EP4161723A1 - Machine-outil et procédé d'actionnement d'une machine-outil - Google Patents

Machine-outil et procédé d'actionnement d'une machine-outil

Info

Publication number
EP4161723A1
EP4161723A1 EP21731961.5A EP21731961A EP4161723A1 EP 4161723 A1 EP4161723 A1 EP 4161723A1 EP 21731961 A EP21731961 A EP 21731961A EP 4161723 A1 EP4161723 A1 EP 4161723A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpiece
tool
recess structure
rotating tool
spindle axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21731961.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Volker Sellmeier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Index Werke GmbH and Co KG Hahn and Tessky
Original Assignee
Index Werke GmbH and Co KG Hahn and Tessky
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Index Werke GmbH and Co KG Hahn and Tessky filed Critical Index Werke GmbH and Co KG Hahn and Tessky
Publication of EP4161723A1 publication Critical patent/EP4161723A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23G—THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
    • B23G1/00—Thread cutting; Automatic machines specially designed therefor
    • B23G1/32—Thread cutting; Automatic machines specially designed therefor by milling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B5/00—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
    • B23B5/36—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor for turning specially-shaped surfaces by making use of relative movement of the tool and work produced by geometrical mechanisms, i.e. forming-lathes
    • B23B5/46—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor for turning specially-shaped surfaces by making use of relative movement of the tool and work produced by geometrical mechanisms, i.e. forming-lathes for turning helical or spiral surfaces
    • B23B5/48—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor for turning specially-shaped surfaces by making use of relative movement of the tool and work produced by geometrical mechanisms, i.e. forming-lathes for turning helical or spiral surfaces for cutting grooves, e.g. oil grooves of helicoidal shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
    • B23C3/28—Grooving workpieces
    • B23C3/32—Milling helical grooves, e.g. in making twist-drills
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23G—THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
    • B23G2210/00—Details of threads produced
    • B23G2210/08—External threads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23G—THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
    • B23G2210/00—Details of threads produced
    • B23G2210/16—Multiple start threads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23G—THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
    • B23G2210/00—Details of threads produced
    • B23G2210/48—Threads having a special form or profile not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a machine tool comprising a machine frame, a workpiece spindle unit arranged on the machine frame with a workpiece spindle driven by a spindle drive around the spindle axis, in which a workpiece is received rotatably about the spindle axis, and at least one tool spindle unit arranged on the machine frame with a by means of a Tool drive around the tool spindle axis rotating driven tool, the work piece spindle unit and the tool spindle unit controlled by a machine control and are movable relative to each other at least in the direction of a Z-axis.
  • the invention is based on the object of producing indentation structures that are variable in terms of shape and course in the workpiece in the most efficient manner possible.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in a machine tool of the type described at the outset in that, in order to produce at least one contiguous recess structure running around the workpiece spindle axis with a first profile component on the workpiece, the rotating tool has at least one radially external and radially external effective around the tool spindle axis Has cutting edge.
  • the advantage of the solution according to the invention can be seen in the fact that it can advantageously be used to create a recess structure running around the workpiece spindle axis and in the Z direction on the workpiece, which can be designed variably in terms of its cross-sectional shape and course.
  • the above-described basic principle of the solution according to the invention provides, in particular, circumferential speeds of the workpiece, such as are selected for conventional turning or machining of the material of the workpiece.
  • the peripheral speeds of the workpiece are preferably in the range of greater than 20 meters / minute, for example in the case of steel in the range from 100 to 200 m / minute or in the case of aluminum in the range from 300 to 400 m / minute.
  • a particularly advantageous solution provides that, in order to produce the recess structure in such a way that it extends with a second profile component in the direction of the workpiece spindle axis, there is a relative movement between the workpiece and the tool in the Z direction, so that at least one helix is similar in the Workpiece can produce continuous, coherent recess structure.
  • the tool spindle axis of the rotating tool is preferably aligned skew to the workpiece spindle axis.
  • the basic cutting engagement path is the area of a cutting edge trajectory which, during a cutting engagement in the workpiece, runs within a circumferential surface of the workpiece with maximum penetration into the workpiece.
  • the recess structure with a recess base with the lowest possible roughness can be produced in an advantageous manner.
  • Particularly low roughness of the recess base can be produced when the concave curvature of the cutting engagement base path has a radius of curvature that is a maximum of 10 times, in particular a maximum of 5 times, preferably a maximum of 3 times a radius of curvature of a recess base of the recess structure.
