CN115341422A

CN115341422A - Rail grinding machine and method for grinding rails of a track

Info

Publication number: CN115341422A
Application number: CN202210510687.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: C·库奈尔; T·赫茨尔维默尔; O·威德罗伊特尔
Original assignee: Robel Bahnbaumaschinen GmbH
Current assignee: Robel Bahnbaumaschinen GmbH
Priority date: 2021-05-12
Filing date: 2022-05-11
Publication date: 2022-11-15
Also published as: AU2022203173A1; EP4089233A1; DK4089233T3; US20220364315A1; DE102021204880A1; JP2022176146A; EP4089233B1

Abstract

A rail grinding machine (1) for grinding a rail (2) of a track comprises: a frame (3); a plurality of guide rollers (4) rotatably mounted on the frame (3); a transverse slide (13); and at least one grinding unit (61) arranged at the transverse slide (13). A transverse slide (13) is mounted on the machine frame (3) so as to be displaceable in the transverse direction (y). The rail grinding machine (1) comprises a coarse positioning device (22) for coarse positioning and a fine positioning device (23) for fine positioning of the transverse slide (13) in the transverse direction (y).

Description

Rail grinding machine and method for grinding rails of a track

The content of German patent application DE 10 2021 204 880.3 is incorporated herein by reference.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a rail grinding machine and a method for grinding a rail of a track.

Background

A rail grinding mill is known from CN 106 192 630A. The rail grinding machine includes a frame on which guide rollers are rotatably mounted for manually moving the rail grinding machine over the rails. For positioning the grinding unit, the rail grinding machine comprises a first transverse slide which is arranged on the machine frame such that it can be displaced transversely with respect to the longitudinal rail direction, and a second transverse slide which is arranged on the first transverse slide such that it can be displaced transversely with respect to the longitudinal rail direction. The grinding unit is arranged in a height-adjustable manner on the second transverse slide. The first transverse slide enables a coarse positioning of the finishing unit, while the second transverse slide enables a fine positioning of the finishing unit.

Disclosure of Invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a rail grinding machine that allows simple, reliable and flexible coarse and fine positioning of the grinding units.

This object is achieved by a rail grinding machine for grinding a rail of a track, having: a frame; a plurality of guide rollers rotatably mounted on the frame for manually moving the rail grinding mill on the rail; a transverse slide mounted on the frame displaceably in a transverse direction; and at least one grinding unit arranged at the transverse slide, the rail grinding machine comprising coarse positioning means for coarse positioning and fine positioning means for fine positioning of the transverse slide in the transverse direction. Since both the coarse positioning means and the fine positioning means interact with the transverse slide, the at least one grinding unit can be easily, reliably and flexibly positioned in the transverse direction with respect to the machine frame and thus with respect to the rail. The coarse positioning means and the fine positioning means thus interact with a single transverse slide. Since the at least one finishing unit is arranged on the transverse slide, the positioning of the transverse slide also positions the at least one finishing unit in the transverse direction. The transverse slide is mounted directly on the frame. In particular, the transverse slide is supported on and/or rests against the machine frame.

The frame can be moved manually in the longitudinal direction by means of guide rollers. The longitudinal direction corresponds to the longitudinal rail direction. The transverse direction extends transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the longitudinal direction. For the displacement, the transverse slide comprises, in particular, a plurality of transverse slide guide rollers. The transverse slide guides the rollers in particular against the machine frame. Preferably, the transverse slide comprises at least two transverse slide guide rollers, in particular at least four transverse slide guide rollers, in particular at least six transverse slide guide rollers, which rest against the machine frame. The transverse slide guide rollers are preferably arranged at a distance from each other in the vertical direction. As a result, at least one first transverse slide guide roller rests against the upper side of the machine frame, while at least one second transverse slide guide roller rests against the lower side of the machine frame. Thus, the frame extends between the lateral slide guide rollers when viewed in the vertical direction. The vertical direction extends transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction.

At least one grinding unit comprises in particular a respective grinding tool drive for driving a respective grinding tool. The respective grinding tool can be driven in rotation about an axis of rotation by means of a grinding tool drive. The grinding means are for example cup wheels and/or grinding wheels. The corresponding grinding tool drive comprises, in particular, an internal combustion engine and/or an electric motor.

The coarse positioning means and the fine positioning means can be actuated independently of each other to position the transverse slide. To this end, the coarse positioning means comprise a first actuating element and the fine positioning means comprise a second actuating element. The first actuating element serves for coarsely positioning the transverse slide, while the second actuating element serves for finely positioning the transverse slide. The fine positioning is performed in particular in the set and locked rough position of the transverse slide. The fine positioning device is capable of positioning the transverse slide more accurately than the coarse positioning device.

A rail grinding machine configured such that a coarse positioning device comprises an actuating mechanism in particular connected to a fine positioning device, which rail grinding machine ensures a simple, reliable and flexible coarse and fine positioning of the grinding unit. The fine positioning device comprises in particular a first part and a second part which can be displaced relative to each other in the transverse direction for fine positioning. For coarse positioning, the actuating mechanism is actuated manually and the position of the transverse slide is set coarsely by means of a non-actuated fine positioning device or by means of the first and second parts of the fine positioning device. For fine positioning, the coarse positioning device is locked such that the second part of the fine positioning device is fixed in the transverse direction. By actuating the first part, a fine positioning is performed in the set and locked coarse position. The coarse positioning means thus act on the fine positioning means.

A rail grinding machine configured such that the actuating mechanism comprises an actuating element which is displaceable relative to the machine frame ensures simple, reliable and flexible coarse and fine positioning of the grinding unit. The rotating element is in particular part of the actuating mechanism of the coarse positioning means. The actuating element is configured, for example, as a rod.

