EP4089233A1 - Rail grinding machine and method for grinding rails of a track - Google Patents

Abstract

A rail grinding machine (1) for grinding rails (2) of a track comprises a machine frame (3), a plurality of guide rollers (4) rotatably mounted on the machine frame (3), a cross slide (13) and at least one grinding unit (61), which is arranged on the cross slide (13). The cross slide (13) is mounted on the machine frame (3) so that it can be displaced in a transverse direction (y). The rail grinding machine (1) comprises a rough positioning device (22) for rough positioning and a fine positioning device (23) for fine positioning of the cross slide (13) in the transverse direction (y). In addition, there is also a method for grinding rails of a track.

Description

The content of the German patent application DE 10 2021 204 880.3 is incorporated herein by reference.

The invention relates to a rail grinding machine and a method for grinding rails on a track.

From the CN 106 192 630 A a rail grinding machine is known. The rail grinding machine comprises a machine frame on which guide rollers for manually moving the rail grinding machine on the rails are rotatably mounted. For positioning a grinding unit, the rail grinding machine comprises a first cross slide, which is arranged on the machine frame so as to be displaceable transversely to the longitudinal direction of the rails, and a second cross slide, which is arranged on the first cross slide so as to be displaceable transversely to the longitudinal direction of the rails. The height of the grinding unit is adjustable on the second cross slide. The first cross slide enables rough positioning of the grinding unit, whereas the second cross slide enables fine positioning of the grinding unit.

The invention is based on the object of creating a rail grinding machine that enables simple, reliable and flexible coarse positioning and fine positioning of a grinding unit.

This object is achieved by a rail grinding machine having the features of claim 1. Because both the coarse positioning device and the fine positioning device with the Cross slides interact, the at least one grinding unit can be positioned easily, reliably and flexibly in the transverse direction relative to the machine frame and thus relative to a rail. The coarse positioning device and the fine positioning device therefore work together with a single cross slide. Due to the fact that the at least one grinding unit is arranged on the cross slide, the at least one grinding unit is also positioned in the transverse direction by positioning the cross slide. The cross slide is mounted directly on the machine frame. The cross slide is in particular mounted on the machine frame and/or rests on the machine frame.

The machine frame can be moved manually in a longitudinal direction by means of the guide rollers. The longitudinal direction corresponds to the longitudinal direction of the rail. The transverse direction runs transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the longitudinal direction. For displacement, the cross slide includes, in particular, a plurality of cross slide guide rollers. The cross slide guide rollers rest against the machine frame in particular. The cross carriage preferably comprises at least two cross carriage guide rollers, in particular at least four cross carriage guide rollers and in particular at least six cross carriage guide rollers, which bear against the machine frame. The cross slide guide rollers are preferably arranged at a distance from one another in a vertical direction. As a result, at least one first cross slide guide roller rests against an upper side of the machine frame, whereas at least one second cross slide guide roller rests against an underside of the machine frame. Viewed in the vertical direction, the machine frame thus runs between the cross slide guide rollers. The vertical direction runs transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction.

The at least one grinding unit includes in particular a respective grinding tool drive for driving a respective grinding tool. The respective grinding tool can be driven in rotation about an axis of rotation by means of the grinding tool drive. The grinding tool is, for example, a cup wheel and/or a grinding wheel. The respective grinding tool drive comprises in particular an internal combustion engine and/or an electric motor.

The coarse positioning device and the fine positioning device can be actuated independently of one another for positioning the cross slide. For this purpose, the coarse positioning device includes a first actuating element and the fine positioning device includes a second actuating element. The cross slide is roughly positioned by means of the first actuating element, whereas the cross slide is finely positioned by means of the second actuating element. The fine positioning takes place in particular in a set and locked coarse position of the cross slide. The fine positioning device enables more precise positioning of the cross slide in the transverse direction than the coarse positioning device.

A rail grinding machine according to claim 2 ensures simple, reliable and flexible coarse positioning and fine positioning of a grinding unit. The actuating mechanism is connected in particular to the fine positioning device. The fine positioning device comprises in particular a first component and a second component which can be displaced relative to one another in the transverse direction for fine positioning. For rough positioning, the actuating mechanism is actuated manually and the position of the cross slide is roughly adjusted via the non-actuated fine positioning device or via the first component and the second component of the fine positioning device. To the Fine positioning, the coarse positioning device is locked so that the second component of the fine positioning device is fixed in the transverse direction. By actuating the first component, fine positioning takes place in the set and locked coarse position. The coarse positioning device thus acts on the fine positioning device.

A rail grinding machine according to claim 3 ensures simple, reliable and flexible coarse positioning and fine positioning of a grinding unit. The actuating element is in particular part of an actuating mechanism of the rough positioning device. The actuating element is designed, for example, as a lever.

In a first exemplary embodiment, the actuating element is arranged on the machine frame such that it can be pivoted about a pivot axis. The pivot axis runs parallel to a longitudinal direction. The longitudinal direction corresponds to a rail longitudinal direction. The actuating element is connected to the fine positioning device by means of a connecting element. The connecting element is in particular part of the actuating mechanism. The connecting element can be subjected to tensile and compressive loads. The connecting element is a connecting rod, for example. The connecting element is connected at a first end to the actuating element and at a second end to the fine positioning device, in particular to the second component. The connecting element is connected to the actuating element at a distance from the pivot axis, so that by pivoting the actuating element the connecting element is subjected to pressure or tension depending on the pivoting direction. By pivoting the actuating element, in particular the angle between the actuating element and the connecting element is changed. The connecting element is preferably pivotable connected to the actuating element and pivotably connected to the fine positioning device or the second component of the fine positioning device.

