Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
  • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
  • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
  • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
  • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
  • A24F40/46—Shape or structure of electric heating means
  • A24F40/465—Shape or structure of electric heating means specially adapted for induction heating
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
  • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
  • A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
  • A24B15/16—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of tobacco substitutes
  • A24B15/167—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of tobacco substitutes in liquid or vaporisable form, e.g. liquid compositions for electronic cigarettes
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
  • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
  • A24F40/10—Devices using liquid inhalable precursors
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
  • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
  • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
  • A24F40/42—Cartridges or containers for inhalable precursors
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
  • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
  • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
  • A24F40/44—Wicks
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
  • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
  • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
  • A24F40/46—Shape or structure of electric heating means
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
  • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
  • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
  • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
  • A24F40/48—Fluid transfer means, e.g. pumps
  • A24F40/485—Valves; Apertures
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M15/00—Inhalators
  • A61M15/06—Inhaling appliances shaped like cigars, cigarettes or pipes
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
  • H05B6/02—Induction heating
  • H05B6/06—Control, e.g. of temperature, of power
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M11/00—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
  • A61M11/04—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes operated by the vapour pressure of the liquid to be sprayed or atomised
  • A61M11/041—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes operated by the vapour pressure of the liquid to be sprayed or atomised using heaters
  • A61M11/042—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes operated by the vapour pressure of the liquid to be sprayed or atomised using heaters electrical
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
  • A61M2205/36—General characteristics of the apparatus related to heating or cooling
  • A61M2205/368—General characteristics of the apparatus related to heating or cooling by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. IR waves

Definitions

• the invention relates to an evaporator system for evaporating a composition, a cartridge for a corresponding evaporator system, a portable evaporation device comprising a corresponding evaporator system, an absorber for a corresponding evaporator system, a composition for a corresponding evaporator system, a spatial juxtaposition of several components of a corresponding Evaporation system and a method for evaporating a composition in an evaporation system.
• Uses of corresponding cartridges, absorbers and compositions in corresponding evaporator systems are also disclosed.
• wick-coil systems are often disadvantageous, since they are particularly often perceived as too uncontrolled and too inefficient.
• the arrangement of wick and heater varies greatly due to the manufacturing process, which means that, depending on the production copy, a different amount of liquid and thus also the active ingredient is evaporated per puff.
• new evaporator systems have been developed in recent years which eliminate or reduce the disadvantages known for wick-coil systems.
• Corresponding systems are disclosed, for example, in DE102017111435, whereby it has been shown that many conventional concepts from the wick-coil systems cannot easily be transferred to more modern concepts in many cases.
• the design of the heating elements and cartridges and their arrangement in an evaporator system in conventional systems is severely restricted by the electrical contacting of the heating element which is absolutely necessary.
• these systems which require a physical connection between the reusable part and the heating element, are known to often have problems with the tightness of the system, since the heating element is in turn in contact with the liquid, so that relatively complex and expensive seals can be necessary.
• the heating element is a comparatively complex component which is expensive to manufacture and which in this case can only be disposed of with the cartridge after it has been used, which is disadvantageous from an economic and / or ecological point of view.
• the heating element and the electronic contact are usually made of other materials (often metals, semiconductors or ceramics) than the reservoir (often glass or plastic) and possibly the casing of the cartridge (often plastic), so that the cartridge can be recycled, for example in the context of recycling, which makes contamination with foreign material difficult.
• a primary object of the invention was to provide an improved evaporator system for evaporating a composition which eliminates or at least reduces at least one of the disadvantages of the prior art described above.
• the desired improvement can relate in particular to one or more, preferably all, of the problems listed below: (i) avoiding at least one disadvantage associated with the use of wick-coil systems and specifying an evaporator system that can be better controlled; (ii) specify an evaporation system which causes as little waste as possible when used and is at least largely recyclable; (iii) specify an evaporator system which is particularly easy to make ready for operation again after use and which has a particularly high level of operational safety, minimizes the dangers to the health of the user and maximizes the operational safety and durability of the device; (iv) enable safe storage and easy transport of the evaporator system; (v) to specify an evaporator system which does not require any complex and costly electrical contacting and which shows no signs of wear even with repeated use; (vi) to specify an evaporator system which allows a high degree of flexibility in the design of the elements used for evaporation and the cartridge, as well as with regard to their arrangement in an evaporator system; (Vii) to specify
• a secondary object of the invention was to provide a cartridge for a corresponding evaporator system, a portable evaporation device comprising a corresponding evaporator system, an absorber for a corresponding evaporator system, a composition for a corresponding evaporator system, a spatial juxtaposition of several components of a corresponding evaporator system and a To specify a method for vaporizing a composition in a vaporizing system and uses of corresponding cartridges, absorbers and compositions in corresponding vaporizing systems.
• an evaporator system for evaporating a composition, cartridges, a portable evaporation device, an absorber, a composition, the spatial juxtaposition of several components of a corresponding evaporator system, a method and uses, such as them are defined in the independent claims. Preferred embodiments according to the invention emerge from the subclaims.
• the primary energy is provided in the form of electromagnetic radiation, which is emitted by a radiation source and which is converted into secondary energy by an absorber arranged in the cartridge, which is thermal energy and / or electromagnetic radiation with higher levels than the absorbed electromagnetic radiation Wavelength can act, which then causes the evaporation of the composition.
• the invention is thus based on the concept of not supplying the composition in the cartridge with energy in the form of direct thermal energy, which was converted by a heating element as primary energy from electrical energy, but via electromagnetic radiation that is generated in the reusable part by means of electrical energy from a radiation source was emitted and which is only converted into thermal energy (or electromagnetic radiation with an increased wavelength compared to the absorbed electromagnetic radiation) in an absorber in the cartridge.
• This structure is fundamentally different to the evaporator systems in the prior art, in which an electrical heating element in the cartridge is mechanically and electrically conductively connected to an electrical energy source in the reusable part in order to convert electrical energy directly into the thermal energy required for evaporation.
• the invention relates to an evaporator system for evaporating a composition, comprising: a first element comprising at least one radiation source connected to an electrical energy source, which is set up to emit electromagnetic radiation, and a second element comprising at least one reservoir for Recording of the composition and at least one absorber, which is set up to at least partially absorb the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation source and at least partially convert it into thermal energy and / or this at least partially as electromagnetic radiation with increased compared to the absorbed electromagnetic radiation To emit wave length, wherein the first and the second element can be connected to one another in a reversible and non-destructive detachable manner and wherein a radiation conductor is arranged such that when the first and the second element are connected to one another, a radiation-conducting connection is formed between the radiation source and the absorber, the evaporator system being set up for this to evaporate the composition by the thermal energy obtained by the absorber by conversion from the electromagnetic radiation and / or the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the absorb
• Vaporizer systems according to the invention are suitable and intended for vaporizing a composition, it being possible for the composition to be solid or liquid.
• the term evaporation in the context of the present invention also includes sublimation, that is, the direct transfer of a solid by supplying thermal energy into the gas phase.
• the evaporator system comprises a first and a second element, which represent structurally structurally separate elements.
• the first element which is typically a reusable part, i.e. H. a part which is used more than once by the future customer comprises a radiation source electrically connected to an electrical energy source, the first element preferably also comprising the electrical energy source.
• the electrical energy source is arranged in a further, separate element that can be detachably connected to the first or second element in a non-destructive manner.
• the radiation source is set up to emit electromagnetic radiation.
• the second element which is typically a disposable part, ie an element which is only used once by the consumer and disposed of after use, is also referred to as a cartridge by those skilled in the art.
• the second element, or the cartridge comprises at least one reservoir for receiving the composition, the second element in a preferred embodiment also comprising the composition in the reservoir.
• the second element comprises at least one absorber, the term absorber describing the absorption properties of the material with regard to the absorption of electromagnetic radiation and not assuming that the absorber is suitable for other types of absorption, for example the absorption of liquid.
• the absorber is set up to at least partially absorb the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation source arranged in the first element.
• the concept of the absorption of electromagnetic radiation in condensed matter is known to the person skilled in the art.
• the absorber is set up in such a way that it at least partially converts the electromagnetic radiation into thermal energy.
• a typical everyday example to illustrate this process is a black surface that heats up when sunlight falls through the absorption of the incident radiation, due to the thermal energy generated by conversion. This principle is also known to the person skilled in the art.
• the absorber is set up to additionally or alternatively emit the absorbed radiation at least partially as electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength that is greater than that of the absorbed electromagnetic radiation.
• a corresponding de wavelength shift is sometimes also referred to as a Stokes shift and is known to the person skilled in the art as an effect that can occur, for example, in fluorescence or phosphorescence. Accordingly, evaporator systems according to the invention are preferred which comprise a fluorescent or phosphorescent absorber.
• Matter usually absorbs electromagnetic radiation at different wavelengths to different degrees. Each matter can have several different absorption maxima along the entire electromagnetic spectrum.
• An absorption maximum is present when the first derivative of the absorption curve with respect to the wavelength is zero and the second derivative is not equal to zero.
• the highest absorption maximum is the absorption maximum at which the absorption reaches its maximum value, preferably based on a wavelength interval of 1 cm to 120 nm, particularly preferably between 1 mm and 200 nm, very particularly preferably between 50 pm and 280 nm. Since many radiation sources are not monochromatic and accordingly emit a spectrum, the above statements apply accordingly to emission maxima and the wavelength of the highest emission of the radiation source.
• the expression “at least partially” means at least 10%, preferably at least 30%, particularly preferably at least 50%, very particularly preferably at least 70%.
• the above statements mean that the absorber is set up to heat itself and / or the surrounding composition through the thermal energy obtained by converting the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation source and absorbed by the absorber to heat the emitted electromagnetic radiation with an increased wavelength compared to the absorbed electromagnetic radiation, or that the absorber is set up to convert the emitted electromagnetic radiation with an increased wavelength compared to the absorbed electromagnetic radiation by a Stokes shift from the electromagnetic radiation of the radiation source to create.
• evaporator systems which include exactly one radiation source and exactly one absorber and exactly one reservoir, since these evaporator systems are particularly inexpensive to manufacture and are particularly simple in their structure.