In a first exemplary embodiment, the actuating element is arranged at the frame so as to rotate about the axis of rotation. The axis of rotation extends parallel to the longitudinal direction. The longitudinal direction corresponds to the longitudinal rail direction. The actuating element is connected to the fine positioning device by a connecting element. The connecting element is in particular part of the actuating mechanism. The connecting element may be loaded in tension and compression. The connecting element is for example a connecting rod. The connecting element is connected at a first end to the actuating element and at a second end to the fine positioning device, in particular to the second component. The connecting element is connected to the actuating element at a distance from the axis of rotation, so that rotating the actuating element causes the connecting element to be loaded in compression or tension depending on the direction of rotation. Rotating the actuating element changes in particular the angle between the actuating element and the connecting element. Preferably, the connecting element is rotationally connected with the actuating element and with the fine positioning device or the second part of the fine positioning device.

In a second exemplary embodiment, the actuating element is linearly displaceable relative to the frame. Preferably, the coarse positioning means comprise a linear guide for the actuating element. In particular, the linear guide is part of the actuation mechanism. Preferably, the linear guide is arranged on the frame. The actuating element is connected in particular to the fine positioning device or to a second part of the fine positioning device.

A rail grinding machine configured such that a fine positioning device comprises a first part and a second part which can be displaced relative to each other for fine positioning, wherein an actuating element of a coarse positioning device is connected with the second part, ensures simple, reliable and flexible coarse and fine positioning of a grinding unit. The first and second parts may be displaced in relation to each other in the transverse direction for fine positioning. The first component is in particular designed as a threaded spindle, while the second component is in particular designed as a spindle nut. The first part cannot be displaced in the transverse direction relative to the transverse slide, while the second part can be displaced in the transverse direction relative to the first part. In particular, the first component may be actuated by an actuating element of the fine positioning device. The second part is connected with the actuating element of the coarse positioning device. The actuating element of the coarse positioning device can be displaced in particular relative to the machine frame. The second part may be locked relative to the chassis, in particular by a locking unit. Preferably, the actuating element of the coarse positioning device can be locked with respect to the machine frame by means of a locking unit. For coarse positioning, the actuating element of the coarse positioning device is displaced relative to the machine frame, wherein the displacement movement is transmitted to the second part of the fine positioning device and to the transverse slide. For subsequent fine positioning, the actuating element of the coarse positioning device is locked by the locking unit, whereby the second part of the fine positioning device is also locked. The first component is then actuated by the actuating element of the fine positioning device and the transverse slide is finely positioned.

A rail grinding machine equipped with a coarse positioning device including a locking unit for locking and releasing a coarse position, which ensures simple, reliable and flexible coarse and fine positioning of the grinding unit. The locking unit locks the set coarse position of the coarse positioning means or the transverse slide. In the locked rough position, the transverse slide can be positioned accurately or finely by means of the fine positioning device. The locking unit is used in particular for form-fitting and/or friction locking. The locking of the rough position is performed relative to the frame. Preferably, the locking unit is used for form-fitting and/or friction locking of the actuating mechanism of the coarse positioning device. In particular, the locking unit is at least partially integrated into the actuating element of the coarse positioning device. The locking unit comprises in particular a locking element and an associated counter-locking element. For example, the counter locking element is fastened to the machine frame. The locking element is mounted on the actuating element of the coarse positioning device, in particular integrated in the actuating element. The locking element is actuated in particular by a locking actuation element. Preferably, the locking actuation element is connected to the locking element by a locking actuation mechanism. The locking actuation mechanism is in particular configured such that in the unactuated state of the locking actuation element the locking element interacts with the counter locking element to lock the coarse position and in the actuated state of the locking actuation element the locking element does not interact with the counter locking element and releases the locking. The locking unit is especially configured as a (dead-man) locking unit.

A rail grinding machine configured such that a fine positioning device includes a screw unit having a threaded screw and a screw nut, which rail grinding machine ensures simple, reliable and flexible coarse and fine positioning of the grinding unit. The screw unit is used for converting a rotary motion into a linear motion. The threaded lead screw is configured as a first component of the fine positioning device. The threaded lead screw is rotatably mounted on the transverse slide. The threaded screw cannot be displaced in the transverse direction relative to the transverse slide. The threaded spindle is connected in a stationary manner in the transverse direction with the transverse slide. The threaded spindle can be actuated, in particular rotated about the spindle axis, by an actuating element of the fine positioning device. For this purpose, the actuating element is connected to the threaded spindle in a torque-transmitting manner. The lead screw nut is configured as a second component of the fine positioning device. The lead screw nut is mounted on the threaded lead screw such that it can rotate relative to the threaded lead screw, such that a rotational movement of the threaded lead screw and the lead screw nut relative to each other results in a linear movement of the threaded lead screw and the lead screw nut relative to each other along the lead screw axis or in a transverse direction. The adjustment accuracy of the fine positioning device can be specified or set by the pitch of the spindle unit. The actuating element of the coarse positioning device is preferably connected to the spindle nut. The actuating element is in particular designed as a lever. The actuating element of the coarse positioning means can be displaced relative to the frame.

