EP4107969A1 - Transducteur intégré - Google Patents

Transducteur intégré

Info

Publication number
EP4107969A1
EP4107969A1 EP21723636.3A EP21723636A EP4107969A1 EP 4107969 A1 EP4107969 A1 EP 4107969A1 EP 21723636 A EP21723636 A EP 21723636A EP 4107969 A1 EP4107969 A1 EP 4107969A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
integrated
membrane
damper
magnet
transducer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21723636.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Norman Gerkinsmeyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP4107969A1 publication Critical patent/EP4107969A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/028—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein associated with devices performing functions other than acoustics, e.g. electric candles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H04R9/027—Air gaps using a magnetic fluid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/025—Arrangements for fixing loudspeaker transducers, e.g. in a box, furniture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
    • H04R7/06—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers
    • H04R7/10—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers comprising superposed layers in contact
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H04R9/041—Centering
    • H04R9/043—Inner suspension or damper, e.g. spider
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2201/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2201/02—Details casings, cabinets or mounting therein for transducers covered by H04R1/02 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2201/021—Transducers or their casings adapted for mounting in or to a wall or ceiling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2209/00—Details of transducers of the moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type covered by H04R9/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2209/027—Electrical or mechanical reduction of yoke vibration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2209/00—Details of transducers of the moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type covered by H04R9/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2209/041—Voice coil arrangements comprising more than one voice coil unit on the same bobbin
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2400/00—Loudspeakers
    • H04R2400/11—Aspects regarding the frame of loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/16—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones
    • H04R7/24—Tensioning by means acting directly on free portions of diaphragm or cone
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/26—Damping by means acting directly on free portion of diaphragm or cone
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H04R9/046—Construction
    • H04R9/047—Construction in which the windings of the moving coil lay in the same plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H04R9/063—Loudspeakers using a plurality of acoustic drivers

