EP4063568B1 - Measurement assembly and erosion device with a measurement assembly - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a measuring arrangement with at least one measuring cable, which on the one hand is connected to the vertically adjustable working device and on the other hand extends to an upper fixed point, at least one measuring device, which is connected to an associated measuring cable and for measuring an angle of inclination of the measuring cable relative to a vertical measuring axis is designed and is arranged in a connection area between the measuring cable and the working device, and at least one connecting device, which is arranged and designed between the measuring device and the working device, the measuring device is non-rotatable about the vertical measuring axis and at the same time can be angled to the vertical measuring axis on the working device hold, according to the preamble of claim 1.

The invention further relates to a removal device for creating a hole, in particular a slot, in the ground, with a working device which has at least one removal tool for removing soil, a carrier device on which the removal device is mounted in a vertically adjustable manner for insertion into the ground, and a measuring arrangement for measuring the position, in particular a verticality, of the implement in the ground, according to the preamble of claim 10.

When creating a slot in the ground, deviations from a desired vertical orientation or position of the slot may occur due to various influencing factors. An exact positioning of a slot in the ground is essential, for example when creating a diaphragm wall. such as this is needed to seal deep excavation pits from groundwater. Such a slot wall is made from a large number of individual slots, which are filled with a settable mass. It is necessary to create the individual diaphragm wall segments exactly next to each other so that there are no gaps and thus leaks between the diaphragm wall segments.

A very precise method for measuring a borehole in the ground using at least one measuring cable, which extends from a measuring body to a carrier device, is from the EP 2 698 499 B1 known. With this known method, however, a device-independent measuring device is necessary, with which an angle and distance measurement has to be carried out. A change in position on the measuring cables can serve as a measure of the alignment and in particular the verticality of the hole in the ground. However, this measuring arrangement cannot be used directly to control a removal device.

A generic measuring arrangement is based on the EP 0 841 465 B1 out. In this known measuring arrangement, two measuring cables spaced apart from one another are stretched from predetermined fixed points on a ground surface to a trench wall cutter. When the trench wall cutter is lowered precisely vertically, the measuring cables are aligned vertically. If the trench wall cutters deviate from the vertical, an angle of inclination occurs on the measuring cable. The measuring angle can be determined using an inclinometer at the connection area between the measuring cables and the implement. In order to determine even small deviations as precisely as possible, the measuring cables on the implement must be attached as freely as possible. This is what it teaches EP 0 841 465 B1 the attachment of a ball joint or a carding joint with crossing pivot axes.

In the EP 3 536 899 A1 A special gimbal bearing is taught for this measuring arrangement, with which particularly good measuring accuracy is to be achieved. The gimbal bearing has a large number of mechanical parts, which, however, when used on construction sites and in particular when introducing the working device with such a measuring device into a filled with concrete suspension Slots require a lot of cleaning and maintenance effort. Insufficient cleaning and maintenance of the sensitive mechanical gimbal linkage can result in undesirable measurement inaccuracies.

The invention is based on the object of specifying a measuring arrangement and a removal device with such a measuring arrangement, with which a particularly reliable and precise measurement is made possible with a robust structure.

The task is solved by a measuring arrangement with the features of claim 1 and a removal device with the features of claim 10. Preferred embodiments of the invention are set out in the dependent claims.

The measuring arrangement according to the invention is characterized in that the connecting device has a connecting tube which is arranged coaxially to the vertical measuring axis, and in that the connecting tube is designed to be torsionally rigid about the vertical measuring axis and deflectable relative to the vertical measuring axis.

A basic idea of the invention is to provide a connecting tube for connecting the measuring device to the working device, which on the one hand is torsionally rigid about the tube axis, which coincides with the measuring axis, and on the other hand is deflectable or bendable to the tube axis. The use of such a connecting pipe offers advantages in several respects. Unlike a cardan joint with intersecting pivot axes, the connecting tube has the same deflection behavior over its entire circumference. In addition, a connecting pipe as a joint element is simple and at the same time robust due to the fundamentally one-piece structure. In particular, it is less sensitive to external influences and requires significantly less maintenance and cleaning effort than a multi-part cardan joint or a ball joint, especially if contact with a setting suspension or with dirt particles is expected. The measuring arrangement according to the invention is therefore particularly suitable for rough work on construction sites or in other outdoor areas.