  • Such a curvature of the basic cutting engagement path can also be achieved in the production of a coherent recess structure, in particular, that the rotational speed of the workpiece is in the range of 0.8 to 1.2 times, in particular in the range of 0.9 to 1, 1 times, preferably in the range from 0.95 times to 1.05 times, even more preferably in the range from 0.97 times to 1.03 times an integral multiple of the speed of the rotating tool multiplied by the number of cutting edges of the rotating tool.
  • curvature of the basic cutting engagement path can also be achieved in particular by multiplying the rotational speed of the workpiece approximately the rotational speed of the rotating tool by the number of cutting edges of the rotating tool and divided by the number of several deepening structures.
  • such a curved course of the cutting engagement base path can also be achieved by setting the rotational speed of the workpiece in the range of 0.8 to 1.2 times, in particular in the range of 0 , 9 times to 1.1 times, preferably in the range of 0.95 times to 1.05 times, even more preferably in the range of 0.97 times to 1.03 times an integral multiple of the speed of the rotating tool multiplied by the number of cutting edges of the rotating tool and divided by the number of several recess structures.
  • such a curvature of the basic cutting engagement path can advantageously be produced by having a diameter of a cutting edge trajectory of the rotating tool in the range from 60 times to 0.1 times, in particular in the range from 30 times to 0.1 times a diameter of the to reaching the deepening ground.
  • an advantageous solution provides that a speed of the workpiece is slightly higher or lower than an integral multiple of the speed of the tool multiplied by the number of its cutting edges.
  • Such a slight deviation in the rotational speed of the workpiece is preferably a maximum of 10%, preferably less than 5%, even better less than 1%.
  • a subsequent cutting operation is offset by an angle relative to the workpiece spindle axis with respect to the workpiece spindle axis, so that the recess structure is generated by successive cutting operations which each have an angular offset relative to one another and as a result a coherent recess structure, which in particular extends around the workpiece, can be formed.
  • the offset of the cutting engagements relative to one another is so small that at least 10, better at least 30, in particular at least 50 and preferably at least 100 in order to create a coherent recess base when wrapping around the workpiece by 360 ° Cutting operations are provided.
  • peripheral surface of the workpiece and the cutting edge that engages in this when generating the recess structure it is possible for the peripheral surface of the workpiece and the cutting edge that engages in this when generating the recess structure to move in the same direction.
  • An advantageous solution provides that a circumferential surface of the workpiece and the cutting edge engaging in this when creating the recess structure move in opposite directions in order to obtain the greatest possible relative movement when performing the cutting operation and thus the highest possible cutting speed.
  • the rotating tool has several tool cutting edges.
  • Such a rotating tool with a plurality of tool cutting edges can either be used to produce multiple recess structures in the workpiece or to machine the same recess structure in addition to the first cutting edge.
  • the tool cutting edges can be used on the rotating tool in the most varied of ways.
  • a cutting trajectory of the at least one tool cutting edge of the rotating tool lies in a plane that is in the area relative to a central plane of the recess structure defined by a mean slope with respect to the workpiece spindle axis of the cutting engagement for generating the recess structure wrapping the workpiece is oriented at an acute angle, i.e. the alignment of the plane of the cutting edge trajectory of the rotating tool does not coincide with the center plane in the area of the cutting engagement for generating the recess structure wrapping the workpiece.
  • one embodiment of the machine tool according to the invention provides that, in order to generate the recess structure, the rotating tool is oriented around an axis parallel to the infeed direction relative to the Z axis coinciding with the workpiece spindle axis and, by means of the machine control, a relative movement between the at least in the direction of the Z axis Workpiece and the tool as well as an infeed movement in the direction of the infeed axis takes place.
  • the rotating tool can be aligned around the axis parallel to the infeed direction by a manually adjustable alignment device, for example on a tool holder, or by a drive that is in particular position-regulated and controlled by the machine controller.
  • the above relative movements can be carried out in a position-regulated manner with the machine control according to the invention.
  • axes for example a Y-axis or a B-axis, can also be used to correct the alignment of the rotating tool relative to the workpiece, in particular also in a position-controlled manner.
  • the solution according to the invention relates not only to the machining of a workpiece with a single rotating tool.
  • An advantageous solution in particular improved in terms of efficiency, provides that a first rotating tool and a second rotating tool act on the workpiece to produce at least one interconnected recess structure.
