the very low water content of the material leads to a higher density and thus to a higher quality of the improvement work on the channel.
- a nozzle ring is arranged at an outlet end of the lance, which is set up and designed to form the annular air flow that surrounds the material flow of the concrete emerging from the outlet end of the lance.
- the nozzle ring can have several individual nozzles.
- the individual nozzles can also be axially oriented openings in a circular ring plate.
- a nozzle ring within the meaning of the invention is also an axially open annular space with a single annular opening from which an air flow exits in a ring shape in order to surround the material flow.
- the annular opening can have a gap width of preferably 2 to 6 mm, in particular 3 to 5 mm, measured in the radial direction of the lance.
- the nozzle ring protrudes by a length in relation to the outlet end for the concrete to be sprayed.
- the air flow is guided on the outside by the nozzle ring.
- the nozzle ring protrudes by a length that is greater than the diameter of the lance.
- the length of the nozzle ring in front of the outlet end is 50 to 100 mm, preferably 60 to 80 mm.
- the nozzle ring is attached to the lance and therefore also surrounds an end region of the lance in front of the exit end. This end area is preferably at least as long as the length of the nozzle ring in front of the outlet end.
- a cylindrical tube can be used as the nozzle ring, which is slightly larger in diameter than the lance and that in the sufficiently long annular space between the outside of the lance and the inside of the nozzle ring, there is a space around the entire circumference of the nozzle ring homogeneous axially oriented annular air flow can be generated, which directs the material to be discharged.
- the annular airflow is oriented axially and does not face into the flow of exiting material.
- the air flow envelops the material flow, thereby focusing the jet and making a very effective contribution to guiding the material flow.
- the ring-shaped air flow preferably has a constant diameter, which is directly adjacent to the material flow.
- the connected air flow preferably has a pressure of approx. 5 to 6 bar.
- a nozzle ring is arranged at an outlet end of the lance, which is adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the lance.
- the nozzle ring is designed and configured to adjust the size of the spray cone of the concrete. The further the nozzle ring is pulled back in the direction of the lance, the larger the spray cone becomes. If the nozzle ring is pushed further forward, the spray cone of the concrete is reduced.
- the air supply is advantageously used to form an annular air flow in the annular space between the nozzle ring and the lance, so that the size of the spray cone can be controlled by controlling the air flow alone without adjusting the nozzle ring.
- the annular space has a plurality of openings distributed over its circumference, via which it is connected to an air distribution chamber that adjoins the annular space.
- the openings can be bores with a diameter of 3 to 10 mm, which are distributed in a radial plane over the circumference, e.g. at an angular distance of 30° to 60°.
- the openings are spaced from the exit end of the lance so that the air in the annular gap is first evenly distributed and then diverted towards the exit end to form the desired annular air flow there.
- the air flow is dimensioned in such a way that the concrete flows through the nozzle ring without touching it. If the air flow is interrupted, the pourable concrete would flow out of the nozzle ring rather than being spattered.
- the airflow is essential for the transport of the concrete following the discharge end of the lance. The air flow that carries the concrete through the lance to the outlet end is only used for transport to and in the lance.
- the water supply is ring-shaped, so that the water can be supplied to the concrete distributed over the circumference.
- the water supply is therefore preferably an annular nozzle arrangement with a plurality of outlet openings for the water arranged over the circumference of the flow channel. Due to the even supply of water, the dry mix of the concrete is wetted as evenly as possible and bonds with the concrete.
- the binder is supplied in the direction of flow at a distance from the water supply.
- the binder feed is also designed in the form of a ring, so that the binder can also be fed to the concrete previously mixed with water, distributed over the circumference.
- the distance between the binder supply and the water supply can be 50 cm to 2 m.
- the mixing section only has to be long enough for the water to be sufficiently mixed with the relatively dry concrete mixture and for the binding agent to be absorbed evenly.
- the quality of the finished concrete mixture depends largely on the addition of water and binder.
- the supply can be regulated via valves.
- these valves for opening and closing the water supply, the binding agent supply and the air supply are located directly on the lance.
- the operator of the lance can control all three valve positions and readjust them while spraying the concrete in order to create an optimal mixing ratio for the concrete.
- valve for the water supply and the valve for the binding agent supply are arranged adjacent to one another at a distance of less than 30 cm, so that an operator of the lance only needs one hand to operate both valves while he is holding the spear with the other hand.
- the device according to the invention is designed for one-man operation. If the valves needed to operate are in close proximity, the concrete can continue spraying while the operator adjusts or dials the valve positions to get the right mix ratio.
- valve for the air supply is also arranged at a distance of less than 30 cm from the other valves, so that an operator of the lance only needs one hand to operate the valves while he is working with holding the spear in his other hand. Also this one
- the concept is based on one-man operation of the device and in particular the lance. For ergonomic reasons, all necessary settings for operating the lance or the spraying device can be combined in such a way that the operator can always hold the lance with one hand and does not have to interrupt his work when the valves are actuated.
- the invention provides that the valve for the water supply, the valve for the binding agent supply and the valve for the air supply can be actuated via a single common actuating lever. All three gas and liquid flows can be stopped and started via a common actuating lever in the sense of a start-stop function.
- the respective valve positions can preferably be adjusted independently of one another in such a way that the desired mixing ratio results.
- the respective valve position can be adjusted independently of the actuating lever.
- the lance has a cable cross-section of less than 50 mm, so that the lance can be carried and operated by a single person.
- the line cross-section of less than 50 mm preferably also continues in the area of the delivery line.
- the lance preferably has a diameter of 40 mm to 45 mm.
- the lance according to the invention is set up and designed in particular to discharge refractory concrete and in particular to apply it to a hot launder of a melting furnace.
- the concrete used is, in particular a dry concrete, which can be transported by means of air within the conveyor line. There is no lower limit to the grit.
- dry concrete with a grain size of up to 19 mm can be processed.
- the rotor spraying machine includes a remote control for start-stop with regard to the concrete to be conveyed and the conveying air for conveying the concrete, with the remote control being arranged in the area of the valves for the water supply, the binding agent supply and the air supply .
- the remote control and the valves can be actuated via a common actuating element.
- the figure 1 shows a device 1 for pointed concrete with a delivery line 2 in the form of a flexible transport hose.
- the transport hose has a diameter of preferably less than 50 mm, in particular a diameter of 45 mm.
- a dry concrete mixture 3 is introduced pneumatically via a rotor spraying machine 4 into an inlet end 5 of the conveying line 2 and transported to the outlet end 6 thereof.
- the outlet end 6 is followed by a water supply 7 which is designed and set up to introduce water into a mixing section 8 which follows in the direction of flow of the concrete mixture 3 .
- the water supply 7 is ring-shaped, so that the water can be fed to the concrete distributed over the circumference. Several entry points for the water in the area of the water supply 7 are shown symbolically. It is an annular arrangement which surrounds the mixing zone 8 .
- a ring-shaped binder supply for example for the supply of silicate or water glass.
