Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
  • F17C13/12—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
  • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
  • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
  • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
  • F16K31/0675—Electromagnet aspects, e.g. electric supply therefor
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
  • F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
  • F17C13/12—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures
  • F17C13/123—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures for gas bottles, cylinders or reservoirs for tank vehicles or for railway tank wagons
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
  • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
  • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
  • F17C2205/0323—Valves
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
  • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
  • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
  • F17C2205/0323—Valves
  • F17C2205/0326—Valves electrically actuated
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
  • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
  • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
  • F17C2205/0323—Valves
  • F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
  • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
  • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
  • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
  • F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
  • F17C2250/03—Control means
  • F17C2250/032—Control means using computers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
  • F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
  • F17C2260/042—Reducing risk of explosion
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
  • F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
  • F17C2260/046—Enhancing energy recovery
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2270/00—Applications
  • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
  • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
  • F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
  • F17C2270/0178—Cars
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2270/00—Applications
  • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
  • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
  • F17C2270/0184—Fuel cells
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
  • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
  • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

• Hydrogen-based fuel cells are considered to be the mobility concept of the future, as they only emit water as exhaust gas and enable fast refueling times. Fuel cell systems need air and hydrogen for the chemical reaction.
• the hydrogen is stored in gaseous form under pressure in one or more tanks.
• the pressure vessels known today from the prior art often have a large number of tank valves for closing and opening the pressure vessel, which are usually in the form of solenoid valves and can be opened by applying an opening voltage of 12 V, for example. When opening, the valves must first open against a large pressure difference during operation, which briefly requires high energy.
• TPRD's temperature-controlled safety relief valves
• TPRD's temperature-controlled safety relief valves
• the subject matter of the invention is a method with the features of the independent method claim and, according to a second aspect, a system with the features of the independent system claim. Further features and details of the invention emerge from the respective subclaims, the description and the drawings. Features and details that are described in connection with the method according to the invention naturally also apply in connection with the system according to the invention and vice versa, so that with regard to the disclosure of the respective individual aspects of the invention, reference is or can always be made to each other.
• the advantage of the method according to the invention for opening a valve arrangement for a fuel tank is to be seen in particular in the fact that a particularly energy-efficient opening of a plurality of valves is made possible by means of the activation of a valve arrangement for a fuel tank according to the invention.
• the application of the method according to the invention does not require any special valves and thus achieves a cost reduction due to the standardized production.
• the use of the method according to the invention allows an increase in safety in that the tank valves can still be reliably opened even in the event of large pressure differences between the inside and the outside of a pressure vessel, for example due to the occurrence of a fire.
• the method according to the invention for opening a valve arrangement for a fuel tank can be used in particular in motor vehicles, such as passenger cars or trucks. Use in other vehicles or means of transport, such as forklifts, cranes, ships or flying objects, is also conceivable. Use in stationary systems is also conceivable.
• the method according to the invention for opening a valve arrangement for a fuel tank, comprising a pilot valve and at least one further valve, in particular for use in a fuel cell-operated vehicle comprises the steps of applying a booster voltage to open the pilot valve in an opening phase of the pilot valve, and switching off the booster voltage for ending the opening phase of the pilot valve, applying a tightening voltage to keep the pilot valve open in a tightening phase of the pilot valve and alternately switching the tightening voltage on and off to keep the pilot valve open and to open and keep open the at least one further valve in a readjustment phase, so that the middle required open energy for keeping the pilot valve open and the average required opening and / or open energy of the at least one further valve is provided.
• a valve arrangement can in particular be understood to mean an interconnected system made up of a plurality of valves.
• a pilot valve can furthermore preferably be understood as a valve to be activated first before all further valves for closing a pressure vessel, which valve can advantageously be connected directly to the pressure vessel.
• a further valve can accordingly be understood to be a valve to be controlled downstream of the pilot valve for closing a pressure vessel.