Definitions

  • the invention is a sound transducer which can be mounted or integrated or installed primarily in the consumer, pro audio, installation and automotive sectors on land, water and air with the least amount of space, material and weight.
  • the tweeters are usually housed in the mirror triangles, A-pillars or lying in the corners of the I-panels and in the rear in the C / D-pillars or cladding.
  • converter integrated converter technology according to the invention
  • the transducer according to the invention is a ring sound wave shaper, which has a very flat, thin, depending on the intended use, a mostly multilayer, flexible membrane that generates limited sound within the membrane diameter or fastening diameter of the transducer cage.
  • DML 's are generally realized with so-called Exitern. In principle, these are loudspeakers without a membrane, but they have centerings and sometimes also beads. And instead of the membrane, a solid plate, mostly made of metal, is attached.
  • BMR 's are basically flat-membrane loudspeakers with a conventional design, weight and depth, with a relatively hard and thick membrane with a bead, where one tries to generate higher frequencies by adding mass to the middle of the membrane. These BMR ' s belong to the loudspeakers that are better known as piston oscillators but are not really convincing in terms of sound.
  • the converter according to the invention functions significantly differently here, above all without the aforementioned problems and disadvantages.
  • the transducer according to the invention has neither a bead nor a centering and also only a flat and very thin membrane, it is extremely flat.
  • the transducer fuses, for example, with the supporting structure of a cladding and the membrane is formed or covered with the top layer of the cladding (e.g. leather, plastic film, fleece, wallpaper, etc.).
  • the top layer of the cladding e.g. leather, plastic film, fleece, wallpaper, etc.
  • a spiral-shaped conductor track is attached, which is also contacted electrically in the same direction at the respective end and a central magnet (with e.g. polarity NS ) and a rotating magnet (with opposite polarity SN) is mounted around it.
  • a central magnet with e.g. polarity NS
  • a rotating magnet with opposite polarity SN
  • an isodynamic sound transducer is formed in this area from a physical point of view and the transducer according to the invention thus becomes a hybrid sound transducer.
  • the sound wave propagation remains the same, namely that of the ring sound wave shaper according to the invention.
  • the membrane itself can either become thinner or thicker when viewed from the center towards the outside, or it can also have ring-shaped compression or weakening or, for example, radial characteristics. All of the above measures prevent disruptive propagation and reflections of opposing modes and surface resonances.
  • a special shape and design of the voice coil and the magnet has also proven to be advantageous for the high frequency range. Windings that are exchanged in an air gap or are surrounded by magnetic material have a higher inductance which significantly reduces the high-frequency reproduction (similar to a first-order low-pass filter).
  • the state of the art is the use of a so-called copper cap in the air gap, which reduces the inductance of the winding and thus an increase in impedance towards the heights.
  • a voice coil is also used in the converter according to the invention, which uses electrically separate windings wound one behind the other in the same air gap 2, which then electrically selectively in series, jointly in parallel via one or each via its own amplifier channel to be contacted.
  • the inductance is then significantly lower than in the case of the aforementioned or all other conventional constructions, and the high-frequency range is thus transmitted with almost no loss.
  • the converter according to the invention is able to transmit almost the entire audio frequency range, far beyond the 20 kHz range, and in the highest quality. This means, for example, that there are no additional external speakers specifically for the High frequency range. A supplement in the low frequency range is conceivable and, depending on the application, etc., sensible but not mandatory.
  • the transducer according to the invention corresponds to the ideal of a point sound source with optimal impulse and time behavior with the result that, for example, the spatial reproduction is reproduced almost perfectly, one also speaks here of the virtual stage.
  • the converter according to the invention saves installation effort, cables, various protective grids, various tools and costs for the baskets and speaker parts, multiple and deep installation spaces, expensive magnetic materials, fewer amplifier channels, thus also less power consumption, considerable weight, etc. and you can see each other No loudspeaker depending on the degree of integration, a curse for every interior designer.
  • At least one integrated converter comprising:
  • the converter cage which is very flat, with bars or air outlets, the number of which corresponds as closely as possible to a prime number
  • a first magnet system consisting of at least one magnetic yoke, a permanent magnet, a pole plate and a pole core (front side of the yoke) which can have a copper or pole cap,
  • a first air gap of the magnet system formed by pole plate and copper cap
  • the voice coil former 2 which has separate windings on the voice coil former 2, which are wound one behind the other and which each have an electrical contact, each individually or in parallel with one Amplifier channel can be contacted and operated and whose voice coil former is connected to the underside of the first membrane
  • a first elastic central guide damper which is located in the center of the first magnet system in the direction of the membrane and which has air passages / openings, the number of which corresponds as closely as possible to a prime number
  • a second circumferential elastic damper is located on the first elastic central guide damper, which is connected to the underside of the first membrane and the first central guide damper,
  • the first membrane is made flexible and this can consist of several layers
  • the first membrane or supporting membrane is connected or attached to the first very flat supporting structure (converter cage) via a flat, elastic perforated ray-shaped damper that is located up to the outer edge, the number of rays with holes corresponds as much as possible to a prime number
  • a spiral-shaped conductor track that is also contacted electrically in the same direction at the respective end of the winding.
  • the contact can be made together with the other contacts but also separately,
  • the supporting structure (converter cage) is designed in such a way or that it is set back so far that it can be mounted with the supporting structure of the cladding etc.
  • the back of the cladding or the cover or the cover layers etc. is connected in such a way that it can produce sound over it.
