EP4060141B1 - Unité de sous-couche auto-stabilisante et revêtement de sous-couche - Google Patents

Unité de sous-couche auto-stabilisante et revêtement de sous-couche Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4060141B1
EP4060141B1 EP21163446.4A EP21163446A EP4060141B1 EP 4060141 B1 EP4060141 B1 EP 4060141B1 EP 21163446 A EP21163446 A EP 21163446A EP 4060141 B1 EP4060141 B1 EP 4060141B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
subsurface
layer
laying
laying unit
preferred direction
Prior art date
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Application number
EP21163446.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP4060141A1 (fr
EP4060141C0 (fr
Inventor
Peter Zöhrer
Florian Neuböck
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Weitzer Holding GmbH
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Weitzer Holding GmbH
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Publication date
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Priority to EP21163446.4A priority Critical patent/EP4060141B1/fr
Priority to PCT/EP2021/087764 priority patent/WO2022194419A1/fr
Publication of EP4060141A1 publication Critical patent/EP4060141A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4060141C0 publication Critical patent/EP4060141C0/fr
Publication of EP4060141B1 publication Critical patent/EP4060141B1/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0866—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements composed of several layers, e.g. sandwich panels or layered panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/10—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements of wood or with an outer layer of wood
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/18—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements of organic plastics with or without reinforcements or filling materials or with an outer layer of organic plastics with or without reinforcements or filling materials; plastic tiles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/02133—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements fixed directly to an underlayer by means of magnets, hook and loop-type or similar fasteners, not necessarily involving the side faces of the flooring elements
    • E04F15/02144—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements fixed directly to an underlayer by means of magnets, hook and loop-type or similar fasteners, not necessarily involving the side faces of the flooring elements by magnets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/04—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members
    • E04F15/041—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members with a top layer of wood in combination with a lower layer of other material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/04—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members
    • E04F15/045—Layered panels only of wood
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
    • E04F15/105—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials of organic plastics with or without reinforcements or filling materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
    • E04F15/107—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials composed of several layers, e.g. sandwich panels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a subsurface laying unit, in particular a floor panel or a wall panel, for floating installation on a subsurface.
  • the invention further relates to a subsurface covering which has the subsurface laying unit.
  • the invention further relates to a method for laying a subsurface covering.
  • the present invention can therefore relate to the technical field of subsurface coverings, in particular multi-layer parquet coverings.
  • Parquet and other wood-based panels are popular and efficient floor or wall coverings, but are generally relatively complex to install.
  • wood as a material reacts strongly to changes in moisture (literally "wood works") and therefore shows pronounced swelling and shrinking behavior, which can lead to bulges and cracks in the floor or wall covering.
  • parquet panels are usually glued to the subsurface and rigidly fastened to each other with connecting elements. However, this results in a high expenditure of time and money when renovating or replacing such floor or wall coverings.
  • WO 2012/156192 describes a surface laying unit for laying with other surface laying units on a subsurface, in particular a subsurface laying unit, wherein the surface laying unit has a wear layer and a connecting structure attached directly to an underside of the wear layer, which is set up to connect to the subsurface.
  • EP 3 070 231 A1 relates to a subsurface laying unit for laying with other subsurface laying units for covering a subsurface, the subsurface laying unit having a subsurface-side fastening structure which is designed for fastening to the subsurface, and a plug-in connection structure facing away from the subsurface for releasably plug-in connection with one correspondingly designed plug connection structure of a surface laying unit.
  • WO 2012/156192 or EP 3 070 231 A1 still requires quite a lot of effort, because it is absolutely necessary to provide complex subsurface laying units on which the surface laying units can then be attached. This is particularly due to the fact that the surface laying units as such are exposed to high (intrinsic) stresses and are therefore not self-stabilized.
  • WO 2018/237096 A1 describes a modular and magnetic wooden panel with several layers.
  • a subsurface covering which comprises: a plurality of subsurface laying units as described above.
  • the subsurface laying units of the majority of subsurface laying units are laid on the subsurface floating and free of frontal connecting elements (thus the subsurface laying units are not connected to one another by additional connecting elements).