  • the first and second rotating tools can be used in different ways.
  • One advantageous possibility provides that the first rotating tool generates a sub-area of a recess structure and the second rotating tool generates another sub-area of the same recess structure.
  • first rotating tool carries out pre-machining and the second rotating tool carries out post-machining of the same recess structure.
  • the first rotating tool generates a first side area viewed in the direction of the workpiece spindle axis and the second rotating tool generates a second side area of the same recess structure lying next to the first side in the direction of the workpiece spindle axis.
  • a further advantageous solution provides that the first rotating tool is used to produce a first coherent recess structure and the second rotating tool is used to produce a second contiguous recess structure offset in the direction of the workpiece spindle axis relative to the first recess structure acts on the workpiece.
  • the invention relates to a method for operating a machine tool, comprising a workpiece spindle unit with a workpiece spindle driven by a spindle drive about a spindle axis, in which a workpiece is rotatably received about the spindle axis and at least one tool spindle unit with a tool drive about a tool spindle axis rotating tool, the workpiece spindle unit and the tool spindle unit being driven in a controlled manner by means of a machine control and being moved relative to one another in the direction of a Z-axis.
  • the invention provides that for producing at least one contiguous indentation structure running circumferentially around the workpiece spindle axis with a first course component on the workpiece, the rotating tool has around the tool spindle axis revolving and a radially outer and radially outer effective cutting edge.
  • a particularly advantageous method provides that, in order to produce the recess structure in such a way that it extends with a second profile component in the direction of the workpiece spindle axis, a relative movement is carried out between the workpiece and the tool in the Z direction, so that at least one is helically running in the workpiece recess structure is formed.
  • the tool spindle axis of the rotating tool is preferably aligned skew to the workpiece spindle axis.
  • the speed of the rotating tool and the speed of the workpiece are selected during the production of the recess structure so that the at least one cutting edge performs cutting operations in the workpiece that create a cutting engagement path that runs around the workpiece spindle axis and in the direction of the Workpiece spindle axis runs concavely curved.
  • the concave curvature of the cutting engagement base path has a radius of curvature that is a maximum of 10 times, in particular a maximum of 5 times, preferably a maximum of 3 times a radius of curvature of a recess base of the recess structure.
  • such a concavely curved course of the cutting engagement base path can also be achieved in that the rotational speed of the workpiece is in the range of 0.8 to 1.2 times, in particular in the range of 0.9 times to 1.1 times, preferably in the range of 0.95 times to 1.05 times, even more preferably in the range of 0.97 times to 1.03 times an integer multiple of the speed of the rotating tool multiplied by the Corresponds to the number of cutting edges of the rotating tool.
  • such a curved course of the cutting engagement base path can also be achieved by setting the rotational speed of the workpiece in the range of 0.8 to 1.2 times, in particular in the range of 0 , 9 times to 1.1 times, preferably in the range of 0.95 times to 1.05 times, more preferably in the range of 0.97 times to 1.03 times an integral multiple of the speed of the rotating tool multiplied by the number of cutting edges of the rotating tool and divided by the number of several deepening structures.
  • a further advantageous measure for generating such a concavely curved cutting engagement base path provides that a diameter of a cutting edge trajectory of the rotating tool is in the range from 60 times to 0.1 times, in particular in the range from 30 times to 0.1 times a diameter of the reason for specialization to be achieved.
  • the speed of the workpiece is slightly higher or lower than an integer multiple of the speed of the workpiece multiplied by the number of its cutting edges, in order to ensure that successive cutting operations are offset from one another in the direction of rotation relative to the previous cutting operations and thus the coherent recess structure can be produced in a simple manner.
  • Such a slight deviation between the speed of the workpiece is preferably a maximum of 10%, preferably less than 5%, even better less than 1%, so that the desired angular offset of the successive cutting interventions can be achieved due to such a slight deviation.
  • a slight deviation in the rotational speed of the workpiece it is advantageously achieved that when a coherent recess base of a recess structure is created by means of overlapping cutting operations, a subsequent cutting operation is offset by an angle relative to the workpiece spindle axis with respect to the workpiece spindle axis, so that the recess structure is generated by successive cutting operations which each have an angular offset relative to one another and as a result a coherent recess structure, which in particular extends around the workpiece, can be formed.
  • the offset of the cutting engagements relative to one another is so small that at least 10, better at least 30, in particular at least 50 and preferably at least 100 in order to create a coherent recess base when wrapping around the workpiece by 360 ° Cutting operations are provided.