In principle, the connecting pipe can be made of any suitable material that is sufficiently torsionally rigid around the pipe axis and allows the desired deflection transversely to the pipe axis. According to one embodiment, it is particularly preferred Invention that the connecting pipe is formed like a hose from a flexible material. In particular, a plastic material, in particular an elastic plastic material, is suitable for forming the connecting tube.

According to an embodiment variant of the invention, an improvement in the deflection and thus the sensitivity of the measuring arrangement is achieved in that the connecting pipe is designed, at least in sections, as a corrugated pipe with a corrugated wall region. The connecting pipe therefore has at least one area with changing diameters, in particular increasing and decreasing diameters. Preferably, the tube as a whole can also be designed as a corrugated tube. It is preferred that the corrugated tube is made of a metallic material, e.g. B. steel or stainless steel

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, an increase in the axial rigidity of the connecting tube while at the same time allowing the tube to be angled more sensitively can be achieved in that the connecting tube is filled with an incompressible liquid. An oil or water can preferably be provided as the liquid.

A further preferred embodiment of the invention is that a pivot bearing is provided at the end of the connecting tube directed towards the working device, with which the connecting tube can be rotated about the vertical measuring axis, in particular through an angle of 180°. In principle, the pivot bearing can be arranged at any point on the connecting pipe. By rotating the connecting pipe around the measuring or pipe axis, measuring accuracy can be increased even further.

In particular, this can be achieved in that a rotary drive is arranged for rotating the rotatably mounted connecting tube into at least one different position and in that the measuring device is designed to measure the angle of inclination in the different rotational positions. In particular, the connecting pipe can be adjusted with the rotary drive after a measurement in a first position into a second position, which is offset by 90° or 180° to the first position. In this second position, another measurement can be made. This makes a so-called envelope measurement possible, with which Measuring errors can be compensated for or reduced to a minimum. In principle, a measurement can also be carried out in more than two different rotational positions of the connecting pipe.

In general, the measuring arrangement can be used with a measuring cable for certain purposes. According to a further development of the invention, it is particularly advantageous that at least two measuring cables are provided, which are attached to the implement at a horizontal distance from one another. Preferably, the at least two measuring cables run parallel to one another in a normal position. By arranging at least two measuring cables, rotation of the implement in space can also be determined, with a separate angle measurement being carried out on each measuring cable. Three or more measuring cables can also be provided, which extend between the implement and a respective fixed point. For an exact measurement, the measuring cables must be in a tensioned state, and a tensioning device must be provided for this purpose. When only one measuring cable is arranged, twisting can be detected using a suitable detection device, for example a gyroscope.

A particularly good axial attachment of the measuring cable to the implement via the connecting device can be achieved by arranging a tension element within the connecting tube. In particular, the tension element can be a traction cable, which further enables sufficient deflection of the connecting tube transversely to the vertical measuring axis.

The invention further comprises a removal device for creating a hole, in particular a slot in the ground, with a working device which has at least one removal tool for removing soil, a carrier device on which the working device is mounted in a vertically adjustable manner for insertion into the ground, wherein a Measuring arrangement according to the invention for measuring the position, in particular the verticality, of the implement is arranged in the ground. By using the measuring arrangement according to the invention on the removal device, the advantages described above can be achieved.

The working device can be a device for special foundation engineering and can in particular include a trench wall cutter, a trench wall grab or even an in-hole drilling device or a drilling tool. The carrier device is in particular a construction machine with a mobile undercarriage on which a rotatable superstructure is mounted. The undercarriage can in particular include a crawler chassis.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the removal device according to the invention is that the measuring cable has a density which is equal to or lower than the density of a supporting liquid with which the hole created by the working device is filled. In particular, if the density of a supporting liquid on its surface in the hole is the same, undesirable effects on the rope due to differences in density can be avoided. This increases the reproducibility of the measurement result. The density of the suspension can be constant or change depending on the depth.