- the binder feed 9 is followed by a further mixing section 10 and finally an annular air feed 11.
- the air feed 11 builds an annular Air flow 12 between an outer casing of the lance 13 and a nozzle ring 14 that can be adjusted in the longitudinal direction of the lance 13 .
- the size of the spray cone of the concrete can be influenced.
- the figure 1 shows that valves 15, 16, 17 for the supply of water, binder and air are arranged relatively close together, in this case in the area of binder supply 9.
- the binder supply 9 is located approximately in the middle area between the upstream mixing section 8 and in the direction of flow downstream mixing section 10.
- the valves 15, 16, 17 are arranged so that they can be easily operated by a single person carrying the lance 13.
- the distance between the valves 15, 16, 17 is preferably of the order of less than 30 cm.
- the actuation of the valves 15, 16, 17 can be combined with one another, so that a single-lever operation of all three material flows is possible.
- the air and material supply to the rotor spraying machine 4 can also be controlled via a remote control 18 for the rotor spraying machine 4 .
- FIG 2 shows an alternative embodiment of a lance 13, where for components with the same function as in figure 1 used reference symbols are retained.
- the front end of the lance 13 is shown in longitudinal section.
- the lance 13 extends to its outlet end 22, at which the concrete mixture 3 emerges as a material flow M according to the central arrow shown.
- the air supply 11 is shown on the lance 13 .
- the air supply 11 includes a nozzle ring 14. It is a circular-cylindrical tube that is slightly larger in diameter than the lance 13 and delimits an annular space 21 with the lance 13.
- Annulus 21 is a narrow gap of width S1. In this case, the width S1 is 3 mm.
- the diameter D1 of the lance 13 is 40 mm.
- the annular space 21 is open to the outlet end 22 of the concrete mixture 3 of the lance 13 . Its other axial end is closed.
- the annular space 21 is surrounded by an air distribution chamber 19 over the entire circumference.
- An air line 24 for air supply is connected to the air distributor chamber 29 radially on the outside. Openings 24 are distributed over the inner circumference of the air distribution chamber 19 .
- air from the air distribution chamber 19 flows radially evenly from all sides into the annular space 21.
- the air is deflected in the axial direction, so that a purely axially oriented air flow 12 is generated at the outlet end 22, which is guided parallel to the material flow M.
- the air flow 12 is not directed into the material flow M, ie there are no means on the nozzle ring 13 which cause the air flow to be at an acute angle to the material flow.
- the air stream 12 is guided beyond the exit end 12 by the nozzle ring 14 in that the nozzle ring 14 extends beyond the exit end 12 .
- This cylindrical end section 23 of the nozzle ring 14 has a length L1 which is greater than the diameter D1 of the lance 13. It is 70 mm in this case.
- the air flow 23 flows along the inside 25 of the end section 23 parallel to the material flow M.
- the material flow M is encased overall by the air flow 12 guided in parallel.
- the air flow 12 is not directed into the material flow M.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
Abstract
Die vorliegende Anmeldung betrifft eine Vorrichtung 1 zum Spritzen von Beton mit folgenden Merkmalen:a) eine Förderleitung 2, die dazu eingerichtet und ausgebildet ist, von einem Eintrittsende 5 Beton aufzunehmen und zu ihrem anderen Austrittsende 6 zu leiten,b) eine Lanze 13, die dazu eingerichtet und ausgebildet ist, den Beton durch Spritzen auszutragen;c) die Lanze 13 besitzt ein Eintrittsende für den von der Förderleitung 2 zugeführten Beton und eine diesem Eintrittsende benachbarte Wasserzufuhr 7, wobei die Wasserzufuhr 7 dazu eingerichtet und ausgebildet ist, Wasser in die Lanze 13 einzubringen, so dass sich der Beton mit dem Wasser in der Lanze 13 mischt und die Fließfähigkeit des Betons innerhalb der Lanze 13 erhöht wird;f) in Strömungsrichtung des Betons im Abstand zur Wasserzufuhr 7 ist eine Bindemittelzufuhr 9 an die Lanze 13 angeschlossen, wobei die Bindemittelzufuhr 9 dazu eingerichtet und ausgebildet ist, ein Bindemittel in den mit Wasser angereicherten Beton einzubringen;g) im Abstand von der Bindemittelzufuhr 9 ist eine Luftzufuhr 11 an die Lanze 13 angeschlossen, die dazu eingerichtet und ausgebildet ist einen ringförmigen Luftstrom 12 auszubilden, der die Größe eine Sprühkegels des aus der Lanze 13 austretenden Betons bestimmt.The present application relates to a device 1 for spraying concrete with the following features: a) a conveyor line 2, which is set up and designed to receive concrete from an inlet end 5 and to direct it to its other outlet end 6, b) a lance 13, the is set up and designed to discharge the concrete by spraying; c) the lance 13 has an inlet end for the concrete fed in from the delivery line 2 and a water supply 7 adjacent to this inlet end, the water supply 7 being set up and designed to pump water into the lance 13 so that the concrete mixes with the water in the lance 13 and the flowability of the concrete within the lance 13 is increased; the binder supply 9 is set up and configured to introduce a binder into the water-enriched concrete;g) at a distance from the binder supply 9, an air supply 11 is connected to the lance 13, which is set up and configured to form an annular air flow 12 which the size of a spray cone of the concrete emerging from the lance 13 is determined.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Spritzen von Beton gemäß den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a device for spraying concrete according to the features of claim 1.
Rinnen von Hochöfen sind mit einer feuerfesten Auskleidung versehen, die einem ständigen Verschleiß unterliegen und kontinuierlich repariert werden müssen. Diese Reparatur erfolgt z. B. durch Spritzbeton. Der Spritzbeton bindet in Kontakt mit der heißen Rinnenauskleidung sofort ab. Daher steht im Bereich eines Hochofens in der Regel die notwendige Technik zum Einbringen von Spritzbeton zur Verfügung.Blast furnace chutes have a refractory lining that is subject to constant wear and tear and must be continuously repaired. This repair is z. B. by shotcrete. The shotcrete sets immediately in contact with the hot channel lining. Therefore, the necessary technology for introducing shotcrete is usually available in the area of a blast furnace.
Üblicherweise wird zum Anmischen des Spritzbetons ein Mischer verwendet. Der Mischer wird mit einem feinkörnigen Material beschickt, so dass eine fließfähige Masse entsteht. Diese fließfähige Masse wird dann von dem Mischer zu einer Betonpumpe transportiert. Die Betonpumpe befördert das Material typischerweise über ein Doppelkolbensystem in einen Förderschlauch. Der Förderschlauch besitzt häufig einen Durchmesser von 120 mm. Er ist dadurch sehr schwer in der Handhabung. Die Bedienung des Systems erfordert relativ viel Personal. Eine Person muss den Betonmischer starten, eine andere Person die Pumpe und zwei Personen müssen den relativ schweren Schlauch mit der Düse tragen. Die Arbeit ist körperlich schwer und aufwendig.A mixer is usually used to mix the shotcrete. The mixer is fed with a fine-grained material, resulting in a flowable mass. This flowable mass is then transported from the mixer to a concrete pump. The concrete pump typically conveys the material over a Double piston system in a delivery hose. The conveying hose often has a diameter of 120 mm. This makes it very difficult to handle. The operation of the system requires a relatively large number of personnel. One person has to start the concrete mixer, another person the pump and two people have to carry the relatively heavy hose with the nozzle. The work is physically difficult and laborious.