In a second embodiment, the actuator is linearly displaceable relative to the machine frame. The rough positioning device preferably includes a linear guide for the actuating element. The linear guide is in particular part of the actuating mechanism. The linear guide is preferably arranged on the machine frame. The actuating element is connected in particular to the fine positioning device or to the second component of the fine positioning device.

A rail grinding machine according to claim 4 ensures simple, reliable and flexible coarse positioning and fine positioning of a grinding unit. The first component and the second component are displaceable relative to one another in the transverse direction for fine positioning. The first component is designed in particular as a threaded spindle, whereas the second component is designed in particular as a spindle nut. The first component is not displaceable in the transverse direction relative to the cross slide, whereas the second component is displaceable in the transverse direction relative to the first component. The first component can be actuated in particular by means of an actuating element of the fine positioning device. The second component is connected to the actuating element of the coarse positioning device. The actuating element of the coarse positioning device can be displaced in particular relative to the machine frame. The second component can be locked relative to the machine frame, in particular by means of a locking unit. Preferably, the actuating element of the coarse positioning device is by means of the locking unit lockable relative to the machine frame. For coarse positioning, the actuating element of the coarse positioning device is displaced relative to the machine frame, with the displacement movement being transmitted to the second component of the fine positioning device and to the cross slide. For the subsequent fine positioning, the actuating element of the coarse positioning device is locked by means of the locking unit, as a result of which the second component of the fine positioning device is also locked. The first component is then actuated and the cross slide is finely positioned by means of the actuating element of the fine positioning device.

A rail grinding machine according to claim 5 ensures simple, reliable and flexible coarse positioning and fine positioning of a grinding unit. The coarse positioning device or a set coarse position of the cross slide is locked by the locking unit. In the arrested coarse position, the cross slide can be positioned exactly or finely using the fine positioning device. In particular, a positive and/or frictional locking takes place by means of the locking unit. A rough position is locked relative to the machine frame. Preferably, the locking unit is used to lock an actuating mechanism of the coarse positioning device in a form-fitting and/or friction-locking manner. In particular, the locking unit is at least partially integrated into an actuating element of the rough positioning device. The locking unit includes in particular a locking element and an associated counter-locking element. The counter-locking element is attached to the machine frame, for example. The locking element is mounted on the actuating element of the coarse positioning device, in particular integrated into the actuating element. The locking element is in particular by means of a locking actuator operated. The locking actuation element is preferably connected to the locking element via a locking actuation mechanism. The locking-actuating mechanism is designed in particular in such a way that the locking element interacts with the counter-locking element to lock a rough position when the locking-actuating element is in a non-actuated state and does not interact with the counter-locking element when the locking-actuating element is in an actuated state lock releases. The locking unit is designed in particular as a dead man's locking unit.

A rail grinding machine according to claim 6 ensures simple, reliable and flexible coarse positioning and fine positioning of a grinding unit. The spindle unit is used to convert rotary motion into linear motion. The threaded spindle forms a first component of the fine positioning device. The threaded spindle is rotatably mounted on the cross slide. The threaded spindle cannot be displaced in the transverse direction relative to the cross slide. The threaded spindle is stationarily connected to the cross slide in the transverse direction. The threaded spindle can be actuated in particular by means of an actuating element of the fine positioning device, in particular it can be rotated about a spindle axis. For this purpose, the actuating element is connected to the threaded spindle in a torque-transmitting manner. The spindle nut forms a second component of the fine positioning device. The spindle nut is rotatably mounted on the threaded spindle relative to the threaded spindle, so that a rotary movement of the threaded spindle and the spindle nut relative to one another results in a linear movement of the threaded spindle and the spindle nut relative to one another along the spindle axis or in the transverse direction. A setting accuracy of the fine positioning device can be specified or set via a thread pitch of the spindle unit will. An actuating element of the coarse positioning device is preferably connected to the spindle nut. The actuating element is designed in particular as a lever. The actuating element of the coarse positioning device is displaceable relative to the machine frame.

A rail grinding machine according to claim 7 ensures simple, reliable and flexible coarse positioning and fine positioning of a grinding unit. By connecting the spindle nut to the actuating mechanism, simple, reliable and flexible rough positioning is possible on the one hand. For this purpose, the actuating mechanism is actuated, which acts on the spindle nut and displaces the spindle nut in the transverse direction in the desired manner. When the fine positioning device is not actuated, the spindle nut is stationary relative to the cross slide in the transverse direction, so that the cross slide is roughly positioned in the desired way in the transverse direction. For this purpose, the spindle unit is designed in particular to be self-locking. On the other hand, the connection of the spindle nut to the actuating mechanism enables simple, reliable and flexible fine positioning. For this purpose, the rough positioning device, in particular the actuating mechanism, is locked in a rough position, preferably by means of a locking unit. When the threaded spindle is actuated or rotated, the actuating mechanism prevents the spindle nut from rotating, so that the threaded spindle is linearly displaced relative to the spindle nut due to the rotation. Since the threaded spindle is connected to the cross slide in a stationary manner in the transverse direction, the cross slide and thus the at least one grinding unit arranged thereon are positioned exactly or finely. The threaded spindle is particularly manual adjustable, preferably by means of an actuating element. The actuating element is designed, for example, as a handwheel.