In the case of the removal device, a measurement can be carried out by the measuring arrangement continuously or at predetermined times. Depending on the measured values determined, a deviation in the position of the implement in the hole can be detected at an early stage. In principle, the implement can then be re-controlled by hand.

According to a further development of the invention, it is particularly preferred that the working device is provided with controllable actuating elements for changing the position of the working device in the hole and that a control and evaluation unit is provided and designed on the control device, depending on the measured values of the at least one measuring device, a position of the Control the working device and change it by controlling the actuators. In particular, this allows automatic control or regulation of the position of the implement in the ground. This makes it easy to create precisely positioned holes and, in particular, slots in the floor. This makes it possible to keep a generally usual overcut between the adjacent diaphragm wall segments very small, so that when creating a diaphragm or sealing wall there is a significant saving in material and wear on the removal tools.

According to a further development of the invention, a particularly advantageous removal device is achieved in that a winch is provided on the carrier device for each measuring cable, through which the measuring cable can be tracked to the working device under a predeterminable pretension. The pretension can in particular be adjusted so that the measuring cable is always completely tensioned, although a sensitive deflection of the measuring cable and thus a high measurement accuracy are still ensured. This can be achieved by setting an appropriate tightening torque on a winch drive for the winch.

In principle, the at least one fixed point can be provided at any suitable location, which allows the measuring cable to be fixed reliably and permanently. It is particularly expedient that the at least one fixed point is formed and measured on a guide frame, which is arranged at an upper end of the hole. In particular, when creating a diaphragm wall, a guide trench with concrete walls is created along a ground surface. A guide frame, preferably made of metal, can be arranged and fastened along this guide trench. Fixed points for the measuring cable can be set on this guide frame using appropriate holding devices. In particular, a measuring sleeve and/or a deflection roller can be arranged on the guide frame for this purpose, through which or over which the measuring cable is guided. The fixed point can be calibrated in particular for a particularly precise measurement, so that, for example, a clear position definition is given in a construction site coordinate system.

In principle, the tool of the removal device can be any construction device for creating a hole in the ground. According to a further development of the invention, it is particularly advantageous that the working device is a trench wall cutter with at least one driven cutting wheel, which is rotatably mounted about a horizontal axis of rotation at a lower end of a cutter frame. In particular, two pairs of milling wheels can be arranged horizontally offset from one another on the underside of the milling frame.

Fig. 1

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Abtragsvorrichtung mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Messanordnung;

Fig. 2

eine Detailansicht zu der Messanordnung von Fig. 1 in einer Vorderansicht; und

Fig. 3

eine vergrößerte Detailansicht zu einer Messeinrichtung einer erfindungsgemäßen Messanordnung.

The invention is further described below using preferred exemplary embodiments, which are shown schematically in the drawings. Shown in the drawings:

Fig. 1

a perspective view of a removal device with a measuring arrangement according to the invention;

Fig. 2

a detailed view of the measuring arrangement Fig. 1 in a front view; and

Fig. 3

an enlarged detailed view of a measuring device of a measuring arrangement according to the invention.

According to Fig. 1 a removal device 10 is shown with a carrier device 12, which has a crawler chassis as an undercarriage 13. An uppercarriage 14 with an operator cabin 15 with the device control is mounted on the undercarriage 13 so that it can rotate about a horizontal axis of rotation. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the removal device 10 has an angled cantilever mast 16 as a mast, over which a working device 20 is held vertically adjustable by means of support cables 17.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the working device 20 is designed as a trench wall cutter 22 with a cutter frame 24. Arranged on the milling frame 24 are a plurality of adjustable flap-shaped actuating elements 25, with which the position of the trench wall milling machine 22 in a hole in the ground can be changed and adjusted in a known manner. At a lower end of the milling frame 24, two pairs of milling wheels 27 are rotatably mounted as removal tools 26. In a known manner, the milling wheels 27 can be set in rotation via an internal milling wheel drive to remove soil material.