  • a “subsurface laying unit” can be understood to mean in particular a multi-layer module (in particular a multi-layer parquet module), the wear layer of which is on or laid over a substrate is exposed or visible to the outside (if necessary still covered with an optional protective coating).
  • the laying of the underground laying unit can be carried out, for example, by means of the connecting structure on the underside of the underground laying unit with a substrate.
  • the term underground laying unit is to be understood as meaning that it can be installed on any flat surface, for example a horizontal surface (in particular a floor, wall or ceiling surface), an inclined surface (in particular a ramp) or a vertical surface (in particular a wall surface) can be laid.
  • the subsurface laying units can be manufactured in virtually any format. This includes in particular every square configuration, and in particular rectangular arrangements (panels). But other shapes, such as polygons, are also possible.
  • parquet can be understood as a subsurface covering for rooms that has wood.
  • the wood usually hardwood from trees, can be sawn into small pieces and put together according to specific patterns.
  • a “wear layer” can be understood to mean, in particular, a layer close to the surface or a surface layer or a board on which the actual mechanical and/or chemical stress on the installed floor or wall covering takes place.
  • a wear layer can be that which a user uses as a floor to walk on.
  • a wear layer may be a "board-like rigid layer" which has the mechanical properties of a board.
  • the wear layer can be made of solid wood (real wood veneer).
  • the wear layer can consist solely of wood as a component.
  • it can be made of solid wood.
  • European types of wood that are processed into layers of the subsurface installation unit (in particular the wear layer or base layers). Examples include oak, beech, maple, birch, walnut, cherry, ash, olive, acacia, elm, apple tree, pear tree, larch, pine and sweet chestnut. Non-European types of wood that can be used include merbau, wenge, teak or mahogany.
  • wood Due to the wood fibers and their orientation, wood generally exhibits anisotropy and a preferred direction. In principle, a distinction is made between: i) longitudinal (alignment of the fibers), ii) radial (transverse to the fiber direction and transverse to the annual rings), and iii) tangential (transverse to the fiber direction and longitudinal to the annual rings), whereby in this document the fiber direction is (longitudinal , i) can be described as the preferred direction.
  • the term “swelling and shrinkage behavior (or amount of swelling and shrinkage)” can refer in particular to the fact that the volume of wood increases or decreases when the humidity changes. Simply put, wood can expand or shrink. Swelling and shrinkage can be parameters for the hygroscopic properties of wood and wood-based materials, which describe the dimensional change of a workpiece depending on the wood moisture.
  • the amount of shrinkage refers to the change caused by the reduction in the moisture contained (shrinkage), while the amount of swelling refers to the change caused by the absorption of moisture (swelling).
  • the swelling and shrinking behavior works particularly along the three directions outlined above.
  • the swelling and shrinkage behavior results in a ratio i:ii:iii of 1: 10: 17.
  • All types of wood have their specific swelling and shrinkage behavior, but in general it can be said that softwoods generally have less shrink more than hardwoods; for example, the wood of oak and beech also shrinks more than that of spruce and pine.
  • a common method for determining swelling and shrinkage is described in the DIN 52184 standard.
  • wooden panels when installed can also bulge outwards (convex) or inwards (concave) when the humidity changes (so-called cupping), see Figures 3 and 4 below.
  • a “stabilization layer” can be understood to mean, in particular, a layer or a board that is remote from the surface and serves to ensure the stability of the installed floor or wall covering as a whole.
  • the stabilizing layer does not exhibit any swelling or shrinkage behavior when there are changes in humidity, unlike e.g. wood veneer.
  • the stabilization layer has (substantially) no wood or less wood than a wood veneer.
  • the stabilization layer can have a plastic or a metal, because these materials show (essentially) no swelling or shrinkage behavior when there are changes in humidity.
  • the stabilization layer has an anisotropic property and a corresponding preferred direction. This is the case, for example, if the stabilization layer has fibers, e.g. a glass fiber-reinforced plastic mat.
  • the stabilization layer can also have an isotropic material, for example in the form of aluminum foil.