  • the supporting structure (converter basket) and the supporting structure of the cladding etc. (e.g. of a vehicle) merges and is a part and that the front of the support membrane directly or indirectly with the underside or back of the cladding / cover / cover layers etc. so connected is that it can produce sound through it.
  • the cover or the cover or the cover layers should be perforated or sound permeable and be designed to be stable so that contact protection, e.g. grids, is superfluous.
  • FIG 2 Integrated converter according to the invention in the vertical sectional view as a hybrid version
  • FIG. 3 Integrated transducer according to the invention in the vertical sectional view in a simple integrated version
  • FIG. 4 Integrated transducer according to the invention in the vertical sectional view in the highly integrated version
  • FIG. 5 Integrated transducer according to the invention in a vertical 3D representation of the rear side
  • FIG. 6 Integrated transducer according to the invention in a vertical 3D representation of the front side
  • FIG. 7 Integrated transducer according to the invention in the vertical sectional view in a further, simpler, integrated version
  • FIG 8 Integrated transducer according to the invention in the vertical sectional view In the highly integrated version with contact protection / grille
  • the flat support structure (transducer cage) 1 with webs and air passages 10, the number of which should correspond to a prime number as much as possible
  • the magnet system consisting of at least one magnetic yoke 14, a permanent magnet
  • the magnet system is mounted in this 11, a pole plate 4 and a pole core formed by the return circuit 14 of the circumferential copper or pole cap 5, in the air gap (formed by the pole plate 4 and copper cap 5) of the magnet system (in the direction of the membrane 2)
  • the voice coil is immersed ( consisting of the coil carrier 8 the 2 separate windings 14, 16 with their electrical contacts 25 and 26) which is attached to the underside of the support membrane 24 in the center of the magnet system
  • there is an elastic central guide damper 12 with its webs air passages 13 the number of which is as prime as possible and which is connected in its center to the underside of the membrane 2 via an elastic central damper.
  • a second circumferential elastic damper 6 which is also connected to the underside of the first membrane and the elastic central guide damper 12, while the first membrane 2 has a flat elastic perforated radial damper that extends to the outer edge 3/23, the number of beams with holes corresponding to a prime number as far as possible, is attached to the flat support structure (transducer cage) 1 via an external narrow web, and so the membrane 2 has a certain flexibility and resonances and modes do not run further outwards and Then there is a circumferential groove 9 outside.
  • the double arrow shows the direction of movement
  • the thin, flexible membrane 2 the dampers 6, central dampers 7, central guide dampers 12 and dampers 3 in multiple layers.
  • Foils, fleeces, fabrics, foams, sandwiches, etc. which can consist of plastics, metals or natural materials or mixed forms of these, and which can be glued on one or two sides depending on the part and purpose, are particularly suitable for this purpose.
  • FIG. 2 shows that the central guide damper 12 has further permanent magnets in the direction of the membrane 2, namely a rotating magnet 17 (e.g. with the NS polarity) and in the center a central magnet 20 (e.g. with the SN polarity), and in the area within the Coil carrier 8, for example on the underside of membrane 2, a spiral-shaped conductor track 18 is provided which is electrically in the same direction at the respective end of the winding, also contacted 27 and 28.
  • the contacting can be made together with the other contacts 26 and 26, but also separately; the double arrow shows the direction of movement further, for example, circumferential elastic dampers such as 6 are conceivable,
  • the support structure (converter cage) 1 is designed so that it is set back so far that it can be mounted with the support structure of the cladding etc. (e.g. a vehicle) 21, so that the front of the support membrane 24 is connected directly or indirectly to the underside or back of the cladding or the cover or the cover layers 22 etc. in such a way that it can produce sound over it.
  • the support structure of the cladding etc. e.g. a vehicle
  • FIG. 1 A highly integrated version is shown in FIG.
  • the supporting structure (converter basket) 1 merges into the supporting structure of the cladding 21 etc. (eg of a vehicle) or is reduced to one part and the front of the support membrane 24 is directly or indirectly with the lower or rear of the cladding or the reference or the cover layers 22 etc. is connected in such a way that they can produce sound over them.
  • FIG. 5 shows the 3D rear view of the integrated converter according to the invention.
  • FIG. 6 shows the 3D front view of the integrated transducer according to the invention with its membrane 2 and the section line information A - A.
  • FIG. 7 A version of a variant of the mounted integrated transducer according to the invention in a cladding support structure (e.g. in the vehicle) 21 is shown in FIG. 7
  • the membrane 2 of the transducer according to the invention is not attached with its front side directly or indirectly to the underside or rear side of the cladding or the cover or the cover layers 29 etc., while the cover or the cover or the cover layers 29 should be so be perforated or sound-permeable and stable, so that a protection against contact, for example a grid 30, is superfluous.
  • FIG. 4 The highly integrated version according to FIG. 4 is shown in FIG.
  • a touch guard or grille 30 is shown or suggested here.
  • the invention thus discloses an integrated converter in a hybrid version with:
  • a first flexible multi-layer support membrane which can have a different thickness profile and punctiform ring-shaped embossings between its center and outer edge and in the center of which there is a spiral-shaped conductor track on the underside / backside at whose respective ends the electrical contact + / - is located
  • a first voice coil consist of a coil carrier with two electrically separated coils wound one behind the other, each of which is contacted via its own electrical contacts + / - and the two coils are immersed in the air gap while the other side of the coil carrier connects the voice coil with the underside of the first Membrane connects
  • a first central guide damper with webs and air passages, the number of which should correspond to a prime number if possible
  • a third rotating magnet (with opposite polarity to the second central magnet) which is located on the central guide damper.
  • a first elastic central damper which is located in the center on the second central magnet and thus elastically connects the underside of the first support membrane with the first central guide damper.
  • a second elastic circumferential damper which is located on the third circumferential magnet and thus elastically connects the underside of the first support membrane with the first central guide damper.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)