A rail grinding machine configured such that a feed screw nut is connected with an actuating mechanism of a coarse positioning device ensures simple, reliable and flexible coarse and fine positioning of a grinding unit. On the one hand, the connection of the spindle nut with the actuating mechanism enables a simple, reliable and flexible coarse positioning. For this purpose, an actuating mechanism is actuated which acts on the spindle nut and displaces the spindle nut in the transverse direction in the desired manner. When the fine positioning means are not actuated, the spindle nut is arranged in a stationary manner in the transverse direction relative to the transverse slide, so that the transverse slide is coarsely positioned in the transverse direction in the desired manner. For this purpose, the spindle unit is particularly configured to be self-locking. On the other hand, the connection of the screw nut and the actuating mechanism realizes simple, reliable and flexible fine positioning. For this purpose, the coarse positioning device, in particular the actuating mechanism, is preferably locked in the coarse position by means of a locking unit. When the threaded lead screw is actuated or rotated, the actuation mechanism prevents the lead screw nut from rotating such that the threaded lead screw is linearly displaced relative to the lead screw nut as a result of the rotation. Since the threaded spindle is connected in a stationary manner with the transverse slide in the transverse direction, the transverse slide and thus the at least one grinding unit arranged thereon are positioned accurately or finely. The threaded spindle is in particular manually adjustable, preferably by means of an actuating element. The actuating element is configured, for example, as a handwheel.

A rail grinding machine configured such that a threaded lead screw is rotatably mounted on a cross slide via a bearing ensures simple, reliable and flexible coarse and fine positioning of the grinding unit. The fine positioning means comprise a bearing for rotatably mounting the threaded lead screw on the transverse slide. The bearing is connected at a distance from the transverse slide in the transverse direction. The threaded lead screw is rotatably mounted at its end in a bearing. Mounting means that the threaded screw is rotatable with respect to the transverse slide on the one hand and stationary in the transverse direction with respect to the transverse slide on the other hand. Thus, a linear displacement of the threaded spindle in the transverse direction relative to the transverse slide is not possible, in particular also when the threaded spindle is rotated. The rotatable mounting enables the fine positioning means to be actuated. When the fine positioning means are actuated, the threaded lead screw and the lead screw nut are linearly displaced relative to each other in a transverse direction.

A rail grinding machine configured such that a fine positioning device comprises an actuating element, which rail grinding machine ensures a simple, reliable and flexible coarse and fine positioning of the grinding unit. The actuating element is used in particular for manually actuating a spindle unit, preferably for manually rotating a threaded spindle. The actuating element is configured, for example, as a handwheel. The actuating elements, in particular the rotational axis of the hand wheel and the spindle axis of the threaded spindle, are preferably arranged at a distance from one another. For this purpose, the fine positioning device has, in particular, a transmission. The transmission mechanism is used to transmit the rotational movement of the actuating element to the threaded lead screw. The transmission mechanism comprises, for example, a transmission belt or a transmission chain. The arrangement of the axis of rotation at a distance from the spindle axis particularly increases the operating comfort, since the actuating element can be arranged at a comfortable operating height at a distance from the threaded spindle.

A rail grinding machine configured such that the transverse slide comprises a closed transverse slide frame ensures simple, reliable and flexible coarse and fine positioning of the grinding unit. Since the transverse slide comprises a closed transverse slide frame, the transverse slide is extremely stable, so that the finishing unit arranged thereon can be positioned easily, reliably and flexibly. In particular, the transverse slide frame is configured as a closed annular body. The transverse slide frame comprises, in particular, transverse members extending in the transverse direction, which are connected with longitudinal members extending in the longitudinal direction. The lateral slide frame defines an interior space. At least one grinding unit is arranged in particular at least partially within the interior space when viewed in projection in the vertical direction. Preferably, the transverse slide frame has a rectangular shape.

A rail grinding machine comprising a guide frame mounted on a transverse slide so as to be rotatable about an axis of rotation extending parallel to the longitudinal direction ensures simple, reliable and flexible coarse and fine positioning of the grinding unit. The guide frame is arranged in particular on the closed transverse slide frame, so that the guide frame additionally reinforces the transverse slide frame. The guide frame enables the at least one grinding unit to be arranged such that the at least one grinding unit can be rotated about an axis of rotation and/or can be adjusted linearly in the vertical direction. At least one grinding unit is mounted in particular on both sides of the guide frame. At least one grinding unit is preferably arranged between the bearing points. Preferably, the guide frame is rotatably mounted on the transverse slide frame. The axis of rotation extends in particular parallel to the longitudinal direction. Preferably, the guide frame can be rotated by at least 60 °, in particular by at least 90 °, in particular by at least 120 °, about the axis of rotation. Preferably, the guide frame is mounted on the transverse slide, in particular at the closed transverse slide frame, by means of two rotary bearings. In particular, the guide frame comprises two guide elements which are mounted in a manner rotatable in the longitudinal direction at a distance from one another at the transverse slide, in particular at the closed transverse slide frame. The guide elements are connected to one another, in particular, by connecting elements. The guide frame preferably has a U-shape.

A rail grinding machine comprising a grinding unit carrier for arranging at least one grinding unit, which carrier is mounted in particular on a guide frame so as to be displaceable in the vertical direction, ensures simple, reliable and flexible coarse and fine positioning of the grinding unit. In particular, the finishing unit carrier is mounted on the guide frame on both sides. Preferably, the finishing unit carrier has two carrier elements which are mounted and guided on the guide frame, in particular on the guide elements, on both sides. In particular, the finishing unit carrier comprises connecting elements connecting the carrier elements to each other. The finishing unit carrier is particularly configured in a U-shape. Preferably, the carrier element and the connecting element are arranged in a U-shape relative to each other. In particular, the connecting element faces the connecting element of the guide frame. In particular, vertical positioning means for positioning the grinding unit carrier or the grinding units arranged thereon in a vertical direction are arranged at the connecting element. The vertical positioning device comprises in particular a spindle unit with a threaded spindle and a spindle nut. The threaded spindle is, for example, rotatably mounted at a connecting element of the guide frame, while the spindle nut is fastened to the connecting element of the grinding unit carrier. By actuating or rotating the threaded lead screw, the finishing unit carrier or the finishing unit arranged thereon is displaced and positioned in the vertical direction.

