EP4189274A1 - Unité de stockage de gaz comprimé et véhicule comprenant une unité de stockage de gaz comprimé - Google Patents

Unité de stockage de gaz comprimé et véhicule comprenant une unité de stockage de gaz comprimé

Info

Publication number
EP4189274A1
EP4189274A1 EP21743513.0A EP21743513A EP4189274A1 EP 4189274 A1 EP4189274 A1 EP 4189274A1 EP 21743513 A EP21743513 A EP 21743513A EP 4189274 A1 EP4189274 A1 EP 4189274A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compressed gas
gas storage
storage device
housing
heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21743513.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Mark Hellmann
Markus BRENK
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP4189274A1 publication Critical patent/EP4189274A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/12—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/005—Storage of gas or gaseous mixture at high pressure and at high density condition, e.g. in the single state phase
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/12—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures
    • F17C13/123—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures for gas bottles, cylinders or reservoirs for tank vehicles or for railway tank wagons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0119—Shape cylindrical with flat end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0345—Fibres
    • F17C2203/035—Glass wool
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0607—Coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
    • F17C2203/0617—Single wall with one layer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
    • F17C2203/0619—Single wall with two layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0103—Exterior arrangements
    • F17C2205/0111—Boxes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0311—Closure means
    • F17C2205/0314—Closure means breakable, e.g. with burst discs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0311—Closure means
    • F17C2205/0317—Closure means fusing or melting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
    • F17C2260/042—Reducing risk of explosion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
    • F17C2270/0178—Cars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0184—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