To measure a position, in particular a verticality, of the working device 20 in the ground, a measuring device 40 of a measuring arrangement 30 according to the invention is attached in the area of a suspension device 28, via which the trench wall cutter 22 is connected to the support cables 17. The measuring device 40, which is described in more detail below, is arranged approximately centrally and coaxially to the longitudinal axis of the working device 20. From the measuring device 40, which is firmly connected to the working device 20, a measuring cable 32 extends upwards to a defined fixed point 38, which is formed on a guide frame 36. The guide frame 36 is attached to the ground surface at the upper end of the hole, with the fixed point 38 being measured and specifying a target reference point for the position of the implement 20.

The measuring cable 32 extends high above the guide frame 36 to the carrier device 12, the measuring cable 32 being guided via deflection rollers to a winch 18 on the superstructure 14. Using the winch 18, the measuring cable 32 can be guided to the implement 20 that is lowered into the ground and a certain tension in the measuring cable 32 can be ensured.

In a generally known manner, additional lines and hoses for operating the trench wall cutter 22 are tracked from the carrier device 12 via appropriate winches and drums.

In Fig. 2 an upper end of a modified implement 20 is shown with a total of two measuring devices 40, with a milling frame 24 already being inserted into a floor 5 to form a hole 7 or slot.

The two measuring devices 40 are attached to the milling frame 24 in a horizontally and vertically offset manner. From each measuring device 40, a measuring cable 32 extends upwards through a guide frame 36, which is placed on the surface of the ground above the hole 7. The measuring cables 32 are each guided through a predetermined fixed point 38 on the guide frame 36, which serve as a reference point for the position measurement and in particular the measurement of the verticality of the working device 20 in the ground 5.

If the working device 20 is in the target position, the measuring cables 32 extend exactly vertically to the vertical measuring axis through the respective fixed point 38. If a positional deviation occurs in the horizontal direction, this results in a deflection of at least one of the measuring cables 32 relative to the vertical measuring axis. This deviation or angulation can be determined by the measuring device 40, as follows with reference to the illustration Fig. 3 is explained in more detail. A vertical adjustment of the working device 20 takes place via the support cables 17, which are connected to the working device 20 via a suspension device 28.

A preferred embodiment of a measuring arrangement 30 according to the invention with a measuring device 40 is shown schematically in Fig. 3 shown. A measuring cable 32 is guided via a fastening sleeve 34 to an approximately spherical measuring device 40, which can determine a deviation and in particular an inclination of the measuring cable 32 relative to a vertical measuring axis with a high measuring accuracy. The Vertical measuring axis can result in particular from the direction of gravity.

The measuring device 40 is connected to the working device 20 via a connecting device 50. The connecting device 50 has a connecting tube 52 extending in the vertical direction. The connecting pipe 52 includes a corrugated wall area and can be referred to as a corrugated pipe. A pull rope can extend within and along the connecting tube 52. The connecting tube 52 can preferably be filled with liquid. The connecting pipe 52 is firmly connected to the measuring device 40 via an upper fastening flange 55. The connecting tube 52 is attached to a pivot bearing 60 via a lower fastening flange 56, with which the connecting tube can be rotated about the vertical axis. For rotation, a rotary drive 62 is provided below the pivot bearing 60, with which the connecting pipe 52 can be adjusted in defined positioning angles relative to the implement 20. In this way, the angle of inclination can be measured in different rotational positions, so that the position of the working device 20 in space can also be determined. The rotary drive 62 is connected to the implement 20 via a flange connection, the connection being provided either on the frame of the implement 20 or on the suspension device 28.