A rail grinding machine configured such that the guide frame comprises two guide elements on which two bearing elements for arranging at least one grinding unit are mounted ensures a simple, reliable and flexible coarse and fine positioning of the grinding unit. The carrier element is in particular part of a grinding unit carrier. In particular, at least one grinding unit is arranged on the carrier element. Preferably, at least one grinding unit is fastened to both carrier elements in an interchangeable manner. Preferably, at least one grinding unit is arranged between two carrier elements. In order to replace at least one grinding unit, the rail grinding machine comprises in particular a quick-change device. The quick-change device comprises a first quick-change element and an associated second quick-change element. The first quick-change element is in particular fastened to the carrier element, while the second quick-change element is fastened to the respective grinding unit. At least one grinding unit is arranged in the longitudinal direction between two guide elements and/or between two carrier elements.

A rail grinding machine configured such that at least one grinding unit is fastened in an interchangeable manner ensures simple, reliable and flexible coarse and fine positioning of the grinding unit. The at least one finishing unit is fastened, in particular, in an interchangeable manner to the guide frame, preferably to a finishing unit carrier arranged at the guide frame. For replacement, the rail grinding machine comprises in particular a quick-change device. The quick-change device enables a form-fitting and/or friction-locking interchangeable fastening of the at least one grinding unit. Preferably, the finishing unit carrier comprises two carrier elements which are interchangeably connected with at least one finishing unit by means of a quick change device. Preferably, the quick-change device comprises a first quick-change element and an associated second quick-change element, which can be reversibly connected to each other in a form-fitting and/or friction-locking manner. The first quick-change elements are in particular each arranged on a carrier element of the grinding unit carrier. An associated second quick-change element is arranged on each grinding unit. The respective finishing unit is arranged between the second quick-change elements such that the respective finishing unit is fastened or mounted on the finishing unit carrier in an interchangeable manner on both sides. Preferably, the first quick-change element and the associated second quick-change element are configured as respective linear guides. The respective linear guide extends transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the plane defined by the guide frame. Preferably, the first quick-change element together with the associated second quick-change element is configured as a respective linear guide, which is dovetail-shaped in cross-section.

A rail grinding machine comprising a first grinding unit for shaping a rail and a second grinding unit for deburring a rail ensures simple, reliable and flexible coarse and fine positioning of the grinding units. The first grinding unit is used for shaping the rail and comprises a grinding tool drive which drives a grinding tool configured as a cup wheel in rotation about a first axis of rotation. In contrast, the second grinding unit for deburring the rail comprises a grinding tool drive which drives a grinding tool configured as a grinding wheel in rotation about a second axis of rotation. When the grinding units are otherwise in the same position, the axes of rotation are arranged transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to one another. In particular, the first axis of rotation extends substantially in a vertical direction or parallel to a plane spanned by the guide frame, while the second axis of rotation extends substantially in a lateral direction or transverse to the plane spanned by the guide frame. The first finishing unit and the second finishing unit are especially interchangeable. Preferably, the first and second finishing units are interchangeably secured to the finishing unit carrier. For this purpose, the rail grinding machine comprises, in particular, a quick change device. The corresponding grinding tool drive comprises, in particular, an internal combustion engine and/or an electric motor.

Another object of the invention is to provide a method for grinding the rails of a track, in which method the grinding unit can be coarsely and finely positioned in a simple, reliable and flexible manner.

This object is achieved by a method for grinding a rail of a track, having the following steps: providing a rail grinding mill according to the present invention; coarsely and/or finely positioning the transverse sliding piece relative to the frame; and grinding the rail by at least one grinding unit. The advantages of the method according to the invention correspond to the advantages of the rail grinding mill according to the invention that have been described. The method according to the invention may be further developed, inter alia, to have at least one of the features described in connection with the rail grinding mill according to the invention.

With the rail grinding machine according to the invention, the rail, in particular in the region of a switch, can be shaped and/or deburred. For shaping the rail, the rail grinding machine has, in particular, a first grinding unit having a grinding tool drive and a grinding tool in the form of a cup wheel. The first grinding unit or cup wheel arranged on the transverse slide is positioned accurately in the transverse direction by means of the coarse positioning device and the fine positioning device, so that an accurate shaping of the rail can be achieved. For this purpose, the first grinding unit is first roughly positioned by the rough positioning means and is preferably locked in the set rough position. The first grinding unit is then accurately positioned by the fine positioning device relative to the rail to be profiled.

For deburring the rail, the rail grinding machine comprises a second grinding unit with a grinding tool drive and a grinding tool in the form of a grinding wheel. For deburring, the second grinding unit is positioned relative to the rail to be deburred, in particular only by means of the coarse positioning device. The fine positioning device is locked at a set fine position by self-locking. In particular, the rough positioning device allows simple, reliable and flexible deburring of the branching rails in the switch area.

Drawings

Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of several exemplary embodiments.

FIG. 1 shows a first side view of a rail grinding machine having coarse and fine positioning devices for positioning an interchangeable first grinding unit in accordance with a first exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 2 shows a top view of the rail grinding mill of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 shows a cross-section and a partial cross-sectional view of the coarse positioning device to illustrate the locking unit;

FIG. 4 shows a second side view of the rail grinding mill of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 shows an enlarged detail view V of a quick-change device for interchangeably fastening the first finishing unit of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 shows a side view of a rail grinding machine with an interchangeable second grinding unit replacing the first grinding unit; and

fig. 7 shows a partial side view of a rail grinding machine according to a second exemplary embodiment for illustrating a coarse positioning device and a fine positioning device.