Definitions

  • Compressed gas storage device vehicle with compressed gas storage device
  • the invention relates to a compressed gas storage device having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • the compressed gas storage device should be suitable in particular for mobile applications, for example for storing hydrogen on board a vehicle powered by fuel cells.
  • the invention therefore also relates to a vehicle with a compressed gas storage device according to the invention.
  • hydrogen in mobile applications, for example to operate a fuel cell vehicle, is technically demanding and represents a significant cost factor.
  • hydrogen can be stored at low temperatures in so-called cryogenic tanks or under pressure in one or more compressed gas tanks.
  • cryogenic tanks or under pressure in one or more compressed gas tanks.
  • storage under pressure i.e. in a pressurized gas storage facility, is the preferred solution.
  • the pressure can be up to 700 bar.
  • the storage device must therefore be designed for such high pressures.
  • a container or storage housing made of metal, in particular steel, or made of high-strength carbon fibers is selected.
  • Carbon fibers have the advantage that they are also particularly light, so that a container made from them has a very low weight, in particular compared to a steel container.
  • the production of such a container is more complex and therefore more expensive, so that steel containers are preferably used.
  • a compressed gas storage device In order to keep a sufficient quantity of hydrogen available on board a vehicle, a compressed gas storage device generally comprises a large number of compressed gas containers of the same type. The cost advantage therefore increases with the number of containers.
  • a compressed gas storage facility in which, for example, the pressure in the compressed gas tanks is 700 bar is therefore designed for a bursting pressure of well over 1000 bar in order to comply with the safety requirements.
  • at least one temperature and/or pressure-sensitive overload valve is also provided for each container, by means of which the pressure can be limited to a maximum permissible pressure. If the maximum pressure is reached, the valve opens and in this way ensures relief.
  • DE 10 2006009537 B3 shows, for example, a pressurized fuel tank with a pressure relief device, which includes a relief valve and a pressure signal line. With a corresponding pressure signal, the relief valve should open so that gas can escape from the compressed gas tank. This is intended to prevent the compressed gas container from bursting.
  • the present invention is based on the object of specifying a compressed gas storage device for mobile applications, in particular for storing hydrogen on board a vehicle, which is designed for high pressures and at the same time has a high temperature tolerance. In this way, a compressed gas storage device is to be provided that meets high safety requirements.
  • the proposed compressed gas storage device comprises at least one metal storage housing, which delimits a storage volume that can be filled with compressed gas, and at least one temperature- and/or pressure-sensitive overload valve arranged on the storage housing.
  • the accumulator housing or the compressed gas accumulator device is surrounded by a heat protection shield at least in regions, preferably leaving the at least one overload valve free.
  • the task of the heat protection shield is to reduce the harmful heat input from the outside to the inside, i.e. in the storage volume filled with compressed gas. In this way, an increase in temperature and thus pressure in the accumulator housing is counteracted. As a result, the temperature tolerance of the individual accumulator housing or the compressed gas accumulator device as a whole increases.
  • the increased temperature tolerance of the proposed compressed gas storage device enables the use of a metallic storage housing, for example a steel storage housing. Due to the high thermal conductivity of metal, metal accumulator housings generally do not have a high temperature tolerance, so that they generally cannot be used in a pressurized gas accumulator device that has to meet high safety requirements without taking further safety precautions. However, metallic accumulator housings have the advantage that high accumulator pressures are possible, since metal, in particular steel, has high strength. In addition, as mentioned at the outset, the use of a metallic storage housing is associated with a cost advantage.
  • the advantages of a me-metallic storage housing come into full effect.
  • the disadvantage of the low temperature tolerance is eliminated by the heat protection shield provided, so that the proposed compressed gas storage device with at least one metallic storage housing also meets the high safety requirements that are placed on compressed gas storage devices for mobile applications.
  • the heat protection shield is preferably a coating, a cladding and/or a housing or includes one.
  • the coating is applied directly to the outside of the accumulator housing and therefore requires little or no additional installation space. Another advantage of the coating is that very good adhesion can be achieved on the outside of the storage housing.
  • the coating can also be applied simply by spraying or spattering.
  • a cladding In the case of a cladding, this can likewise be arranged directly on at least one outside of the storage housing, so that the cladding rests directly on the storage container.
  • the cladding can be arranged while maintaining a certain distance from the storage housing, for example in order to arrange a bracket receiving the cladding between the storage housing and the cladding.
  • the compressed gas storage device comprises a plurality of storage housings, these can have a common covering to form the heat shield. This means that not every individual storage container has to be equipped with its own heat protection shield, so that the manufacturing and assembly costs are reduced. In this way, space can be saved at the same time.
  • the heat shield can be or include a housing.
  • the advantage of the housing is that it does not necessarily have to be adapted to the shape of the individual accumulator housing and can therefore have a simple shape, for example a straight line and/or angular shape. Furthermore, a single housing can easily represent a heat protection shield for a large number of storage housings.
