EP4090844A1 - Commutateur de course d'aiguille et injecteur de carburant doté dudit commutateur de course d'aiguille - Google Patents

Commutateur de course d'aiguille et injecteur de carburant doté dudit commutateur de course d'aiguille

Info

Publication number
EP4090844A1
EP4090844A1 EP21716974.7A EP21716974A EP4090844A1 EP 4090844 A1 EP4090844 A1 EP 4090844A1 EP 21716974 A EP21716974 A EP 21716974A EP 4090844 A1 EP4090844 A1 EP 4090844A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
seat plate
injector
ceramic
seat
lift switch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP21716974.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP4090844B1 (fr
Inventor
Norbert SCHÖFBÄNKER
Richard Pirkl
Klaus Weraneck
Carina Rauscher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Liebherr Components Deggendorf GmbH
Original Assignee
Liebherr Components Deggendorf GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Liebherr Components Deggendorf GmbH filed Critical Liebherr Components Deggendorf GmbH
Publication of EP4090844A1 publication Critical patent/EP4090844A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4090844B1 publication Critical patent/EP4090844B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M65/00—Testing fuel-injection apparatus, e.g. testing injection timing ; Cleaning of fuel-injection apparatus
    • F02M65/005—Measuring or detecting injection-valve lift, e.g. to determine injection timing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0671—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/166—Selection of particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1886—Details of valve seats not covered by groups F02M61/1866 - F02M61/188
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/90—Selection of particular materials
    • F02M2200/9007—Ceramic materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/168—Assembling; Disassembling; Manufacturing; Adjusting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a needle lift switch and a fuel injector having such a needle lift switch.
  • nozzle needle also:
  • Injector needle which lets a high pressure fuel exit when an outlet hole of the injector is opened.
  • This nozzle needle acts in interaction with this outlet opening like a plug that allows fuel to escape when raised. Accordingly, it is necessary to lift this needle at relatively short time intervals and to slide it back into the outlet opening again after a short time.
  • Hydraulic servo valves can be used to trigger this movement. Such valves, in turn, are controlled with the aid of an electromagnet. Alternatively, a piezo element can be used, which reacts faster than the valve controlled by means of an electromagnet.
  • so-called servo valves which control the nozzle needle and are themselves controlled via an electromagnetic valve or piezo valve.
  • a pressure level is built up in a control chamber that interacts with the nozzle needle with the aid of the fuel available under high pressure, which pressure level acts on the nozzle needle in the closing direction.
  • This control chamber or this control valve is typically connected to the high-pressure region of the fuel via an inlet throttle.
  • This control chamber also has a small, closable outlet throttle from which the fuel can escape to a low-pressure area. If it does so, the pressure in the control chamber and the closing force acting on the nozzle needle are reduced, since the fuel from the control chamber, which is under high pressure, can flow away.
  • the outlet throttle of the valve is either closed or opened with the help of an anchor element. Since the general principle of an injector for injecting fuel is known to the person skilled in the art, the functionality of this component will not be discussed in more detail below. As already briefly outlined above, the detection of the injector state is of great importance for the controlled operation of the injector. With previous injectors it is not necessary or very expensive to provide a seat plate of the injector, which is electrically separated from the injector housing and conducts current at certain points so that the control valve and the nozzle needle arranged below are connected to the injector coil arranged above.
  • the ability to pass an electrical signal through the seat plate is advantageous in terms of status recognition, since when the injector is closed, an electrical circuit via which the contact of the nozzle needle in the nozzle needle seat of the injector can be generated.
  • the prerequisite for this is, of course, that this electrical circuit is not already closed at another point, so that, among other things, the seat plate must be electrically isolated from the injector housing.
  • the electrical circuit may only be closed via the nozzle needle and the nozzle needle seat.
  • the seat plate of the injector is accordingly a component which, according to the invention, is used both as a contact element for passing through an electrical signal and at the same time has to be insulated from the injector housing.
  • the seat plate contains a passage running from top to bottom, which is the outlet throttle of an injector.
  • the control chamber below is filled with fuel under high pressure via an inlet, so that the nozzle needle is forced into its closed position.
  • the anchor element lifts from a through opening, the fuel stored under high pressure flows out and reduces the force acting on the nozzle needle, so that it lifts from its outlet openings and fuel can flow out as a result.
  • the more detailed functionality of an injector is shown, for example, in DE 10 2017 116 383.2.