Claims (15)

1. Measuring arrangement for measuring a position, in particular a verticality, of a vertically adjustable and lowerable working apparatus (20) with respect to an upper fixed point (38), with

   - at least one measuring cable (32) which is on the one hand connected to the vertically adjustable working apparatus (20) and on the other hand extends towards the fixed point (38),

   - at least one measuring means (40) which is connected to the corresponding measuring cable (32) and designed to measure an angle of inclination of the measuring cable (32) relative to a vertical measurement axis and is arranged in a connection region between the measuring cable (32) and the working apparatus (20), and

   - at least one connecting means (50) which is arranged between the measuring means (40) and the working apparatus (20) and is designed to keep the measuring means (40) torque proof about the vertical measurement axis and at the same time capable of being angled with respect to the vertical measurement axis on the working apparatus (20),
   characterized in that

   - the connecting means (50) has a connecting tube (52) which is arranged coaxially to the vertical measurement axis, and

   - in that the connecting tube (52) is designed so as to be torsion proof about the vertical measurement axis and deflectable with respect to the vertical measurement axis.
2. Measuring arrangement according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the connecting tube (52) is formed in a hose-like manner from a flexible material.
3. Measuring arrangement according to claim 1 or 2,
   characterized in that
   the connecting tube (52) is at least in sections designed as a corrugated tube with a corrugated wall region (54).
4. Measuring arrangement according to claim 3,
   characterized in that
   the corrugated tube is manufactured from metal, in particular steel.
5. Measuring arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
   characterized in that
   the connecting tube (52) is filled with an incompressible liquid.
6. Measuring arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
   characterized in that
   at the end of the connecting tube (52) which is directed towards the working apparatus (20) a rotary bearing (60) is provided, with which the connecting tube (52) is rotatable about the vertical measurement axis, in particular about an angle of 180°.
7. Measuring arrangement according to claim 6,
   characterized in that

   a rotary drive (62) is arranged for rotating the rotatably supported connecting tube (52) in at least one different rotational position and

   in that the measuring means (40) is designed to measure the angle of inclination in the different rotational positions.
8. Measuring arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
   characterized in that
   at least two measuring cables (32) are provided which are attached to the working apparatus (20) by being horizontally spaced apart from each other.
9. Measuring arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
   characterized in that
   inside the connecting tube (52) a pull element, in particular a pull cable, is arranged.
10. Removal device for producing a hole (7), in particular a trench, in the ground (5), with

    - a working apparatus (20) which has at least one removal tool (26) for removing ground (5),

    - a carrier implement (12), on which the working apparatus (20) is supported in a vertically adjustable manner for introduction into the ground (5), and

    - a measuring arrangement (30) for measuring the position, in particular a verticality, of the working apparatus (20) in the ground (5),

    characterized in that
    a measuring arrangement (30) according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is arranged.
11. Removal device according to claim 10,
    characterized in that
    the measuring cable (32) has a density which is equal to or lower than the density of a slurry, with which the hole (7) produced by the working apparatus (20) is filled.
12. Removal device according to claim 10 or 11,
    characterized in that

    the working apparatus (20) is provided with actuatable positioning members (25) for change of position of the working apparatus (20) in the hole (7) and

    in that on the carrier implement (12) a control and evaluation unit is provided and designed to check a position of the working apparatus (20) and to change this by actuating the positioning members (25) depending on the measured values of the at least one measuring means (40).
13. Removal device according to any one of claims 10 to 12,
    characterized in that
    on the carrier implement (12) a winch (18) is provided for each measuring cable (32), by which the measuring cable (32) can be tracked to the working apparatus whilst being under predeterminable pretension.
14. Removal device according to any one of claims 10 to 13,
    characterized in that
    the at least one fixed point (38) is designed and calibrated on a lead frame (36) which is arranged at an upper end of the hole (7).
15. Removal device according to any one of claims 10 to 14,
    characterized in that
    the working apparatus (20) is a diaphragm wall cutter (22) with at least one driven cutting wheel (27) which is rotatably supported about a horizontal axis of rotation on a lower end of a cutter frame (24).

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