  • a “base layer” can be understood to mean in particular a layer or a board that is remote from the surface and that increases the stability of the subsurface laying unit.
  • a base layer can function as a barrier layer and/or as a counteracting layer.
  • the base layer has a wood veneer, but other configurations are also possible, for example plastic or metal. However, this should be implemented in such a way that a preferred direction is present in order to act as a barrier layer and/or as a counter-traction layer in conjunction with the useful view.
  • a “connecting structure” can be understood in particular to mean any physical structure that is specifically adapted to form a connection with the intended adjacent element (e.g. a subsurface connection structure or a counterpart), i.e. to exert a fastening force on it.
  • a connection structure can be designed as a layer or as one or more specially placed elements.
  • the subsurface laying unit can be laid, for example, by means of an additional connection structure on the underside of the subsurface connection structure and/or by means of an additional connection structure on the top of the subsurface. It is also possible to lay the subsurface connecting structure on the subsurface in a floating manner (e.g. with a magnetic film).
  • the term "subsoil” may mean a "subsoil”. Furthermore, the term can also include a “subsoil” with an additional “subsoil connecting structure”.
  • a “subfloor” can in particular be understood to mean any flat or essentially flat surface that can be covered with subsurface laying units.
  • the subsoil can be a subsoil of a building (for example a building floor, a building ceiling or a building wall), i.e. an on-site subsoil.
  • a staircase or steps in particular horizontal and/or vertical surfaces of steps) as the subsurface floor.
  • An underground floor can, for example, include the following: screed, wooden floors, tiles, laminate, PVC coverings, carpets, etc.
  • the term “floating installation” can be understood in particular to mean that a subsurface installation unit is laid on a subsurface in a reversible manner, i.e. in a non-destructive manner.
  • a Such reversible laying can be achieved, for example, using magnetic elements, snap-in elements or no connection at all. Connecting using a special, easily removable adhesive (e.g. residue-free) is also conceivable.
  • the term “floating installation” does not include conventional adhesives (e.g. silane-modified parquet adhesive (SMP) or PUR adhesive), which do not allow the subsurface installation unit to be removed without leaving any residue.
  • SMP silane-modified parquet adhesive
  • PUR adhesive e.g. silane-modified parquet adhesive
  • a “detachable connection” of two elements by means of a connection structure can be understood in particular to mean that after such a connection has been formed, it can be reversibly and non-destructively detached again by applying a release force.
  • the connection structure can be reused after release, in particular reused at least ten or at least a hundred times, without the connection function suffering or being impaired. Disconnecting such a connection can be carried out by a user without using a tool.
  • the invention can be based on the idea that laying underground laying units on a substrate is possible in a resource-saving, environmentally friendly, flexible, low-effort and at the same time reliable and protected against undesirable high (intrinsic) stresses if a self-stabilized underground laying unit is included a very special layer structure is used.
  • a barrier structure is chosen in which the preferred directions of a wear layer and two base layers are selected in relation to one another in such a way that unwanted tensions caused by the swelling and shrinkage behavior when the moisture changes are blocked.
  • a stabilization layer is now installed under the wear layer and above the base layers, which does not exhibit any swelling or shrinkage behavior This enables optimal self-stabilization of the subsurface laying unit.
  • a particularly thin subsurface laying unit (which still has a stable wooden wear layer) can be laid floating in a simple, cost-effective and flexible manner (without connecting elements), but this subsurface laying unit is self-stabilizing (and thus free of internal stresses) compared to the swelling and shrinkage behavior and curvatures in the event of changes in humidity (see, for example, the particularly small curvatures in the Figures 3 and 4 ).
  • self-stabilization can be achieved, which has a similar effect to gluing. This makes the latter superfluous and enables simple, resource-saving replacement of subsurface laying units.
  • the subsurface laying unit is free of connecting elements to further subsurface laying units on all end faces (longitudinal sides and width sides). This can have the advantage that material and manufacturing costs can be saved while still providing the necessary stability.
  • this new method of laying can advantageously create a completely different feeling when walking, for example because subsurface laying units are vertically movable.