• the first and the second element are designed in such a way that they can be connected to one another in a reversible and non-destructive releasable manner.
• the first and / or the second element preferably comprises fastening means suitable for this, in particular hooks and eyes, click connections, plug connections, clamp connections, bayonet connections or screw connections or any combination thereof.
• reversible and non-destructively releasable relate to the component used for connection and / or fastening, for example the screw thread. It cannot be ruled out that there may be deliberate changes in the first and / or second element before or during the connection of the first and second elements, which, however, do not affect the connectivity and detachability.
• the first element comprises, for example, a mandrel or a similar structure with which a protective film attached to the second element or another pierceable component is deliberately punctured during connection.
• the first element comprises, for example, a mandrel or a similar structure with which a protective film attached to the second element or another pierceable component is deliberately punctured during connection.
• a radiation conductor is arranged in the evaporator system in such a way that when the first and second elements are used, a radiation-conducting connection is formed between the radiation source and the absorber. This means that in the connected state, radiation can reach the absorber in the second element from the radiation source in the first element.
• a radiation conductor is arranged in such a way that when the first and second elements are connected to one another, a radiation-conducting connection can be formed between the radiation source and the absorber.
• a vaporizer system according to the invention for vaporizing a composition comprising: a first element comprising at least one radiation source connected to an electrical energy source, which is set up to emit electromagnetic radiation, and a second element comprising at least one reservoir for Recording the composition and at least one absorber, which is set up to at least partially absorb the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation source and at least partially convert it into thermal energy.
• the first and the second element are reversibly and non-destructively detachably connected to one another and wherein a radiation conductor is arranged so that a radiation-conducting connection between the Radiation source and the absorber is formed, wherein the evaporator system is set up to evaporate the composition by the thermal energy obtained by the absorber by conversion from the electromagnetic radiation and / or the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the absorber with an increased wavelength compared to the absorber electromagnetic radiation .
• the radiation guide can in particular be formed by the protective screen or lens of a light-emitting diode or the transparent wall of the reservoir.
• the radiation conductor can be designed in one piece or have several components.
• the radiation conductor can have any suitable design that is suitable for guiding the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation source to the absorber.
• Both the first element and the second element preferably each comprise a radiation conductor, the two radiation conductors being arranged in such a way that when the first and second elements are connected, they are joined to one another in such a way that a radiation-conducting connection is formed between the radiation source and the absorber .
• the evaporator system according to the invention is set up to evaporate the composition through the thermal energy obtained from the absorber by conversion from the electromagnetic radiation and / or the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the absorber with an increased wavelength compared to the absorber electromagnetic radiation. This means that the energy necessary for the evaporation of the composition takes place through the thermal energy given off by the absorber to the composition and / or by the absorption of electromagnetic radiation with an increased wavelength in the composition compared to the absorbed electromagnetic radiation.
• the radiation source is thus supplied with electrical energy by the electrical energy source and emits electromagnetic radiation with a spectrum that is determined by the construction and function of the radiation source.
• the electromagnetic radiation is guided via the radiation conductor to the absorber, which absorbs at least part of the electromagnetic radiation, losses being possible, for example, through reflection or scattering.
• the absorber now converts at least part of the absorbed light into thermal energy, which is also referred to as thermal energy, or emits electromagnetic radiation shifted to longer wavelengths, also referred to as "red-shifted", which is absorbed by the composition and there into thermal Energy can be converted.
• the composition evaporates and is usually supplied to the user through a chimney or channel, for example by applying negative pressure, i.e. suction.
• the evaporation of the composition thus takes place causally through the interaction of the radiated electromagnetic radiation with the absorber and thus quasi indirectly.
• the composition does not evaporate, or almost does not, as a result of the direct interaction of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation source with the composition.
• the composition shows almost no absorption at the wavelength of the highest emission of the radiation source, ie less than 5%, preferably less than 1%, more preferably less than 0.5%, very particularly preferably less than 0.1% of the maximum absorption.
• the electromagnetic radiation from the radiation source shows almost no interaction with the composition and even reaches the absorber directly if part of the composition is in the beam path.
• the vaporizer system according to the invention in the absence of sufficient energy transfer between the radiation source and the composition, is not suitable for vaporizing a composition, when the absorber is removed or the absorber does not show absorption at a wavelength that is emitted by the selected radiation source.
• the further components in the second element ie the radiation-conducting components apart from the absorber, do not have any at the wavelength of the radiated electromagnetic radiation or show only a very low absorption, preferably less than 5%, particularly preferably less than 1%, particularly preferably less than 0.5%, of the maximum absorption.
• the conversion of the absorbed radiation into thermal energy in the absorber probably makes the greatest contribution to the evaporation of the composition in many cases.
• the absorber being set up to at least partially absorb the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation source and at least partially converting it into thermal energy
• the evaporator system being set up to convert the composition by the absorber by conversion to evaporate thermal energy obtained from the electromagnetic radiation.
• the absorber will always also emit at least a small part of the electromagnetic radiation picked up as wavelength shifted radiation.
• the inventors have recognized that this can be used for particularly efficient evaporation.
• the idea here is that if the radiation source emits electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength that is not, or almost not, absorbed by the composition, the wavelength shift in the absorber can advantageously lead to the wavelength of the radiation being shifted into a range in which the composition shows sufficient absorption.
• An example of this would be the use of a blue radiation source with a wavelength of around 450 nm, with which a typical liquid from an e-cigarette shows only a very low level of absorption. Due to the red shift in the absorber, the absorber emits radiation with a longer wavelength, that of the liquid can be absorbed so that the composition can be supplied with energy by this, so to speak secondary, electromagnetic radiation.
• a person skilled in the art chooses suitable materials for the absorber on the basis of his specialist knowledge, with a dark color, e.g. dark green, dark red or dark blue, or black having a high absorption capacity in the relevant wavelength range for many applications in the area of visible light and adjacent spectral ranges indicates and thus indicates a fundamental suitability as an absorber within the scope of the invention.
• a dark color e.g. dark green, dark red or dark blue, or black having a high absorption capacity in the relevant wavelength range for many applications in the area of visible light and adjacent spectral ranges indicates and thus indicates a fundamental suitability as an absorber within the scope of the invention.
• the principle of the invention can be used for a wide range of radiation sources and electromagnetic radiation, whereby the person skilled in the art can select a suitable absorber in case of doubt on the basis of absorption values or absorption spectra tabulated in standard works.
• Components that are not sufficiently absorbent can be colored, colored through or coated by typical color pigments, black pigments such as carbon black in particular being cheap, readily available and suitable. Accordingly, the absorber particularly preferably comprises colored pigments, natural dyes such as chlorophyll being particularly preferred.
• the reservoir is preferably a tank.
• the reservoir can be formed by a suitable holder, e.g., a clamp, or receptacle for the solid.
• the user can loosen the connection between the first and the second element, so that only the second element is exchanged for a new second element, which in turn is filled with fresh composition got to. Since the durability of most radiation sources, in particular that of the light-emitting diodes preferred in the context of the present invention, is particularly long, the only maintenance task for the first element is regularly recharging the energy store.
• the evaporator system according to the invention in particular avoids the disadvantages associated with the use of conventional wick-filament systems, since it does not have to use an incandescent filament.
• the radiation source used can regularly be controlled particularly precisely and, if necessary, can be easily fine-tuned through the use of filters, lenses and similar components.
• the arrangement according to the invention allows the vaporizer system after use and complete evaporation of the composition in the second element to make this ready for operation again in a particularly simple manner, in that only the second element has to be exchanged.
• the arrangement can be fixed by fastening elements in such a way that the radiation source arranged in the first element, in the connected state, can radiate onto the absorber through a transparent shell of the reservoir.
• evaporator systems according to the invention advantageously have a particularly high flexibility in the design of the elements used for evaporation and the cartridge, as well as in terms of their arrangement in the entire evaporator system, which cannot be implemented in conventional systems.
• cartridges can also be designed, if necessary, so that there is more than one fitting position, ie arrangement position of the cartridge relative to the first element, when connecting to the first element, whereby the number of user errors when connecting can be reduced.
• the evaporator system according to the invention Since there is no need for an electrically conductive connection between a heating element in direct contact with the composition and the energy store, the evaporator system according to the invention also has a particularly high degree of tightness and enables safe operation even without the use of expensive seals.
• the most cost-intensive components, in particular the radiation source and the electrical energy store are advantageously arranged in the reusable part.
• the cartridge, ie the second element instead of a complex heating element, the cartridge, ie the second element, only has to have an absorber, the material of which can also be selected so that there is a high level of compatibility with and / or easy separability from the material of the reservoir, for example when using a colored silicate glass in a reservoir made of silicate glass. This improves the recyclability of the cartridge in a particularly advantageous manner.
• Evaporator systems according to the invention are very particularly preferred and are accordingly emphasized here, the emitted electromagnetic radiation having the highest intensity maximum below a wavelength of 500 nm, preferably in the range from 410 to 490 nm, preferably 430 to 480 nm, particularly preferably 440 to 470 nm, the electromagnetic radiation particularly preferably having a spectral bandwidth at 50% of the maximum intensity of 5 to 50 nm, preferably 10 to 40 nm, particularly preferably 20 up to 30nm.
• the intensity of non-ideally monochromatic electromagnetic radiation is a function of the wavelength.
• spectral bandwidth at 50% of the maximum intensity denotes the wavelength difference between the two wavelengths lying on the left and right of the intensity maximum in the spectrum, at which the intensity has dropped to 50% of the maximum value.
• evaporator systems are preferred because they make the most advantageous use of the fact that with the invention, ie through the use of an absorber and the "indirect" energy input into the composition provided therewith, the use of IR radiation, ie electromagnetic radiation in the IR range can be dispensed with.
• IR radiation ie electromagnetic radiation in the IR range
• Corresponding evaporator systems are also preferred because the liquids in use today in the specified radiation range usually show no significant absorption and thus the absorber can also be irradiated without problems when it is arranged in the composition.
• simple, black absorber materials have often proven to be particularly efficient absorbers at these wavelengths. It was found to be a particularly great advantage that the specified characteristics of the electromagnetic radiation can be implemented particularly easily with particularly inexpensive and at the same time long-lasting radiation sources.