A rail grinding machine according to claim 8 ensures simple, reliable and flexible coarse positioning and fine positioning of a grinding unit. The fine positioning device includes bearings that are used to rotatably mount the threaded spindle on the cross slide. The bearings are connected to the cross slide spaced in the transverse direction. The threaded spindle is rotatably mounted in the bearings at the end. As a result of the bearing, the threaded spindle can be rotated relative to the cross slide on the one hand and is stationary relative to the cross slide on the other hand in the transverse direction. A linear displacement of the threaded spindle relative to the cross slide in the transverse direction is therefore not possible, especially not when the threaded spindle is rotated. The rotatable mounting enables the fine positioning device to be actuated. When the fine positioning device is actuated, the threaded spindle and the spindle nut are linearly displaced relative to one another in the transverse direction.

A rail grinding unit according to claim 9 ensures simple, reliable and flexible coarse positioning and fine positioning of a grinding unit. The actuating element is used in particular for manually actuating a spindle unit, preferably for manually rotating a threaded spindle. The actuating element is designed, for example, as a hand wheel. An axis of rotation of the actuating element, in particular of the handwheel, and a spindle axis of the threaded spindle are preferably arranged at a distance from one another. For this purpose, the fine positioning device has, in particular, a transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism is used to transmit a rotary movement of the actuating element on the threaded spindle. The transmission mechanism includes, for example, a transmission belt or a transmission chain. The arrangement of the axis of rotation at a distance from the spindle axis increases the operating convenience in particular, since the actuating element can be arranged at a comfortable operating height at a distance from the threaded spindle.

A rail grinding machine according to claim 10 ensures simple, reliable and flexible coarse positioning and fine positioning of a grinding unit. Due to the fact that the cross slide includes a closed cross slide frame, the cross slide is extremely stable, so that the grinding unit arranged on it can be positioned easily, reliably and flexibly. In particular, the cross slide frame forms a closed ring-shaped body. In particular, the cross slide frame comprises cross beams extending in the transverse direction, which are connected to longitudinal beams extending in the longitudinal direction. The cross slide frame defines an interior space. The at least one grinding unit is in particular—viewed in a vertical direction in a projection—at least partially arranged within the interior space. Preferably, the cross slide frame has a rectangular shape.

A rail grinding machine according to claim 11 ensures simple, reliable and flexible coarse positioning and fine positioning of a grinding unit. The guide frame is arranged in particular on a closed cross slide frame, so that the guide frame additionally stiffens the cross slide frame. The guide frame enables the at least one grinding unit to be arranged in such a way that the at least one grinding unit can be pivoted about a pivot axis and/or is linearly adjustable in a vertical direction. the at least one grinding unit is mounted in particular on two sides of the guide frame. The at least one grinding unit is preferably arranged between the bearing points. The guide frame is preferably pivotably mounted on the cross slide frame. The pivot axis runs in particular parallel to the longitudinal direction. The guide frame can preferably be pivoted by at least 60°, in particular by at least 90°, and in particular by at least 120° about the pivot axis. The guide frame is preferably mounted on the cross slide, in particular on the closed cross slide frame, by means of two pivot bearings. The guide frame comprises, in particular, two guide elements which are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction and are pivotably mounted on the cross slide, in particular on the closed cross slide frame. The guide elements are connected to one another in particular by means of a connecting element. The guide frame preferably has a U-shape.

A rail grinding machine according to claim 12 ensures simple, reliable and flexible coarse positioning and fine positioning of a grinding unit. The grinding unit carrier is mounted in particular on two sides on the guide frame. The grinding unit carrier preferably has two carrier elements which are mounted and guided on both sides on the guide frame, in particular on guide elements. In particular, the grinding unit carrier comprises a connecting element which connects the carrying elements to one another. The grinding unit carrier is, in particular, U-shaped. The support elements and the connecting element are preferably arranged in a U-shape relative to one another. The connecting element faces in particular a connecting element of the guide frame. In particular, a vertical positioning device for positioning the connecting elements Grinding unit carrier or a grinding unit arranged thereon arranged in the vertical direction. The vertical positioning device comprises in particular a spindle unit with a threaded spindle and a spindle nut. The threaded spindle is rotatably mounted, for example, on the connecting element of the guide frame, whereas the spindle nut is fastened on the connecting element of the grinding unit carrier. By actuating or rotating the threaded spindle, the grinding unit carrier or the grinding unit arranged thereon is displaced and positioned in the vertical direction.

A rail grinding machine according to claim 13 ensures simple, reliable and flexible coarse positioning and fine positioning of a grinding unit. The carrying elements are in particular part of a grinding unit carrier. In particular, the at least one grinding unit is arranged on the support elements. The at least one grinding unit is preferably fastened to the two carrying elements so that they can be exchanged. The at least one grinding unit is preferably arranged between the two support elements. In order to exchange the at least one grinding unit, the rail grinding machine includes, in particular, a quick-change device. The quick-change device includes first quick-change elements and associated second quick-change elements. The first quick-change elements are in particular attached to the support elements, whereas the second quick-change elements are attached to a respective grinding unit. The at least one grinding unit is arranged in the longitudinal direction between the two guide elements and/or between the two support elements.

