EP4205269A1 - Elektrische maschinenanordnung - Google Patents
Elektrische maschinenanordnungInfo
- Publication number
- EP4205269A1 EP4205269A1 EP21752631.8A EP21752631A EP4205269A1 EP 4205269 A1 EP4205269 A1 EP 4205269A1 EP 21752631 A EP21752631 A EP 21752631A EP 4205269 A1 EP4205269 A1 EP 4205269A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rotor
- stator
- bearing
- position sensor
- shaft
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/24—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets axially facing the armatures, e.g. hub-type cycle dynamos
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
- H02K7/085—Structural association with bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at only one end of the rotor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
- H02K11/21—Devices for sensing speed or position, or actuated thereby
- H02K11/215—Magnetic effect devices, e.g. Hall-effect or magneto-resistive elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/40—Structural association with grounding devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/10—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with arrangements for protection from ingress, e.g. water or fingers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
- H02K7/083—Structural association with bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/18—Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures
- H02K1/182—Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures to stators axially facing the rotor, i.e. with axial or conical air gap
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
- H02K5/161—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/24—Casings; Enclosures; Supports specially adapted for suppression or reduction of noise or vibrations
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrical machine arrangement, comprising an electrical axial flux machine with a stator and with a rotor, a component supporting the stator and an output element in non-rotatable contact with the rotor, the rotor being rotatably mounted via at least one bearing point within the electrical machine arrangement is.
- the position of the parts through which the magnetic field flows is very important. This applies both to the mechanical structure of the electric motor, through which the parts are positioned in relation to one another, and to precise knowledge of the angular position of the rotating parts, via which the exact current position of the rotor relative to the stator is recorded.
- An exact, rigid mechanical structure is important, since even small deviations in the position of the parts among one another can have a significant effect on the magnetic flux (e.g. due to altered air gaps).
- precise knowledge of the current position of the rotor is also crucial, because the constantly changing position of the magnets integrated in the rotating rotor (angular position) relative to the magnets integrated in the stator must always be known exactly when the motor is rotating in order to to control the electric motor correctly.
- a rotor position sensor into the mechanical structure of the electric motor in such a way that the sensor can detect the relative position of the magnetically relevant parts exactly, i.e. with the lowest possible tolerance influence.
- the sensor must not negatively influence the mechanical structure of the electric motor due to its size and its installation conditions, so that a sufficiently robust and dimensionally accurate design of all parts and assemblies is possible, as is their precise alignment during assembly.
- elements for grounding the rotor or the rotor shaft and elements that electrically insulate the rotor relative to the stator must also be integrated into most electric motors. Through this Grounding and/or insulating elements prevent the electrical voltage induced in the mechanical structural elements of the electric motor from being discharged via the bearings or being transmitted to the neighboring components of the electric motor.
- the present invention is based on the object of providing a machine arrangement with an electrical axial flux machine in which a shaft grounding element and/or a rotor position sensor are integrated into the axial flux machine in such a way that it is optimized with a view to the smallest possible installation space.
- the mechanical structure of the axial flow machine should not be negatively influenced as far as possible with regard to the influences introduced into the structure.
- An electrical machine arrangement comprises an electrical axial flow machine for driving an electrically drivable motor vehicle, with a stator and with a rotor, further comprising a component supporting the stator and an output element in non-rotatable contact with the rotor.
- the rotor is rotatably mounted via at least one bearing point within the electrical machine arrangement.
- a shaft grounding element and/or a rotor position sensor is arranged in a spatial area, in the radial direction between the rotor shaft W and the stator and in the axial direction within the axial extent of the stator.
- the sensors and the shaft grounding and/or insulating elements must not unacceptably increase the tolerances and elasticity of the mechanical structure of the electric motor.
- the positions for a shaft grounding element and/or a rotor position sensor proposed within the scope of the invention enable a high degree of measuring accuracy for the sensors. Furthermore, this ensures a high level of functional reliability for the sensors, the shaft grounding and/or insulating elements and their negative influence on the tolerances, the rigidity and the space requirement of the electric motor can be minimized.