Detailed Description

A first exemplary embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 6. The rail grinding machine 1 is used for grinding a rail 2 of a track. The rail grinding machine 1 comprises a machine frame 3, which machine frame 3 is guided on the rails 2 by means of guide rollers 4. The frame 3 comprises two

frame parts

5, 6, which

frame parts

5, 6 are connected to each other in a telescopic manner. By moving the

frame parts

5, 6 relative to each other, the guide rollers 4 can adapt to the distance between the rails 2.

The frame 3 comprises

longitudinal members

7, 8, 9 and

cross members

10, 11. The

longitudinal members

7, 8, 9 extend in the x-direction and are spaced apart from each other in a y-direction extending perpendicular to the x-direction. The x-direction is hereinafter referred to as the longitudinal direction, and the y-direction is hereinafter also referred to as the transverse direction. The longitudinal direction corresponds to the longitudinal rail direction. The

cross members

10, 11 extend in the y-direction and are spaced apart in the x-direction. The

cross members

10, 11 are fastened at the ends to the

longitudinal members

7, 8, so that the frame 3 has a rectangular shape. The

cross members

10, 11 can be telescopic to accommodate the distance between the rails 2. The longitudinal members 9 are connected with the

cross members

10, 11 to reinforce the frame 3 so that the frame part 5 has a substantially rectangular shape. By means of the

telescopic cross members

10, 11, the guide rollers 4 arranged at the frame part 5 and the guide rollers 4 arranged at the frame part 6 are variably spaced apart from one another in the y direction.

The rail grinding machine 1 can be moved manually on the rail 2. The guide rollers 4 define a direction of movement of the rail grinding machine 1, which corresponds to the longitudinal direction. A handle 12 is secured to the frame 3 for manually lifting and/or carrying the rail grinding machine 1. The guide roller 4 is mounted on the frame 3 such that it can rotate about a rotation axis. The axis of rotation extends parallel to the y-direction.

A transverse slide 13 is mounted on the frame 3. The cross slide 13 has a closed cross slide frame 14, which cross slide frame 14 is formed by cross slide

longitudinal members

15, 16 and cross

slide cross members

17, 18. The lateral slide

longitudinal members

15, 16 extend in the x-direction and are spaced apart from each other in the y-direction. The cross slide

longitudinal members

15, 16 are connected to each other at the ends by cross

slide cross members

17, 18 so that the cross slide frame 14 has a rectangular shape when viewed from above. The cross

slide cross members

17, 18 extend in the y-direction and are spaced apart from each other in the x-direction. The transverse slide frame 14 defines an interior space 19 when viewed from above.

The cross slide 13 comprises cross

slide guide rollers

20, 21 rotatably mounted on the cross

slide cross members

17, 18. The transverse-slide guide roller 20 is mounted at a distance from the transverse-slide guide roller 21 in the vertical z-direction, so that the transverse-slide guide roller 20 rests against the upper side of the machine frame 3 and the transverse-slide guide roller 21 rests against the lower side of the machine frame 3. The transverse

slide guide rollers

20, 21 serve to displace the transverse slide 13 in the y-direction or transverse direction. To this end, the transverse

slide guide rollers

20, 21 are mounted on the transverse slide frame 14 so as to be rotatable about the axis of rotation. The axis of rotation extends parallel to the x-direction. The z direction is also referred to as vertical direction below. The x, y and z directions extend as pairs perpendicular to each other, thereby forming a cartesian coordinate system.

For positioning the transverse slide 13, the rail grinding machine 1 comprises a coarse positioning device 22 and a fine positioning device 23. The coarse positioning device 22 serves for coarse positioning of the transverse slide 13 in the y-direction or transverse direction, while the fine positioning device 23 serves for fine positioning of the transverse slide 13 in the transverse direction. Fine positioning is more accurate than coarse positioning.

The coarse positioning device 22 includes an actuating mechanism 24. The actuating mechanism 24 has an actuating element 25 and a connecting element 26. The actuating element 25 is configured as an actuating rod. The actuating element 25 is fastened to the frame 3 and can be rotated relative to the frame 3 about a rotation axis 27. The axis of rotation 27 extends parallel to the x-direction. The connecting element 26 is configured as a connecting rod. The connecting element 26 is fastened to the actuating element 25 so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis 28. The axis of rotation 28 extends parallel to the x-direction and is spaced from the axis of rotation 27. By rotating the actuating element 25 about the axis of rotation 27, the angle α between the actuating element 25 and the connecting element 26 can be changed. The actuating mechanism 24 or the connecting element 26 is connected to the fine positioning device 23 in a manner described in more detail below.

The coarse positioning means 22 further comprise a locking unit 29. The locking unit 29 serves to lock and release or reversibly lock the coarse position. The locking unit 29 comprises a locking element 30 and a counter locking element 31. The counter locking element 31 is configured as a curved rack or arch of teeth. The counter locking element 31 is fastened to the chassis 3. The counter locking element 31 comprises a plurality of teeth 32, which teeth 32 are arranged along a partial circular arc around the rotation axis 27. The locking element 30 interacts with the counter locking element 31 in a form-fitting and friction-locking manner. For this purpose, the locking element 30 is configured in the form of a pin. The locking element 30 is provided with a toothed tip which can be positioned between two teeth 32 of a counter locking element 31. The locking element 30 is integrated in the actuating element 25. The actuating element 25 is configured tubular and the locking element 30 is arranged in the inner space of the actuating element 25.