  • the needle lift switch for a fuel injector comprises a seat plate with a plate-like base body and a passage connecting the two flat sides of the plate-like base body, an anchor element which can be lifted off the passage of the seat plate and placed thereon in a sealing manner, and a control valve , which is arranged on the side of the seat plate opposite to the anchor element and is designed to interact with a nozzle needle, the seat plate being electrically insulated from a surrounding injector housing and an electrical connection to the injector housing only being possible via the nozzle needle cooperating with the seat plate.
  • the needle lift switch is characterized in that at least one ceramic and / or plastic part contacting the seat plate is present in order to produce the insulation of the seat plate from the injector housing surrounding it.
  • the at least one ceramic and / or plastic part is an all-ceramic part.
  • Ceramic is dimensionally stable, especially under high and also pulsating pressure loads, and shows excellent wear resistance.
  • the at least one ceramic and / or plastic part can be designed to be detachable from the seat plate. Accordingly, it is clear that the ceramic and / or plastic part does not merely represent a coating on the seat plate, but is a separate part from the seat plate.
  • the nozzle needle base body made of an electrically conductive material, eg. A metal, and preferably the plastic and / or ceramic sleeve of an electrical insulator, the example.
  • the components Al 2 O 3, Zr 2 Ü3 and / or ShNh includes or consists of at least one of these components.
  • zirconium oxide is advantageous in use here, as it has a very similar coefficient of thermal expansion to steel and is therefore also well suited for press connections. Due to the almost identical thermal expansion behavior, interference fits can also be used for applications with high
  • zirconium oxide is very tough and can therefore be particularly advantageous in the case of sudden or pulsating
  • zirconium oxide has clear advantages over aluminum oxide because it hardly causes any wear on the contact partners.
  • the at least one ceramic and / or plastic part has a sleeve shape, in particular a ring shape or has a cylindrical jacket shape, which is suitable for radially surrounding the seat plate, the seat plate preferably being inserted into the sleeve-shaped ceramic and / or plastic part in order to achieve radial centering of the seat plate and to form electrical insulation between the seat plate and the injector housing.
  • This sleeve-shaped ceramic and / or plastic part essentially serves to protect the current-carrying seat plate from direct electrical contact with the injector housing surrounding the seat plate.
  • a contact with the injector housing should be made exclusively via the nozzle needle and the nozzle needle seat which receives the nozzle needle in the closed state of the injector, in order to determine in a simple manner whether the injector is open or closed.
  • the sleeve-shaped ceramic and / or plastic part for radially surrounding the seat plate is firmly connected to the injector housing, preferably by a material or form-fitting connection such as gluing or soldering.
  • the at least one ceramic and / or plastic part is a seat part which interacts with the anchor element and can be placed onto the passage of the seat plate in a sealing manner, the seat part preferably having a cylindrical shape.
  • the seat part can have rounded corners for placing on the passage of the seat plate in order to prevent the edges from breaking out, the vibratory grinding process preferably being used to produce the rounded corners.
  • the provision of rounded corners is advantageous since the edges can thus be prevented from breaking out during operation.
  • the seat part can be a ceramic part, which is preferably produced by hot isostatic pressing. Ceramic also shows excellent wear resistance when the fuel contains small solid particles, which have an abrasive effect when flowing along the seat part achieve. In particular, when the injector injects fuel and the seat part is lifted from the passage of the seat plate, fuel flows out of the passage at a very high speed and comes into contact with the seat part.
  • the seat part electrically insulates the seat plate from the anchor element and from an anchor guide of the anchor element.
  • the at least one ceramic and / or plastic part is a seat plate support, which is arranged on the flat side of the plate-like base body of the seat plate facing the anchor element, and the seat plate is supported by an anchor guide of the anchor element or the Injector housing electrically insulated.
  • the seat plate support rests on the flat side of the plate-like base body of the seat plate facing the anchor element and preferably has an annular shape.
  • the seat plate support prevents conductive contact between the armature guide and the seat plate, so that the seat plate is electrically isolated from it.
  • the invention also relates to a fuel injector with a needle lift switch according to one of the preceding variants.
  • the fuel! njektor has an injector status detection, which detects an injector status of a closed injector on the basis of a current flowing through the nozzle needle and injector housing.
  • Another aspect of the invention is an engine with a fuel! Comprises injector according to one of the preceding variants. Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent on the basis of the following description of the figures. Show:
  • Fig. 3 an enlarged representation of an inventive
  • Embodiment of the present invention. 1 shows a partial sectional view of an injector 10 from the prior art.
  • the injector 10 can be seen, which has a housing 14 in which several injector components are arranged.