A rail grinding machine according to claim 14 ensures simple, reliable and flexible coarse positioning and fine positioning a grinding unit. The at least one grinding unit is, in particular, exchangeably fastened to a guide frame, preferably to a grinding unit carrier which is arranged on the guide frame. For replacement, the rail grinding machine includes in particular a quick-change device. The quick-change device enables the at least one grinding unit to be fastened in a form-fitting and/or friction-fitting, exchangeable manner. The grinding unit carrier preferably comprises two carrying elements which are connected to the at least one grinding unit in an exchangeable manner via the quick-change device. The quick-change device preferably comprises first quick-change elements and associated second quick-change elements, which can be reversibly connected to one another in a positive and/or frictional manner. The first quick-change elements are arranged in particular on a respective carrying element of the grinding unit carrier. Associated second quick-change elements are arranged on each grinding unit. The respective grinding unit is arranged between the second quick-change elements, so that the respective grinding unit is exchangeably fastened or mounted on two sides of the grinding unit carrier. The first quick-change elements and the associated second quick-change elements preferably form a respective linear guide. The respective linear guide runs transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to a plane that is defined by the guide frame. The first quick-change elements preferably form, together with the associated second quick-change elements, a linear guide that is dovetail-shaped in cross section.

A rail grinding machine according to claim 15 ensures simple, reliable and flexible coarse positioning and fine positioning of a grinding unit. The first grinding unit is used for profiling a rail and includes a grinding tool drive, which drives a grinding tool designed as a cup wheel in rotation about a first axis of rotation. In contrast, the second grinding unit for deburring a rail includes a grinding tool drive, which drives a grinding tool designed as a grinding wheel in rotation about a second axis of rotation. The axes of rotation are arranged transversely to one another with otherwise identical positions of the grinding units. In particular, the first axis of rotation runs essentially in a vertical direction or parallel to a plane spanned by a guide frame, whereas the second axis of rotation runs essentially in the transverse direction or transverse to a plane spanned by the guide frame. The first grinding unit and the second grinding unit are in particular interchangeable. The first grinding unit and the second grinding unit are preferably fastened to a grinding unit carrier so that they can be exchanged. For this purpose, the rail grinding machine includes, in particular, a quick-change device. The respective grinding tool drive comprises in particular an internal combustion engine and/or an electric motor.

The invention is also based on the object of creating a method for grinding rails of a track, in which a grinding unit can be roughly positioned and finely positioned easily, reliably and flexibly.

This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 16. The advantages of the method according to the invention correspond to the advantages already described of the rail grinding machine according to the invention. The method according to the invention can be developed in particular with at least one feature that is related is described with the rail grinding machine according to the invention.

A rail, in particular a rail in the area of a switch, can be profiled and/or deburred by means of the rail grinding machine according to the invention. For profiling a rail, the rail grinding machine has in particular a first grinding unit with a grinding tool drive and a grinding tool designed as a cup wheel. The first grinding unit or cup wheel arranged on the cross slide is positioned exactly in the transverse direction by means of the coarse positioning device and the fine positioning device, so that an exact profiling of the rail is made possible. For this purpose, the first grinding unit is initially roughly positioned by means of the rough positioning device and is preferably locked in a set rough position. The first grinding unit is then positioned exactly relative to the rail to be profiled using the fine positioning device.

For deburring a rail, the rail grinding machine includes a second grinding unit with a grinding tool drive and a grinding tool designed as a grinding wheel. For deburring, the second grinding unit is in particular only positioned with the rough positioning device relative to the rail to be deburred. The fine positioning device is locked in a set fine position by self-locking. In particular, branching rails in the area of a switch can be easily, reliably and flexibly deburred using the coarse positioning device.

Fig. 1

eine erste Seitenansicht einer Schienen-Schleifmaschine gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel mit einer Grob-Positioniereinrichtung und einer Fein-Positioniereinrichtung zum Positionieren einer auswechselbaren ersten Schleifeinheit,

Fig. 2

eine Draufsicht auf die Schienen-Schleifmaschine in Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

eine ausschnittsweise und teilweise geschnittene Ansicht der Grob-Positioniereinrichtung zum Veranschaulichen einer Arretiereinheit,

Fig. 4

eine zweite Seitenansicht der Schienen-Schleifmaschine in Fig. 1,

Fig. 5

eine vergrößerte Detailansicht V einer Schnellwechseleinrichtung zum auswechselbaren Befestigen der ersten Schleifeinheit in Fig. 4,

Fig. 6

eine Seitenansicht der Schienen-Schleifmaschine mit einer auswechselbaren zweiten Schleifeinheit anstelle der ersten Schleifeinheit, und

Fig. 7

eine ausschnittsweise Seitenansicht einer Schienen-Schleifmaschine gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel zur Veranschaulichung der Grob-Positioniereinrichtung und der Fein-Positioniereinrichtung.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention result from the following description of several exemplary embodiments. Show it:

1

a first side view of a rail grinding machine according to a first embodiment with a rough positioning device and a fine positioning device for positioning an exchangeable first grinding unit,

2

a top view of the rail grinding machine in 1 ,

3

a detail and partially sectioned view of the rough positioning device to illustrate a locking unit,

4

a second side view of the rail grinding machine in 1 ,

figure 5

an enlarged detailed view V of a quick-change device for exchangeable fastening of the first grinding unit in 4 ,

6

a side view of the rail grinding machine with an exchangeable second grinding unit instead of the first grinding unit, and

7

a sectional side view of a rail grinding machine according to a second embodiment to illustrate the coarse positioning device and the fine positioning device.

The following is based on the Figures 1 to 6 a first embodiment of the invention is described. A rail grinding machine 1 is used for grinding rails 2 of a track. The rail grinding machine 1 comprises a machine frame 3 which is guided on the rails 2 via guide rollers 4 . The machine frame 3 comprises two frame components 5, 6 which are telescopically connected to one another. By shifting the frame components 5, 6 relative to one another, the guide rollers 4 can be adapted to a distance between the rails 2.