• evaporator systems according to the invention are preferred, the emitted electromagnetic radiation having the highest intensity maximum below a wavelength of 500 nm, and the composition having almost no absorption at the wavelength of the highest intensity maximum, ie less than 5%, preferably less than 1%, more preferably less than 0.5%, very particularly preferably less than 0.1%, of the maximum absorption and / or wherein the absorber has an absorption of at the wavelength of the highest intensity maximum shows more than 50%, preferably more than 75%, particularly preferably more than 95% of the maximum absorption, evaporator systems according to the invention with the and linkage of the type of conversion of the energy being particularly preferred.
• an evaporator system for evaporating a composition comprising: at least one radiation source connected to an electrical energy source, which is configured to emit electromagnetic radiation, at least one reservoir for receiving the composition, and at least one absorber which is configured to do so to at least partially absorb the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation source and at least partially convert it into thermal energy and / or at least partially emit it as electromagnetic radiation with an increased wavelength compared to the absorbed electromagnetic radiation, a radiation conductor being arranged so that there is a radiation-conducting connection between the radiation source and the absorber, wherein the evaporator system is set up to evaporate the composition using the thermal energy obtained by the absorber by conversion from the electromagnetic radiation and / or the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the absorber with a wavelength greater than the absorber electromagnetic radiation, the emitted electromagnetic radiation has the highest intensity maximum below
• an evaporator system is preferred, the absorber being a three-dimensional body whose expansion in two spatial directions is greater than or at least equal to the expansion in the third spatial direction, preferably a plate with any base area, in particular a disk, or a cuboid, where the Absorber preferably has at least one flat or curved surface, preferably at least two, particularly preferably at least four flat surfaces, or wherein the evaporator system comprises a composition and the absorber is formed by particles that are mixed with the composition to be evaporated or in the one to be evaporated Composition are dispersed. Corresponding evaporator systems according to the invention have proven to be particularly advantageous in our own tests.
• the absorber advantageously has at least one flat or curved surface which can be irradiated particularly efficiently by the radiation source in order to ensure the greatest possible interaction between the electromagnetic radiation and the absorber.
• flat structures are clearly preferred, with at least one flat or essentially flat surface, by means of which losses due to scattering and reflection can be avoided in the best possible way.
• Corresponding evaporator systems according to the invention with a solid, macroscopic absorber are particularly easy to control and allow a particularly fine adjustment of the beam path and the energy transfer.
• Corresponding absorbers are preferred because they regularly have a high ratio of irradiated area to mass of the absorber.
• the absorber can be provided directly with the composition to be evaporated. In this case it is sometimes more difficult to irradiate the absorber particles in a targeted manner, but since the absorber is not firmly connected to the cartridge, the absorber can be removed from the cartridge without leaving any residue, which results in particularly favorable recycling properties.
• an inventive evaporator system is preferred, the absorber being designed so that one or more of its absorption maxima for electromagnetic radiation are at a wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation source, preferably at a wavelength within 20%, preferably within of 10%, particularly preferably within 5%, lie around an intensity maximum of the emission of the radiation source.
• Corresponding evaporator systems are preferred because a particularly high level of efficiency is achieved when the absorber is very precisely matched to the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation source. In appropriate evaporator systems, energy losses can be minimized and the radiation energy used is particularly efficient via the absorber. e ciently incorporated into the composition so that particularly long operating times can be achieved.
• the absorber has channels, preferably capillary channels, and / or is a porous solid, preferably has capillary channels, so that the absorber is liquid-conductive and a passage of the liquid composition or the evaporated gaseous composition through the absorber is possible, wherein the absorber preferably comprises a membrane which only allows passage of the liquid composition into the absorber or through the absorber when a limit temperature is exceeded.
• absorbers are sintered, open-pore glass, sintered open-pore ceramics, structured components with channels produced by methods of the semiconductor industry, open-pore foams, loose granular grains in a bed which are held in a suitable liquid-permeable section.
• a corresponding absorber is particularly advantageous because it has a large surface area that can be wetted by the composition, so that the thermal energy can be transferred to the composition in a particularly efficient manner.
• Correspondingly designed absorbers can also be used as a partition between the reservoir for storing the composition and the chimney, ie the channel for the vaporized composition, with this preferred embodiment making it possible to obtain second elements that are particularly tight outside of the use in the evaporator system and are secured against the undesired leakage of the composition.
• the composition conveyed to the absorber can pass through the latter and is vaporized when the radiation source is activated, the resulting vapor being able to pass through the channels into the chimney and to the outlet opening.
• the absorber having a non-homogeneous absorption behavior along at least one spatial direction, preferably a gradient of absorption along the spatial direction that corresponds to the direction of incidence of the electromagnetic radiation on the Absorber corresponds, the gradient of the absorption preferably being generated by a concentration gradient of pigments with an absorption maximum at the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation in an absorber which is otherwise transparent or largely transparent at this wavelength.
• Corresponding evaporator systems according to the invention are preferred because they allow a particularly high degree of freedom in the design and arrangement of the components.
• a corresponding absorber can namely also be exposed to electromagnetic radiation from the side and still absorb over a large area. It is true that the radiation intensity decreases with
• a corresponding absorption gradient in the absorber also offers the option of setting a desired temperature profile, i.e. a profile of the emitted thermal energy, on the absorber, i.e. deliberately warmer (higher absorption) and colder (lower absorption) areas in the Provide irradiation.
• a suitable thermal conductivity of the absorber e.g. a lower thermal conductivity compared to the composition.
• Corresponding absorbers can be produced without great effort by a materials scientist and can be produced, for example, by soot particles or suitable doping in a glass or crystal imatrix.
• the expression “largely transparent” means in the context of the present invention that at the corresponding wavelength an absorption of less than 5%, preferably less than 2%, more preferably less than 1%, particularly preferably less than 0.5%, the maximum absorption is present.
• the radiation source being a lamp, a laser or a light-emitting diode, preferably a laser or a light-emitting diode, particularly preferably a light-emitting diode, the laser preferably being a laser diode, a fiber laser or a gas Laser is and where preferably the light-emitting diode is a semiconductor light-emitting diode (LED), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) or a chip-on-board light-emitting diode (COB-LED).
• LED semiconductor light-emitting diode
• OLED organic light-emitting diode
• COB-LED chip-on-board light-emitting diode
• Corresponding evaporator systems are preferred because the specified radiation sources have proven to be particularly efficient in practice in implementing the invention.
• the use of a light-emitting diode has proven to be particularly preferred, since it is not only particularly durable and energy-saving, but also requires comparatively little expenditure on equipment. From the inventors' point of view, it was quite surprising that the use of a light-emitting diode within the scope of the invention is sufficient to enable meaningful evaporation and that a monochromatic and high-energy laser is not necessarily required.
• an evaporator system according to the invention is preferred, the electromagnetic radiation being generated in the radiation source by induction.
• An evaporator system according to the invention is preferred, the radiation conductor being opaque to electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength which deviates by more than 50%, preferably more than 30%, particularly preferably more than 10%, from the wavelength of the maximum intensity of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation source .
• the term opaque means that a material is not transparent, or essentially not transparent.
• opaque means that the absorption at a given wavelength is more than 90%, preferably more than 98%, more preferably more than 99%, particularly preferably more than 99.5%.
• Corresponding evaporator systems are preferred because they are particularly safe against unwanted energy entry into the composition.
• Corresponding evaporator systems can be designed in such a way that essentially only the intended electromagnetic radiation provided by the radiation source reaches the absorber, and not, for example, scattered light from the environment. As a result, the energy supply into the composition can be controlled particularly reliably and the storage stability is advantageously increased.
• An evaporator system is preferred, wherein the absorber has at least one flat surface, preferably two flat surfaces, particularly preferably six flat surfaces, and wherein the radiation source, the radiation guide, any radiation former and the absorber when the first and second elements are connected are arranged with one another in such a way that the electromagnetic radiation strikes one of the flat surfaces of the absorber at an angle of incidence of less than 45 °, preferably less than 20 °, particularly preferably less than 5 °, very particularly preferably essentially perpendicular.
• the reservoir being transparent at least in one section, preferably transparent to visible light, particularly preferably transparent to electromagnetic radiation whose wavelength is within 20%, preferably within 10%, particularly preferably within 5% the maximum intensity of the emission of the radiation source is.
• Corresponding evaporator systems according to the invention are advantageous because they not only allow the user to check the fill level in the reservoir from the outside, but they also allow the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation source to be guided directly through the wall of the reservoir so that the absorber in the or relative to the radiation source behind the reservoir can be arranged, which particularly increases the flexibility in the arrangement of the elemen te.
• An inventive evaporator system comprising a first absorber and a second absorber as well as a first radiation source and a second radiation source, the first and second absorbers preferably being connected to different, separate sections of the reservoir and wherein the first and second radiation sources have their highest emission maximum preferably at different wavelengths, the absorption capacity of the two absorbers preferably at least one of the wavelengths of the highest emission maximum of the two radiation sources by more than 50%, preferably more than 70%, particularly preferably differ by more than 85%.
• the use of two or more absorbers, preferably made of different absorber materials, is already preferred in itself, as this makes it possible to either influence the intensity of the evaporation through controlled guidance of the electromagnetic radiation, namely by how many absorbers are irradiated, or a selective control of different absorbers is possible, which are in contact with different reservoirs or spatially separated sections of the same reservoir. For example, it is possible to trigger a first evaporation in a targeted manner on a first absorber in order to trigger a second evaporation on a second absorber during the cooling phase of the first absorber, so that the evaporation system has a very low latency and quasi continuously evaporated composition portions in a precise manner can provide set concentration.
• the intensity of the evaporation can be controlled by switching the additional radiation source on and off. It is also particularly favorable if the two radiation sources have different emission characteristics, ie if one or more emission maxima are at different wavelengths, since this enables different operating modes (provided the absorber has different absorption capabilities for these wavelengths). If the two absorbers have a different absorption capacity at at least one of the wavelengths of the highest emission maximum of the two radiation sources, preferably at both wavelengths of the highest emission maxima, the resulting evaporator system can be controlled particularly efficiently.