• the pilot valve can be dimensioned similarly, preferably dimensioned and / or configured completely identically, as the further valve or valves.
• the average energy required to keep the open position can also be understood to mean, in particular, the energy that must be applied over a certain period of time in the medium so that a pilot valve and / or the at least one further valve is still open after opening State can remain.
• the tightening voltage before the completion of the tightening phase of the pilot valve, as well as the amplifier voltage before the opening phase of the further valve can also be switched off before the readjustment phase is initiated and the tightening voltage alternates can be switched off and on.
• switching off the pull-in voltage to end the post-activation phase can be provided, which can preferably take place via a simultaneous closing of the pilot valve and the at least one further valve. It is also understood that, in addition to at least one further valve, a plurality of further valves can also be provided, which can be opened or kept open at least partially one after the other or at the same time in a readjustment phase.
• the magnitude of the booster voltage is greater than the pull-in voltage, the booster voltage preferably being greater than 12 V. , particularly preferably an amount of more than 65 V, in particular an amount of at least 400 V.
• the booster voltage can for example be applied to a solenoid valve, advantageously in such a way that an opening current of more than 5 A, preferably more than 7 A, in particular at least 10 A, flows at least temporarily in the coil of the solenoid valve, so that a rapid pressure equalization flows is guaranteed.
• the opening phase lasts more than 2 ms, preferably more than 5 ms, in particular more than 10 ms.
• the pull-in voltage is lower than the amplifier voltage, the pull-in voltage preferably having a value of 12 V or less.
• the alternating switching off and switching on of the starting voltage takes place in a readjustment phase in such a way that an opening and / or hold-open current of at least 2 A on average is set.
• the invention also relates to a system for opening a valve arrangement for a fuel tank for use in a fuel cell-operated vehicle.
• the system according to the invention comprises a pilot valve, at least one further valve and a control device for applying a booster voltage to open the pilot valve and for applying a pull-in voltage to keep the pilot valve open and to open and keep open the at least one further valve, the control device being designed and within of the system is arranged so that the mean required energy for keeping the pilot valve open and for opening and keeping the at least one further valve open can be provided by alternately switching off and on the pull-in voltage.
• the system according to the invention thus has the same advantages as have already been described in detail with regard to the method according to the invention.
• the system can also have at least one Have fuel tank.
• the fuel tank can in particular be designed in the form of a hydrogen or natural gas tank.
• pilot valve and / or the at least one further valve are formed in the form of self-closing valves, preferably in the form of solenoid valves.
• a detection unit is provided for detecting measured values to determine a suitable point in time for applying a variable voltage.
• a possible measured value can in particular be the current back pressure or the pressure difference and / or the current internal temperature and / or external temperature.
• a processing unit for determining a suitable point in time for applying a variable voltage on the basis of measured values detected by means of the detection unit is provided.
• a processing unit can in particular subsequently process the measured values recorded by the detection unit, for example averaging and / or weighting or some other type of evaluation, in order to ensure a reliable determination of an advantageous point in time for initiating an opening process.
• the control device, the processing unit and the detection unit can furthermore preferably be connected to one another via a control line.
• control device In the context of an arrangement that can be easily integrated and flexibly arranged, the control device, the processing unit and the detection unit can also be connected to one another wirelessly via WLAN, Bluetooth or NFC or the like.
• the invention also relates to a motor vehicle comprising a system described above, in particular a fuel cell-operated motor vehicle, comprising a system described above.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the individual steps of a method according to the invention for opening a valve arrangement for a fuel tank
• FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of the control profile for further tank valves.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the individual steps of a method according to the invention for opening a valve arrangement for a fuel tank, comprising a pilot valve Vi and at least one further valve V2, in particular for use in a fuel cell-operated vehicle.
• the method includes the step of applying 30 a booster voltage Sizur opening of the pilot valve Viin an opening phase Pi of the pilot valve Vi.