  • connection structure is set up to provide a magnetic, mechanical or electrical connection.
  • the connecting structure can be permanently attached to the base layer, in particular sprayed on as a dryable spray fluid, applied as a dryable coating paint, or laminated, welded or glued to it as a flexible or rigid solid.
  • a magnetic layer can be applied to the wear layer as a liquid suspension of magnetic particles (e.g. colloids or magnetic chips) and a solvent, etc. can be applied. After the suspension has dried, a thin and cost-effective magnetic layer remains on the wear layer.
  • the connection structure may also include a hot melt adhesive. A hot melt adhesive is applied in molten form and then adheres to the surface when cooled to a temperature below the melting point.
  • the subsurface laying unit has a thickness of 10 mm or less, in particular 5 mm or less, in particular 4.8 mm or less, in particular 4.5 mm or less, in particular 4.2 mm or less, in particular 4 mm or fewer. This means that material can be saved and the subsurface laying unit can be laid particularly flexibly without the floor structure height becoming too high.
  • this installation height (with at least five existing layers including a wood veneer wear layer) is extremely low. It is extremely surprising that such a thin multi-layer panel is still stable enough to withstand the stresses that a subsurface is exposed to in daily use.
  • the first base layer and/or the second base layer has a further wood veneer.
  • at least one of the wood veneers has a real wood layer (or solid wood layer, solid wood layer). This can have the advantage that a tried and tested product can be used straight away.
  • a layer of real wood gives a particularly positive visual impression in addition to the stability advantages (and ease of care).
  • a wood veneer layer can have a particularly stabilizing effect on the base layers.
  • both the wear layer and at least one of the base layers use a wood veneer, in particular made from the same type of wood.
  • both layers show similar, in particular the same, swelling and shrinking behavior when the humidity changes. Accordingly, the preferred directions can have a particularly efficient, self-stabilizing effect on one another.
  • the stabilization layer has a fourth preferred direction.
  • the fourth preferred direction is (substantially) arranged perpendicular to the first preferred direction (and parallel to the second preferred direction). This can have the advantage that a further barrier effect or self-stabilization can be individually/flexibly introduced directly below the wear layer.
  • the stabilizing layer has at least one from the group which consists of: a resin matrix (e.g. PUR, EPI, etc.), a fiber material, a fiber-reinforced plastic, a viscose matrix, a metal foil, in particular aluminum Film, a mineral-bonded fiberboard, a material with a high modulus of elasticity compared to the wear layer, an anisotropic material.
  • a resin matrix e.g. PUR, EPI, etc.
  • the anisotropy (different properties in different directions of the coordinate system) is usually taken into account Wood is used and prevents distortion. According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, this effect is reinforced by a glass fiber mat that is also anisotropic and precisely tailored to the warping properties of the wood.
  • the tensile fiber is therefore not used in the classic way as a "counter-tension" (with a symmetrical structure, the tensile force of the wear layer (e.g. oak) should be balanced) but as a supporting layer of the first base layer (this corresponds to a transverse layer of plywood).
  • the stabilization layer can be tailored to the warping properties of wood veneer (e.g. hardwood sliced veneer) using different grammages in the longitudinal and transverse directions in order to reduce swelling and shrinkage behavior to a minimum in addition to the conventional transverse layer (first base layer).
  • the stabilization layer can be provided in such a way that the anisotropy is less pronounced than with wood. This provides a variety of customization and optimization options.
  • distortion optimization or prestressing can be accomplished by targeted introduction of moisture.
  • an increase in hardness can be made possible by introducing a stabilizing layer (e.g. glass fiber mat).
  • the stabilization layer can directly adjoin the wear layer. In this case, their stabilizing effect is particularly pronounced.
  • glass fiber e.g. in a plastic matrix
  • glass fiber has an anisotropy of approximately 10:13.
  • the preferred direction can be aligned transversely to the grain direction of a wood veneer layer (e.g. oak).
  • a fiber optic with a uniform distribution, i.e. 1:1, can also be used. However, this would still be anisotropic because it has no fibers in its thickness.