  • the movement of the cutting edge and the movement of the peripheral surface of the workpiece can run in the same direction.
  • a further increase in efficiency can be achieved if the rotating tool has several tool cutting edges.
  • these several tool cutting edges are preferably arranged around the tool spindle axis at identical angles to one another.
  • the cutting edge trajectory of the at least one cutting edge of the rotating tool lies in a plane which is relative to a through a mean slope with respect to the workpiece spindle axis defined central plane of the recess structure in the area of the cutting engagement for generating the recess structure wrapping around the workpiece is aligned at an acute angle.
  • an amount of the acute angle which specifies a deviation from the central plane, also in opposite directions, is in the range from 0.5 ° to 20 °, preferably in the range from 0.5 ° to 10 ° and even more preferably in the range of 0.5 ° to 5 °.
  • the rotating tool is aligned about an axis parallel to the feed direction relative to the Z axis coinciding with the workpiece spindle axis and at least in the direction of the Z axis a relative movement between the Workpiece and the tool as well as an infeed movement in the direction of the infeed axis is carried out.
  • the necessary movements are preferably carried out in a position-controlled manner, with corrections in the direction of the Y-axis and the B-axis preferably also being made in a position-controlled manner for further corrections to the alignment of the rotating tool relative to the Z-axis coinciding with the workpiece spindle axis.
  • the method according to the invention is not limited to the use of a single rotating tool for machining the workpiece.
  • An advantageous solution provides that a first rotating tool and a second rotating tool act on the workpiece to produce at least one coherent recess structure.
  • a sub-area of a recess structure is generated with the first rotating tool and another sub-area of the same recess structure is generated with the second rotating tool.
  • pre-machining is carried out with the first rotating tool and post-machining of the same recess structure is carried out with the second rotating tool, so that the processing possibilities of the recess structure can thereby be optimized.
  • Another advantageous solution provides that with the first rotating tool a first side area, seen in the direction of the workpiece spindle axis, and with the second rotating tool, a second side area of the same recess structure located in the direction of the workpiece spindle axis next to the first side area, so that in this way, the possibilities for processing and thus for shaping the deepening structure can be optimized.
  • a further advantageous solution provides that the first rotating tool acts on the tool to produce a first contiguous recess structure and the second rotating tool acts on the tool to produce a second contiguous recess structure arranged offset relative to the first recess structure in the direction of the workpiece spindle axis. This means that two connected deepening structures can be produced at the same time, thus optimizing the processing time for the workpiece.
  • a machine tool comprising a machine frame (10), a workpiece spindle unit (40) arranged on the machine frame (10) with a workpiece spindle (44) driven by a spindle drive about a spindle axis (46), in which a workpiece (W) about the spindle axis (46) is rotatably received, and at least one tool spindle unit (90) arranged on the machine frame (10) with a tool (98) driven to rotate about a tool spindle axis (96) by means of a tool drive, the workpiece spindle unit (40) and the tool spindle unit (90) are driven in a controlled manner by means of a machine control (120) and can be moved relative to one another at least in the direction of a Z-axis, with at least one continuous, continuous recess structure (V) on the workpiece running around the workpiece spindle axis (46) with a first profile component (W) the rotating tool (98) at least one around the tool spindle axis (
  • Machine tool according to embodiment 1 wherein for the production of the recess structure (V) in such a way that it extends with a second course component in the direction of the workpiece spindle axis (46), a relative movement between the workpiece (W) and the tool (98) in Z -Direction (Z) takes place. 3. Machine tool according to embodiment 1 or 2, wherein the work tool spindle axis (96) of the rotating tool (98) is aligned obliquely to the workpiece spindle axis (46) of the workpiece (W).
  • the speed (NDS) of the rotating tool (98) and the speed (NDW) of the workpiece (W) in the production of the recess structure (V) being selected such that the at least one cutting edge ( Sl) performs cutting engagements (SE) in the workpiece (W), which produce a cutting engagement base path (SEG) which is concavely curved around the workpiece spindle axis (46) and in the direction of the workpiece spindle axis (46).
  • the speed (NDW) of the workpiece (W) in the range of 0.8 to 1.2 times, in particular 0.9 times, when generating a coherent depression structure (V). times to 1.1 times, preferably 0.95 times to 1.05 times or even more preferably 0.97 times to 1.03 times an integer multiple of the speed (NDS) of the rotating tool (98) multiplied by the number of cutting edges (S) of the rotating tool (98). 7.