• the amplifier voltage Si is advantageously greater in magnitude than a subsequently applied pull-in voltage S2, the amplifier voltage Si preferably having an amount of more than 12 V, particularly preferably an amount of more than 65 V, in particular an amount of at least 400 V.
• the booster voltage Si is switched off 32 to end the opening phase Bi of the pilot valve Vi.
• the opening phase Bi can last, for example, more than 2 ms, preferably more than 5 ms, in particular more than 10 ms.
• a tightening voltage S2 is applied 34 to keep the pilot valve Vi open in a tightening phase B2 of the pilot valve Vi.
• the pull-in voltage S2 is advantageously lower than the amplifier voltage Si, the pull-in voltage S2 preferably having a value of 12 V or less.
• the pull-in voltage S2 is then alternately switched off and on 36 to keep the pilot valve Vi open and to open and keep open the at least one further valve V2 in a follow-up phase P 3 , so that the average energy required to keep the open Pilot valve Vi and the mean required opening and / or keeping-open energy of the at least one further valve V2 is provided.
• the alternating disconnection and connection of the pull-in voltage S2 in the readjustment phase P 3 preferably takes place in such a way that an opening and / or hold-open current of at least 2 A on average is set.
• the frequency and / or the amplitude of the alternating disconnection and connection of the pull-in voltage S2 in the hold-open phase P 3 can in this case be varied in particular as a function of the operating conditions, for example as a function of the counter pressure or the temperature or the like.
• Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of the control profile for the pilot valve Vi.
• the pilot valve Vi is initially supplied with a boosting voltage Si of 65 V in the present case in an opening phase Pi, so that the current I briefly rises to over 10 A.
• the opening phase Pi of the pilot valve lasts in this case approx. 10 ms before the amplifier voltage Si of 65 V is switched off and a voltage of approx. 12 V is only applied in the pick-up phase P2.
• the tightening voltage S2 of 12 V is alternately switched off and on in the beginning adjustment phase P3, so that the average energy required to keep the pilot valve Vi open is still continuously made available.
• FIG 3 shows the activation profile of the further tank valves V2.
• the pilot valve Vi ensures that the pressure in the high-pressure circuit rises so that the remaining tank valves V2 can be opened against a balanced pressure and with significantly lower energy.
• An amplifier voltage Vi of 65 V, for example, is then not required for this, but the pull-in voltage S2 of 12 V is sufficient.
• the other valves V2 are supplied with an average current of approx. 2 A by the alternating connection and disconnection of the starting voltage S2 of 12 V in the present case, which ensures that the valves are reliably opened and kept open.
• This adjustment phase P3 takes too long until the valves V2 and the pilot valve Viam are closed again at the end of a journey. This is done by adjusting the 12 V supply.
• the frequencies, phases and amplitudes of the voltage supply with the pull-in voltage S2 shown here can also be varied depending on the operating conditions, in particular depending on the back pressure and / or the temperature.
• the booster voltage Si of the pilot valve Vi can also be applied significantly longer and more frequently in order to ensure that it is opened and kept open.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Fuel Cell (AREA)
• Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
• Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
• Self-Closing Valves And Venting Or Aerating Valves (AREA)
• Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=74181151

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Family Cites Families (19)

• 2020
  • 2020-01-22 DE DE102020200679.2A patent/DE102020200679A1/de active Pending
  • 2020-12-23 KR KR1020227028523A patent/KR20220130185A/ko unknown
  • 2020-12-23 CN CN202080094386.0A patent/CN115210496A/zh active Pending
  • 2020-12-23 JP JP2022544100A patent/JP7522836B2/ja active Active
  • 2020-12-23 US US17/794,669 patent/US20230056873A1/en active Pending
  • 2020-12-23 WO PCT/EP2020/087749 patent/WO2021148220A1/de unknown
  • 2020-12-23 EP EP20839319.9A patent/EP4094009A1/de not_active Withdrawn

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