  • the heat protection shield of the proposed compressed gas storage device is preferably made at least partially from a non-metallic material.
  • the heat protection shield does not have to meet high strength requirements because it is not exposed to the high pressure in the accumulator volume.
  • the function of the heat protection shield is completely different from that of the storage housing, namely to reduce the heat input from the outside. through the Functional division between storage housing and heat protection shield can be made in each case a functionally appropriate choice of material.
  • a material with a low thermal conductivity is preferably selected in order to reduce the thermal conductivity of the heat protection shield.
  • the thermal conductivity l is therefore dependent on the design and the material.
  • the heat protection shield of the compressed gas storage device according to the invention preferably has a temperature conductivity of a ⁇ 1 mm 2 /s. This can be realized, for example, by using a heat-insulating material, such as glass or rock wool, to form the heat protection shield.
  • the metal storage housing of the compressed gas storage device is essentially in the form of a hollow cylinder.
  • a hollow-cylindrical storage housing is particularly suitable for high storage pressures.
  • the storage housing can have the shape of a bottle, for example.
  • the accumulator housing has at least one dome-like end section, in the area of which the overload valve is arranged. This means that the overload valve is preferably arranged on the front side. This enables several storage housings to be arranged in parallel, directly next to each other, and thus dense “packing”, which is advantageous for mobile applications.
  • the heat protection shield is preferably arranged in an outer peripheral area of the accumulator housing and extends over an angular range of at least 45°, preferably at least 90°, more preferably at least 120°.
  • the heat protection shield can be designed to be circumferential, that is to say it can extend over the entire outer circumference or 360 of the accumulator housing.
  • the placement of the heat shield depends, among other things, on whether the compressed gas storage units direction is to be protected over a large area or only locally against heat input from the outside.
  • a local heat input can be caused in particular by a single heat source in the vehicle. If there are no other heat sources, the protection can be limited locally. This means that the compressed gas storage device is only partially protected by the heat shield. Since high temperatures can be reached by individual heat sources in the vehicle, at least partial protection is required. In this case, the heat protection shield is formed or arranged at least where the heat input is highest. Because even a merely local failure of the compressed gas storage device must be prevented.
  • a merely local heat input can be particularly dangerous if the location of the heat input is far away from an overload valve that is thermally activated. Because then the local heat input is not detected or is detected too late. This danger can be counteracted with the help of at least a partial heat protection shield.
  • the heat protection shield be designed or arranged in such a way that the at least one overload valve of the compressed gas storage device remains free, i.e. is not covered by the heat protection shield. This is the case, for example, when the overload valve is arranged on the front side and the heat shield is arranged on the outer circumference.
  • the heat protection shield can also be arranged in the area of an end face of the accumulator housing. If there is an overload valve in this area, the heat protection shield can be omitted here.
  • the heat protection shield preferably has an inner contour that is adapted to the outer contour of the accumulator housing.
  • the heat protection shield can thus be designed or arranged in a very space-saving manner.
  • the heat protection shield preferably has a constant thickness, so that the outer contour of the heat protection shield also follows the outer contour of the accumulator housing.
  • the heat protection shield is preferably in full contact with the storage housing. In the event of a fire, for example, this ensures that no flames get between the storage housing and the heat protection shield and that the storage housing is not directly exposed to flames.
  • the proposed compressed gas storage facility can include several storage housings, each of which is equipped with a heat protection shield.
  • the number of storage housings can thus be varied as required without having to make any changes to the heat shield.
  • the vehicle that is also proposed is characterized in that it includes a compressed gas storage device according to the invention for storing hydrogen. Not only the compressed gas storage device, but also the vehicle thus meets high safety requirements.
  • the at least one metal storage housing of the compressed gas storage device allows high storage pressures.
  • the vehicle can in particular be a fuel cell vehicle that converts hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy using fuel cells, in order to use this to drive an electrical machine.
  • the compressed gas storage device is preferably part of a fuel cell system of the vehicle.
  • the compressed gas storage device is preferably arranged in the vehicle in such a way that the heat protection shield of the compressed gas storage device is arranged at least in the area of an outer surface of the compressed gas storage device that faces a heat source of the vehicle. This means that the heat protection shield is placed where the heat input from the outside is greatest. If other heat sources in the vehicle do not pose a hazard, the heat shield can be limited to this area. However, the heat protection shield can also be made larger. In addition, further heat protection shields can be provided.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a second compressed gas storage device according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a third compressed gas storage device according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a fourth according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a fifth compressed gas storage device according to the invention
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a sixth compressed gas storage device according to the invention
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a seventh compressed gas storage device according to the invention