The locking unit 29 is configured as a dual (dead-man) locking unit. In the unactuated state, the locking unit 29 is locked, whereas in the actuated state, the locking unit 29 is released. The locking unit 29 has a locking actuation element 33 for actuating the locking element 30. The locking actuation element 33 is configured as a pivoting lever. The locking actuation member 33 is connected to the locking member 30 by a locking actuation mechanism. The lock actuation mechanism comprises a tension element 34, stops 35, 36 and a spring element 37. The first stop 35 is connected to the actuating element 25. The first stop 35 is arranged between the locking element 30 and the lock actuation element 33 and has a passage opening through which the tension element 34 passes. The locking element 30 is provided with a second stop 36 on the side facing away from the counter locking element 31. A spring element 37 is arranged between the first stop 35 and the second stop 36 to configure a dual function.

The fine positioning device 23 comprises a spindle unit 38 with a threaded spindle 39 and a spindle nut 40. The threaded spindle 39 forms a first component and the spindle nut 40 forms a second component, which can be displaced linearly relative to one another in the direction of the spindle axis 41 by relative rotation. The threaded lead screw 39 is fastened to the transverse slide frame 14 by

bearings

42, 43. The spindle axis 41 extends parallel to the y direction. The threaded spindle 39 can thus rotate relative to the transverse slide 13 about the spindle axis 41, but is stationary relative to the transverse slide 13 in the direction of the spindle axis 41. The spindle nut 40 is arranged on the threaded spindle 39 between the

bearings

42, 43. The spindle nut 40 is connected to the connecting element 26 of the actuating mechanism 24. The end of the connecting element 26 facing away from the actuating element 25 is connected to the spindle nut 40 so as to be rotatable about a rotational axis 44. The axis of rotation 44 extends parallel to the x-direction and compensates for the change in angle alpha.

The fine positioning device 23 comprises an actuating element 45 and a transmission 46. The actuation element 45 is configured as a handwheel. The actuating element 45 is arranged at the handle 48 so as to be rotatable about a rotational axis 47. The handle 48 is configured in a U-shape and is fastened to the

cross members

10, 11. The axis of rotation 47 extends parallel to the y-direction. The transmission 46 transmits a rotational movement of the actuating element 45 about the rotational axis 47 to the threaded spindle 39, so that the threaded spindle 39 rotates about the spindle axis 41. The transmission mechanism 46 includes transmission wheels 49, 50 and a transmission belt 51. The transmission wheel 49 is connected in a torque-transmitting manner to the actuating element 45, while the transmission wheel 50 is connected in a torque-transmitting manner to the threaded spindle 39. A drive belt 51 transmits the rotary motion of the drive wheel 49 to the drive wheel 50.

In order to protect the threaded spindle 39, the fine positioning device 23 comprises

bellows

52, 53, the

bellows

52, 53 being arranged above the threaded spindle 39 between the bearing 42 and the spindle nut 40 and between the bearing 43 and the spindle nut 40.

The rail grinding machine 1 further comprises a guide frame 54, which guide frame 54 is fastened to the transverse slide frame 14 so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis 55. The axis of rotation 55 extends parallel to the x-direction. The guide frame 54 is configured in a U-shape. The guide frame 54 comprises guide elements 56, which guide elements 56 are fastened at respective first ends to the respective associated transverse

slide cross member

17, 18 by means of rotary bearings 57. The guide elements 56 are connected to each other at respective second ends by connecting elements 58. The guide frame 54 is arranged in the interior space 19 of the transverse slide 13, when viewed from above.

In order to rotate the guide frame 54, the rail grinding machine 1 comprises a rotating device 59. The turning device 59 is fastened to the transverse slide 13 and the guide frame 54. By means of the rotating device 59, the guide frame 54 can be rotated relative to the transverse slide 13 about the axis of rotation 55. The rotating means 59 comprise an actuating element 60. The actuation element 60 is configured as a handwheel. For rotation, the rotating means 59 comprise a gear wheel and an associated rack, not shown in more detail. The gear wheel is rotatably mounted on the transverse slide 13 and is connected with the actuating element 60. The rack is mounted on the guide frame 54 and interacts with the pinion for rotation.

For an interchangeable arrangement of the first 61 or second 62 grinding unit, the rail grinder 1 comprises a grinding unit carrier 63. The finishing unit carrier 63 is mounted on the guide frame 54. The finishing unit carrier 63 comprises a tubular carrier element 64, the tubular carrier element 64 being guided linearly on the guide element 56. The carrier elements 64 are connected to each other at the end facing away from the machine frame 3 by means of connecting elements 65, so that the finishing unit carrier 63 is configured in a U-shape.

The finishing unit carrier 63 can be displaced linearly on the guide frame 54 by means of a vertical positioning device 66. The vertical positioning means 66 comprise a threaded lead screw 67, which threaded lead screw 67 is rotatably mounted on the connecting element 58 of the guide frame 54. The threaded screw 67 is connected to an actuating element 68. The actuation element 68 is configured as a handwheel. The vertical positioning device 66 further comprises a lead screw nut 69, which lead screw nut 69 is firmly connected with the connecting element 65 of the finishing unit carrier 63. By rotating the actuating element 68, the grinding unit carrier 63 may be linearly displaced upwards or downwards (i.e. in the z-direction), depending on the direction of rotation.

In order to fasten the first grinding unit 61 or the second grinding unit 62 interchangeably, the rail grinding machine 1 has a quick-change device 70. By means of the quick change device 70, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the first finishing unit 61 is fastened to the finishing unit carrier 63 and thus to the transverse slide 13. The first finishing unit 61 is fastened to the carrier element 64 by means of a quick change device 70. The first finishing unit 61 can thus be displaced in the x-direction by means of the guide roller 4, in the y-direction by means of the transverse slide 13, rotated about the axis of rotation 55 by means of the guide frame 54, and/or in the z-direction by means of the finishing unit carrier 63.