Abstract

En particulier dans de domaine des véhicules à moteur et dans le secteur aéronautique, l'intégration des transducteurs acoustiques existants jusqu'à présent dans les surfaces résiduelles des habillages dans les portes, les faces latérales, les plafonds et les tableaux de bord etc. constitue un problème majeur, dans la mesure où ils sont de manière générale relativement profonds et lourds, et représentent avant tout sur le plan optique un défi permanent et par conséquent un sujet brûlant pour les concepteurs. L'invention concerne un transducteur acoustique pouvant être monté, intégré ou installé essentiellement dans le domaine de la consommation, de l'audio professionnel, de l'installation et dans le domaine des véhicules à moteur, sur terre, l'eau et dans les airs, avec l'encombrement, les besoins en matériaux et le poids les plus réduits possible. Contrairement aux hauts-parleurs classiques, le transducteur selon l'invention est un formeur d'ondes acoustiques annulaires qui dispose d'une membrane fine très plate, essentiellement multicouche flexible selon l'utilisation, qui génère de manière limitée du son sous forme de points ou d'anneaux, à l'intérieur du diamètre de la membrane ou du diamètre de fixation du panier de transducteur.
EP21723636.3A 2020-02-18 2021-02-17 Transducteur intégré Pending EP4107969A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020001041.5A DE102020001041A1 (de) 2020-02-18 2020-02-18 integrierter Wandler
PCT/DE2021/000031 WO2021164804A1 (fr) 2020-02-18 2021-02-17 Transducteur intégré

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4107969A1 true EP4107969A1 (fr) 2022-12-28

Family

ID=75801385

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21723636.3A Pending EP4107969A1 (fr) 2020-02-18 2021-02-17 Transducteur intégré

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US11985493B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP4107969A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE102020001041A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021164804A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022118813A1 (de) 2022-07-27 2024-02-01 Norman Gerkinsmeyer Elektrodynamischer Schallwandler

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001333493A (ja) * 2000-05-22 2001-11-30 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The 平面スピーカ
EP2932733B1 (fr) * 2012-12-12 2021-03-10 Norman Gerkinsmeyer Système magnétique pour un haut-parleur, dispositif de magnétisation, procédé pour la fabrication d'un système magnétique et d'un haut-parleur
JP6667074B2 (ja) * 2014-07-04 2020-03-18 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 ラウドスピーカと、これを搭載した移動体装置
US10674271B2 (en) * 2016-10-13 2020-06-02 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Flat speaker and display device
WO2018167538A1 (fr) * 2017-03-15 2018-09-20 Wing Acoustics Limited Améliorations apportées ou se rapportant à des systèmes audio

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102020001041A1 (de) 2021-08-19
US11985493B2 (en) 2024-05-14
WO2021164804A1 (fr) 2021-08-26
DE112021001118A5 (de) 2022-12-22
US20220394389A1 (en) 2022-12-08

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