  • Essential for the function of the injector 10 are the injector needle 15, the valve formed by armature 11 and seat plate 1, and the electromagnet 12, 13, which has a coil winding 16, an inner magnetic pole 12 and an outer magnetic pole 13.
  • a recess is provided in the inner magnetic pole 12 for arranging the spring 17, which presses the armature element 11 in the direction of the valve in order to close the outlet throttle of the valve in a fluid-tight manner when the electromagnet 12, 13 is de-energized.
  • the electromagnet 12, 13 If the electromagnet 12, 13 is activated, it pulls the armature element 11 away from the valve with the aid of magnetic force, so that fuel under high pressure can flow out of the passage 6 from a control chamber that can be closed by the valve. Since this reduces the pressure in the control chamber that acts on the injector needle 15, it can slide out of a closed position and enables fuel to be dispensed from the injector 10. If, on the other hand, the electromagnet 12, 13 is switched to a de-energized state, the Magnetic force acting on the armature element 11, so that the spring element 17 presses the armature element 11 onto the outlet opening of the valve and seals the control chamber or the passage 6. This increases the pressure acting on the injector needle 15, causing it to return to its closed position is pressed. Accordingly, fuel no longer flows out of the outlet opening of the injector 10.
  • FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of an injector 10 with a needle lift switch 20 according to the invention.
  • a sleeve-shaped ceramic and / or plastic part 3 which surrounds the seat plate in the radial circumferential direction.
  • the sleeve 3 can be firmly connected to the injector housing, in particular glued or soldered. In addition to electrical insulation, the sleeve 3 is used for radial centering of the seat plate 1.
  • a seat part 4 can be seen in FIG. 2, which is preferably made of ceramic (for example Al2O3 or ShNh) and interacts with the anchor element 11 in such a way that it can close the passage 6 of the seat plate. If the anchor element 11 is attracted by the seat plate 1, the passage 6 of the seat plate 1 also opens and an outflow of fuel under high pressure occurs, so that the pressure in the control chamber drops and the nozzle needle 15 lifts out of its nozzle needle seat comes.
  • ceramic for example Al2O3 or ShNh
  • an insulating seat part 4 is now provided between the anchor element 11 and the seat plate.
  • This usually cylindrical element can have rounded edges and must be checked for cracks due to the dynamic impact stress. It is also advantageous if it is produced using hot isostatic pressing. It is particularly advantageous for the seat part if it is made of ceramic, since ceramic has excellent wear resistance and, in particular, is also durable against the abrasive effect of solid particles present in the fuel. Thus, fuel flows at high speed on the underside of the seat part 4 if the injector is in its open position.
  • the seat part 4 electrically isolates the seat plate 1 from the anchor element 11 and the anchor guide or the injector housing.
  • a seat plate support 5 is shown as a further ceramic and / or plastic part, which separates the seat plate 1 on its side facing the anchor element 11 from the anchor guide or the injector housing 14.
  • the seat plate support is advantageously made of ceramic. Ceramic remains dimensionally stable even under high pressure loads, so that deformation that changes the armature stroke setting cannot occur.
  • the seat plate support 5 is advantageously in a ring that has an inner diameter that is greater than the outer diameter of the seat part 4. Finally, both ceramic and / or plastic parts 4, 5 rest on the flat side of the seat plate 1 facing the anchor element 11.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged illustration from FIG. 2, from which the ceramic and / or plastic parts can be seen particularly well.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un commutateur de course d'aiguille et un injecteur de carburant équipé dudit commutateur de course d'aiguille, le commutateur de course d'aiguille pour un injecteur de carburant comprenant une plaque de siège ayant un corps principal de type plaque et un passage raccordant les deux côtés plats du corps principal de type plaque, un élément d'ancrage qui peut être soulevé du passage dans la plaque de siège et qui peut être placé sur celui-ci pour former un joint d'étanchéité, et une soupape de commande qui est disposée sur le côté de la plaque de siège à l'opposé de l'élément d'ancrage et qui est conçue pour interagir avec une aiguille d'injection. La plaque de siège est isolée électriquement d'un logement d'injecteur entourant celle-ci et une connexion électrique au logement d'injecteur est possible uniquement par l'intermédiaire de l'aiguille d'injection qui interagit avec la plaque de siège. En outre, le commutateur de course d'aiguille est caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu au moins une pièce en céramique et/ou en matière plastique qui est en contact avec la plaque de siège pour isoler la plaque de siège du logement d'injecteur l'entourant.
EP21716974.7A 2020-03-30 2021-03-25 Commutateur de course d'aiguille et injecteur de carburant doté dudit commutateur de course d'aiguille Active EP4090844B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020108668.7A DE102020108668A1 (de) 2020-03-30 2020-03-30 Nadelhubschalter und Kraftstoffinjektor mit einem solchen Nadelhubschalter
PCT/EP2021/057776 WO2021198024A1 (fr) 2020-03-30 2021-03-25 Commutateur de course d'aiguille et injecteur de carburant doté dudit commutateur de course d'aiguille