  • the barrier effect of the glass fiber also applies to the wear layer (e.g. oak) and the underlying base layer (e.g. birch). For this reason, the fiber optic can now have almost equal orientation between longitudinal and transverse.
  • the subsurface laying unit further comprises: a connecting layer which is arranged between the first base layer and the second base layer.
  • the connecting layer has an adhesive and/or a natural resin.
  • At least one of the laid subsurface laying units is (at least partially) movable in the vertical direction.
  • the subsurface covering further has: a subsurface connecting structure (in particular a subsurface connecting layer), which is laid on the subsurface and which is releasably connected (or connectable) to the connecting structure.
  • a subsurface connecting structure in particular a subsurface connecting layer
  • the subsurface laying unit can be replaced in a quick and practical manner. Instead of re-laying the entire floor (as is usual with conventional parquet panels), each subfloor installation unit can now be replaced individually.
  • the connecting structure has a magnetic layer
  • the subsurface connecting structure has a further magnetic layer which is laid floating on the subsurface.
  • the total path of the swelling and shrinkage behavior or the curvature of the subsurface laying unit when changing between a wet climate and a dry climate is 0.15 mm or less, in particular 0.1 mm or less, more particularly 0.08 mm or less.
  • a special sandwich structure is chosen, which for the first time enables a (real wood) Subfloor covering with a total thickness of ⁇ 3 mm can be laid in a "floating" manner without frontal connecting elements (longitudinal and transverse) with a comparable swelling and shrinkage behavior (in the event of changes in humidity) as is usual with classic multi-layer parquet.
  • the sandwich structure is a new type of engineered wood product that uses a stabilization layer that is not necessarily cellulose-based to "shut off" the swelling and shrinkage behavior of the wear layer, although the stabilization layer does not act as a counterweight.
  • the properties of different types of wood and those of wood veneer layers of different thicknesses are used to direct the tendency to warp/curvature (concave/convex) into a convex bowl (in addition to blocking the swelling and shrinking behavior).
  • a variable introduction of water through different water contents in the glue joints can be used to advantage.
  • This inhomogeneous introduction of water initiates tensions in the multi-layer structure during the pressing process, which means that the initial distortion (slight pre-stress in the convex direction) can be provided as desired.
  • Figure 1 shows a cross section through a subsurface laying unit 100 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • the underground laying unit 100 is designed as a floor panel which has two long sides 101 and two width sides 102, which are referred to as end faces. It is noticeable that none of these end faces 101, 102 have connecting elements, which are conventionally always present and used to connect a floor panel to another floor panel on the end faces.
  • Such connecting elements usually include, for example, snap-in or click-in connections based on the tongue-and-groove principle.
  • the preferred directions R1, R2, R3 and R4 are coordinated with one another in such a way that the subsurface laying unit 100 is self-stabilized in terms of swelling and shrinkage behavior in the event of changes in humidity (dry climate and humid climate). This also applies to cupping (curving the panel concave/convex).
  • the first preferred direction R1 and the third preferred direction R3 are arranged parallel to one another and the second preferred direction R2 is arranged perpendicular to the first preferred direction R1 and the third preferred direction R3.
  • the fourth preferred direction R4 is formed transversely to the first preferred direction R1, but does not form a counterlayer to the wear layer.
  • connection structure 150 which is designed as a connection layer and makes it possible to provide a detachable connection to the substrate 200.
  • the connection structure 150 is set up to be detachably connected to an underground connection structure 160 on an underground floor 201.
  • the subsurface laying unit 100 has an exemplary thickness of 4.2 mm, with the connecting structure 150 exemplarily having a thickness of 1 mm.
  • the wear layer 110 has a thickness in the range 0.4 mm to 0.9 mm, depending on the wood veneer used.
  • a subsurface 200 which has the subsurface connecting layer 160.
  • This serves as a subsurface covering for the actual subsurface floor 201, e.g. a screed.
  • the subsurface connecting layer 160 is designed as a magnetic foil, which is laid (rolled out) floating on the subsurface floor 201. If the connection structure 150 and the subsurface connection structure 160 are magnetically coupled, the subsurface laying unit 100 is laid on the subsurface 200 in a floating or adhesive-free manner.
  • Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a subsurface laying unit 100 according to a further exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • the structure is that of Figure 1 very similar.
  • a connecting layer 135 is provided, which is arranged between the first base layer 130 and the second base layer 140.
  • the bonding layer 135 includes an adhesive and can be targeted to produce certain desired properties.
  • Figure 3 clearly shows the swelling and shrinkage behavior of a subsurface laying unit 100 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention in a wet climate and in a dry climate. While in a humid climate there is a concave curvature of around 0.04 mm, in a dry climate a convex curvature of around 0.04 mm can be observed.
  • Figure 4 clearly shows the overall path of the swelling and shrinkage behavior of the subsurface laying unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention in wet climates and dry climates.
  • the curvatures described result in a total travel of 0.08 mm. This is a particularly advantageous and very short overall distance, which is even smaller than with a large number of fully glued multi-layer parquets.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Unité de pose sur substrat (100), en particulier un panneau de sol ou un panneau mural, pour une pose flottante sur un substrat (200), dans laquelle l'unité de pose sur substrat (100) comprend :
    une couche d'usure (110) qui présente un placage de bois, dans laquelle la couche d'usure présente une première direction préférentielle (R1) ;
    une couche de stabilisation (120), qui présente un matériau qui ne présente essentiellement aucun comportement de gonflement et de retrait en cas de changement d'humidité ;
    une première couche de support (130) présentant une deuxième direction préférentielle (R2) ;
    une seconde couche de support (140), qui présente une troisième direction préférentielle (R3) ; et
    une structure de liaison (150), qui est configurée pour fournir une liaison amovible avec le substrat (200) ;
    dans laquelle les directions préférentielles (R1, R2, R3) sont coordonnées les unes avec les autres de telle sorte que l'unité de pose sur substrat (100) est essentiellement auto-stabilisée, en cas de changements d'humidité, en ce qui concerne le comportement de gonflement et de retrait.
  2. Unité de pose sur substrat (100) selon la revendication 1,
    dans laquelle l'unité de pose sur substrat (100) est exempte d'éléments de liaison à des unités de pose sur substrat supplémentaires (100) sur toutes les faces frontales (101, 102).
  3. Unité de pose sur substrat (100) selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    dans laquelle la structure de liaison (150) comprend au moins un choisi dans le groupe constitué par : une couche magnétique, une feuille magnétique, un tapis magnétique, une pluralité d'éléments magnétiques, une liaison par encliquetage, une liaison par enfichage, une connexion à rainure et languette, un tapis à velcro, une couche adhésive amovible, un tapis chargé électrostatiquement, un tapis antidérapant, un tapis nanométrique, une couche de pulvérisation ou de couchage, un ensemble de ventouses.
  4. Unité de pose sur substrat (100) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    dans laquelle l'unité de pose sur substrat (100) présente une épaisseur de 4,8 mm ou moins, en particulier de 4,2 mm ou moins.
  5. Unité de pose sur substrat (100) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    dans laquelle la structure de liaison (150) présente une épaisseur de 1,5 mm ou moins, en particulier de 1 mm ou moins ; et/ou
    dans laquelle la couche d'usure (110) présente une épaisseur dans la plage de 0,2 à 1,1 mm, en particulier dans la plage de 0,4 mm à 0,9 mm.
  6. Unité de pose sur substrat (100) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    dans laquelle la première couche de support (130) et/ou la seconde couche de support (140) présente un placage de bois supplémentaire,
    en particulier dans laquelle au moins un placage de bois présente une couche de bois véritable.
  7. Unité de pose sur substrat (100) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    dans laquelle la première direction préférentielle (R1) et la troisième direction préférentielle (R3) sont agencées sensiblement parallèlement l'une à l'autre ; et/ou
    dans laquelle la deuxième direction préférentielle (R2) est agencée sensiblement perpendiculairement à la première direction préférentielle (R1) et à la troisième direction préférentielle (R3).