  • Machine tool with at least 10, better at least 30, in particular at least 50, cutting operations (SE) taking place to create a coherent depression base (VG) when wrapping the workpiece (W) with a wrap angle of 360 °.
  • SE cutting operations
  • Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the rotating tool (98) has a plurality of tool cutting edges (S). 12. The machine tool according to embodiment 10, wherein the plurality of tool cutting edges (S) are arranged around the tool spindle axis (96) at identical angular distances from one another.
  • Machine tool wherein a cutting edge trajectory (SF) of the at least one tool cutting edge (S) of the rotating tool (98) lies in a plane (SFE) which, relative to a mean slope with respect to the workpiece spindle axis (46) defined center plane (ME) of the recess structure (V) in the area of the cutting engagement (SE) for generating the recess structure (V) wrapping around the workpiece (W) is aligned at an acute angle (e).
  • SFE plane which, relative to a mean slope with respect to the workpiece spindle axis (46) defined center plane (ME) of the recess structure (V) in the area of the cutting engagement (SE) for generating the recess structure (V) wrapping around the workpiece (W) is aligned at an acute angle (e).
  • Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, the rotating tool (98) being oriented around an axis (A) parallel to the infeed axis (X) relative to the Z axis coinciding with the workpiece spindle axis (46) to generate the recess structure (V) and a relative movement between the workpiece (W) and the tool (Z) and an infeed movement in the direction of the infeed axis takes place by means of the machine control (120) at least in the direction of the Z axis.
  • Machine tool according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein a first rotating tool (98i) and a second rotating tool (982) act on the workpiece (W) to produce at least one contiguous recess structure (V).
  • Machine tool according to embodiment 16 wherein the first rotating tool (98i) generates a sub-area of a recess structure (V) and the second rotating tool (982) generates another sub-area of the same recess structure (V). 18. The machine tool according to embodiment 17, wherein the first rotating tool (98i) performs pre-machining and the second rotating tool performs post-machining of the same recess structure (V).
  • Machine tool according to embodiment 15 or 16, wherein the first rotating tool (98i) for producing a first contiguous recess structure (Vi) and the second rotating tool for producing a second contiguous and relative to the first recess structure (Vi) in the direction of the workpiece spindle axis (46 ) offset recess structure (V2) acts on the workpiece (W).
  • a method for operating a machine tool comprising a workpiece spindle unit (40) with a workpiece spindle (44) which is driven by a spindle drive about a spindle axis (46) and in which a workpiece (W) is rotatably received about the spindle axis (46), and at least a tool spindle unit (90) with a tool (98) which is driven to rotate about a tool spindle axis (96) by means of a tool drive, the workpiece spindle unit (40) and the tool spindle unit (90) being driven in a controlled manner by means of a machine control (120) and relative to one another at least in the direction of Z-axis are moved, wherein for the production of a first profile component around the workpiece spindle axis (46) revolving recess structure (V) on the workpiece (W) the rotating tool (98) at least one revolving around the tool spindle axis (96) and one has radially
  • a diameter of a cutting edge trajectory (SF) of the rotating tool (98) is in the range from 60 times to 0.1 times, in particular in the range from 30 times to 0.1 times. times a diameter of the depth to be reached (VG).
  • Fig. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of a machine tool for the solution according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the machine tool according to FIG. 1 in the direction of arrow A; 3 shows a representation of a cutting edge trajectory of a tool with a cutting edge and a cross section through a workpiece in the area of a cutting operation to be carried out;
  • FIG. 27 reaching the starting position according to FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 28 shows an illustration of a skewed alignment of a work tool spindle axis relative to a workpiece spindle axis, taking into account the circumferential speed of the same caused by the rotational speed of the workpiece and the speed of the cutting edge caused by the rotation of the tool during cutting engagement and the resulting cutting engagement speed when performing the cutting engagement;
  • FIG. 30 shows an enlarged section of a report B in FIG. 29;
  • 31 shows an illustration of a second exemplary embodiment of a solution according to the invention
  • 32 shows an illustration of the recess structure produced in the tool with the second exemplary embodiment
  • Figure 35 is a top plan view taken in the direction of lines 35-35 in Figure 34;
  • FIG. 40 shows a representation of the fourth exemplary embodiment in cross section
  • FIG. 41 shows a section along line 41-41 in FIG. 40.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 An exemplary embodiment of a machine tool according to the invention, shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, comprises a machine frame designated as a whole by 10, with a frame base 12, which rests with its underside 14 on a standing surface 16 and a machine bed body 18 rising above the frame base 12. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, comprises a machine frame designated as a whole by 10, with a frame base 12, which rests with its underside 14 on a standing surface 16 and a machine bed body 18 rising above the frame base 12. As shown in FIGS.