The first grinding unit 61 is used to shape the rail 2. The first grinding unit 61 comprises a grinding tool driver 71, which grinding tool driver 71 drives the first grinding tool 72 in rotation about a first axis of rotation 73. The grinding tool 72 is configured as a cup wheel. The rotation axis 73 extends parallel to the plane E spanned by the guide frame 54. The axis of rotation 73 extends obliquely to the z direction. This constitutes the grinding clearance angle.

In contrast, the second grinding unit 62 is used to deburr the rail 2. As shown in fig. 6, the second finishing unit 62 is fastened to the finishing unit carrier 63 and thus to the transverse slide 13. The second grinding unit 62 comprises a grinding tool driver 74, which grinding tool driver 74 drives the second grinding tool 75 in rotation about a second axis of rotation 76. The second grinding tool 75 is configured as a grinding wheel. The axis of rotation 76 extends transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the plane E spanned by the guide frame 54.

The respective grinding tool drives 71, 74 comprise internal combustion engines. The respective finishing units 61, 62 are mounted on both sides on a finishing unit carrier 63. This ensures that the respective grinding units 61, 62 are fastened accurately and reliably. The U-shaped finishing unit carrier 63 is reinforced by the mounting of both sides of the respective finishing units 61, 62.

The quick-change device 70 comprises a first quick-change element 77 and an associated second quick-change element 78. A first quick change element 77 is fastened to the opposite side of the carrier element 64. The associated second quick-change element 78 is fastened to the respective grinding unit 61, 62. The distance and position of the first quick change element 77 corresponds to the distance and position of the second quick change element 78. Each first quick-change element 77 constitutes, together with an associated second quick-change element 78, a linear guide L. To this end, each first quick-change element 77 comprises, for example, a groove, while the associated second quick-change element 78 comprises a corresponding projection. For example, each linear guide L is configured to have a dovetail shape in cross section. The linear guide L formed by the quick-

change elements

77, 78 extends transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the plane E spanned by the guide frame 54. The second quick-change element 78 can be displaced by an associated actuating element 79. The actuating element 79 is configured, for example, as a pivoting lever. By actuating the actuating element 79, the first quick-change element 77 is clamped on the associated second quick-change element 78. The respective finishing unit 61, 62 is thus fastened to the finishing unit carrier 63 by means of the quick-change device 70 in a form-fitting and friction-locking manner.

The rail grinding machine 1 operates as follows:

the rail grinding machine 1 shown in fig. 1 to 5 is used, for example, for shaping a rail 2. The first grinding unit 61 is coarsely positioned in the lateral direction or in the y direction by the coarse positioning device 22, and finely positioned in the lateral direction or in the y direction by the fine positioning device 23. For coarse positioning, the operator releases the locking unit 29 by locking the actuating element 33 and rotates the actuating element 25 in the desired rotational direction about the rotational axis 27. By rotation, the angle α is changed and the connecting element 26 is rotated about the axis of rotation 28. Since the connecting element 26 is connected to the spindle nut 40 of the fine positioning device 23, the transverse slide 13 is linearly movable on the machine frame 3 in the y direction or parallel to the y direction. The spindle unit 38 is configured to be self-locking, so that a movement of the spindle nut 40 caused by the connecting element 26 does not lead to a rotational movement of the threaded spindle 39, but rather to a linear movement of the transverse slide 13.

For fine positioning of the transverse slide 13, the coarse positioning device 22 is first locked in the desired coarse position. For this reason, the operator no longer actuates the locking actuation element 33. Due to the pretensioning force of the spring element 37, the locking element 30 is displaced towards the counter locking element 31, so that the locking element 30 engages between the two teeth 32 of the counter locking element 31 and locks the coarse positioning device 22.

In the set rough position, the transverse slide 13 is accurately positioned by means of the fine positioning device 23. To this end, the operator rotates the actuating element 45 about the axis of rotation 47 in the desired direction of rotation. The rotational movement is transmitted via a gear mechanism 46 to the threaded spindle 39, the threaded spindle 39 rotating about the spindle axis 41. Since the spindle nut 40 is stationary in the transverse direction or y direction due to the locked coarse positioning device 22, the transverse slide 13 is linearly displaced and accurately positioned in the transverse direction or y direction by a linear relative movement of the threaded spindle 39 relative to the spindle nut 40. The coarse positioning device 22 and the fine positioning device 23 thus act on the same transverse slide 13 via the spindle unit 38.

To further position the first grinding unit 61, the guide frame 54 can be rotated about the axis of rotation 55 by means of a rotating device 59. The first grinding unit 61 can be displaced linearly in the z-direction by means of the vertical positioning device 66 and thus the first grinding unit 61 can be fed to the rail 2 or can be height-adjusted. Furthermore, the rail grinding machine 1 can be displaced manually in the x direction by means of the guide rollers 4. The shaping of the rail 2 by the first grinding tool 72 is carried out in the usual manner.

For replacing the first grinding unit 61, the transverse slide 13 is displaced between the rails 2 by means of the coarse positioning device 22. The actuating element 79 of the quick change device 70 is then released, thereby releasing the clamping of the first finishing unit 61 to the finishing unit carrier 63. The first finishing unit 61 can now be manually removed from the finishing unit carrier 63. For this purpose, the first grinding unit 61 is linearly displaced transversely to the plane E spanned by the guide frame 54, so that the second quick-change element 78 is removed from the associated first quick-change element 77.

In order to fasten the second finishing unit 62 to the finishing unit carrier 63, the second finishing unit 62 is inserted into the first quick-change element 77 together with the second quick-change element 78. The actuating element 79 is then actuated so as to clamp the second finishing unit 62 in the finishing unit carrier 63. The second finishing unit 62 is now connected with the finishing unit carrier 63 in a form-fitting and friction-locking manner by means of the quick-change device 70. A rail grinding machine 1 with a second grinding unit 62 is shown in fig. 6.