• the two absorbers can be addressed simultaneously, possibly with different strengths, or individually, and thus, for example, it can be determined from which reservoir an evaporation is to take place.
• a vaporizer system according to the invention is preferred, the vaporizer system being suitable for use in a portable vaporizing device, preferably a handheld device, preferably in an e-cigarette or an inhaler, e.g. for medical purposes, the first element preferably being designed as a reusable part and the second element is preferably designed as a one-way part, the second element preferably being a cartridge.
• the use for medical purposes includes in particular the application of drugs against respiratory diseases and painkillers.
• the two different emission maxima of the two radiation sources which are matched to the two absorbers, are preferably implemented in the form of a single two-color light-emitting diode. As a result, the installation space required for the radiation source is greatly reduced while the advantages described above are used at the same time.
• a vaporizer system according to the invention can be used for various therapies, for which either the contents of the reservoir is introduced or exchanged accordingly with a view to the therapy to be applied, or expediently an empty or filled with a first drug corresponding to a second element according to the invention Component is exchanged for another component also corresponding to a second element according to the invention.
• the medicament in the form of vapor is usually completely released into the user's (breathing) air flow used for inhalation, a number of further advantages can be realized: In particular, there are typically none remaining in the inhaler Remnants of the medicament after application because the medicament vapor, at least essentially, only recondenses in the air flow.
• the function according to the invention enables the maximum amount of medicament that can be absorbed by the patient to be released into the inhalable air stream.
• an overdosing of the medicament due to the intake of medicament which has not been removed during subsequent use of the inhaler can be avoided, which is advantageous in particular with regard to increased safety for the patient.
• An increase in the control options in the treatment of the patient can also be achieved in this way, since a more precise dosage is possible.
• the evaporator system manages without dispersants and propellants (in particular propellant gases), which can often be unfavorable or even hazardous to health, particularly in the medical environment.
• a propellant gas is to be understood in particular as a gas which has a pressure that is higher than the ambient pressure and which is used in typical conventional inhalers to atomize and accelerate the medicament to be administered.
• a compression device for generating an air or other gas flow, as well as a dead volume associated therewith in the housing of the inhaler. This makes it possible to reduce the installation space required, since only one air duct is required instead of space-consuming pressure chambers or complex spring systems for pretensioning the inhaler.
• the lower installation space requirements can, in turn, be advantageous in particular with regard to an increase in design freedom in the design of the inhaler made possible in this way (e.g. smaller, more attractive designs are possible).
• the user can transfer the drug into the lungs with his own breath, after the drug has evaporated.
• the drug Owing to the fact that no propellants are used to atomize the medicament, it is possible, when using conventional inhalers with propellants, to effectively avoid problems that patients often encounter, such as irritation of the throat or coughing.
• the vaporizer system according to the invention in particular its radiation source, is operated electrically, a high degree of dosing accuracy of the drug can be achieved due to the precise controllability of the duration of activity of the radiation source. This particularly promotes the quality of use by the fact that the vaporized amount of the drug can be adapted very well to the individual needs of the user or patient and can in particular be limited in terms of a maximum dose, which in turn increases the safety of use when using the vaporizer system or inhala tors can be used.
• the reservoir comprising one or more materials selected from the group consisting of glass, crystal, metal, ceramic, wood and plastic, the reservoir preferably having a further outer shell.
• An inventive evaporator system is preferred, the reservoir being formed by a bag, the bag being completely or partially made of silicone, rubber, latex or another suitable elastic or non-elastic material, preferably a plastic.
• the use of bags as reservoirs is particularly advantageous because they are inexpensive to manufacture and regularly only small amounts of waste arise.
• it is advantageously not necessary to provide pressure compensation in the reservoir since the bag contracts if the internal pressure remains the same.
• bags are advantageous for certain applications because they do not splinter and are therefore associated with less potential for danger.
• An evaporator system according to the invention is preferred, the preferably rigid reservoir being equipped with an element for pressure equalization.
• an evaporator system is preferred, the electrical energy source being an energy store, preferably a battery or a fuel cell, particularly preferably a lithium ion battery, in particular a lithium polymer accumulator.
• An evaporator system is preferred, the radiation source being set up to emit electromagnetic radiation with an intensity that is suitable that the part of the emitted electromagnetic radiation absorbed and converted by the absorber in 1 to 5 s, preferably in 2 to 4 seconds s, particularly preferably in 2.5 to 3.5 s, at least 3 to 9 mg, preferably 5 to 7 mg of the composition evaporate, preferably exactly a predetermined amount of the composition can evaporate.
• Corresponding vaporizer systems are preferred because extensive tests with consumers who should evaluate the vaping experience with a nicotine-containing liquid have shown that the specified amounts of vaporized composition are mostly perceived as advantageous for the sensation of vapor, especially in comparison to smoking a cigarette .
• the evaporated amount of composition in the evaporator system according to the invention can advantageously be adjusted very precisely and reliably by adjusting the power of the radiation source.
• An evaporator system is preferred, the radiation source being set up to be operated continuously and / or pulsed, preferably pulsed, preferably with pulse durations in the range from 0.2 ms to 2000 ms, preferably 1 ms to 1000 ms, more preferably 10 ms to 500 ms, very particularly preferably 10 ms to 100 ms.
• the pulse duration in the range from 0.5 to 20 ms, preferably 1 to 10 ms.
• the pulse duration is preferably selected as a function of the thermal time constant of the absorber.
• the thermal time constant describes the absorber-specific time in which the heat energy emitted by the absorber energy has dropped to 50% of the previously absorbed energy.
• Our own series of tests has shown that pulsed operation of the radiation sources regularly ensures better energy input into the absorber and thus indirectly enables better energy input into the composition. Without wishing to be bound by this theory, this is attributed to the fact that the absorber has a certain amount of time between the pulses to strive towards equilibrium.
• the radiation source can preferably be operated continuously during a switch-on period and in a pulsed manner during a period following the switch-on period.
• the switch-on duration preferably has a duration of 1 ms to 1000 ms, preferably 10 ms to 1000 ms, more preferably 100 ms to 1000 ms.
• An evaporator system is preferred, the radiation source being set up to function as a radiation sensor, in particular as an infrared sensor, in a second operating mode.
• the radiation source being set up to function as a radiation sensor, in particular as an infrared sensor, in a second operating mode.
• Corresponding evaporator systems are particularly advantageous because they can also be used to detect radiation without the addition of a wider component and with only minimal changes in the control of the radiation source used to introduce energy into the absorber. This can be used, for example, to make a statement about the temperature of the components in the first element by detecting infrared radiation.
• An evaporator system according to the invention is preferred, the evaporator system comprising at least two radiation sources which can preferably be controlled separately and independently of one another.
• Evaporator systems according to the invention with a radiation source for monochromic electromagnetic radiation can be set particularly precisely and allow the absorber to be matched very precisely to the specific wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation.
• a radiation source for monochromic electromagnetic radiation can be set particularly precisely and allow the absorber to be matched very precisely to the specific wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation.
• Such mostly laser-based evaporator systems are, in view of the often complicated apparatus requirements and the susceptibility to vibrations and contamination, currently primarily of interest for stationary evaporator systems in which the first element can be designed to be more stable and also vibrate. can safely accommodate heat-sensitive components. Even if it is in principle conceivable for mobile applications to generate a quasi-monochromatic electromagnetic radiation through the use of filters, this can still be accompanied by undesirable losses in efficiency. It is therefore particularly advantageous to use radiation sources that are not inherently monochromatic, but inherently have a low spectral bandwidth. In practice, however, it has been shown that, from a cost-benefit point of view, it is often not advisable to invest
• an inventive evaporator system is preferred, the electromagnetic radiation being monochromatic or having at least 90% of the intensity in a wavelength range of + - 20%, preferably + - 10%, particularly preferably + - 5%, around the maximum intensity, very particularly preferably around the intensity maximum has a spectral bandwidth at 50% of the maximum intensity of 5 to 70 nm, preferably 10 to 50 nm, particularly preferably 15 to 30 nm.
• an inventive evaporator system is preferred, the electromagnetic radiation having the highest intensity maximum in the wavelength range between 10 cm and 120 nm, preferably between 1 cm and 200 nm, particularly preferably between 1 mm and 280 nm, very particularly preferably between 50 pm and 380 nm, particularly preferably between 500 nm and 350nm.
• the invention is also so advantageous because the underlying concept can in principle be used for a wide range of electromagnetic radiation. From the point of view of everyday practicality, especially from the point of view of safety, it is clear why the use of radiation in the range specified above, in particular between infrared and UV, is particularly preferred.
• An evaporator system is preferred, the absorber being set up to absorb at least 50% of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation source, preferably at least 75%, particularly preferably agrees to absorb at least 90% and to convert at least 20%, preferably at least 50%, particularly preferably at least 75%, very particularly preferably at least 90% into thermal energy and / or at least 20%, preferably at least 50% %, particularly preferably at least 75%, very particularly preferably at least 90%, as electromagnetic radiation with an increased wavelength compared to the absorbed electromagnetic radiation, with the proviso that never more than 100% of the absorbed electromagnetic radiation is converted.
• Corresponding evaporator systems are preferred because they minimize losses due to inadequate absorption, the absorber being set up accordingly by choosing a suitable material or suitable coating, as well as a suitable geometry and surface structure, which should in particular be matched to the arrangement in relation to the radiation source can.
• the person skilled in the art can also control through the choice of material whether the majority of the radiation goes into thermal energy or into emitted electromagnetic radiation of increased wavelength.
• An evaporator system according to the invention is preferred, the absorption properties of the absorber being generated and / or modified by a coating.
• Corresponding evaporator systems are particularly preferred because our own experiments have shown that the absorption properties of the absorber can be controlled in a targeted manner by choosing a suitable coating.
• an absorber within the meaning of the present invention can be generated from them at least in sections.
• Suitable coatings are matched to the radiation source by the choice of suitable dyes.
• Suitable pigments for a corresponding coating are, for example, Vantablack, a material based on carbon nanotubes, or pigments such as Mars Black (an iron oxide pigment), carbon black, charcoal, core black, slate black or Frankfurt black.