  • the workpiece spindle axis 46 preferably runs parallel to the slide guides 26, 28 and also, for example, essentially in the horizontal direction.
  • the workpiece spindle unit 40 can thus be moved in the direction parallel to the workpiece spindle axis 46 and thus in the Z direction relative to the machine bed body 18.
  • the machine bed body 18 is, for example, columnar and on this, in addition to the workpiece spindle unit 40, a tool carrier unit designated as a whole with 50 is arranged, which has a tool carrier 52 which is mounted on a tool carrier base 56 by means of a guide arm 54 is.
  • the tool carrier base 56 preferably has a longitudinal and rotary guide 58 in which the guide arm 54 can be rotated about its longitudinal axis 62 and is displaceable in the direction of its longitudinal axis 62.
  • the longitudinal axis 62 runs perpendicular to the Z direction and thus also perpendicular to the workpiece spindle axis 46 and, for example, also in the horizontal direction, and represents a Y axis of the machine tool.
  • the tool carrier base 56 for its part sits on a tool carrier slide 72, which is guided by means of slide guides 74 and 76 on the machine bed body 18, preferably on a transverse side 78 running transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the front side 34.
  • the slide guides 74 and 76 preferably run parallel to an X axis, which in turn runs perpendicular to the Z and Y axes and thus perpendicular to the workpiece spindle axis 46 and to the longitudinal axis 62 of the guide arm 54.
  • the tool carrier slide 72 is provided with a drive unit designated as a whole by 82 , the housing 84 of which is connected to the tool carrier slide 72 and which is able to move the guide arm 54 in a position-controlled manner in the direction of the Y and to rotate it in a position-controlled manner around the B-axis.
  • a tool spindle unit 90 is mounted on the tool carrier 52, in the tool spindle housing 92 of which a tool spindle 94 can be driven to rotate about a tool spindle axis 96, the tool spindle 94 carrying a rotating tool 98.
  • the tool spindle unit 90 is mounted as a whole on a tool spindle bearing unit 100 about an axis 102 representing an A-axis and in a position-controlled manner to the X-direction as the feed direction for the tool 98, which is perpendicular to the tool spindle axis 96 and preferably also perpendicular to the axis 62 and thus runs perpendicular to the B-axis.
  • a drive unit 104 is provided on the tool spindle bearing unit 100 of the tool carrier 52 for the position-regulated positioning of the tool spindle unit 90 about the A axis.
  • the machine tool comprises a controller 120, by means of which the workpiece spindle 44 and the tool spindle 94 can be driven at precisely definable speeds, the speeds being constantly or variably coupled relative to one another, and the workpiece W and the at least one tool 98 relative to one another by controlling the X , Y, Z, B and A-axis can be positioned with position control.
  • the tool 98 which is driven to rotate about the tool spindle axis 96, is provided with at least one cutting edge S1, which, when the tool 98 is driven by the tool spindle unit 90 on a cutting edge trajectory SF, moves around the tool spindle axis 94 with a direction of rotation DS, the cutting edge trajectory SF relative to Workpiece W is arranged in such a way that, in order to produce the recess structure V, it dips into the circumferential surface U of the workpiece W up to a recess base VG running at a defined radial distance from the workpiece axis 46.
  • the workpiece W is also driven to rotate about the workpiece spindle axis 46 in a direction of rotation DW, the direction of rotation of which corresponds to the direction of rotation DS.
  • the directions of rotation DW and DS it is also possible for the directions of rotation DW and DS to run in opposite directions to one another.
  • a further rotation of the workpiece W about the axis 46 in the direction of rotation DW makes the movement of the cutting edge S1 on the cutting edge trajectory SF appear as if the cutting edge S1 is moving noticeably away from the point P.