- Electrical machines are used to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy and/or vice versa, and generally include a stationary part referred to as a stator, stand or armature and a part referred to as a rotor or runner and arranged movably relative to the stationary part.
- a radial flux machine is characterized in that the Magnetic field lines in the air gap formed between rotor and stator extend in the radial direction, while in the case of an axial flow machine the magnetic field lines in the air gap formed between rotor and stator extend in the axial direction.
- the housing encloses the electrical machine.
- a housing can also accommodate the control and power electronics.
- the housing can also be part of a cooling system for the electric machine and can be designed in such a way that cooling fluid can be supplied to the electric machine via the housing and/or the heat can be dissipated to the outside via the housing surfaces.
- the housing protects the electrical machine and any electronics that may be present from external influences.
- the stator of a radial flow machine is usually constructed cylindrically and generally consists of electrical laminations that are electrically insulated from one another and are constructed in layers and packaged to form laminated cores. This structure keeps the eddy currents in the stator caused by the stator field low. Distributed over the circumference, grooves or peripherally closed recesses are let into the electrical lamination running parallel to the rotor shaft and accommodate the stator winding or parts of the stator winding. Depending on the construction towards the surface, the slots can be closed with locking elements such as locking wedges or covers or the like in order to prevent the stator winding from being detached.
- a rotor is the spinning (rotating) part of an electrical machine.
- the rotor generally comprises a rotor shaft and one or more rotor bodies arranged on the rotor shaft in a rotationally fixed manner.
- the rotor shaft can also be hollow, which on the one hand saves weight and on the other hand allows lubricant or coolant to be supplied to the rotor body. If the rotor shaft is hollow, components, for example shafts, from adjacent units can protrude into the rotor or through the rotor without negatively influencing the functioning of the electrical machine.
- the gap between the rotor and the stator is called the air gap.
- this is an axially extending annular gap with a radial width that corresponds to the distance between the rotor body and the stator body.
- the magnetic flux in an electrical axial flux machine such as an electrical drive machine of a motor vehicle designed as an axial flux machine, is directed axially in the air gap between the stator and rotor, parallel to the axis of rotation of the electrical machine.
- the air gap that is formed in an axial flow machine is thus essentially in the form of a ring disk.
- the magnetic flux in an electrical axial flux machine is directed axially in the air gap between the stator and rotor, parallel to the axis of rotation of the electrical machine.
- Axial flux machines are differentiated, among other things with a view to their expansion, into axial flux machines in an (-arrangement and in axial flux machines in an H-arrangement.
- An axial flux machine in an I-arrangement is understood as an electrical machine in which a single rotor disk of the electrical machine is placed between two stator halves of a stator of the electrical machine and can be acted upon by this with a rotating electromagnetic field.
- An axial flux machine in an H arrangement is understood to be an electrical machine in which two rotor disks of a rotor of the electrical machine accommodate a stator of the electrical machine in the annular space located axially between them, via which the two rotor disks can be subjected to an electromagnetic rotating field.
- the two rotor disks of an electrical machine in an H-arrangement are mechanically connected to one another.This is usually via a shaft or a shaft-like connecting element nt, which protrudes radially inside (radially inside the magnets of the electrical machine) through the stator and connects the two rotor disks to one another radially inside.
- a special form of the H-arrangement is represented by electrical machines whose two rotor disks are connected to one another radially on the outside (radially outside of the magnets of the electrical machine). The stator of this electrical machine is then fastened radially on the inside (usually on one side) to a component that supports the electrical machine.
- This special form of the H arrangement is also known as the J arrangement.
- a bearing is formed between the stator and the rotor.
- the bearing (61) has a first bearing point (611) and a second bearing point (612) spaced axially from the first bearing point (611).
- an additional protected installation space for accommodating a shaft grounding element 11 and/or a rotor position sensor can be provided.
- the shaft grounding element and/or the rotor position sensor is/are arranged between the first bearing point and the second bearing point.