The machine frame 3 comprises longitudinal members 7, 8, 9 and cross members 10, 11. The longitudinal members 7, 8, 9 extend in an x-direction and are spaced apart from one another in a y-direction perpendicular to the x-direction. The x-direction is referred to below as the longitudinal direction, whereas the y-direction is also referred to below as the transverse direction. The longitudinal direction corresponds to a rail longitudinal direction. The crossbeams 10, 11 run in the y-direction and are spaced apart from one another in the x-direction. The ends of the crossbeams 10, 11 are fastened to the longitudinal beams 7, 8, so that the machine frame 3 has a rectangular shape. The crossbeams 10, 11 can be telescoped to adapt to a distance between the rails 2. In order to reinforce the machine frame 3, the longitudinal beam 9 is connected to the cross beams 10, 11 in such a way that the frame component 5 essentially has a rectangular shape. Due to the telescoping crossbeams 10, 11, the guide rollers 4 arranged on the frame component 5 and the guide rollers 4 arranged on the frame component 6 are variable at a distance from one another in the y-direction.

The rail grinding machine 1 can be moved manually on the rails 2 . The guide rollers 4 define a direction of displacement of the rail grinding machine 1, which corresponds to the longitudinal direction. For manual lifting and / or carrying the rail grinding machine 1 3 handles 12 are attached to the machine frame. The guide rollers 4 are mounted on the machine frame 3 such that they can rotate about axes of rotation. The axes of rotation run parallel to the y-direction.

A cross slide 13 is mounted on the machine frame 3 . The cross carriage 13 has a closed cross carriage frame 14 which is formed by cross carriage longitudinal beams 15, 16 and by cross carriage cross beams 17, 18. The cross slide longitudinal beams 15, 16 extend in the x-direction and are spaced from each other in the y-direction. The cross slide longitudinal beams 15, 16 are connected to one another at the ends by means of the cross slide cross beams 17, 18, so that the cross slide frame 14 has a rectangular shape in plan view. The cross slide crossbeams 17, 18 extend in the y-direction and are spaced apart from one another in the x-direction. The cross slide frame 14 delimits an interior space 19 in plan view.

The cross carriage 13 comprises cross carriage guide rollers 20, 21 which are rotatably mounted on the cross carriage crossbeams 17, 18. The cross slide guide rollers 20 are mounted in a vertical z-direction at a distance from the cross slide guide rollers 21, so that the cross slide guide rollers 20 rest on an upper side of the machine frame 3, whereas the cross slide guide rollers 21 rest on an underside of the machine frame 3. The cross slide guide rollers 20, 21 are used to move the cross slide 13 in the y-direction or the transverse direction. For this purpose, the cross slide guide rollers 20, 21 are mounted on the cross slide frame 14 such that they can rotate about axes of rotation. The axes of rotation run parallel to the x-direction. The z-direction is below also referred to as the vertical direction. The x, y and z directions run in pairs perpendicular to each other and thus form a Cartesian coordinate system.

To position the cross slide 13, the rail grinding machine 1 comprises a rough positioning device 22 and a fine positioning device 23. The rough positioning device 22 is used for roughly positioning the cross slide 13 in the y-direction or the transverse direction, whereas the fine Positioning device 23 for fine positioning of the cross slide 13 is used in the transverse direction. Fine positioning enables more precise positioning than coarse positioning.

The rough positioning device 22 comprises an actuating mechanism 24. The actuating mechanism 24 has an actuating element 25 and a connecting element 26. The actuating element 25 is designed as an actuating lever. The actuating element 25 is attached to the machine frame 3 and can be pivoted about a pivot axis 27 relative to the machine frame 3 . The pivot axis 27 runs parallel to the x-direction. The connecting element 26 is designed as a connecting rod. The connecting element 26 is attached to the actuating element 25 so that it can pivot about a pivot axis 28 . The pivot axis 28 runs parallel to the x-direction and is at a distance from the pivot axis 27. By pivoting the actuating element 25 about the pivot axis 27, an angle α between the actuating element 25 and the connecting element 26 can be changed. The actuating mechanism 24 or the connecting element 26 is connected to the fine positioning device 23 in a manner described in more detail below.

The rough positioning device 22 also includes a locking unit 29. The locking unit 29 is used for locking and releasing or for reversible locking of a rough position. The locking unit 29 comprises a locking element 30 and a counter-locking element 31. The counter-locking element 31 is designed as a curved toothed strip or as a dental arch. The counter-locking element 31 is attached to the machine frame 3 . The counter-locking element 31 comprises a plurality of teeth 32 which are arranged around the pivot axis 27 along a partial arc of a circle. The locking element 30 interacts with the counter-locking element 31 in a form-fitting and friction-locking manner. For this purpose, the locking element 30 is in the form of a pin. The locking element 30 is designed with a tooth-shaped tip that can be positioned between two teeth 32 of the counter-locking element 31 . The locking element 30 is integrated into the operating element 25 . The operating element 25 is tubular and the locking element 30 is arranged in an interior space of the actuating element 25 .