• the surface of the components provided as absorbers can also be selectively increased in their absorption through a suitable surface treatment. by chemical etching of a nickel-phosphorus alloy, the resulting surface being known as super black.
• the absorber having a structured surface with an average surface roughness Ra in the range from 0.2 pm to 1 mm, preferably 1 pm to 500 pm, preferably in the range from 2 pm to 100 pm, so that the wettability of the absorber and / or the absorption capacity of the absorber in relation to the absorbed electromagnetic radiation is changed, in particular improved.
• the absorber having a membrane which can be set into mechanical vibration by interaction with the electromagnetic radiation and is therefore suitable for atomizing the liquid composition.
• the absorber at least in sections having a high thermal conductivity of more than 0.3 W / (m * K), preferably more than 20 W / (m * K), more preferably more than 100
• the absorber preferably also having a low thermal conductivity of less than 10 W / (m * K), preferably less than 5 W / (m * K), more preferably less than 0.5 W, in sections / (m * K), very preferably less than 0.3 W / (m * K).
• a high thermal conductivity leads to a preheating of the composition adjacent to the absorber.
• the viscosity of the composition can advantageously be influenced, preferably to reduce the viscosity.
• a low thermal conductivity of the absorber leads to an optimized local energy input.
• An evaporator system according to the invention is preferred, wherein the absorber is arranged in the reservoir, preferably at the bottom of the reservoir, embedded in the ground, on a wall of the reservoir and / or embedded in a wall, the absorber preferably being firmly enclosed by an area of the reservoir .
• An evaporator system according to the invention is preferred, the absorber forming part of the outer shell of the reservoir.
• an evaporator system is preferred, the absorber having a low thermal capacity, particularly preferably a lower thermal capacity than the average thermal capacity of the materials used in the reservoir, particularly preferably the materials which are in contact with the absorber.
• the absorber having a low thermal capacity, particularly preferably a lower thermal capacity than the average thermal capacity of the materials used in the reservoir, particularly preferably the materials which are in contact with the absorber.
• Corresponding evaporator systems according to the invention are preferred because an absorber with a low thermal capacity can react particularly quickly to temperature changes, since the absorber has what is known as a low thermal mass.
• Corresponding evaporation systems are accordingly less sluggish than comparable systems and are available again in their original state more quickly after a completed evaporation interval.
• An evaporator system is preferred, the absorber being connected to an additional heat conductor which is set up to conduct the thermal energy from the absorber to an evaporation area in which the composition can be evaporated, the heat conductor preferably being metal, semiconductor, glass ceramic , Plastic or heat pipes, the heat conductor preferably having a thermal conductivity of more than 0.3 W / (m * K), preferably more than 20 W / (m * K), more preferably more than 100
• the thermal energy in the absorber may be spatially separate from the evaporation of the composition.
• Corresponding evaporator systems are accordingly preferred because they allow even greater flexibility with regard to the arrangement of the components used in the evaporator system.
• An evaporator system according to the invention is preferred, the evaporator system comprising at least two separate absorbers, the two absorbers preferably being in contact with two sections of the reservoir that are separated from one another.
• composition being solid or liquid, preferably liquid, the composition preferably being a solution, preferably an aqueous solution, an oil, a gel, a powder or a paste.
• the radiation conduction in the radiation conductor being based on total and / or partial reflection.
• the radiation conductor can have a material which guides the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation source according to the principle of reflection on the electromagnetic radiation at the interfaces of the radiation conductor. Such materials are known to those skilled in the art in connection with optical waveguide through glass fibers.
• the radiation conductor can, for example, comprise a glass, e.g. in the form of glass fibers, or a plastic, e.g. PMMA or polycarbonate, which is suitable for the purpose of conducting radiation with respect to electromagnetic radiation.
• the radiation conductor can have both a pure light-guiding effect and an effect influencing the electromagnetic radiation, in which case it also acts as a beam former.
• An evaporator system according to the invention is preferred, the radiation conductor being transparent in at least one direction for at least part of the radiation emitted by the radiation source, preferably for radiation with the wavelength at the maximum intensity.
• An evaporator system according to the invention is preferred, the radiation conductor comprising evacuated sections.
• the radiation conductor comprising one or more radiation-guiding materials which are selected from the group consisting of solids, liquids and gases, preferably selected from the group consisting of glasses, plastics, Mineral materials, organic liquids, air and aerosols, and are particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of doped and non-doped quartz glasses, synthetic resin, polyethylene, polyurethane, polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polycyclohexylene dimethylene terephthalate, mineral crystals, sapphires, rock crystals, diamond , Ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin and air.
• the radiation conductor comprising one or more radiation-guiding materials which are selected from the group consisting of solids, liquids and gases, preferably selected from the group consisting of glasses, plastics, Mineral materials, organic liquids, air and aerosols, and are particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of doped and non-doped quartz glasses, synthetic resin, polyethylene, polyurethane, polyethylene tere
• the radiation conductor comprising lenses, in particular concave and / or convex lenses, and / or fully reflecting or partially reflecting mirrors, in particular concave and / or convex mirrors, and / or optical resonators and / or prisms to adapt the radiation line -like and / or segmented into different conductive areas.
• the radiation conductor at least partially cuboid, spherical, ring-shaped, toroidal, disc-shaped, U-disk-shaped, strip-shaped, cube-shaped, strand-shaped, strand-shaped thickening, strand-shaped tapering, curved, curved, asymmetrical and / or symmetrical is executed.
• An evaporator system according to the invention is preferred, the radiation conductor being arranged at least in sections in a ring or semicircle around the absorber.
• Corresponding evaporator systems according to the invention are preferred because an at least partially ring-shaped arrangement of the radiation conductor around the absorber leads to a particularly large-area irradiation of the absorber, which results in a particularly efficient use of the surface available from the absorber, and thus in proportion to the mass of the absorber causes a particularly high absorption and thus the generation of ther mix energy and / or electromagnetic radiation with an increased wavelength compared to the absorbed electromagnetic radiation.
• An evaporator system according to the invention is preferred, wherein the radiation guide is controlled produced or statistically produced channels, preferably capillary Channels, which lead through the radiation conductor and / or porous sections from.
• An evaporator system according to the invention is preferred, wherein the radiation conductor has areas with a higher or lower degree of order, which at least in sections have different physical properties than the rest of the radiation conductor, and / or wherein the radiation conductor is preferably partially opaque.
• an inventive evaporator system additionally comprising a capillary or porous material, which is arranged between the reservoir and the absorber in such a way that the transport of a liquid composition from the reservoir to the absorber is made possible by capillary forces, preferably at least one side of the absorber is completely covered by the capillary or porous material.
• the capillary or porous material can be a wick of the kind used in wick-coil systems.
• Corresponding evaporator systems according to the invention are preferred because the transport of the liquid composition from the reservoir to the absorber is promoted by the capillary or porous material.
• the corresponding porous material soaks up the composition and makes it available in the vicinity of the absorber so that it can be evaporated there. This not only prevents or at least slows down the uncontrolled flow of the composition to the absorber or through it (or even past it) out of the cartridge, but it is also ensured, regardless of the orientation of the evaporator system and the fill level in the reservoir, that there is always enough composition in the vicinity of the absorber to ensure sufficient evaporation and thus also to prevent or reduce the occurrence of the Leidenfrost effect on the absorber.
• An inventive evaporator system additionally comprising one or more sensor units, is preferred, the one or more sensor units being selected from the group consisting of radiation sensors, in particular Infrared sensors, temperature sensors, pressure sensors, flow sensors, current measuring devices, voltage measuring devices, position sensors, mass flow sensors, volume flow sensors, level sensors for determining the level in the tank, optical sensors, chemical sensors, chemical analysis devices.
• radiation sensors in particular Infrared sensors, temperature sensors, pressure sensors, flow sensors, current measuring devices, voltage measuring devices, position sensors, mass flow sensors, volume flow sensors, level sensors for determining the level in the tank, optical sensors, chemical sensors, chemical analysis devices.
• Corresponding evaporator systems according to the invention are preferred because they make it possible to obtain comprehensive information about the evaporator system, even during operation. This enables particularly precise monitoring of the system and thus enables, for example, upcoming or already occurring errors to be recognized at an early stage.
• suitable sensors for example pressure sensors and flow sensors, it can also be ensured, especially in medical applications, that the patient has actually ingested the intended amount of inhalant, i.e. the vaporized composition.
• Temperature sensors or chemical sensors can also be used to determine whether the operating conditions of the evaporator system may have led to the formation of undesirable, harmful substances or whether this can at least be assumed based on the measured temperature.
• the one or more sensor units are preferably linked to an emergency stop device which prevents operation from continuing in the event that certain measured values are exceeded.
• An inventive evaporator system additionally comprising a supplementary tank for receiving clean air, is preferred, the supplementary tank preferably being a pressure vessel.
• Corresponding evaporator systems according to the invention are very particularly preferred for medical applications.
• the deep inhalation of the vaporized composition which is often desirable and necessary with a view to the adequate application of the active ingredient, can in principle expose the patient to an increased risk, since of course other, potentially undesirable, constituents with the inhaled air particularly deep into the Lungs.
• the air quality especially with regard to smog and fine dust pollution, is so bad in some cases that it is difficult for a patient with respiratory diseases. genes can be potentially unhealthy to inhale so deeply.
• the preferred evaporator system can provide controlled, clean fresh air from a supplementary tank, thereby circumventing these problems.
• the evaporator system according to the invention has a supply air inlet on which an air filter is arranged, which is set up, for example, to filter out pollen or fine dust. Accordingly, an evaporator system according to the invention is preferred, additionally comprising an air filter, the air filter preferably being arranged at the supply air inlet.
• An inventive evaporator system additionally comprising an outlet opening and a chimney connected to this outlet opening, is preferred, the chimney being arranged in such a way that the evaporated composition can pass from the absorber to the outlet opening, the chimney preferably being connected to an air inlet through which air passes the chimney can reach the outlet opening so that it serves as a carrier medium for the vaporized composition, the chimney preferably being surrounded coaxially by the reservoir and preferably being formed by the walls of the reservoir, or wherein the chimney is at least partially formed by the absorber or wherein the vent is formed between the first and the second element.
• An evaporator system according to the invention additionally comprising a printed circuit board and a control device for the radiation source, is preferred.