- the advantageous effect of this configuration is based on the fact that the two bearing points can be arranged with the greatest possible axial distance from one another in the available axial space of the electrical machine, which results in a robust and tilt-resistant bearing base for bearing the rotor and/or the connection of the rotor and Stator is managed.
- the rotor is mounted via at least one bearing by means of at least one first bearing point in relation to the component supporting the stator.
- shaft grounding element and the rotor position sensor are arranged on axially opposite sides of the rotor and take up a similar amount of installation space there, this enables a relatively symmetrical design of the rotor, the rotor shaft and/or the rotor bearing. This is advantageous with regard to the robustness, the accuracy of the storage and the material utilization of the individual components.
- the shaft grounding element and the rotor position sensor are arranged axially on the same side of the rotor.
- the structure of the axial flow machine can be well adapted to asymmetrical installation space conditions, as is the case, for example, with a one-sided bearing of the rotor shaft or if external forces acting asymmetrically on the electric machine require bearings of different dimensions and thus taking up different amounts of installation space.
- shaft grounding element and the rotor position sensor have to be protected from external influences, for example from cooling or lubricating media, it can also make sense to arrange the shaft grounding element and the rotor position sensor axially on the same side of the rotor in order to shield them (or protect them) from external influences . sealed) room to be able to accommodate.
- the shaft grounding element and/or the rotor position sensor is/are arranged outside of the axial area formed between the first bearing point and the second bearing point, adjacent to the first bearing point or adjacent to the second bearing point.
- the advantage that can be realized in this way is that the shaft grounding element and/or the rotor position sensor is/are more easily accessible from the outside after the electrical machine has been assembled. This makes it easier, for example, to readjust the rotor position sensor after the electrical machine has been installed. If the shaft grounding element is easily accessible from the outside, Worn shaft grounding elements can also be easily replaced with new ones without having to completely disassemble the electrical machine.
- the shaft grounding element and/or the rotor position sensor are integrated in a bearing point designed as a roller bearing. If the shaft grounding element and/or the rotor position sensor is/are integrated into a bearing point designed as a roller bearing, a particularly compact space-saving arrangement is possible.
- the shaft grounding system and the rotor position detection system always have components that are attached to the two units that can be rotated at relative speeds. The shortest possible tolerance chain between the two rotating units results when the components of the shaft grounding system and/or the rotor position detection system are attached directly to the bearings (e.g. inner and outer ring) of the same roller bearing. Since the geometric deviation that the rotor position sensor or the shaft grounding element then has to compensate for is very small, the rotor position sensor and the shaft grounding element can be made particularly small and compact if they are integrated into a bearing point.
- the invention can also be implemented in an advantageous manner such that the shaft grounding element and/or the rotor position sensor are arranged in a dry space formed around them. If the shaft grounding element and/or the rotor position sensor are protected from external influences, for example by a drying room arranged around them, a particularly high level of functional reliability, accuracy and service life can be achieved. Due to a dry space formed around them, shaft grounding elements optimized for dry environments can also be used for electrical machines in which a cooling or lubricating liquid can get between the rotor and the stator.
- FIG. 1 shows an axial flux motor in an I arrangement with a shaft grounding ring and a rotor position sensor, arranged between two axially spaced bearing points of a bearing between the rotor and stator, in an axial section in a schematic representation
- FIG. 2 shows a detail according to FIG. 1, with an electrical line connection to the rotor position sensor being shown,
- FIG. 3 shows a further example of an axial flux machine in an I arrangement with a further possibility of arranging the shaft grounding ring and rotor position sensor, in an axial section in a schematic representation
- FIG. 4 shows a further example of an axial flow machine in an I arrangement, in which, in contrast to the embodiment according to FIG.