Ein weiterer Nachteil an diesem System ist ein relativ hoher Wasserverbrauch für die Reinigung der Maschine. Beim Reinigen fallen immer Betonverluste an, da sowohl die Pumpe, als auch der Mischer und selbstverständlich auch die Förderschläuche gereinigt werden müssen. Im Durchschnitt fallen ca. 300 kg Beton an, die entsorgt werden müssen. Abgesehen von den Betonverlusten ist auch der apparative Aufwand für eine solche Anordnung zum Einbringen von Spritzbeton relativ hoch.Another disadvantage of this system is the relatively high water consumption for cleaning the machine. Concrete is always lost when cleaning, as both the pump and the mixer and, of course, the delivery hoses have to be cleaned. On average, around 300 kg of concrete accumulates and has to be disposed of. Apart from the concrete losses, the outlay on equipment for such an arrangement for introducing shotcrete is also relatively high.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde eine Vorrichtung zum Spritzen von Beton aufzuzeigen, die wesentlich einfacher in der Handhabung ist und insbesondere kostengünstiger betrieben werden kann.The invention is therefore based on the object of demonstrating a device for spraying concrete that is significantly easier to handle and, in particular, can be operated more cost-effectively.
Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe durch eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1.The invention solves this problem with a device having the features of claim 1.
Die Unteransprüche betreffen vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung.The dependent claims relate to advantageous developments of the invention.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Spritzen von Beton umfasst zunächst eine Förderleitung, die dazu eingerichtet und ausgebildet ist, von einem Eintrittsende Beton aufzunehmen und zu ihrem Austrittsende zu leiten. Der Beton wird einer Lanze zugeführt, die wiederrum dazu eingerichtet und ausgebildet ist, den Beton durch Spritzen auszutragen. Die besonderen Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich insbesondere durch die Gestaltung der Lanze. Die Lanze besitzt ein Eintrittsende für den von der Förderleitung zugeführten Beton und eine diesem Eintrittsende benachbarte Wasserzufuhr. Die Wasserzufuhr ist dazu eingerichtet und ausgebildet Wasser in die Lanze einzubringen, so dass sich die trockene Betonmischung mit dem Wasser in der Lanze mischt und die Fließfähigkeit des Betons in der Lanze erhöht wird.The device according to the invention for spraying concrete firstly comprises a delivery line which is set up and designed to receive concrete from an inlet end and to convey it to its outlet end. The concrete is fed to a lance, which in turn is set up and designed to discharge the concrete by spraying. The special advantages of the invention result in particular from the design of the lance. The lance has an entry end for the concrete being fed from the conveyor line and a water supply adjacent the entry end. The water supply is arranged and designed to introduce water into the lance so that the dry concrete mix mixes with the water in the lance and the flowability of the concrete in the lance is increased.
Aufgrund der Tatsache, dass das Wasser erst in der Lanze der Betonmischung zugeführt wird, ist die Betonmischung im Förderschlauch bis zur Wasserzufuhr trockener und damit auch erheblich leichter. Dadurch ist die Lanze auch ingesamt leichter in der manuellen Handhabung. Es kann daher als Betonmischung eine trockene feuerfeste Masse verwendet werden, die üblicherweise mittels eines pneumatischen Förderers transportiert wird. Es ist nicht zwingend erforderlich, eine komplett trockene feuerfeste Masse zu verwenden. Es ist ausreichend, eine relativ trockene oder nur leicht feuchte Betonmischung zu verwenden. Diese relativ trockene Betonmischung, die nachfolgend auch als Trockenbeton bezeichnet wird, wird mit Luft von der pneumatischen Förderquelle in Richtung Lanze transportiert.Due to the fact that the water is only added to the concrete mixture in the lance, the concrete mixture in the delivery hose is drier up to the point where the water is fed in and is therefore also considerably lighter. This also makes the lance easier to handle overall. A dry refractory mass can therefore be used as the concrete mix, which is usually transported by means of a pneumatic conveyor. It is not mandatory to use a completely dry refractory mass. It is sufficient to use a relatively dry or only slightly damp concrete mix. This relatively dry concrete mixture, which is also referred to below as dry concrete, is transported with air from the pneumatic conveying source in the direction of the lance.
Im Bereich der Lanze befindet sich im Abstand zu der Wasserzufuhr eine Bindemittelzufuhr. Die Bindemittelzufuhr ist dazu eingerichtet und ausgebildet ein Bindemittel in den mit Wasser angereicherten Beton einzubringen. Als Bindemittel kann beispielsweise Waserglas oder Kaliumsilikat verwendet werden. Nun kann diese erst kurz vor dem eigentlichen Austritt hergestellte Mischung ausgebracht werden. Auch die Zufuhr des Bindemittels erfolgt zu einem relativ späten Zeitpunkt, wodurch der Trockenbeton in der Förderleitung besonders trocken sein kann. Er muss weder Bindemittel noch Wasser in den zum Abbinden notwendigen Mengen transportieren. Dadurch ist es möglich, die Förderleitung und die Lanze mit einem vergleichsweise geringen Querschnitt auszustatten von beispielsweise weniger als 50 mm, insbesondere mit einem Querschnitt von 45 mm. Die Lanze ist dadurch wesentlich leichter als eine Förderleitung mit einem Querschnitt von 120 mm, die zudem noch mit einer nassen Betonmischung gefüllt ist. Dadurch kann die Lanze von nur einer einzigen Person gehalten und bedient werden, was ein wesentlicher Handhabungsvorteil ist.A binder supply is located in the area of the lance at a distance from the water supply. The binder supply is set up and designed to introduce a binder into the water-enriched concrete. Water glass or potassium silicate, for example, can be used as a binder. This mixture, which was only produced shortly before the actual discharge, can now be applied. The binder is also fed in at a relatively late point in time, which means that the dry concrete in the delivery line can be particularly dry. It does not have to transport binding agent or water in the quantities required for setting. This makes it possible to equip the conveying line and the lance with a comparatively small cross section of, for example, less than 50 mm, in particular with a cross section of 45 mm. The lance is therefore significantly lighter than a delivery line with a cross-section of 120 mm, which is also filled with a wet concrete mix. As a result, the lance can be held and operated by just one person, which is a major handling advantage.