• An evaporator system according to the invention additionally comprising a beam shaper, which is suitable for deflecting, reflecting, scattering or focusing the electromagnetic radiation, is preferred.
• a radiation shaper are optical filters, lenses, mirrors and can be found further below in connection with the design of the radiation guide.
• Corresponding evaporation Remote systems are preferred because the use of beam formers for deflecting, reflecting, scattering or bundling the electromagnetic radiation increases the flexibility in the arrangement of the first and second elements relative to one another as well as the components in the respective elements.
• An evaporator system according to the invention is preferred, the absorber being arranged in the evaporator system in such a way that the composition received in the reservoir is in contact with the absorber or can come into contact with it.
• An evaporator system can preferably have an output quantity control device.
• This can in particular be a counting device, in particular a counting device for counting doses of the composition that have evaporated in a defined observation period (for example in the period since the last initialization or resetting of the counting device).
• the doses to be counted here can in particular be (i) a number of evaporated fillings of the reservoir or of different reservoirs, or (ii) a number of bursts of steam or predetermined steam units emitted by the evaporator system in the period under consideration.
• the output quantity of the vaporized substance can be recorded and thus a simple and reliable monitoring of the dosage can be implemented.
• the invention also relates to a cartridge for an evaporator system according to the invention for evaporating a composition, comprising: at least one reservoir for receiving the composition, and at least one absorber which is set up to at least partially absorb electromagnetic radiation emitted by an external radiation source and to convert this at least partially into thermal energy and / or to emit this at least partially as electromagnetic radiation with a longer wavelength than the absorbed electromagnetic radiation,
• the absorber is a three-dimensional body whose expansion in two spatial directions is greater than or at least equal to the expansion in the third spatial direction, preferably a plate with any base area, in particular a disk, or a cuboid, the absorber preferably being at least one plane or has a curved surface, preferably at least two, particularly preferably at least four flat surfaces, the absorber being arranged in the cartridge in such a way
• Corresponding cartridges according to the invention are suitable for an evaporator system according to the invention and have the absorber identified above as particularly advantageous, which is arranged in the cartridge in such a way that it can be exposed to electromagnetic radiation from outside the cartridge.
• the advantages of corresponding cartridges according to the invention emerge from the above explanations.
• the cartridge according to the invention is preferably designed in such a way that it cannot be refilled and / or recycled without processing.
• the invention relates to a portable evaporation device comprising an evaporation system according to the invention for evaporating a composition or a cartridge according to the invention. see, wherein the first element and the second element are reversibly and non-destructively releasably connected to one another.
• the invention also relates to an absorber for an evaporator system according to the invention for evaporating a composition, the absorber being designed to at least partially absorb the electromagnetic radiation emitted by a radiation source and to convert this at least partially into thermal energy and / or this to emit at least partially as electromagnetic radiation with an increased wavelength compared to the absorbed electromagnetic radiation, the absorber being a three-dimensional body whose extension in two spatial directions is greater than or at least equal to the extension in the third spatial direction, preferably a plate with any base area, in particular a disk or a cuboid, the absorber preferably having at least one flat or curved surface, preferably at least two, particularly preferably at least four flat surfaces, the absorber via channels, preferably capillary channels, and / or a porous solid body, so that a passage of the liquid composition through the absorber is possible.
• absorbers according to the invention with a corresponding structure have not only proven to be particularly efficient in terms of evaporation, but are particularly advantageous for use in fiction, contemporary evaporator systems, since they can not only function as an absorber, but also the composition inside the Reservoirs can close off from the outside world, so that it can only penetrate through the absorber from the second element when it is acted upon with electromagnetic radiation is heated so that the evaporating composition emerges.
• the invention also relates to a composition for an evaporator system according to the invention, comprising at least one active substance component, at least one first carrier substance boiling higher than the active substance component and at least one second carrier substance boiling lower than the active substance component, the composition comprising at least one additive, which increases the absorption capacity of the composition for electromagnetic radiation at a wavelength in the range from 50pm to 700nm and / or wherein the composition comprises at least one type of particle, either as a mixture or dispersion, which is suitable as an absorber material emitted by a radiation source to absorb electromagnetic radiation at least partially and to convert this at least partially into thermal energy and / or this at least partially as electromagnetic radiation with increased compared to the absorbed electromagnetic radiation emit wavelength.
• compositions according to the invention are preferred because the inventors' extensive tests have shown that the evaporation behavior of a composition is particularly advantageous if, in addition to the active ingredient component that has a certain boiling point, at least two carrier substances are present, whose boiling point is higher and on the other hand is lower than that of the active ingredient component. This achieves an evaporation temperature of the composition that is optimal for the active ingredient, while the higher-boiling component prevents the system from drying out before the remaining active ingredient is evaporated.
• the composition can in particular comprise at least one active ingredient component, at least one first carrier substance boiling higher than the active ingredient component and at least one second carrier substance boiling lower than the active ingredient component, the active ingredient component preferably comprising nicotine, tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol or substances of the corresponding substance classes and the composition preferably also one or more Solvent includes selected from the group consisting of 1,2-propanediol, glycerin and water.
• composition according to the invention is specifically tailored to the vaporizer system according to the invention and the method according to the invention and can in particular comprise a dye which increases the absorption capacity of the composition in the wavelength range in which the absorber usually emits the electromagnetic radiation shifted to larger wavelengths.
• a composition according to the invention can be evaporated particularly efficiently by the absorber, since the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the absorber is absorbed particularly efficiently.
• the composition according to the invention can comprise, as a mixture or dispersion, particles which, as the sole or additional absorber, can take over the function of the absorber in the evaporator system according to the invention.
• a corresponding composition not only has advantages in terms of efficient evaporation, but also makes it possible to remove the absorber from the second element without leaving any residue after use, for example by rinsing out the residues of the composition.
• composition according to the invention for use in the treatment of respiratory diseases or the treatment of pain is preferred, the composition preferably being vaporized by the interaction of the composition with electromagnetic radiation and inhaled by the patient.
• the invention further relates to a spatial juxtaposition, in particular a kit, of several components of an evaporator system according to the invention or an evaporation device according to the invention, comprising:
• the first and the second elements being reversibly and non-destructively releasably connectable to one another and with a radiation conductor in the first and / or second element it is arranged that when the first and the second element are connected to one another, a radiation-conducting connection is formed between the radiation source and the absorber.
• the spatial juxtaposition of the listed components according to the invention is preferred because evaporator systems according to the invention and evaporation devices according to the invention can be stored and transported in this form in a substantially safe manner and are therefore more suitable for sale. Storage and sale in an assembled state always involves the residual risk that the evaporator system will be activated unintentionally, which can be ruled out for the spatial juxtaposition of the components.
• the spatial juxtaposition contains several second elements that are available to the user as exchangeable cartridges as soon as the initial cartridge is empty.
• the second elements contained include different compositions, for example liquids with different flavors or compositions with different medical active ingredients.
• spatial juxtaposition is preferred, in addition to a charger for the electrical energy source, and / or additionally comprising an instruction manual, and / or additionally comprising a refill device for filling the composition into a second element, and / or a container comprising the composition, and / or a data carrier comprising a computer program product which, when executed on a data processing device, causes it to do so to perform a method of controlling or adjusting an evaporator system.
• the invention also relates to a method for evaporating a composition in an evaporator system, comprising the steps: a) providing a first element comprising at least one radiation source connected to an electrical energy source, which is set up to emit electromagnetic radiation, b) Providing a second element comprising at least one reservoir for receiving the composition and at least one absorber which is set up to at least partially absorb the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation source and to convert this at least partially into thermal energy and / or at least partially as to emit electromagnetic radiation with an increased wavelength compared to the absorbed electromagnetic radiation, c) connecting the first element to the second element, so that a radiation-conducting connection between the Radiation source and the absorber is formed, d) Activation of the radiation source and thereby evaporation of the composition by the thermal energy obtained by the absorber by conversion from the electromagnetic radiation and / or by the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the absorber with a wavelength greater than that of the absorber.
• the method according to the invention is advantageous because it enables the controlled and safe evaporation of a composition, and that in an evaporation system which can be operated with high operational reliability.
• the process is particularly simple and can also be carried out by a user with little technical affinity without specific instruction.
• the evaporation in the method according to the invention is also particularly controlled, since the activation of the radiation source enables a particularly precise introduction of energy into the composition via the absorber.
• the method according to the invention preferably comprises, after step d), step d1), which is the inhalation of the vaporized composition, preferably a nicotin-containing composition.
• a method according to the invention is preferred, additionally comprising after step d) the step: e) releasing the first and second elements connected to one another, and one or more of the following steps: f1) providing a further second element and connecting the further second element to the first element for vaporizing the composition, f2) refilling of the reservoir in the second element to produce a filled second element and connecting the filled second element to the first element for vaporizing the filled composition, or f3) recycling of the second element.
• a corresponding method is preferred because it is particularly resource-saving and at the same time a particularly long-lasting, only briefly allows broken inhalation. If the need arises, a consumed cartridge can be exchanged directly for an unused cartridge and the evaporator system can be used again in the method according to the invention. Additionally or alternatively, the reservoir can be filled up with the used second element. This reduces the need for additional cartridges, but is regularly felt to be disadvantageous in terms of operational safety. It is particularly advantageous to recycle the used cartridge.
• a method according to the invention is therefore preferred, additionally comprising the step: h) cleaning the reservoir in the second element, the absorber preferably being removed,
• Corresponding methods are particularly advantageous because the previous cleaning of the reservoir in the second element removes residues of foreign components, for example particles of the absorber material, and thus prepares the second element for later recycling.
• a radiation source an absorber, preferably an absorber according to the invention, or a composition, preferably a composition according to the invention, in an evaporation system according to the invention is also disclosed.
• an evaporator system comprising a non-transparent composition whose one or more absorption maxima are at a wavelength that is emitted by the radiation source, preferably at a wavelength that is within 20%, preferably within of 10%, particularly preferably within 5% of the intensity maximum of the emission of the radiation source, so that the absorber is formed by the composition, the composition preferably comprising a dye.