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a pressurized gas storage device known from the prior art
  • FIG. 10 shows a diagram for the graphical representation of the temperature profile in the wall of a storage housing of a compressed gas storage device according to the invention. Detailed description of the drawings
  • a first compressed gas storage device 1 according to the invention is shown in FIG. It comprises a hollow-cylindrical metallic accumulator housing 2, which has a dome-like end section 6 at each of its ends.
  • An overload valve 4 is arranged centrally in relation to the end sections 6 in each case.
  • the hollow-cylindrical metallic storage housing 2 defines a storage volume 3 for receiving a pressurized gas, in this case hydrogen. Since the pressure in the storage volume 3 can be up to 700 bar, it is important to prevent or at least significantly reduce a temperature increase due to the input of heat from outside and the associated further increase in pressure.
  • the memory housing 2 shown is therefore completely surrounded by a heat shield 5 in the form of a coating, leaving the two overload valves 4 free.
  • the coating consists of a material that has a significantly reduced thermal conductivity compared to the metal of the accumulator housing 2, so that the temperature conductivity is reduced. As a result, the accumulator housing 2 heats up to a much lesser extent as a result of heat input from the outside.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further compressed gas storage device 1 according to the invention, which differs from that of FIG. 1 in that the heat protection shield 5 is only partially formed. It leaves not only the two overload valves 4, but also both end sections 6 free.
  • the compressed gas storage device 1 can also have only one overload valve 4, in this case there is the possibility of leaving out the heat protection shield 5 only in the area of the end section 6, in which the overload valve 4 is optionally arranged.
  • This embodiment is shown in FIG. 3 by way of example.
  • Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of a compressed gas storage device 1 according to the invention, in which the heat shield 5 is formed by cladding the storage housing 2 ses.
  • the cladding completely encloses the accumulator housing—leaving two overload valves 4, each arranged on the face side, free.
  • Fig. 5 shows a variant with only one frontally arranged overload valve 4 and a housing as a heat shield 5. Analogous to the embodiment of FIG. 3, the housing is recessed in the end section 6, in which the overload valve 4 is arranged.
  • the housing can be further reduced, so that only those areas that face a heat source in the actual application are protected from heat input from the outside.
  • FIG. 8 shows a conventional pressurized gas tank with a hollow-cylindrical metallic accumulator housing 2 and two overload valves 4 each arranged at the front. Due to the lack of a heat protection shield 5, the inside of the accumulator housing 2 can heat up due to the input of heat from the outside and lead to an increase in pressure, which is associated with an increased risk of bursting.
  • FIG. 9 shows the temperature curve in the wall of a storage housing 2 designed according to FIG. 8 by way of example.
  • the temperature TA on the outer surface AA drops only slightly over the thickness of the wall up to the inner surface Ai, so that the compressed gas in the storage volume 3 heats up considerably. The temperature is therefore just below the maximum permissible temperature T max .
  • a significant reduction in heating can be achieved with the aid of the heat protection shield 5 .
  • This is shown in FIG. 10 by way of example. Due to the poor thermal conductivity of the material of the heat protection shield 5, the temperature TA falls outside the accumulator housing 2 to a value below the maximum permissible temperature T max . The temperature measured on the outer surface A A 2 of the storage housing 2 is thus well below the temperature TA on the outer surface AAI of the heat protection shield 5. Since a further drop in temperature is achieved via the wall of the storage housing 2, there is inside the Storage housing 2 a temperature that is well below T max .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une unité de stockage de gaz comprimé (1) pour des applications mobiles, en particulier pour le stockage d'hydrogène à bord d'un véhicule, comprenant au moins un boîtier de stockage métallique (2) qui délimite un volume de stockage (3) qui peut être rempli de gaz comprimé, ainsi qu'au moins une soupape de surcharge (4) sensible à la température et/ou à la pression disposée sur le boîtier de stockage (2). Selon l'invention, le boîtier de stockage (2) ou l'unité de stockage de gaz comprimé (1) est entouré d'un écran de protection thermique (5) au moins dans des zones, libérant de préférence la ou les soupapes de surcharge (4). L'invention concerne également un véhicule comprenant une unité de stockage de gaz comprimé (1) selon l'invention pour stocker de l'hydrogène.
EP21743513.0A 2020-07-30 2021-07-15 Unité de stockage de gaz comprimé et véhicule comprenant une unité de stockage de gaz comprimé Pending EP4189274A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020209664.3A DE102020209664A1 (de) 2020-07-30 2020-07-30 Druckgasspeichereinrichtung, Fahrzeug mit Druckgasspeichereinrichtung
PCT/EP2021/069830 WO2022023063A1 (fr) 2020-07-30 2021-07-15 Unité de stockage de gaz comprimé et véhicule comprenant une unité de stockage de gaz comprimé

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EP4189274A1 true EP4189274A1 (fr) 2023-06-07

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US (1) US20230272885A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4189274A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2023534868A (fr)
KR (1) KR20230046304A (fr)
CN (1) CN116194707A (fr)
DE (1) DE102020209664A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022023063A1 (fr)

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DE102022127049A1 (de) 2022-10-17 2024-04-18 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Druckbehälter zum Speichern eines gasförmigen Kraftstoffes sowie Kraftfahrzeug

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WO2022023063A1 (fr) 2022-02-03
JP2023534868A (ja) 2023-08-14
CN116194707A (zh) 2023-05-30
KR20230046304A (ko) 2023-04-05
DE102020209664A1 (de) 2022-02-03
US20230272885A1 (en) 2023-08-31

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