- FIG. 5 shows an embodiment analogous to FIG. 4, the shaft grounding element being integrated in a roller bearing by means of axially on both sides arranged sealing elements is arranged protected
- FIG. 6 shows another possible arrangement of shaft grounding ring and rotor position sensor, these being arranged next to one another on an axial end area of the rotor shaft,
- FIG. 7 shows another possible arrangement of shaft grounding ring and rotor position sensor, with the stator of the axial flow machine being supported in the housing via a flexible torque support,
- FIG. 8 shows an axial flux machine in an H arrangement, with a shaft grounding ring and a rotor position sensor, arranged between two axially spaced bearing points of a bearing between the rotor and stator, in an axial section in a schematic representation,
- Figure 9 shows another example of an axial flux machine in an I-arrangement with a further possibility of arranging the shaft grounding ring and rotor position sensor, in an axial section in a schematic representation, with the stator being arranged in the housing in a rotationally and non-displaceably fixed manner and with the rotor having a single bearing point in a Side wall of the housing is mounted, and
- FIG. 10 shows an example of an axial flux machine in an I-arrangement analogous to the embodiment according to FIG. 9, the stator being arranged in the housing in a rotationally fixed and non-displaceable manner and the rotor being mounted in opposite side walls of the housing via two axially spaced bearing points.
- Figure 1 shows an electrical machine assembly 1, comprising an electrical axial flow machine 2 in I-arrangement for driving an electrically drivable motor vehicle, a stator 3 supporting component 6 in the form of a Housing 7 and an output element 100 in the form of an output shaft which is in rotationally fixed contact with rotor 4 .
- Axial flow machine 2 has a stator 3 and a rotor 4 .
- the rotor 4 is rotatably mounted within the electrical machine arrangement 1 via two bearing points 611 , 612 that are axially spaced apart from one another.
- the output element 100 designed as an output shaft is supported via a further bearing point 622 in the side wall of a housing 7 of the axial flow machine 2 .
- a shaft grounding element 11 and a rotor position sensor 12 are arranged in a spatial area in the form of an annular gap in the radial direction between the rotor shaft W and the stator 3 and in the axial direction within the axial extent X of the stator 3 .
- the rotor shaft W is connected via internal gearing to an external gearing of the output shaft, with the output shaft meshing outside of the housing 7 via additional external gearing with the gear wheel of a gear stage 22 .
- a bearing point 611 designed as a roller bearing with an integrated rotor position sensor 12 is shown on the left-hand side of the axial flow machine 2 .
- the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring both have a connecting contour next to the raceway for the rolling bodies, to which the rotor position sensor 12 is attached.
- the area between the inner ring and the outer ring that is available for the rotor position sensor 12 is shown as a cross-hatched cross-sectional area. Parts of the rotor position sensor 12 are connected to the bearing inner ring and other parts of the rotor position sensor 12 to the bearing outer ring.
- the rotor position sensor 12 detects the angular position of the sensor parts, which are non-rotatably connected to the electromagnets of the stator 3 via the bearing outer ring, relative to the parts of the rotor position sensor 12 which are non-rotatably connected to the permanent magnets of the rotor 4 via the bearing inner ring.
- the angular position of the permanent magnets relative to the electromagnets can thus be constantly detected via the rotor position sensor 12 . This information is necessary for the correct activation of the electromagnets of the axial flux machine 2.
- Figure 2 shows a somewhat more detailed sectional view of the bearing point 611 with an integrated rotor position sensor 12.
- a component is attached to the bearing inner ring, which has a cylindrical surface and/or an end face as a measurement reference Circumferential position can be detected by the part of the rotor position sensor 12 attached to the bearing outer ring.
- the active sensor part attached to the outer ring is connected to a cable.
- this part can measure radially to the cylindrical reference surface or axially to the face that is orthogonal to the axis of rotation.
- the reference surfaces can have elevations, depressions or recesses, or they can consist of areas with different material properties. For example, different materials can be arranged one behind the other in the circumferential direction or, for example, areas can be magnetized differently.
- Figures 1 and 2 show that in this embodiment between the bearing outer ring and the housing of the stator 3, a sleeve H is pressed.
- This sleeve H can be made of electrically non-conductive material in order to prevent the voltages induced in the rotor 4 or stator 3 by the magnetic fields from being able to discharge via the bearing point 611 . Current flowing through the rolling contacts of bearing point 611 can damage the bearing.