The locking unit 29 is designed as a dead man's locking unit. In an unactuated state, the locking unit 29 is locked, whereas in an actuated state, the locking unit 29 is released. The locking unit 29 has a locking actuating element 33 for actuating the locking element 30 . The locking actuation element 33 is designed as a pivoted lever. The locking actuation element 33 is connected to the locking element 30 via a locking actuation mechanism. The locking actuation mechanism comprises a pull element 34, stops 35, 36 and a spring element 37. A first stop 35 is connected to the actuation element 25. The first stop 35 is arranged between the locking element 30 and the locking actuating element 33 and has a through opening through which the pulling element 34 is passed. The locking element 30 forms a second stop 36 on a side facing away from the counter-locking element 31 . A spring element 37 is arranged between the first stop 35 and the second stop 36 to form the dead man's function.

Fine positioning device 23 comprises a spindle unit 38 with a threaded spindle 39 and a spindle nut 40. Threaded spindle 39 forms a first component and spindle nut 40 forms a second component, which can be linearly displaced relative to one another by rotating them in the direction of a spindle axis 41 . The threaded spindle 39 is attached to the cross slide frame 14 by means of bearings 42,43. The spindle axis 41 runs parallel to the y-direction. The threaded spindle 39 can therefore be rotated about the spindle axis 41 relative to the cross slide 13 , but is stationary relative to the cross slide 13 in the direction of the spindle axis 41 . The spindle nut 40 is arranged between the bearings 42, 43 on the threaded spindle 39. The spindle nut 40 is connected to the connecting element 26 of the actuating mechanism 24 . An end of the connecting element 26 facing away from the actuating element 25 is connected to the spindle nut 40 such that it can pivot about a pivot axis 44 . The pivot axis 44 runs parallel to the x-direction and compensates for changes in the angle α.

The fine positioning device 23 includes an actuating element 45 and a transmission mechanism 46. The actuating element 45 is designed as a handwheel. The actuating element 45 is arranged on a handle 48 so as to be rotatable about an axis of rotation 47 . The handle 48 is U-shaped and attached to the cross members 10,11. The axis of rotation 47 runs parallel to the y-direction. The transmission mechanism 46 transmits a Rotational movement of the actuating element 45 about the axis of rotation 47 on the threaded spindle 39, so that the threaded spindle 39 is rotated about the spindle axis 41. The transmission mechanism 46 comprises transmission wheels 49, 50 and a transmission belt 51. The transmission wheel 49 is connected to the actuating element 45 in a torque-transmitting manner, whereas the transmission wheel 50 is connected to the threaded spindle 39 in a torque-transmitting manner. The transmission belt 51 transmits a rotation of the transmission wheel 49 to the transmission wheel 50.

To protect the threaded spindle 39, the fine positioning device 23 includes bellows 52, 53, which are arranged between the bearing 42 and the spindle nut 40 and between the bearing 43 and the spindle nut 40 above the threaded spindle 39.

The rail grinding machine 1 also includes a guide frame 54 which is attached to the cross slide frame 14 so that it can pivot about a pivot axis 55 . The pivot axis 55 runs parallel to the x-direction. The guide frame 54 is U-shaped. The guide frame 54 includes guide elements 56, which are fastened with a respective first end by means of pivot bearings 57 to a respective associated cross slide cross member 17, 18. The guide elements 56 are connected to one another at a respective second end with a connecting element 58 . The guide frame 54 is arranged in the interior space 19 of the cross slide 13 when viewed from above.

The rail grinding machine 1 comprises a pivoting device 59 for pivoting the guide frame 54 . The pivoting device 59 is fastened to the cross slide 13 and the guide frame 54 . By means of the pivoting device 59, the guide frame 54 is relative to the Cross slide 13 can be pivoted about pivot axis 55 . The pivoting device 59 includes an actuating element 60. The actuating element 60 is designed as a handwheel. For pivoting, the pivoting device 59 comprises a gear wheel, not shown in detail, and an associated toothed rack. The gear wheel is rotatably mounted on the cross slide 13 and connected to the actuating element 60 . The toothed rack is mounted on the guide frame 54 and cooperates with the gearwheel for pivoting.

The rail grinding machine 1 comprises a grinding unit carrier 63 for the interchangeable arrangement of a first grinding unit 61 or a second grinding unit 62. The grinding unit carrier 63 is mounted on the guide frame 54. The grinding unit carrier 63 comprises tubular carrier elements 64 which are linearly guided on the guide elements 56 . The carrying elements 64 are connected to one another at an end remote from the machine frame 3 with a connecting element 65, so that the grinding unit carrier 63 is U-shaped.

The grinding unit carrier 63 can be displaced linearly on the guide frame 64 by means of a vertical positioning device 66 . The vertical positioning device 66 includes a threaded spindle 67 which is rotatably mounted on the connecting element 58 of the guide frame 54 . The threaded spindle 67 is connected to an actuating element 68 . The actuating element 68 is designed as a hand wheel. The vertical positioning device 66 also includes a spindle nut 69 which is firmly connected to the connecting element 65 of the grinding unit carrier 63 . By turning the actuating element 68, the grinding unit carrier 63 can be displaced linearly up or down depending on the direction of rotation, ie in the z-direction.

The rail grinding machine 1 has a quick-change device 70 for the exchangeable attachment of the first grinding unit 61 or the second grinding unit 62 . By means of the quick-change device 70 - as in the Figures 1 to 5 is shown - the first grinding unit 61 is attached to the grinding unit carrier 63 and thus to the cross slide 13 . The first grinding unit 61 is attached to the support elements 64 by means of the quick-change device 70 . The first grinding unit 61 can thus be displaced in the x direction by means of the guide rollers 4, in the y direction by means of the cross slide 13, pivoted about the pivot axis 55 by means of the guide frame 54 and/or in the z direction by means of the grinding unit carrier 63. Direction shiftable.