Die Lanze besitzt darüber hinaus als besonderes Merkmal eine Luftzufuhr, die nicht mit einer Luftzufuhr zur Förderung der Betonmischung zu verwechseln ist, sondern dazu eingerichtet und ausgebildet ist, einen ringförmigen Luftstrom auszubilden, der die Größe eines Sprühkegels des aus der Lanze austretenden Betons bestimmt. Damit kann der klassische feuerfeste Gießbeton besonders zielgerichtet verarbeitet werden. Der ringförmige Luftstrom, der auch als Luftring bezeichnet werden kann, wirkt wie ein Düsenmantel, der den Materialstrom umgibt.The lance also has an air supply as a special feature, which should not be confused with an air supply for conveying the concrete mix, but is set up and designed to form an annular air flow that determines the size of a spray cone of the concrete emerging from the lance. This allows the classic refractory cast concrete to be processed in a particularly targeted manner. The ring-shaped air flow, which can also be referred to as an air ring, acts like a nozzle jacket that surrounds the material flow.
Es ist ein wesentlicher Vorteil der Erfindung, dass keine Kosten für die Entwicklung eines neuartigen Spezialspritzbetons erforderlich sind. Es kann ein herkömmlicher, feuerfester Gießbeton verwendet werden, um diesen mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung auszubringen, das heißt zu Spritzen. Zudem ist die Vorbereitung der Betonmischung wesentlich einfacher. Es ist keine Doppelkolbenpumpe und auch kein Mischer erforderlich. Es ist weniger Personal erforderlich. Die entsprechenden Anlagen müssen nicht transportiert und installiert werden. Durch weniger Anlagenkomponenten gibt es weniger Schläuche und einen geringen Reinigungsaufwand.It is an essential advantage of the invention that no costs are required for the development of a new type of special shotcrete. A conventional, refractory pourable concrete can be used in order to apply it with the device according to the invention, ie to spray it. In addition, the preparation of the concrete mix is much easier. No double-piston pump or mixer is required. Fewer staff are required. The corresponding systems do not have to be transported and installed. With fewer system components, there are fewer hoses and less cleaning effort.
Ein weiterer Vorteil ist es, dass es keinen Betonverlust gibt. Die fertige Mischung wird erst kurz vor Austritt aus der Lanze hergestellt. Dadurch ist auch der Wasserverbrauch für die Reinigung der Fördermaschine wesentlich geringer, zumal in der Förderleitung der Trockenbeton lediglich pneumatisch befördert wird. Der hohe Luftanteil auf der Förderstrecke reduziert das Gewicht der Förderleitung je Meter.Another advantage is that there is no loss of concrete. The finished mixture is produced shortly before exiting the lance. As a result, the water consumption for cleaning the hoisting machine is also significantly lower, especially since the dry concrete is only conveyed pneumatically in the conveying line. The high proportion of air in the conveying section reduces the weight of the conveying line per metre.
Ein weiterer Vorteil ist es, dass keine aufwendige Baustellenvorbereitung erforderlich ist. Im Bereich von Hochöfen ist eine Betonfördermaschine in der Regel immer vorhanden. Sie dient zur Rinnenreparatur mit einer speziellen Spritzmasse. Gießbeton hat gegenüber dieser speziellen Spritzmasse allerdings den Vorteil, dass er dichter ist und eine höhere Qualität hat. Je dichter die Wand der Rinne ausgekleidet werden kann desto weniger können Schlacke und Eisen in die Wand eindringen und die Wand verschleißen. Der Beton wird üblicherweise auf die heiße Rinne aufgetragen und härtet dabei sofort aus. Je weniger Wasser in der Betonmischung enthalten ist, desto schneller härtet der Beton aus.Another advantage is that no time-consuming site preparation is required. A concrete conveyor machine is usually always present in the area of blast furnaces. It is used for gutter repairs with a special gunning compound. However, cast concrete has the advantage over this special gunning compound that it is denser and of a higher quality. The more densely the wall of the channel can be lined, the less slag and iron can penetrate the wall and wear out the wall. The concrete is usually applied to the hot channel and hardens immediately. The less water there is in the concrete mix, the faster the concrete hardens.
Ein weiterer Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist es, dass auf eine Einschalung der Rinnenwand verzichtet werden kann. Wenn auf eine Einschalung verzichtet werden kann, kann entfällt auch das Ausschalen. Mit der Erfindung sind daher auch Zwischenreparaturen der Rinne schnell und einfach möglich. Es können Stillstandzeiten des Hochofens signifikant verkürzt werden.A further advantage of the method according to the invention is that there is no need to encase the channel wall. If formwork can be dispensed with, stripping can also be omitted. With the invention, therefore, intermediate repairs of the channel are possible quickly and easily. Downtimes of the blast furnace can be significantly reduced.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung eignet sich insbesondere auch zum Verspritzen von grobkörnigem Material mit einer Körnung von bis zu 19 mm. Material dieser Körnung ist mittels Doppelkolbenpumpen nicht verarbeitbar, weil diese blockieren würden. Der sehr geringe Wasseranteil des Materials führt zu einer höheren Dichte und damit auch zu einer höheren Qualität der Verbesserungsarbeiten an der Rinne.The device according to the invention is also particularly suitable for spraying coarse-grained material with a grain size of up to 19 mm. material of this Grain cannot be processed with double piston pumps because they would block. The very low water content of the material leads to a higher density and thus to a higher quality of the improvement work on the channel.
In einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist an einem Austrittsende der Lanze ein Düsenring angeordnet, der dazu eingerichtet ist und ausgebildet ist, den ringförmigen Luftstrom auszubilden, der den Materialstrom des aus dem Austrittsende der Lanze austretenden Betons umgibt. Der Düsenring kann hierzu mehrere Einzeldüsen aufweisen. Es kann sich um bei den Einzeldüsen auch um axial orientierte Öffnungen in einem Kreisringblech handeln. Ein Düsenring im Sinne der Erfindung ist auch ein axial offener Ringraum mit einer einzigen kreisringförmigen Öffnung, aus der ein Luftstrom ringförmig austritt, um den Materialstrom zu umgeben. Die ringförmige Öffnung kann eine in Radialrichtung zur Lanze gemessene Spaltbreite von bevorzugt 2 bis 6 mm haben, insbesondere 3 bis 5 mm.In a further development of the invention, a nozzle ring is arranged at an outlet end of the lance, which is set up and designed to form the annular air flow that surrounds the material flow of the concrete emerging from the outlet end of the lance. For this purpose, the nozzle ring can have several individual nozzles. The individual nozzles can also be axially oriented openings in a circular ring plate. A nozzle ring within the meaning of the invention is also an axially open annular space with a single annular opening from which an air flow exits in a ring shape in order to surround the material flow. The annular opening can have a gap width of preferably 2 to 6 mm, in particular 3 to 5 mm, measured in the radial direction of the lance.
In einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung steht der Düsenring um eine Länge gegenüber dem Austrittsende für den zu spritzenden Beton vor. Der Luftstrom wird außenseitig von dem Düsenring geführt. Der Düsenring steht insbesondere um eine Länge vor, die größer ist als der Durchmesser der Lanze. Bei einer Lanze mit 40 mm Durchmesser beträgt die Länge des Düsenrings vor dem Austrittsende 50 bis 100 mm, vorzugsweise 60 bis 80 mm. Der Düsenring ist an der Lanze befestigt und umgibt daher auch einen Endbereich der Lanze vor dem Austrittsende. Dieser Endbereich ist bevorzugt mindestens genauso lang wie die Länge des Düsenrings vor dem Austrittsende. Der damit verbundene technische Effekt ist, dass als Düsenring ein zylindrisches Rohr verwendet werden kann, das im Durchmesser etwas größer ist als die Lanze und dass in dem hinreichend langen Ringraum zwischen der Außenseite der Lanze und der Innenseite des Düsenrings ein über den gesamten Umfang des Düsenrings homogoner axial orientierter ringförmiger Luftstrom erzeugt werden kann, der das auszutragende Material leitet. Der ringförmige Luftstrom ist axial orientiert und weist nicht in den Strom des austretenden Materials. Der Luftstrom ummantelt den Materialstrom, bündelt dadurch den Strahl und trägt äußerst effektiv zur Führung des Materialstroms bei. Der ringförmige Luftstrom besitzt in Strömungsrichtung bevorzugt einen gleichbleiben Durchmesser, der unmittelbar an den Materialstrom grenzt. Der angeschlossene Luftstrom hat bevorzugt einen Druck von ca. 5 bis 6 bar.In a further development of the invention, the nozzle ring protrudes by a length in relation to the outlet end for the concrete to be sprayed. The air flow is guided on the outside by the nozzle ring. In particular, the nozzle ring protrudes by a length that is greater than the diameter of the lance. In the case of a lance with a diameter of 40 mm, the length of the nozzle ring in front of the outlet end is 50 to 100 mm, preferably 60 to 80 mm. The nozzle ring is attached to the lance and therefore also surrounds an end region of the lance in front of the exit end. This end area is preferably at least as long as the length of the nozzle ring in front of the outlet end. The associated technical effect is that a cylindrical tube can be used as the nozzle ring, which is slightly larger in diameter than the lance and that in the sufficiently long annular space between the outside of the lance and the inside of the nozzle ring, there is a space around the entire circumference of the nozzle ring homogeneous axially oriented annular air flow can be generated, which directs the material to be discharged. The annular airflow is oriented axially and does not face into the flow of exiting material. The air flow envelops the material flow, thereby focusing the jet and making a very effective contribution to guiding the material flow. In the direction of flow, the ring-shaped air flow preferably has a constant diameter, which is directly adjacent to the material flow. The connected air flow preferably has a pressure of approx. 5 to 6 bar.
In einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist an einem Austrittsende der Lanze ein Düsenring angeordnet, der in Längsrichtung der Lanze verstellbar ist. Der Düsenring ist dazu ausgebildet und eingerichtet, die Größe des Sprühkegels des Betons einzustellen. Je weiter der Düsenring in Richtung der Lanze zurückgezogen wird, desto größer wird der Sprühkegel. Wenn der Düsenring weiter nach vorne geschoben wird, verkleinert sich der Sprühkegel des Betons.In a development of the invention, a nozzle ring is arranged at an outlet end of the lance, which is adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the lance. The nozzle ring is designed and configured to adjust the size of the spray cone of the concrete. The further the nozzle ring is pulled back in the direction of the lance, the larger the spray cone becomes. If the nozzle ring is pushed further forward, the spray cone of the concrete is reduced.
In vorteilhafter Weise wird die Luftzufuhr dazu benutzt, in dem Ringraum zwischen dem Düsenring und der Lanze einen ringförmigen Luftstrom auszubilden, so dass auch ohne Verstellung des Düsenrings allein durch Steuerung des Luftstroms die Größe des Sprühkegels gesteuert werden kann.The air supply is advantageously used to form an annular air flow in the annular space between the nozzle ring and the lance, so that the size of the spray cone can be controlled by controlling the air flow alone without adjusting the nozzle ring.
In einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung weist der Ringraum mehrere über seinen Umfang verteilte Öffnungen auf, über welche er an eine Luftverteilerkammer angeschlossen ist, die an den Ringraum grenzt. Es kann sich bei den Öffnungen um Bohrungen handeln mit einem Durchmesser von 3 bis 10 mm, die in einer Radialebene über den Umfang verteilt angeordnet sind, z.B. in einem Winkelabstand von 30° bis 60°. Die Öffnungen befinden sich in einem Abstand von dem Austrittsende der Lanze, so dass die Luft in dem Ringspalt zunächst gleichmäßig verteilt wird und dann in Richtung zu Austrittende umgelenkt wird, um hier die gewünschte ringförmige Luftströmung zu bilden.In a development of the invention, the annular space has a plurality of openings distributed over its circumference, via which it is connected to an air distribution chamber that adjoins the annular space. The openings can be bores with a diameter of 3 to 10 mm, which are distributed in a radial plane over the circumference, e.g. at an angular distance of 30° to 60°. The openings are spaced from the exit end of the lance so that the air in the annular gap is first evenly distributed and then diverted towards the exit end to form the desired annular air flow there.
Der Luftstrom ist hinsichtlich seiner Wirkung so bemessen, dass der Beton den Düsenring durchströmt, ohne ihn zu berühren. Wenn der Luftstrom unterbrochen wird, würde der Gießbeton eher aus dem Düsenring fließen, als verspritzt zu werden. Der Luftstrom hat für den Transport des Betons im Anschluss an das Austrittsende der Lanze eine wesentliche Bedeutung. Der Luftstrom, der den Beton durch die Lanze bis zum Austrittsende führt, dient lediglich zum Transport zur und in der Lanze.In terms of its effect, the air flow is dimensioned in such a way that the concrete flows through the nozzle ring without touching it. If the air flow is interrupted, the pourable concrete would flow out of the nozzle ring rather than being spattered. The airflow is essential for the transport of the concrete following the discharge end of the lance. The air flow that carries the concrete through the lance to the outlet end is only used for transport to and in the lance.
In einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Wasserzufuhr ringförmig ausgebildet ist, so dass das Wasser über den Umfang verteilt dem Beton zuführbar ist. Es handelt sich bei der Wasserzufuhr daher vorzugsweise um eine ringförmige Düsenanordnung mit mehreren über den Umfang des Strömungskanals angeordneten Austrittsöffnungen für das Wasser. Durch die gleichmäßige Wasserzufuhr wird die Trockenmischung des Betons möglichst gleichmäßig benetzt und verbindet sich mit dem Beton.In a development of the invention, it is provided that the water supply is ring-shaped, so that the water can be supplied to the concrete distributed over the circumference. The water supply is therefore preferably an annular nozzle arrangement with a plurality of outlet openings for the water arranged over the circumference of the flow channel. Due to the even supply of water, the dry mix of the concrete is wetted as evenly as possible and bonds with the concrete.