By means of a second grinding tool 75 configured as a grinding wheel, for example, the rail 2 can be deburred. A deburring is necessary, for example, for the branch rails 2 of a switch. The second grinding unit 62 can be positioned in a simple manner in the transverse direction or y-direction by means of the coarse positioning device 22 in order to deburr the branch rail 2. For this purpose, the rail grinding machine 1 is located on a straight running rail 2. The locking unit 29 is released by locking the actuating element 33. The locking actuation element 33 actuates the tension element 34, which tension element 34 displaces the locking element 30 from the counter locking element 31 against the force of the spring element 37. By rotating the actuating element 25 about the axis of rotation 27, the transverse slide 13 and thus the second finishing unit 62 can be positioned easily and quickly in the transverse direction or y-direction. Further positioning of the second grinding unit 62 is carried out in the manner already described. As already described above, the second grinding unit 62 is replaced and the first grinding unit 61 is fastened.

A second exemplary embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 7. For better illustration of the coarse positioning device 22 and the fine positioning device 23, the guide frame 54, the rotating device 59, the first grinding unit 61 or the second grinding unit 62, the grinding unit carrier 63 and the vertical positioning device 66 are not shown in fig. 7. In contrast to the first exemplary embodiment, the actuating element 25 of the coarse positioning device 22 can be displaced linearly in the transverse direction or y-direction relative to the machine frame 3 by means of a linear guide 80. The actuating element 25 is connected to the spindle nut 40. Thus, in contrast to the first exemplary embodiment, the actuating mechanism 24 does not comprise a connecting element. In contrast, the actuating mechanism 24 comprises an actuating element 25 and a linear guide 80. The locking element 30 of the locking unit 29 interacts directly with the chassis 3. The locking element 30 is configured, for example, as a brake shoe. The locking element 30 frictionally locks the coarse positioning means 22 relative to the housing 3. The actuating element 25 of the fine positioning device 23 is fastened directly to the threaded lead screw 39. With regard to further construction and further mode of operation, reference is made to the description of the preceding exemplary embodiments.

The features of the exemplary embodiments may be combined in any desired manner.

Claims

1. A rail grinding machine for grinding a rail of a track, the rail grinding machine having:

-a frame (3);

-a plurality of guide rollers (4), said plurality of guide rollers (4) being rotatably mounted on said frame (3) for manually moving said rail grinding machine (1) on a rail (2);

-a transverse slide (13), the transverse slide (13) being mounted on the frame (3) displaceably in a transverse direction (y); and

-at least one grinding unit (61, 62) arranged at the transverse slide (13),

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the rail grinding machine comprises a coarse positioning device (22) for coarse positioning and a fine positioning device (23) for fine positioning of the transverse slide (13) in the transverse direction (y).

2. A steel rail grinding machine according to claim 1,

the coarse positioning device (22) comprises an actuating mechanism (24).

3. A rail grinding mill according to claim 1,

the coarse positioning device (22) comprises an actuating mechanism (24) connected to the fine positioning device (23).

4. A rail grinding mill according to claim 2,

the actuating mechanism (24) comprises an actuating element (25) which is displaceable relative to the chassis (3).

5. A rail grinding mill according to claim 1,

the fine positioning device (23) comprises a first part and a second part which can be displaced relative to each other for fine positioning, and

an actuating element (25) of the coarse positioning device (22) is connected to the second component.

6. A rail grinding mill according to claim 1,

the coarse positioning device (22) comprises a locking unit (29) for locking and releasing the coarse position.

7. A rail grinding mill according to claim 1,

the fine positioning device (23) comprises a spindle unit (38), wherein the spindle unit (38) has a threaded spindle (39) and a spindle nut (40).

8. A rail grinding mill according to claim 7,

the spindle nut (40) is connected to an actuating mechanism (24) of the coarse positioning device (22).

9. A rail grinding mill according to claim 7 or 8,

the threaded spindle (39) is rotatably mounted on the transverse slide (13) by means of bearings (42, 43).

10. A rail grinding mill according to claim 1,

the fine positioning device (23) comprises an actuating element (45).

11. A steel rail grinding machine according to claim 1,

the transverse slide (13) comprises a closed transverse slide frame (14).

12. A steel rail grinding machine according to claim 1,

the rail grinding machine comprises a guide frame (54), which guide frame (54) is mounted on the transverse slide (13) so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis (55) extending parallel to the longitudinal direction (x).

13. A rail grinding mill according to claim 12,

the rail grinding machine comprises a grinding unit carrier (63) for arranging the at least one grinding unit (61, 62).

14. A rail grinding mill according to claim 12,

the rail grinding machine comprises a grinding unit carrier (63) for arranging the at least one grinding unit (61, 62), which carrier (63) is mounted on the guide frame (54) so as to be displaceable in the vertical direction (z).

15. A rail grinding mill according to claim 12 or 13,

the guide frame (54) comprises two guide elements (56), on which two carrier elements (64) for arranging the at least one grinding unit (61, 62) are mounted.

16. A rail grinding mill according to claim 1,

the at least one finishing unit (61, 62) is fastened in an interchangeable manner.

17. A rail grinding mill according to claim 1,

the rail grinding machine comprises a first grinding unit (61) for shaping the rail (2) and a second grinding unit (62) for deburring the rail (2).

18. A method for grinding a rail of a track, the method having the steps of:

-providing a steel rail grinding mill (1) according to claim 1,

-at least one of the group consisting of coarse positioning and fine positioning of said transverse slide (13) with respect to said frame (3); and

-grinding the rail (2) by means of said at least one grinding unit (61, 62).