  • the cutting edge S1 performs a cutting engagement SE in the workpiece W, which extends in an arc around the workpiece spindle axis 46 over an angular range 7, the expansion of which is caused by the penetration of the cutting edge S1 in the
  • Circumferential surface U of the workpiece W according to FIG. 14 and the exit of the cutting edge S1 from the workpiece W is defined by the peripheral surface U according to FIG Direction to the workpiece spindle axis 46 up to a likewise around the
  • the workpiece spindle axis 46 extends concavely curved and running at the smallest distance from the workpiece spindle axis 46 cutting engagement base path SEG, which is tangent to the recess base VG of the recess structure V.
  • the cutting edge S1 moves again on the cutting edge trajectory SF according to FIGS. 17 to 27 to the position corresponding to FIG. 3, in which both the point P of the workpiece W and the cutting edge S1 again are in the same position relative to each other.
  • the speeds NDW and NDS may be used so that during the next revolution of the cutting edge S1 on the cutting edge trajectory SF of the cutting engagement SE, the workpiece W does not take place at exactly the same point, but instead a cutting engagement SE is generated that is offset by an angle d with respect to the workpiece spindle axis 46 compared to the cutting engagement SE not be different by an integer multiple, but they have to differ slightly from a speed ratio, which results from the number of cutting edges S, in order to be at an angle d with respect to the respective preceding cutting operation
  • the speeds NDW and NDS are preferably selected such that suitable cutting speeds are achieved for the material of the workpiece W and the material of the cutting edge S1 during the cutting action SE and thus when cutting out the material from the workpiece W.
  • the speed NDW is selected as a function of a diameter of the workpiece W so that peripheral speeds of the workpiece are greater than 20 meters / minute.
  • the rotational speed NDW of the workpiece W is selected to be so high that, parallel to the machining with the cutting edge S1 rotating on the cutting edge trajectory SF, a conventional machining of a surface of the workpiece W with a stationary cutting edge according to a conventional turning and / or drilling machining can also be carried out can.
  • a recess structure V is formed by 100 or more cutting operations SE until a wrap angle of 360 ° is reached.
  • recess structures V can be produced in accordance with customary standard threads and, in addition to customary standard threads, as shown for example in FIG Standard threads can deviate.
  • Depression structures V of this type have, for example, webs ST separated by the depression structure V produced, which are different in relation to reference planes E running perpendicular to the workpiece spindle axis 46 Have profile angles ⁇ and ⁇ and, as can be seen in FIG. 30, a web width e which varies in one direction along the workpiece spindle axis 46, at the same time a recess base VG, for example with increasing web width e, also has an increasing distance from the workpiece spindle axis 46.
  • a pitch height SH which defines the distance between the webs ST after a wrap angle of 360 °, can also vary.
  • variations of the recess structure V described by way of example in FIGS. 29 and 30 can be achieved on the one hand by suitable formation of a cross-sectional shape of the cutting edge S1 in a plane running through the workpiece spindle axis 46 and also a varying infeed of the tool 98 in the X direction.
  • the pitch SH should also vary
  • the skewed alignment of the tool spindle axis 96 relative to the workpiece spindle axis 46 can be varied by rotating the tool spindle unit 90 about the A axis during the feed in the Z direction.
  • the rotating tool 98 ′ is provided with two cutting edges S1 and S2 which lie opposite one another with respect to the tool spindle axis 96.
  • a cutting engagement SEI and SE2 takes place alternately due to the feed in the Z direction, the cutter handles SEI and SE2 being offset from one another in the circumferential direction, so that two simultaneously in the direction of the work
  • the piece spindle axis 46 and thus also connected recess structures V that are offset relative to one another in the Z-direction are created which, for example, result in a multi-start thread, as shown in FIG. 32.
  • a plurality of recess structures with possibly definable contours can be produced simultaneously in a simple manner by increasing the number of cutting edges S of the rotating tool 98, for example as in the case of tool 98 '.
  • the two rotating tools 98i and 982 it is possible, for example, to machine one and the same contiguous recess structure V, with the first tool 98i pre-machining, for example in the form of roughing, and the second tool 982 post-machining, for example fine machining in of the type of finishing, as shown in FIG. 36.
  • the first tool 98i can process one and the same recess structure V, viewed in the direction of the workpiece spindle axis 46, primarily on one side and the second tool 982 can process the same recess structure V on the opposite side, so that the shape of the recess structure V is variable as shown in FIG. 37.
  • each of the rotating tools 98i and 982 generates one of two recess structures Vi, V2 running one after the other in the direction of the workpiece spindle axis, as shown in FIG. 38.