In Strömungsrichtung in Abstand zur Wasserzufuhr erfolgt die Bindemittelzufuhr. In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist auch die Bindemittelzufuhr ringförmig ausgebildet, so dass das Bindemittel ebenfalls über den Umfang verteilt dem zuvor mit Wasser vermengten Beton zuführbar ist. Der Abstand der Bindemittelzufuhr und der Wasserzufuhr kann 50 cm bis 2 m betragen. Die Mischstrecke muss lediglich so lang sein, dass das Wasser hinreichend mit dem relativ trockenen Betongemisch vermischt werden kann und schließlich auch das Bindemittel gleichmäßig aufgenommen werden kann.The binder is supplied in the direction of flow at a distance from the water supply. In an advantageous development of the invention, the binder feed is also designed in the form of a ring, so that the binder can also be fed to the concrete previously mixed with water, distributed over the circumference. The distance between the binder supply and the water supply can be 50 cm to 2 m. The mixing section only has to be long enough for the water to be sufficiently mixed with the relatively dry concrete mixture and for the binding agent to be absorbed evenly.
Die Beschaffenheit des fertigen Betongemisches hängt maßgeblich von der Zufuhr des Wassers und des Bindemittels ab. Die Zufuhr kann über Ventile geregelt werden. Diese Ventile zum Öffnen und Schließen der Wasserzufuhr, der Bindemittelzufuhr und der Luftzufuhr befinden sich in vorteilhafter Weiterbildung unmittelbar an der Lanze. Der Bediener der Lanze kann alle drei Ventilstellungen gezielt steuern und während des Spritzens des Betons nachjustieren um ein optimales Mischungsverhältnis des Betons herzustellen.The quality of the finished concrete mixture depends largely on the addition of water and binder. The supply can be regulated via valves. In an advantageous development, these valves for opening and closing the water supply, the binding agent supply and the air supply are located directly on the lance. The operator of the lance can control all three valve positions and readjust them while spraying the concrete in order to create an optimal mixing ratio for the concrete.
In einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass das Ventil für die Wasserzufuhr und das Ventil für die Bindemittelzufuhr in einem Abstand von weniger als 30 cm benachbart zueinander angeordnet sind, so dass ein Bediener der Lanze nur eine Hand zum Betätigen beider Ventile benötigt, während er mit der anderen Hand die Lanze hält. Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ist für den Einmann-Betrieb ausgelegt. Wenn die zum Bedienen notwendigen Ventile nah beieinander sind, kann das Spritzen des Betons fortgesetzt werden, während der Bediener die Ventilstellungen korrigiert bzw. so wählt, dass das richtige Mischungsverhältnis eingestellt werden kann.In a further development of the invention, it is provided that the valve for the water supply and the valve for the binding agent supply are arranged adjacent to one another at a distance of less than 30 cm, so that an operator of the lance only needs one hand to operate both valves while he is holding the spear with the other hand. The device according to the invention is designed for one-man operation. If the valves needed to operate are in close proximity, the concrete can continue spraying while the operator adjusts or dials the valve positions to get the right mix ratio.
In einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist zusätzlich vorgesehen, dass auch das Ventil für die Luftzufuhr in einem Abstand von weniger als 30 cm von den anderen Ventilen entfernt angeordnet ist, so dass ein Bediener der Lanze nur eine Hand zum Betätigen der Ventile benötigt, während er mit seiner anderen Hand die Lanze hält. Auch dieses Konzept basiert auf einer Einmann-Bedienung der Vorrichtung und insbesondere der Lanze. Aus ergonomischen Gründen können alle notwendigen Einstellungen für die Bedienung der Lanze bzw. der Spritzvorrichtung so zusammengefasst werden, dass der Bediener stets die Lanze mit einer Hand halten kann und seine Arbeit nicht unterbrechen muss, wenn die Ventile betätigt werden.In a further development of the invention, it is additionally provided that the valve for the air supply is also arranged at a distance of less than 30 cm from the other valves, so that an operator of the lance only needs one hand to operate the valves while he is working with holding the spear in his other hand. Also this one The concept is based on one-man operation of the device and in particular the lance. For ergonomic reasons, all necessary settings for operating the lance or the spraying device can be combined in such a way that the operator can always hold the lance with one hand and does not have to interrupt his work when the valves are actuated.
Die Erfindung sieht in einer weiteren vorteilhaften Weiterbildung vor, dass das Ventil für die Wasserzufuhr, das Ventil für die Bindemittelzufuhr und das Ventil für die Luftzufuhr über einen einzigen gemeinsamen Betätigungshebel betätigbar sind. Über einen gemeinsamen Betätigungshebel im Sinne einer Start-Stopp-Funktion lassen sich alle drei Gas- und Flüssigkeitsströme stoppen und starten. Unabhängig voneinander lassen sich die jeweiligen Ventilstellungen bevorzugt so justieren, dass sich das gewünschte Mischungsverhältnis ergibt. Die jeweilige Ventilstellung ist unabhängig von dem Betätigungshebel einstellbar.In a further advantageous development, the invention provides that the valve for the water supply, the valve for the binding agent supply and the valve for the air supply can be actuated via a single common actuating lever. All three gas and liquid flows can be stopped and started via a common actuating lever in the sense of a start-stop function. The respective valve positions can preferably be adjusted independently of one another in such a way that the desired mixing ratio results. The respective valve position can be adjusted independently of the actuating lever.
Für eine Einmann-Bedienung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist es von Vorteil, wenn die Lanze einen Leitungsquerschnitt von unter 50 mm aufweist, so dass die Lanze von einer einzelnen Person tragbar und bedienbar ist. Der Leitungsquerschnitt von unter 50 mm setzt sich vorzugsweise auch im Bereich der Förderleitung fort. Die Lanze hat bevorzugt einen Durchmesser von 40 mm bis 45 mm.For one-man operation of the device according to the invention, it is advantageous if the lance has a cable cross-section of less than 50 mm, so that the lance can be carried and operated by a single person. The line cross-section of less than 50 mm preferably also continues in the area of the delivery line. The lance preferably has a diameter of 40 mm to 45 mm.
Die erfindungsgemäße Lanze ist insbesondere dazu eingerichtet und ausgebildet, feuerfesten Beton auszubringen und insbesondere auf eine heiße Abstichrinne eines Schmelzofens aufzubringen. Wie vorstehend erwähnt, ist der verwendete Beton, insbesondere ein Trockenbeton, der mittels Luft innerhalb der Förderleitung transportierbar ist. Die Körnung ist nach unten nicht begrenzt. In Kombination mit einer pneumatischen Rotor-Spritzmaschine, über welche der Beton in die Förderleitung einbringbar ist, kann Trockenbeton mit einer Körnung von bis zu 19 mm verarbeitet werden.The lance according to the invention is set up and designed in particular to discharge refractory concrete and in particular to apply it to a hot launder of a melting furnace. As mentioned above, the concrete used is, in particular a dry concrete, which can be transported by means of air within the conveyor line. There is no lower limit to the grit. In combination with a pneumatic rotor spraying machine, via which the concrete can be introduced into the delivery line, dry concrete with a grain size of up to 19 mm can be processed.