The first grinding unit 61 is used for profiling a rail 2. The first grinding unit 61 includes a grinding tool drive 71, which drives a first grinding tool 72 to rotate about a first axis of rotation 73. The grinding tool 72 is designed as a cup wheel. The axis of rotation 73 runs parallel to a plane E spanned by the guide frame 54. The axis of rotation 73 runs at an angle to the z-direction. This creates a grinding clearance angle.

In contrast, the second grinding unit 62 is used for deburring a rail 2. The second grinding unit 62 is - as in 6 shown - attached to the grinding unit carrier 63 and thus to the cross slide 13. The second grinding unit 62 includes a grinding tool drive 74 which drives a second grinding tool 75 in rotation about a second axis of rotation 76 . The second grinding tool 75 is designed as a grinding wheel. The axis of rotation 76 runs transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to a plane E spanned by the guide frame 54.

The respective grinding tool drive 71, 74 includes an internal combustion engine. The respective grinding unit 61, 62 is mounted on the grinding unit carrier 63 on two sides. As a result, the respective grinding unit 61, 62 is fastened precisely and reliably. The U-shaped grinding unit carrier 63 is reinforced by the two-sided mounting of the respective grinding unit 61, 62.

The quick-change device 70 includes first quick-change elements 77 and associated second quick-change elements 78. The first quick-change elements 77 are attached to sides of the support elements 64 that face one another. Associated second quick-change elements 78 are attached to the respective grinding unit 61, 62. The distance and the position of the first quick-change elements 77 correspond to the distance and the position of the second quick-change elements 78. A respective first quick-change element 77 forms a linear guide L with the associated second quick-change element 78. For this purpose, the respective first quick-change element 77 comprises a groove, for example, whereas the associated second quick-change element 78 comprises a corresponding projection. The respective linear guide L has a dovetail-shaped cross section, for example. The linear guides L formed by the quick-change elements 77, 78 run transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to a plane E spanned by the guide frame 54. The second quick-change elements 78 can be displaced by means of associated actuating elements 79. The actuating elements 79 are designed, for example, as pivoting levers. By actuating the actuating elements 79, the first quick-change elements 77 are clamped against the associated second quick-change elements 78. The respective grinding unit 61, 62 is thus by means of the quick-change device 70 is attached to the grinding unit carrier 63 in a form-fitting and friction-locking manner.

The functioning of the rail grinding machine 1 is described below:
The in the Figures 1 to 5 The rail grinding machine 1 shown is used, for example, for profiling a rail 2. The first grinding unit 61 is roughly positioned in the transverse direction or in the y-direction by means of the coarse positioning device 22 and in the transverse direction or y-direction by means of the fine positioning device 23. finely positioned direction. For rough positioning, the locking unit 29 is released by an operator by means of the locking actuating element 33 and the actuating element 25 is pivoted about the pivot axis 27 in a desired pivoting direction. The pivoting changes the angle α and pivots the connecting element 26 about the pivot axis 28 . Due to the fact that the connecting element 26 is connected to the spindle nut 40 of the fine positioning device 23, the cross slide 13 is moved linearly on the machine frame 3 in the y-direction or parallel to the y-direction. The spindle unit 38 is designed to be self-locking, so that the movement of the spindle nut 40 caused by the connecting element 26 does not result in a rotary movement of the threaded spindle 39, but in a linear movement of the cross slide 13.

For fine positioning of the cross slide 13, the rough positioning device 22 is first locked in a desired rough position. For this purpose, the locking actuation element 33 is no longer actuated by the operator. The locking element 30 is displaced due to the biasing force of the spring element 37 to the counter-locking element 31, so that the locking element 30 engages between two teeth 32 of the counter-locking element 31 and the coarse positioning device 22 is locked.

In the set coarse position, the cross slide 13 is positioned exactly by means of the fine positioning device 23. For this purpose, the operator rotates the actuating element 45 in a desired direction of rotation about the axis of rotation 47. The rotary movement is transmitted via the transmission mechanism 46 to the threaded spindle 39 which rotates about the spindle axis 41 . Since the spindle nut 40 is stationary in the transverse direction or y-direction due to the locked coarse positioning device 22, the cross slide 13 is linearly displaced by a linear movement of the threaded spindle 39 relative to the spindle nut 40 in the transverse direction or y-direction and exactly positioned. The coarse positioning device 22 and the fine positioning device 23 thus act via the spindle unit 38 on one and the same cross slide 13.

For further positioning of the first grinding unit 61 , the guide frame 54 can be pivoted about the pivot axis 55 by means of the pivot device 59 . The first grinding unit 61 can be displaced linearly in the z-direction by means of the vertical positioning device 66 and can thus be advanced to the rail 2 or adjusted in height. Furthermore, the rail grinding machine 1 can be manually shifted in the x-direction by means of the guide rollers 4 . The profiling of the rail 2 by means of the first grinding tool 72 takes place in the usual way.

To replace the first grinding unit 61, the cross slide 13 is moved between the rails 2 by means of the rough positioning device 22. Subsequently, the actuating elements 79 of the quick-change device 70 is released, so that the clamping of the first grinding unit 61 to the grinding unit carrier 63 is released. The first grinding unit 61 can now be removed from the grinding unit carrier 63 manually. For this purpose, the first grinding unit 61 is linearly displaced transversely to the plane E spanned by the guide frame 54, so that the second quick-change elements 78 are removed from the associated first quick-change elements 77.