  • a fourth embodiment of a machine tool according to the invention shown in Fig. 39 to 41, there is also the possibility of using a tubular part as the work piece W ', in which with a rotating tool 98 on an inner side a recess structure V in the same way as in the above Relationship with the peripheral surface U of the workpiece W described can be produced.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

La présente invention concerne une machine-outil comprenant un bâti de machine (10), une unité de broche porte-pièce (40) disposée sur le bâti de machine (10), comportant une broche porte-pièce (44) qui est entraînée autour d'un axe de broche (46) par un entraînement de broche et dans laquelle une pièce à usiner (W) est reçue de manière à pouvoir être mise en rotation autour de l'axe de broche (46), et au moins une unité de broche porte-outil (90) disposée sur le bâti de machine (10), comportant un outil (98) qui est entraîné en rotation autour d'un axe de broche porte-outil (96) au moyen d'un entraînement d'outil, l'unité de broche porte-pièce (40) et l'unité de broche porte-outil (90) étant entraînées de manière commandée au moyen d'un dispositif de commande de machine (120) et étant mobiles l'une par rapport à l'autre au moins dans la direction d'un axe Z, caractérisé en ce que, pour produire au moins une structure évidée continue (V) dans la pièce à usiner (W), ladite structure évidée (V) s'étendant autour de l'axe de broche porte-pièce (46) avec un premier composant profilé, l'outil rotatif (98) présente au moins un bord de coupe (SI) qui s'étend autour de l'axe de broche porte-outil (96) et qui est radialement à l'extérieur et qui est efficace radialement à l'extérieur.
EP21731961.5A 2020-06-09 2021-06-07 Machine-outil et procédé d'actionnement d'une machine-outil Pending EP4161723A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020115302.3A DE102020115302A1 (de) 2020-06-09 2020-06-09 Werkzeugmaschine und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Werkzeugmaschine
PCT/EP2021/065193 WO2021249958A1 (fr) 2020-06-09 2021-06-07 Machine-outil et procédé d'actionnement d'une machine-outil

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EP4161723A1 true EP4161723A1 (fr) 2023-04-12

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DE (1) DE102020115302A1 (fr)
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DE102023102808A1 (de) 2023-02-06 2024-08-08 Index-Werke Gmbh & Co. Kg Hahn & Tessky Verfahren zum Bearbeiten eines Werkstücks

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB574988A (en) * 1944-02-10 1946-01-29 John Holroyd & Company Ltd Improvements in and relating to the cutting or grinding of worms, spiral gears and helical gears
US3180229A (en) 1962-02-19 1965-04-27 Gardner Denver Co Method for forming rotors
JPS50109593A (fr) * 1974-02-04 1975-08-28
JPS5615958A (en) 1979-07-11 1981-02-16 Sakushin Kogyo Kk Screw machining apparatus
DE19735340A1 (de) * 1997-08-14 1999-02-18 Abb Patent Gmbh Verfahren zum Gewindefräsen
DE10102341A1 (de) 2001-01-19 2002-08-08 Ralf Steffens Profilkontur einer Schraubenspindelpumpe
DE10215939C1 (de) * 2002-04-11 2003-08-21 Ina Schaeffler Kg Elektromagnetisches Hydtaulikventil, insbesondere Proportionalventil zur Steuerung einer Vorrichtung zur Drehwinkelverstellung einer Nockenwelle gegenüber einer Kurbelwelle einer Brennkraftmaschine, sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
JP5147266B2 (ja) 2007-03-15 2013-02-20 東芝機械株式会社 Ｖ溝加工方法
CN101754829A (zh) * 2007-07-20 2010-06-23 住友金属工业株式会社 通过切削形成螺旋状的槽的方法和装置
TWI541090B (zh) 2014-12-03 2016-07-11 Hourglass screw forming machine
DE102017124187A1 (de) 2017-10-17 2019-04-18 Kendrion (Villingen) Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen von einer oder mehreren konkaven Ausnehmungen auf einem insbesondere im Wesentlichen zylindrischen Grundkörper insbesondere auf einem Magnetanker, Stößel oder einer Rückschlussplatte, Magnetanker, Stößel oder Rückschlussplatten, welcher eine oder mehrere nach diesem Verfahren hergestellte Ausnehmungen aufweist, sowie elektro-magnetischer Aktuator mit einem derartigen Magnetanker und/ oder einer derartigen Rückschlussplatte

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