• FIG. 1 a schematic flow diagram of the energy and mass transport between the components of an evaporator system according to the invention
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic flow diagram of the energy and mass transport between the components of an inventive evaporator system with visualization of the first and second elements
• FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross section through an exemplary evaporator system according to the invention
• 4a-4c three schematic representations (4a, 4b, 4c) of exemplary relative arrangements of a radiation source and an absorber to one another; 5a-5c three schematic cross-sectional views (5a, 5b, 5c) of exemplary relative arrangements of a radiation source and an absorber to one another in a section of an evaporator system according to the invention;
• FIG. 6 shows a schematic cross-sectional illustration of a preferred evaporator system according to the invention
• FIG. 7 shows a detail of a schematic cross-sectional illustration of a preferred evaporator system according to the invention
• 8 shows a detail of a schematic cross-sectional illustration of a preferred evaporator system according to the invention with enlargement of the connection area between the first and the second element
• 9 shows a detail of a schematic cross-sectional illustration of a preferred evaporator system according to the invention
• FIG. 10 shows a detail of a schematic cross-sectional illustration of a preferred evaporator system according to the invention
• FIG. 11 shows a detail of a schematic cross-sectional illustration of a preferred evaporator system according to the invention
• FIG. 12 shows a detail of a schematic cross-sectional illustration of a preferred evaporator system according to the invention with enlargement of the connection area between the first and the second element; 13 shows a schematic cross-sectional illustration of a preferred evaporator system according to the invention;
• FIG. 14 shows a schematic cross-sectional illustration of a preferred evaporator system according to the invention.
• FIG. 15 shows a schematic cross-sectional illustration of a preferred evaporator system according to the invention.
• FIG. 16 shows a schematic cross-sectional illustration of a preferred evaporator system according to the invention
• FIG. 17 is a schematic flow diagram of the method according to the invention.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic flow diagram of the energy and mass transport between the components of an evaporator system 10 according to the invention. This diagram illustrates the mode of operation of the evaporator system according to the invention.
• the radiation source 18 emits electromagnetic radiation 20 that strikes the absorber 26 through the radiation conductor 30, which is set up to at least partially absorb the electromagnetic radiation 20 emitted by the radiation source 18 and at least partially convert it into thermal energy 28 and / or this to emit at least partially as electromagnetic radiation 21 with compared to the absorbed electromagnetic radiation 20 he increased wavelength.
• the absorber 26 is arranged, for example, in the reservoir 24, which is suitable for receiving the composition 12.
• the thermal energy 28 is supplied to the composition 12 directly or indirectly via a suitable heat conductor 52, with the electromagnetic radiation 21 also contributing to the energy input into the composition with an increased wavelength compared to the absorbed electromagnetic radiation 20.
• the composition 12 is converted into the gas phase in order to generate steam 54 which can then reach the user via an outlet opening 56.
• the composition 12 is correspondingly evaporated by the thermal energy 28 obtained by the absorber 26 by conversion from the electromagnetic radiation 20 and / or the electromagnetic radiation 21 emitted by the absorber 26 with a wavelength greater than the absorbered electromagnetic radiation 20.
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of an evaporator system according to the invention, which is very similar to the illustration in FIG. In Figure 2, however, the first element 14, which is designed as a reusable part 48, and the second element 22, which is designed as a disposable part 50, as well as an electrical energy source arranged in the first element 14 and connected to the radiation source 18 are also shown 16 registered. Accordingly, it can be seen that the first element 14 comprises a radiation source 18 which is connected to an electrical energy source 16 and is set up to emit electromagnetic radiation 20.
• the second element 22 comprises a reservoir 24 for receiving the composition 12 and the absorber 26.
• the radiation conductor 30 is arranged between the first element 14 and the second element 22, whereby the radiation conductor can be designed in two parts, for example as two transparent glass panes, each of which is arranged in one of the elements and together form the radiation conductor 30. It can be seen that the radiation conductor 30 is arranged such that when the first element 14 and the second element 22 are connected to one another, a radiation-conducting connection is formed between the radiation source 18 and the absorber 26.
• FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross section through an exemplary vaporizer system 10 according to the invention, which is designed as a portable vaporization device 46, for example as an electronic cigarette, which also contains the composition 12 as a so-called liquid.
• the vaporizer system comprises a first element 14, which is designed as a reusable part 48, comprising a radiation source 18 which is connected to an electrical energy source 16 via a control device 58 and is set up to emit electromagnetic radiation 20.
• the evaporator system comprises a second element 22, which is designed as a disposable part 50, comprising a reservoir 24 with the composition 12 and an absorber 26, which is set up to at least partially absorb the electromagnetic radiation 20 emitted by the radiation source 18 and at least partially partially convert it into thermal energy 28 and / or at least partially emit it as electromagnetic radiation 21 with an increased wavelength compared to the absorbed electromagnetic radiation 20.
• the first element 14 and the second element 22 can be connected to one another in a reversible and non-destructive releasable manner, wherein in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 they are reversibly and non-destructively releasably connected to one another, for example by a screw system (not shown).
• the radiation conductor 30 is arranged in FIG. 3 in the first element 22 in such a way that a radiation-conducting connection is formed between the radiation source 18 and the absorber 26.
• the evaporator system 10 or the portable evaporation device 46 is set up to convert the composition 12 through the thermal energy 28 obtained by the absorber 26 through conversion from the electromagnetic radiation 20 and / or the electrical energy emitted by the absorber 26.
• To evaporate romagnetic radiation 21 with compared to the absorbed electromagnetic radiation's 20 increased wavelength.
• the radiation source 18 is controlled or regulated by a control device 58.
• the evaporation takes place in an evaporation region 60, from which the steam reaches the outlet opening.
• An inlet for supply air, which mixes with the steam in the evaporation region 60, is not shown.
• the radiation source 18 is controlled by the control device 58 in such a way that the portion of the emitted electromagnetic radiation 20 absorbed and converted by the absorber 26 is sufficient to vaporize a defined amount, for example 6 mg, of the composition 12 in 3 s.
• the radiation source 18 is an LED in SMT (surface-mounted technology) design with a maximum emission between 444 and 465 nm, with a typical value of 459 nm and a spectral bandwidth of 27 nm.
• An evaporator system according to the invention is preferred, the radiation source being set up to be operated continuously or in a pulsed manner; pulsed operation is preferred.
• composition 12 is a liquid comprising nicotine as an active ingredient component and 1,2-propanediol, glycerol and water.
• Composition 12 shows almost no absorption at the wavelength from 444 to 465 nm.
• the reservoir 24 consists of plastic, although other materials can also be used.
• the radiation conductor 30 is a quaderförmi ger block of quartz glass, which is transparent in all spatial directions for the electromagnetic radiation 20 emitted by the radiation source 18, whereby other radiation conductors 30 can of course also be used.
• the absorber 26 is a porous three-dimensional body, namely as a plate with 6 flat surfaces, designed copper body, which has been provided with a black coating and the electromagnetic radiation 20 with a wavelength of 459 nm absorbed.
• the absorber 26 can also be used.
• the electrical energy store 16 is a lithium ion battery with a capacity of 650 mAh and a maximum discharge current of 6.5 A, but other electrical energy stores 16 can also be used.
• Figures 4a to 4c show in three schematic representations exemplary relative arrangements of a radiation source 18 and an absorber 26 to one another.
• the radiation source 18 directs the electromagnetic radiation 20 through a section of the reservoir 40, ie the transparent outer wall, and the composition 12 in such a way that the radiation is perpendicular, in the Y direction, onto the absorber 26 occurs, which has a surface provided with channels 34 on an irradiated upper surface through which the composition 12 can be drawn into the absorber 26 by capillary action.
• the absorber 26 has the greatest absorption capacity in the area that faces away from the radiation source 18. The evaporation of the composition 12 and thus the formation of the vapor 54 thus takes place on the side facing away from the radiation source 18. This form of orthogonal irradiation of the absorber 26 has proven particularly useful with regard to the efficient use of energy.
• FIG. 4b shows a structure comparable to FIG. 4a, the electromagnetic radiation 20 being irradiated this time along the X direction so that it strikes the narrower side of the absorber 26.
• the absorber 26 has a gradient of absorption along the X direction, which is created by a concentration gradient of, in this example black, pigments 36 with an absorption maximum at the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation 20 in the in this example as an absorber acting silicate glass matrix is generated.
• FIG. 4c shows an arrangement in which the electromagnetic radiation 20 strikes the absorber 26 at an angle of incidence of approximately 45 °, with these coming together less efficient arrangement always proven when more than one from sorber 26 are to be used, which are to be activated by the same radiation source.
• Figures 5a to 5c show details of a schematically different relative arrangements of the radiation source 18 and the absorber 26 in an inventive evaporator system 10, as they can be realized structurally by way of example.
• the first element 14 and the second element 22 are connected to one another in a reversible and non-destructive releasable manner by fastening means (not shown), so that a radiation-conducting connection is formed between the radiation source 18 and the absorber 26, through the radiation conductor 30 runs, the radiation conductor 30 being designed as a section of the reservoir 40 in FIG. 5b.
• the liquid composition 12 arrives at the absorber 26 and through the channels 34 arranged on this absorber 26, which in these examples are included in the absorber 26, but can also be designed as a porous wick, for example, by means of capillary forces to the absorbent part of the Absorber 26 (shown dark) transported.
• the composition 12 is evaporated, so that vapor 54 is formed which is guided to the outlet opening 56 and to the mouthpiece 76 (both not shown) together with air, which is provided by an air supply line 74.
• electromagnetic radiation 20 is applied to the absorber 26 from above and from below, i.e. once frontally onto the absorbing part of the absorber 26 and once onto the channels 34.
• FIG. 5c the irradiation takes place as before discussed for FIG. 4b, from the side, a gradient of the absorption again being generated by a concentration gradient of pigments 36, this gradient being shown schematically in FIG. 5c.
• the pigment density is plotted purely qualitatively on the y-axis, which can represent an indicator for the maximum absorption, whereas the x-axis depicts the location in the absorber 26 and the distance from the radiation source.
• the schematic representation in FIG. 5c thus shows, by way of example, a linear increase in the pigment concentration with increasing distance from the radiation source 18.