- This sleeve H can also be used to enable simple and functionally reliable cable routing for the rotor position sensor 12 . As FIG. 2 shows, this sleeve H has a partially slotted design, so that one or more lines L of the rotor position sensor 12 can be routed through the slot or through several slots.
- the sleeve H only needs to have a slot or a differently shaped recess on the circumference, through which all lines L of the rotor position sensor 12 can run.
- the sleeve H supports the bearing ring as evenly as possible on the circumference and also has the most uniform rigidity possible, it usually makes more sense to lay several lines L through several slots distributed around the circumference, which are only as large as is necessary for the respective Line L is necessary.
- it can also make sense to provide significantly more slots or differently shaped recesses in the sleeve H than there are sensor cables and to arrange these slots of the same shape evenly on the circumference of the sleeve H.
- the sensor cable or the line L can be laid radially outwards and fastened to the outside of the stator housing. It is particularly space-saving if the line L can be routed in recesses in the stator housing that are present anyway.
- the bearing outer ring or the bearing seat of the stator housing can also be partially slotted in order to be able to route the line L of the rotor position sensor 12 in the axial direction.
- a roller bearing of a bearing point 612 with an integrated shaft grounding element 11 is shown on the right-hand side of the axial flux motor shown in FIG.
- This roller bearing has a connecting contour on the inner and outer ring, to which the shaft grounding element 11 and the component forming the contact surface for the shaft grounding element 11 can be fastened.
- the shaft grounding element 11 is fastened to the stationary bearing outer ring and establishes the electrical connection between the bearing outer ring and the contact surface on the bearing inner ring.
- the shaft grounding element 11 is electrically conductive and always touches the contact surface with a slight contact force.
- the contact surface for the shaft grounding element 11 is not formed directly by the bearing inner ring, but by a separate component, so that the material and the surface treatment of the contact surface can be optimized independently of the material, the heat treatment and the surface treatment of the bearing inner ring.
- the shaft grounding element 11 can also touch the bearing inner ring directly.
- the shaft grounding element 11 can also be attached to one on the rotor shaft W Component or slide directly on the rotor shaft W if their properties are suitable for this.
- Both rotor bearings (bearing points 611, 612) of the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are angular contact ball bearings and are aligned with one another in an O arrangement.
- rotor position sensors 12 and shaft grounding elements 11 can also be integrated into bearings of a different design or attached to bearings of a different design.
- the shape of the rolling element raceway and the rolling elements, which determine the type of bearing have only a minor influence.
- it is important for the rotor position sensor 12 that the bearing rings to which the rotor position sensor 12 or the component forming the reference surface are attached cannot rotate relative to the magnets of the electric motor to which they are assigned.
- the rotor bearings (bearing points 611, 612) are arranged on the opposite end regions of the rotor shaft W and are therefore located radially inside the axial end regions of the two stator halves.
- This arrangement leads to the largest possible bearing spacing within the axial length of the axial flow machine 2 and thus to the largest possible rigid bearing base.
- the bearing points 611, 612 so far apart from one another, the rotor position sensor 12 and the shaft grounding element 11 were arranged axially inside the two rolling element raceways. to In favor of the smooth rotor bearing, the complex cable routing to the rotor position sensor 12 was accepted in this exemplary embodiment.
- the bearing of bearing point 611 with integrated rotor position sensor 12 can also be arranged the other way around, so that rotor position sensor 12 faces away from rotor 4 and is located near the axial end area of stator 3 .
- the line L can then be routed along the outside of the stator 3 in a relatively simple manner.
- the bearing point 612 with the shaft grounding element 11 can of course also be designed in such a way that the shaft grounding element 11 faces away from the rotor 4 in the axial direction and is located near the axial end area of the stator 3 .
- FIG. 3 shows a further example of an axial flux machine 2 in an I arrangement with a further possibility of arranging the shaft grounding element 11 and the rotor position sensor 12, in an axial section in a schematic representation.