In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung umfasst die Rotor-Spritzmaschine eine Fernbedienung für Start-Stopp in Bezug auf den zu fördernden Beton und die Förderluft zum Fördern des Betons, wobei die Fernbedienung im Bereich der Ventile für die Wasserzufuhr, die Bindemittelzufuhr und die Luftzufuhr angeordnet ist.In an advantageous development of the invention, the rotor spraying machine includes a remote control for start-stop with regard to the concrete to be conveyed and the conveying air for conveying the concrete, with the remote control being arranged in the area of the valves for the water supply, the binding agent supply and the air supply .
In einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung sind die Fernbedienung und die Ventile über ein gemeinsames Betätigungselement betätigbar.In a development of the invention, the remote control and the valves can be actuated via a common actuating element.
Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung wird eine Möglichkeit geschaffen, Spritzbeton auszubringen und zwar mit deutlich weniger Personal und mit geringerem apparativem Aufwand. Auch der Betonverlust ist durch Reinigung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung deutlich geringer im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik.With the device according to the invention, a possibility is created of discharging shotcrete, specifically with significantly fewer personnel and with less outlay on equipment. The loss of concrete due to cleaning of the device according to the invention is also significantly lower compared to the prior art.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungbeispielen näher erläutert, die in den Zeichnungen rein schematisch dargestellt sind. Es zeigen:
- Figur 1
- eine Vorrichtung zum Spritzen von Beton und
Figur 2- einen Düsenring für eine alternative Vorrichtung zum Spritzen von Beton.
- figure 1
- a device for spraying concrete and
- figure 2
- a nozzle ring for an alternative device for spraying concrete.
Die
Eine trockene Betonmischung 3 wird über eine Rotor-Spritzmaschine 4 in ein Eintrittsende 5 der Förderleitung 2 pneumatisch eingebracht und zu deren Austrittsende 6 transportiert. An das Austrittsende 6 schließt sich eine Wasserzufuhr 7 an, die dazu ausgebildet und eingerichtet ist, Wasser in eine sich in Strömungsrichtung des Betongemisches 3 anschließende Mischstrecke 8 einzubringen. Die Wasserzufuhr 7 ist ringförmig ausgebildet, so dass das Wasser über den Umfang verteilt dem Beton zuführbar ist. Symbolisch sind mehrere Eintrittspunkte für das Wasser im Bereich der Wasserzufuhr 7 dargestellt. Es handelt sich um eine ringförmige Anordnung, welche die Mischstrecke 8 umgibt.A dry
In Strömungsrichtung in Abstand zur Wasserzufuhr 7 folgt eine ringförmige Bindemittelzufuhr, beispielsweise zur Zuführung von Silikat bzw. Wasserglas. Auch hier sind beispielhaft mehrere Eintrittsöffnungen dargestellt, damit das zuvor mit Wasser vermengte Betongemisch zusätzlich mit den Bindemitteln gleichmäßig benetzt werden kann. Auf die Bindemittelzufuhr 9 folgt eine weitere Mischstrecke 10 und schließlich eine ringförmige Luftzufuhr 11. Die Luftzufuhr 11 baut einen ringförmigen Luftstrom 12 zwischen einem Außenmantel der Lanze 13 und einem in Längsrichtung der Lanze 13 verstellbaren Düsenring 14 auf. Je nach Stellung des Düsenrings 14 relativ zur Lanze 13 bzw. relativ zur Stärke des Luftstroms 12 kann die Größe des Sprühkegels des Betons beeinflusst werden.In the flow direction at a distance from the water supply 7 follows a ring-shaped binder supply, for example for the supply of silicate or water glass. Here, too, several inlet openings are shown as an example, so that the concrete mixture previously mixed with water can also be evenly wetted with the binders. The
Die
Die
Es wird das vordere Ende der Lanze 13 im Längsschnitt gezeigt. Die Lanze 13 erstreckt sich bis zu ihrem Austrittsende 22, an dem das Betongemisch 3 als Materialstrom M gemäß dem eingezeichneten zentralen Pfeil austritt. An der Lanze 13 ist die Luftzufuhr 11 dargestellt. Die Luftzufuhr 11 umfasst einen Düsenring 14. Es handelt sich um ein kreiszlindrisches Rohr, das im Durchmesser etwas größer als die Lanze 13 ist und einen Ringraum 21 mit der Lanze 13 begrenzt. Der Ringraum 21 ist ein schmaler Spalt mit der Breite S1. Die Breiten S1 beträgt in diesem Fall 3 mm. Der Durchmesser D1 der Lanze 13 beträgt 40 mm. Der Ringraum 21 ist zum Austrittsende 22 des Betongemisches 3 der Lanze 13 offen. Sein anderes axiales Ende ist verschlossen. Der Ringraum 21 ist über den gesamten Umfang von einer Luftverteilerkammer 19 umgeben. An die Luftverteilerkammer 29 ist radial außenseitig eine Luftleitung 24 zur Luftzufuhr angeschlossen. Über den inneren Umfang der Luftverteilerkammer 19 verteilt sind Öffnungen 24 angeordnet. Durch die Öffnungen 24 strömt Luft von der Luftverteilerkammer 19 gleichmäßig von allen Seiten radial in den Ringraum 21 an. In dem Ringraum 21 wird die Luft in Axialrichtung umgelenkt, so dass am Austrittsende 22 ein rein axial orientierter Luftstrom 12 erzeugt wird, der parallel zu Materialstrom M geführt wird. Der Luftstrom 12 ist nicht in den in den Materialstrom M gerichtet, d.h. es gibt am Düsenring 13 keine Mittel die bewirken, dass der Luftstrom im spitzen Winkel zum Materialstrom steht.The front end of the
Der Luftstrom 12 wird über das Austrittende 12 hinaus von dem Düsenring 14 geführt, indem der Düsenring 14 sich über das Austrittsende 12 hinaus erstreckt. Dieser zylindrische Endabschnitt 23 des Düsenrings 14 besitzt eine Länge L1 die größer ist als der Durchmesser D1 der Lanze 13. Er beträgt in diesem Fall 70 mm.The
Der Luftstrom 23 strömt entlang der Innenseite 25 des Endabschnitts 23 parallel zum Materialstrom M. Der Materialstrom M wird ingesamt von dem parallel geführten Luftstrom 12 ummantelt. Der Luftstrom 12 ist nicht in den Materialstrom M gerichtet.The
- 1 -1 -
- Vorrichtung zum Spritzen von BetonDevice for spraying concrete
- 2 -2 -
- Förderleitungdelivery line
- 3 -3 -
- Betongemischconcrete mix
- 4 -4 -
- Rotor-SpritzmaschineRotor spraying machine
- 5 -5 -
- Eintrittsende von 2entry end of 2
- 6 -6 -
- Austrittsende von 2exit end of 2
- 7 -7 -
- Wasserzufuhrwater supply
- 8 -8th -
- Mischstreckemixing section
- 9 -9 -
- Bindemittelzufuhrbinder supply
- 10 -10 -
- Mischstreckemixing section
- 11 -11 -
- Luftzufuhrair supply
- 12 -12 -
- Luftstromairflow
- 13 -13 -
- Lanzelance
- 14 -14 -
- Düsenringnozzle ring
- 15 -15 -