• one is Decrease in transparency in the absorbing part of the absorber 26 is shown with increasing distance from the radiation source along the steam direction.
• the gradient shown is a purely qualitative representation which, for the sake of clarity, does not take into account the channels 34 in the absorber 26 in which the pigment density is of course actually zero. In practice, such absorbers 26 have also shown the best properties, which show a non-linear increase in the particle concentration along the x-axis.
• FIG. 6 shows an evaporator system 10 according to the invention, in which the arrangement shown in FIG. 5c is installed.
• the assembly known from FIG. 5c establishes the connection between a reservoir 24 and the composition 12 contained therein as well as the chimney 64, which guides the generated steam 54 to the outlet opening.
• the chimney 64 has a round cross section and is arranged coaxially with the reservoir 24, which is also round.
• the second element 22 or the disposable part 50, which is reversibly and non-destructively detachable connected to the first element 14, or the reusable part 48, which houses the electrical power source 16, the control device 58 and the radiation source 18, whereby the latter irradiates the absorber 26 provided with the absorption gradient laterally through a section of the reservoir 40 that is transparent to the electromagnetic radiation 20.
• FIG. 7 shows a section of a preferred embodiment of the evaporator system 10 according to the invention in cross section, in which the first element 14 and the second element 22 are connected to one another by a form-fitting piercing connection.
• the illustrated evaporator system 10 is rotationally symmetrical and has a round cross section.
• the radiation conductor 30, in which the radiation conduction is based on total or partial reflection, is accordingly arranged in a ring around the absorber 26 and thus ensures continuous irradiation of the absorber 26.
• the disc-shaped absorber 26, which is filled with a wick 66, is provided with channels 34 has, starting from the edge of the pane irradiated by means of the radiation guide 30 to the center of the pane, a radial, inwardly increasing absorption gradient, which is caused, for example, by color particles in an otherwise transparent crystal matrix is formed and thereby, despite the indirect, lateral irradiation of the absorber 26, a uniform temperature profile is generated.
• Figure 8 shows a detail of a preferred embodiment of the fiction, contemporary evaporator system 10 in cross section, which is a constructive modification of Figure 7, in which the absorber 26 is formed in this case as a porous solid ring made of wick material and also as a Wick 66 is used.
• the electromagnetic radiation 20 passed over the radiation conductor 30 is spread by scattering over the beam shaper 38 as an extension of the radiation conductor 30, so that the entire outer surface of the absorber 26 is acted upon.
• FIG. 9 shows a detail of a preferred embodiment of the evaporator system 10 according to the invention in cross section, the individual components which are arranged in this rotationally symmetrical evaporator system 10 having already been described above.
• the annular, disk-like absorber 26 is designed as a porous absorber 26 provided with channels 34, which is formed by the lower base of the reservoir 24. Both the reservoir 24 and the absorber 26 surround the chimney, which is arranged coaxially to the reservoir 24 and the absorber 26.
• the composition 12 enters the absorber from the reservoir 24 through the channels 34 and is evaporated there as a result of the interaction of the absorber 26 with the electromagnetic radiation 20 as described above.
• the steam is carried along by the supply air 68 and leaves the evaporator system 10 via the chimney 64, e.g. in the direction of a user.
• FIG. 10 The detail of a preferred embodiment of the evaporator system 10 according to the invention shown in cross section in FIG. 10 differs from the illustration in FIG. 9 essentially in that a hollow cone-shaped absorber 26 is used instead of an annular absorber 26.
• a hollow cone-shaped absorber 26 is used instead of an annular absorber 26.
• This makes it possible to set a lower angle of radiation at the radiation source 18 due to the inclined position relative to a longitudinal axis of the chimney 64 and the radiation source 18 with the same passage area for the composition 12 and nevertheless to subject the absorber 26 completely with electromagnetic radiation.
• FIG. 11 shows a section of a preferred embodiment of the evaporator system 10 according to the invention in cross section, the composition 12 in the reservoir 24 being fed to the absorber 26 via an at least partially porous section 40 of the reservoir 24, here the bottom, this section also being, for example, separate wick can be executed.
• the absorber 26 is not irradiated in a straight line from the radiation source 18, son countries the radiation source 18 is aligned in the connected state on a beam shaper 38, which reflects the electromagnetic radiation 20 and deflects it onto the absorber 26.
• the steam 54 arrives from the absorber via a connection 70 to the chimney (not shown here).
• Figure 12 shows a section of a preferred embodiment of the fiction, contemporary evaporator system 10 in cross section, wherein the evaporator system 10 comprises two reservoirs 24a and 24b, which are each connected to one of two absorbers 26a and 26b, which are connected via two separate radiation sources 18a and 18b electromagnetic radiation can be irradiated, so that the vapor from the composition 12 from the left and / or right reservoir 24a and 24b via the connection 70 to the chimney (not shown here) can get.
• the evaporator system 10 accordingly comprises a first absorber 26a and a second absorber 26b as well as a first radiation source 18a and a second radiation source 18b, the first absorber 26a and the second absorber 26b being connected to different, separate sections of the reservoir 24a and 24b.
• the illustrated embodiment works in principle as described below be.
• the first absorber 26a is supplied with the composition 12 through the first reservoir 24a, the first absorber 26a being fluidly coupled to the wick 66 in a fluid-conducting manner and being wetted with the composition 12 by this.
• the first radiation source 18a is controlled in such a way that the first radiation source 18a initially illuminates the first absorber surface 26a during an illumination period.
• the absorber 26a absorbs the electromagnetic radiation 20 and converts it (among other things) into thermal energy, for example, as described above.
• the composition absorbs the thermal energy and evaporates.
• the first radiation source 18a is deactivated and the second radiation source 18b is activated.
• the second radiation source 18b illuminates the second absorber 26b as described above.
• composition 12 can flow from the first reservoir 24a into the first absorber 26a.
• the predetermined duration of illumination of the second radiation source 18b it is switched off.
• the advantage of this structure is a more or less continuous evaporation of the composition due to the sequential, successive illumination of the various absorbers 26a and 26b.
• the first absorber 26a can be refilled with composition 12 from the corresponding reservoir 24a.
• the composition 12 in the reservoir 24a and the composition 12 in the reservoir 24b differ.
• the reservoir 24a could have a composition 12 with nicotine.
• the reservoir 24b could have a composition that contains cannabidiol or tetrahydrocannabinol.
• the radiation sources 18a and 18b can then be operated independently of one another, i.e. for example according to the choice of the desired active ingredient by the user.
• Another example of two compositions in the reservoir 24a and 24b which differ from one another can be active ingredients which are used in the therapy of respiratory diseases.
• the reservoir 24a can have a composition 12 with an active substance that a patient regularly takes in accordance with a schedule established by a doctor.
• the reservoir 24b can have an active ingredient that the patient can use in an emergency.
• the operation of the radiation sources 18a, 18b would depend on the patient's choice of the active substance to be vaporized in the reservoir 24a or 24b.
• FIG. 13 shows a preferred embodiment of the evaporation system 10 according to the invention in cross section, which is a stationary structure such as can be used, for example, in inhalers.
• a beam shaper 38 is used to scatter the relatively focused electromagnetic radiation 20 of a monochromatic laser radiation source 18 so that a relatively large surface of the absorber 26 can be acted upon in order to evenly vaporize the composition 12 with a laser to enable.
• FIGS. 14, 15 and 16 show a particularly preferred embodiment of the evaporator system 10 according to the invention in cross section, the second element 22 each being designed as a mouthpiece 76 (FIG. 16), or together with the first element 14 forming a mouthpiece 76 (FIG. 14 and 15).
• FIG. 14 shows a particularly powerful evaporator system 10, which enables particularly intensive and uniform evaporation via the total of three radiation sources 18.
• the chimney 64 which conducts the steam 54 to the mouthpiece 76, is formed between the first element 14 and the second element 22, which is made possible by the absorber 26 preventing the composition 12 from escaping undesirably from the reservoir 24 prevents.
• the chimney 64 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 16 is integrated into the cartridge, which is particularly preferred because the reusable part 48 does not come into contact with the composition even if it is unintentionally, e.g. due to mechanical damage to the absorber. Above 26, the composition 12 emerges from the reservoir 24.
• FIG. 17 shows a schematic flow diagram of the method according to the invention, which comprises the illustrated steps, namely: the provision 100 of a first element 14 comprising at least one radiation source 18 connected to an electrical energy source 16, which is set up to emit electromagnetic radiation 20 that Providing 102 a second element 22 comprising at least one reservoir 24 for receiving the composition 12 and at least one absorber 26, which is set up to at least partially absorb the electromagnetic radiation 20 emitted by the radiation source 18 and at least partially convert it into thermal energy 28 and / or this at least partially as electromagnetic radiation 21 with opposite to emit absorbed electromagnetic radiation 20 of increased wavelength, connecting 104 the first element 14 to the second element 22 so that a radiation conductor 30 is formed between the radiation source 18 and the absorber 26, and activating 106 the radiation source 18 and thereby evaporation of the composition 12 through the thermal energy 28 obtained by the absorber 26 by conversion from the electromagnetic radiation 20 and / or through the electromagnetic radiation 21 emitted by the absorber 26 with an increased wavelength compared to the absorber electromagnetic radiation 20.
• composition 14 first element
• Control device 60 evaporation area 62 wall (optional)

Landscapes

• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
• Hematology (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Anesthesiology (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Pulmonology (AREA)
• Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
• Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
• Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
• Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
• Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=74125152

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Families Citing this family (4)

Family Cites Families (6)

• 2019
  • 2019-12-19 DE DE102019135176.6A patent/DE102019135176A1/de active Pending
• 2020
  • 2020-12-15 US US17/786,341 patent/US20230024271A1/en active Pending
  • 2020-12-15 WO PCT/EP2020/086124 patent/WO2021122531A1/de unknown
  • 2020-12-15 CN CN202080093700.3A patent/CN114929040A/zh active Pending
  • 2020-12-15 KR KR1020227024763A patent/KR20220119095A/ko unknown
  • 2020-12-15 JP JP2022537473A patent/JP2023507994A/ja active Pending
  • 2020-12-15 EP EP20835712.9A patent/EP4076052A1/de active Pending

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events