- the rotor position sensor 12 and the shaft grounding element 11 are not connected directly to the rotor bearings or are designed to be integrated into the bearing points 611 , 612 . Rather, they are arranged as separate assemblies in the vicinity of the bearings 611 , 612 .
- the rotor position sensor 12 is again arranged on the left-hand side of the rotor 4 of the axial flow machine 2 between the left-hand rotor bearing, which forms the left-hand bearing point 611, and the rotor 4.
- the active part of the rotor position sensor 12 is again shown as a cross-hatched cross section, which is mechanically and electrically connected to the stator 3 via a fastening plate and a connecting element.
- the lines L, not shown in the figure, or electrical conductors of a different design, which connect the rotor position sensor 12 to the motor control unit, not shown, can be routed through the connection element and the interior of the stator 3 to the point at which the stator 3 is electrically connected to the motor control unit is connected. From an assembly point of view, it can be useful to provide a plug and/or plug connection between the connection element of the rotor position sensor 12 and the stator 3 .
- the electrical conductors L required for connecting the rotor position sensor 12 can be installed early in the assembly of the stator 3 in the interior of the stator or even integrated into the plastic parts there (e.g. by casting or encapsulated) and the rotor position sensor 12 is only connected to these conductors L later in the assembly process.
- the reference surface is formed directly by the rotor base formed from the rotor shaft W.
- the figure shows one of the recesses distributed around the circumference and integrated into the face of the rotor base. Since the contour of a rotor component that is required anyway is used directly as a measurement reference, no installation space is required for additional components forming the measurement reference, and the tolerance chain between the permanent magnets integrated in the rotor 4 and the measurement reference is also reduced.
- the shaft grounding element 11 between the right rotor bearing or the right bearing point 612 and the rotor 4 can be seen on the right side of the rotor 4 .
- the shaft grounding element 11 is mechanically fastened directly to the housing of the stator 3 and is electrically conductively connected.
- the shaft grounding element 11 touches the rotor shaft W and slides on the contact surface formed by the rotor shaft W when the rotor 4 rotates in order to ensure a permanently electrically conductive connection between the stator 3 and the rotor 4 .
- the bearing rings can be electrically insulated from the electric motor components to which they are connected (e.g. the stator housing or the rotor shaft W). This can be done, for example, by non-conductive coatings on the contact surfaces. Or non-conductive materials can be used for the existing bearing or neighboring components or for additional components arranged between the bearings and their neighboring components.
- bearings with ceramic components it is possible to use bearings with ceramic components to prevent current from flowing through the bearings.
- FIG. 4 shows another example of an axial flow machine 2 in an I-arrangement, in which, in contrast to the embodiment according to FIG is arranged protected from external influences.
- the arrangement shown is useful, for example, for axial flow machines 2 that have an open cooling concept in which the cooling medium (e.g. oil or a cooling liquid) not only flows through the stator 3 in sealed channels, but also into the gap between the stator 3 and the rotor 4 and/or can get into the housing 7.
- the cooling medium e.g. oil or a cooling liquid
- the sealing elements 14 arranged axially on both sides next to the grounding element 11 are designed as shaft sealing rings, for example.
- other types of seals can also be used.
- Non-contact seals such as gap seals or labyrinth seals are particularly well suited for high-speed electric motors.
- a drain channel K is provided in the exemplary embodiment, through which fluid which has penetrated can flow out again at the lowest point out of the drying chamber 13 provided for the shaft grounding element 11 .
- the drain channel K serves on the one hand to drain off leakage fluid and on the other hand to enable a pressure equalization between the sealed drying space 13 and its immediate surroundings.
- the discharge channel K must end at a point at which it can be ruled out that fluid under high pressure is forced into the discharge channel K from there.
- the channel cross-section must be large enough that no fluid can rise in the outflow channel K by capillary action.
- the undesired penetration and rise of fluid droplets or fluid mist in the channel can also be prevented by filter membranes or other fabric inserts in the channel a hole is present through which the leakage fluid can get into a channel located inside the stator 3 .