- Ventil für WasserzufuhrWater supply valve
- 16 -16 -
- Ventil für BindemittelzufuhrBinder supply valve
- 17 -17 -
- Ventil für LuftzufuhrAir supply valve
- 18 -18 -
- Fernbedienung für Rotor-Spritzmaschine 4Remote control for rotor spraying machine 4
- 19 -19 -
- Luftverteilerkammerair plenum
- 20 -20 -
- Öffnungopening
- 21 -21 -
- Ringraumannulus
- 22 -22 -
- Austrittende von 13Exit end of 13
- 23 -23 -
- Endabschnitt von 14final section of 14
- 24 -24 -
- Luftleitungair line
- 25 -25 -
- Innenseite von 14Inside of 14
- D1 -D1 -
- Durchmesser von 13diameter of 13
- L1 -L1 -
- Länge von 23length of 23
- M -M -
- Materialstrom von 3Material flow from 3
- S1 -S1 -
- Breite von 21width of 21
Claims (15)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102021006406.2A DE102021006406A1 (en) | 2021-12-29 | 2021-12-29 | Device for spraying concrete |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4205861A1 true EP4205861A1 (en) | 2023-07-05 |
Family
ID=84688207
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP22216860.1A Pending EP4205861A1 (en) | 2021-12-29 | 2022-12-28 | Apparatus for spraying concrete |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4205861A1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE102021006406A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1998040168A1 (en) * | 1997-03-13 | 1998-09-17 | North American Refractories Co. | Dry process gunning of refractory castable |
FR2798092B1 (en) * | 1999-11-15 | 2001-11-30 | Lafarge Refractories | SPRAY SPRAY OF CONCRETE BY DRY WAY AND CORRESPONDING WET RING |
WO2017021259A1 (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2017-02-09 | Maria Elisabeth Holzweber | Method and device for applying an insulation to buildings |
EP3431172A1 (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2019-01-23 | Baumit Beteiligungen GmbH | Nozzle for concrete, mortar or similar and its use |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2036088A1 (en) | 1970-07-21 | 1972-02-03 | Plibrico Co Gmbh | Furnace cladding - using steam jet to spray insulating material |
DE8909640U1 (en) | 1989-08-11 | 1989-10-19 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh, 4300 Essen | Device for wetting fine-grained material, particularly to be used as shotcrete or mortar |
DE4240847A1 (en) | 1992-12-04 | 1994-06-09 | Schuerenberg Beton Spritzmasch | Shield against concrete splashing on to user's face and eyes - consists of helmet, with face and eye shield movably connected to it, with cylinder divided into two end sections, with dividing viewing window |
DE29508527U1 (en) | 1995-03-28 | 1995-09-28 | MBT Holding AG, Zürich | Device for mixing a liquid additive into a flowable base |
-
2021
- 2021-12-29 DE DE102021006406.2A patent/DE102021006406A1/en active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-12-28 EP EP22216860.1A patent/EP4205861A1/en active Pending
- 2022-12-28 DE DE202022107288.4U patent/DE202022107288U1/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1998040168A1 (en) * | 1997-03-13 | 1998-09-17 | North American Refractories Co. | Dry process gunning of refractory castable |
FR2798092B1 (en) * | 1999-11-15 | 2001-11-30 | Lafarge Refractories | SPRAY SPRAY OF CONCRETE BY DRY WAY AND CORRESPONDING WET RING |
WO2017021259A1 (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2017-02-09 | Maria Elisabeth Holzweber | Method and device for applying an insulation to buildings |
EP3431172A1 (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2019-01-23 | Baumit Beteiligungen GmbH | Nozzle for concrete, mortar or similar and its use |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE202022107288U1 (en) | 2023-03-03 |
DE102021006406A1 (en) | 2023-06-29 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0059394A2 (en) | Pneumatic transporting plant | |
DE3119811A1 (en) | DEVICE FOR MIXING AND SPRAYING WET CONCRETE | |
DE3335953C2 (en) | Device for the pneumatic discharge of a hydraulic building material of the underground operation, which is conveyed hydromechanically in a dense stream | |
EP0698419B1 (en) | Installation for spraying dry building material | |
DE19819660A1 (en) | Injection nozzle for homogeneous mixing of water with dry mix material | |
EP4205861A1 (en) | Apparatus for spraying concrete | |
DE2947913A1 (en) | Wet concrete spraying machine - has water and additive pipe sockets where mixer vanes interrupt worm gear | |
DE4443594A1 (en) | Plaster or screed, mortar for this purpose, a method for producing the same and apparatus for carrying out the method | |
DE3120260C2 (en) | ||
DE4234745A1 (en) | Method and device for applying mortar or concrete by spraying | |
EP0110941B1 (en) | Method for mixing a plastic containing concrete to be sprayed in a mixing tube and mixing tube for implementing such method | |
DE2622076A1 (en) | Concrete spraying machine with auger mortar supply - has annular mixing air nozzle surrounding supply pipe outlet into mixing chamber | |
DE2934087A1 (en) | Discharge nozzle for pneumatically conveyed fine-grain material - is surrounded by wetting distributor line with controlled spray nozzles | |
DE2628612A1 (en) | Nozzle for high energy gas blast - uses two orthogonally positioned jets to introduce blast material under pressure | |
DE3506679C2 (en) | ||
DE2215485A1 (en) | WET CONCRETE SPRAYING MACHINE | |
DE1458913C (en) | Apparatus for mixing and applying refractory material to furnace linings | |
DE19945094A1 (en) | Mixing nozzle esp. for application of wet sprayed concrete has housing with mixing chamber and inlet for feeding of e.g. additives or propellant and protective ceramic layer | |
DE3232744C2 (en) | Wetting device for coarse to fine-grained building materials | |
DE902962C (en) | Concreting method for shaft extension | |
DE202010008727U1 (en) | Mixing and application device for refractory materials | |
DE1777217C (en) | Powder distributor Artm Messer Gnesheim GmbH, 6000 Frank fürt | |
DE1210446B (en) | Method for repairing furnace parts with a mixture containing water and refractory material and device for carrying out this method | |
DER0000036MA (en) | Device for the repairing application of refractory filling compound on the damaged or endangered areas of the walls of furnaces | |
DE29921289U1 (en) | Mixing nozzle, in particular for applying wet shotcrete |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN PUBLISHED |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC ME MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20231229 |