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4090844A1 true EP4090844A1 (fr) 2022-11-23
EP4090844B1 EP4090844B1 (fr) 2024-02-21

Family

ID=75426563

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21716974.7A Active EP4090844B1 (fr) 2020-03-30 2021-03-25 Commutateur de course d'aiguille et injecteur de carburant doté dudit commutateur de course d'aiguille

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20230146257A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4090844B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN115349052A (fr)
DE (1) DE102020108668A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021198024A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6220980A (ja) 1985-07-18 1987-01-29 Diesel Kiki Co Ltd 電磁弁
GB8627868D0 (en) 1986-11-21 1986-12-31 Lucas Ind Plc Fuel injection nozzle
DE3834444A1 (de) 1988-10-10 1990-04-12 Mesenich Gerhard Elektromagnetisches einspritzventil mit membranfeder
JP3719468B2 (ja) 1996-09-02 2005-11-24 株式会社デンソー 蓄圧式燃料噴射装置
DE102005018589A1 (de) 2005-04-21 2006-11-02 Siemens Ag Nadelführungskörper für einen Injektor eines Einspritzsystems sowie Kontaktiervorrichtung mit einem Nadelführungskörper und Injektor mit einer Kontaktiervorrichtung
JP2009197947A (ja) 2008-02-22 2009-09-03 Denso Corp 電磁弁および燃料噴射弁
FR3050770B1 (fr) 2016-04-29 2019-12-20 Delphi Technologies Ip Limited Injecteur de carburant
DE102017116383A1 (de) 2017-07-20 2019-01-24 Liebherr-Components Deggendorf Gmbh Injektor zum Einspritzen von Krafstoff
DE102018101351A1 (de) 2018-01-22 2019-07-25 Liebherr-Components Deggendorf Gmbh Sitzplatte für einen Injektor und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer solchen Sitzplatte
DE102019121538A1 (de) 2019-08-09 2021-02-11 Liebherr-Components Deggendorf Gmbh Sitzplatte für einen Injektor und Verfahren zum Herstellen einer solchen Sitzplatte

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20230146257A1 (en) 2023-05-11
CN115349052A (zh) 2022-11-15
WO2021198024A1 (fr) 2021-10-07
EP4090844B1 (fr) 2024-02-21
DE102020108668A1 (de) 2021-09-30

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