- the shaft grounding element 11 has a recess in its outer contour in the region of the bore through which the fluid can flow into the bore from both sides.
- the leakage fluid is conducted through the channel in the stator to a lateral bore in the stator housing, through which the leakage fluid can flow into the housing 7 of the axial flow machine 2 .
- FIG. 5 shows an embodiment analogous to FIG. 4, the shaft grounding element 11 being integrated in a roller bearing and protected by means of sealing elements 14 arranged axially on both sides.
- the grounding element 11 is integrated into the rotor bearing or the bearing point 612 of the bearing 61 between the rotor 4 and the stator 3 .
- a dry space 13 is formed by two sealing elements 14 fastened to the bearing outer ring and sealing against the bearing inner ring and designed as sealing disks or cover disks, in which the shaft grounding element 11 is located.
- the sealing can be done by contact seals or non-contact seals (e.g. gap seals).
- a radial bore (or recesses designed in a different way) are provided in the bearing outer ring, at the lowest point of the circumference, to the right and left of the grounding element 11, through which the leakage fluid can flow into a drainage channel K in the stator 3 can. The leakage fluid is then discharged via the channel in the stator 3 .
- FIG. 6 shows a further possible arrangement of the shaft grounding element 11 and the rotor position sensor 12, these being arranged next to one another on an axial end region of the rotor shaft W.
- An exemplary embodiment is shown in which the rotor position sensor 12 and the grounding element 11 are arranged next to one another on an axial end region of the rotor shaft W.
- the rotor position sensor 12 and the grounding element 11 are mounted in a cover-shaped carrier T, through which they can be connected to the stator 3 as a preassembled structural unit.
- the cover-shaped carrier T, a cover D in the rotor shaft W designed as a hollow shaft and a sealing element 14 designed as a shaft sealing ring between the cover-shaped carrier T and the rotor shaft W create a dry space 13 for the grounding element 11 and the rotor position sensor 12.
- the drying space 13 in this exemplary embodiment can be sealed off with a single seal at which the differential speed occurs.
- a channel can be provided at the lowest point for draining any leakage fluid that may have penetrated.
- the rotor position sensor 12 is positioned in such a way that it can detect the end face of the rotor shaft W as a reference surface.
- the cables or other electrical conductors for connecting the rotor position sensor 12 to the engine control unit can be routed through the cover-shaped support T to the outside (sealed bushing) and then laid on the outside of the stator housing, along in the direction of the engine control unit.
- the elements that protect and seal the conductors at the lead-through point can also form a form fit with the stator 3 that is effective in the circumferential direction and can thus serve as an anti-twist device for the rotor position sensor 12 .
- the illustration also shows an alternative bearing variant for the rotor 4.
- the rotor shaft W is supported on each side via a bearing point 611, 612 designed as a deep groove ball bearing on the respective stator half. One side is designed as a fixed bearing and the other side as a floating bearing.
- FIG. 7 shows a further possible arrangement of the shaft grounding element 11 and the rotor position sensor 12, the stator 3 being supported in the housing 7 via a flexible torque support in the form of a so-called length compensation element 8 .
- FIG. 7 is intended to make it clear that the possibilities presented here of arranging the rotor position sensor 12 and/or the shaft grounding elements 11 in a functionally sensible manner in the smallest of spaces can be combined with very different concepts for the rotor bearing.
- the rotor shaft W is supported by a bearing 62 by means of two bearing points 621, 622 in opposite side walls of a housing 7 of the axial flux machine 2 and the stator 3 of the axial flux machine 2 is in turn supported by a further bearing 61 by means of two axially spaced bearing points 611, 612 of the rotor shaft W and additionally secured via a torque support 8 against unintentional twisting relative to the housing 7.
- Figure 8 shows an axial flux machine 2 in an H arrangement, with shaft grounding element 11 and rotor position sensor 12, arranged between two axially spaced bearing points 611, 612 of a bearing 61 between rotor 4 and stator 3.