  8. Unité de pose sur substrat (100) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    dans laquelle la couche de stabilisation (150) présente une quatrième direction préférentielle (R4), en particulier dans laquelle la quatrième direction préférentielle (R4) est disposée sensiblement perpendiculairement à la première direction préférentielle (R1) .
  9. Unité de pose sur substrat (100) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    la couche de stabilisation (150) comprend au moins un choisi dans le groupe constitué par : une matrice de résine, un matériau fibreux, un plastique renforcé de fibres, une matrice de viscose, une feuille métallique, en particulier une feuille d'aluminium, un panneau de fibres minérales liées, un matériau avec un module d'élasticité élevé par rapport à la couche d'usure (110), un matériau anisotrope.
  10. Unité de pose sur substrat (100) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant en outre :
    une couche de liaison (135), qui est agencée entre la première couche de support (130) et la seconde couche de support (140),
    en particulier dans lequel la couche de liaison (135) présente un adhésif et/ou une résine naturelle.
  11. Revêtement de substrat, en particulier un revêtement de sol ou un revêtement mural, présentant :
    une pluralité d'unités de pose sur substrat (100) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10,
    dans laquelle la majorité des unités de pose sur substrat (100) sont posées de manière flottante et sans éléments de liaison frontaux sur le substrat (200).
  12. Revêtement de substrat selon la revendication 11, dans lequel au moins une des unités de pose sur substrat posées (100) est mobile au moins partiellement dans une direction verticale.
  13. Revêtement de substrat selon la revendication 11 ou 12, comprenant en outre : une structure de liaison à un substrat (160) qui est posée sur un sol de substrat (201) et qui est reliée de manière amovible à la structure de liaison (150).
  14. Revêtement de substrat selon la revendication 13, dans lequel la structure de liaison (150) présente une couche magnétique, et dans lequel la structure de liaison à un substrat (160) présente une couche magnétique supplémentaire qui est posée de manière flottante sur le sol de substrat (201).
  15. Procédé de pose d'unités de pose sur substrat (100), le procédé comprenant les étapes consistant à :
    fournir une pluralité d'unités de pose sur substrat (100) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10 ;
    mettre en place d'une structure de liaison à un substrat (160) sur un substrat de sol (201) ;
    poser la pluralité d'unités de pose sur substrat (100) de telle sorte que les structures de liaison (150) soient couplées de manière amovible à la structure de liaison à un substrat (160) ;
    libérer le couplage entre au moins l'une des structures de liaison(150) et la structure de liaison à un substrat (160) pour retirer au moins l'une des unités de pose sur substrat(100) ; et
    remplacer au moins une unité de pose sur substrat (100) par une unité de pose sur substrat supplémentaire (100) .
EP21163446.4A 2021-03-18 2021-03-18 Unité de sous-couche auto-stabilisante et revêtement de sous-couche Active EP4060141B1 (fr)

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PCT/EP2021/087764 WO2022194419A1 (fr) 2021-03-18 2021-12-29 Unité de pose de substrat auto-stabilisé, revêtement de substrat et procédé permettant de poser une telle unité de pose de substrat

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CH703133A2 (de) * 2010-05-12 2011-11-15 3A Technology & Man Ag Formkörper mit Balsahölzern und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung.
WO2012156192A1 (fr) 2011-05-16 2012-11-22 Weitzer Holding Gmbh Système de revêtement de sol ou mural possédant des unités de pose combinables de manière modulaire
DE102015003664A1 (de) 2015-03-20 2016-10-06 Weitzer Holding Gmbh Wechselbelag mit Steckverbindung
RU2020102070A (ru) * 2017-06-20 2021-07-20 ГОЛКОНДА ХОЛДИНГС, ЭлЭлСи Модульные магнитно-восприимчивые поверхностные блоки из древесины и композитной древесины и магнитная панельная конструктивная система для покрытия полов, стен и других поверхностей
DE102019122037B4 (de) * 2019-08-16 2022-03-03 Fritz Kohl GmbH & Co. KG Mehrschichtiger holzkompositblock, mehrschichtiges holzfurnier sowie verfahren zur herstellung derselben

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