To attach the second grinding unit 62 to the grinding unit carrier 63 , the second grinding unit 62 with the second quick-change elements 78 is introduced into the first quick-change elements 77 . The actuating elements 79 are then actuated so that the second grinding unit 62 is clamped in the grinding unit carrier 63 . The second grinding unit 62 is now positively and frictionally connected to the grinding unit carrier 63 by means of the quick-change device 70 . The rail grinding machine 1 with the second grinding unit 62 is in 6 illustrated.

A rail 2 can be deburred, for example, by means of the second grinding tool 75, which is designed as a grinding wheel. Deburring is required, for example, in the case of branching rails 2 of a switch. For deburring a branching rail 2, the second grinding unit 62 can be positioned in a simple manner by means of the coarse positioning device 22 in the transverse direction or y-direction. For this purpose, the rail grinding machine 1 is located on the straight rails 2 . The locking unit 29 is released by means of the locking actuating element 33 . The pull element 34 is actuated via the locking actuation element 33 and moves the locking element 30 out of the counter-locking element 31 against the force of the spring element 37 . The cross slide 13 and thus the second grinding unit 62 can be positioned quickly and easily in the transverse direction or y-direction by pivoting the actuating element 25 about the pivot axis 27 . The further positioning of the second grinding unit 62 takes place in the manner already described. The second grinding unit 62 is exchanged and the first grinding unit 61 is attached as already described above.

Below is based on 7 a second embodiment of the invention is described. For better illustration of the coarse positioning device 22 and the fine positioning device 23, 7 the guide frame 54, the pivoting device 59, the first grinding unit 61 or the second grinding unit 62, the grinding unit carrier 63 and the vertical positioning device 66 are not shown. In contrast to the first exemplary embodiment, the actuating element 25 of the rough positioning device 22 can be displaced linearly in the transverse direction or y-direction relative to the machine frame 3 by means of a linear guide 80 . The actuating element 25 is connected to the spindle nut 40 . In contrast to the first exemplary embodiment, the actuating mechanism 24 therefore has no connecting element. In contrast, the actuating mechanism 24 comprises the actuating element 25 and the linear guide 80 . The locking element 30 of the locking unit 29 interacts directly with the machine frame 3 . The locking element 30 is designed, for example, as a brake pad. The locking element 30 locks the coarse positioning device 22 in a frictionally engaged manner relative to the machine frame 3 . The actuating element 25 of the fine positioning device 23 is fastened directly to the threaded spindle 39 . With regard to the further structure and the further mode of operation, reference is made to the description of the preceding exemplary embodiment.

The features of the exemplary embodiments can be combined with one another in any desired manner.

Claims (16)

Rail grinding machine for grinding rails of a track with - a machine frame (3), - several guide rollers (4), which are rotatably mounted on rails (2) on the machine frame (3) for manual displacement of the rail grinding machine (1), - a transverse slide (13) which is mounted on the machine frame (3) so that it can be displaced in a transverse direction (y), and - at least one grinding unit (61, 62) which is arranged on the cross slide (13), marked
by a coarse positioning device (22) for coarse positioning and a fine positioning device (23) for fine positioning of the transverse slide (13) in the transverse direction (y). Rail grinding machine according to Claim 1, characterized in that
that the coarse positioning device (22) comprises an actuating mechanism (24) which is connected in particular to the fine positioning device (23). Rail grinding machine according to Claim 2, characterized in that
that the actuating mechanism (24) comprises an actuating element (25) which can be displaced relative to the machine frame (3). Rail grinding machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the fine positioning device (23) comprises a first component and a second component which can be displaced relative to one another for fine positioning, and that an actuating element (25) of the coarse positioning device (22) is connected to the second component. Rail grinding machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
that the rough positioning device (22) comprises a locking unit (29) for locking and releasing a rough position. Rail grinding machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
that the fine positioning device (23) comprises a spindle unit (38) with a threaded spindle (39) and a spindle nut (40). Rail grinding machine according to Claim 6, characterized in that
that the spindle nut (40) is connected to an actuating mechanism (24) of the coarse positioning device (22). Rail grinding machine according to Claim 6 or 7, characterized in that
that the threaded spindle (39) is rotatably mounted on the cross slide (13) by means of bearings (42, 43). Rail grinding machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
that the fine positioning device (23) comprises an actuating element (45). Rail grinding machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
that the cross slide (13) comprises a closed cross slide frame (14). Rail grinding machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized
by a guide frame (54) which is pivotably mounted on the cross slide (13) about a pivot axis (55) running parallel to a longitudinal direction (x). Rail grinding machine according to Claim 11, characterized by a grinding unit carrier (63) for arranging the at least one grinding unit (61, 62), which is mounted in particular on the guide frame (54) so that it can be displaced in a vertical direction (z). Rail grinding machine according to Claim 11 or 12, characterized in that
that the guide frame (54) comprises two guide elements (56) on which two support elements (64) for arranging the at least one grinding unit (61, 62) are mounted. Rail grinding machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
that the at least one grinding unit (61, 62) is attached in an exchangeable manner. Rail grinding machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized
by a first grinding unit (61) for profiling a rail (2) and a second grinding unit (62) for deburring a rail (2). Method for grinding rails of a track with the steps: - Providing a rail grinding machine (1) according to at least one of claims 1 to 15, - Rough positioning and/or fine positioning of the cross slide (13) relative to the machine frame (3), and - Grinding a rail (2) by means of the at least one grinding unit (61, 62).

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