- Figure 8 shows an axial flux motor in an H arrangement , in which the rotor shaft W is mounted via a bearing 62 by means of two bearing points 621, 622 in opposite side walls of a housing 7 of the axial flow machine 2 and in which the stator 3 is mounted on the rotor 4 or the rotor shaft W.
- This takes place via two bearing points 611, 612 which are spaced apart axially from one another and are designed as roller bearings.
- the rotor position sensor 12 is integrated in one of the roller bearings and the grounding element 11 is arranged between the two bearings.
- FIG. 9 shows a further example of an axial flux machine in an I arrangement with a further possibility of arranging the shaft grounding element 11 and the rotor position sensor 12, in an axial section in a schematic representation.
- the stator 3 is arranged in the housing 7 so that it cannot rotate and move, while the rotor 4 is mounted in a side wall of the housing 7 via a single bearing point 622 .
- the rotor position sensor 12 is arranged axially on one side of the rotor 4 and the shaft grounding element 11 on the other side.
- Figure 10 shows an example of an axial flow machine in an I-arrangement analogous to the design according to Figure 9, with the stator 3 also being arranged in the housing 7 in a rotationally and non-displaceably fixed manner and with the rotor 4 having two axially spaced bearing points 621, 622 in opposite side walls of the housing 7 is stored.
- the rotor 4 is mounted on or opposite the stator 3, this means embodiments in which the stator 3 is fixed in the housing 7 or fixed to the component 6 supporting the stator 3 and in which the rotor 4 is then mounted on the stator 3 via one or more bearing points.
- the stator 3 is said to be mounted on the rotor 4 if the stator 3 is arranged within the housing 7 via an axially elastic length compensation element 8 - i.e. movable to a small extent in the housing 7 - and is supported on the rotor 4 via one or more bearing points (Embodiments of Figures 7 and 8).
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102020122255.6A DE102020122255A1 (de) | 2020-08-26 | 2020-08-26 | Elektrische Maschinenanordnung |
PCT/DE2021/100597 WO2022042787A1 (de) | 2020-08-26 | 2021-07-08 | Elektrische maschinenanordnung |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP4205269A1 true EP4205269A1 (de) | 2023-07-05 |
Family
ID=77300707
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP21752631.8A Withdrawn EP4205269A1 (de) | 2020-08-26 | 2021-07-08 | Elektrische maschinenanordnung |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20230307988A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP4205269A1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN116076008A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102020122255A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2022042787A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20240022149A1 (en) | 2020-10-26 | 2024-01-18 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Electrical machine arrangement |
DE102022114476A1 (de) | 2022-02-14 | 2023-08-17 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Elektrische Axialflussmaschine und elektrischer Achsantriebsstrang |
DE102022105768A1 (de) | 2022-03-11 | 2023-09-14 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Elektrische Axialflussmaschine, elektrisches Antriebssystem und Getriebemotoreinheit |
DE102022120413A1 (de) * | 2022-08-12 | 2024-02-15 | Carl Freudenberg Kg | Wellenerdungsanordnung |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6765327B2 (en) | 2002-03-27 | 2004-07-20 | The Timken Company | Integral driveline support and electric motor |
JP5450948B2 (ja) | 2007-02-23 | 2014-03-26 | Ntn株式会社 | 回転検出装置付き車輪用軸受 |
DE102018117315A1 (de) | 2018-07-18 | 2020-01-23 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Wälzlager und Lageranordnung mit diesem |
-
2020
- 2020-08-26 DE DE102020122255.6A patent/DE102020122255A1/de active Pending
-
2021
- 2021-07-08 WO PCT/DE2021/100597 patent/WO2022042787A1/de unknown
- 2021-07-08 EP EP21752631.8A patent/EP4205269A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2021-07-08 US US18/042,946 patent/US20230307988A1/en active Pending
- 2021-07-08 CN CN202180055730.XA patent/CN116076008A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE102020122255A1 (de) | 2022-03-03 |
CN116076008A (zh) | 2023-05-05 |
US20230307988A1 (en) | 2023-09-28 |
WO2022042787A1 (de) | 2022-03-03 |
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