EP4051661A1 - Procédé de valorisation de retardateurs de flamme bromés - Google Patents
Procédé de valorisation de retardateurs de flamme bromésInfo
- Publication number
- EP4051661A1 EP4051661A1 EP20817446.6A EP20817446A EP4051661A1 EP 4051661 A1 EP4051661 A1 EP 4051661A1 EP 20817446 A EP20817446 A EP 20817446A EP 4051661 A1 EP4051661 A1 EP 4051661A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- compound
- substituents
- substituent
- carbon atom
- bearing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 250
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229940126062 Compound A Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heterophylliin A Natural products O1C2COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC2C(OC(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)C(O)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- SRRKNRDXURUMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium disulfide Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-][S-] SRRKNRDXURUMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 212
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 claims description 62
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 53
- -1 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 41
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005014 poly(hydroxyalkanoate) Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000903 polyhydroxyalkanoate Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004634 thermosetting polymer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008396 flotation agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004693 Polybenzimidazole Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004697 Polyetherimide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000162 poly(ureaurethane) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002480 polybenzimidazole Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical compound CCOC(S)=S ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012991 xanthate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 13
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 10
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 9
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229940028356 diethylene glycol monobutyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 6
- JCGNDDUYTRNOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolane-2,4-dione Chemical compound O=C1COC(=O)C1 JCGNDDUYTRNOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920006295 polythiol Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 6
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000006136 alcoholysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Superoxide Chemical compound [O-][O] OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 4
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)O LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- XXQBEVHPUKOQEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium superoxide Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][O-] XXQBEVHPUKOQEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 4
- PBKONEOXTCPAFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1 PBKONEOXTCPAFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QPRQEDXDYOZYLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutan-1-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)CO QPRQEDXDYOZYLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RZKSECIXORKHQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heptan-3-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(O)CC RZKSECIXORKHQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910012525 LiSH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical group CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- HXQGSILMFTUKHI-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;sulfanide Chemical compound S[Li] HXQGSILMFTUKHI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229960004063 propylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetralin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCCCC2=C1 CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DSNHSQKRULAAEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Diethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=C(CC)C=C1 DSNHSQKRULAAEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BBMCTIGTTCKYKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-heptanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCO BBMCTIGTTCKYKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CETWDUZRCINIHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-heptanol Chemical compound CCCCCC(C)O CETWDUZRCINIHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WFRBDWRZVBPBDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-2-pentanol Chemical compound CCCC(C)(C)O WFRBDWRZVBPBDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MXLMTQWGSQIYOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-2-butanol Chemical compound CC(C)C(C)O MXLMTQWGSQIYOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FRDAATYAJDYRNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-3-pentanol Chemical compound CCC(C)(O)CC FRDAATYAJDYRNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NZPGYIBESMMUFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylhexan-3-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)C(O)CC NZPGYIBESMMUFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJJWOSAXNHWBPR-HUBLWGQQSA-N 5-[(3as,4s,6ar)-2-oxo-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrothieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl]-n-(6-hydrazinyl-6-oxohexyl)pentanamide Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)NCCCCCC(=O)NN)SC[C@@H]21 IJJWOSAXNHWBPR-HUBLWGQQSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FFWSICBKRCICMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-2-hexanone Chemical compound CC(C)CCC(C)=O FFWSICBKRCICMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001191 butyl (2R)-2-hydroxypropanoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930188620 butyrolactone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-NJFSPNSNSA-N carbon disulfide-14c Chemical compound S=[14C]=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001924 cycloalkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001925 cycloalkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- UKPGCPIEUXKREW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloromethane;n,n-dimethylacetamide Chemical compound ClCCl.CN(C)C(C)=O UKPGCPIEUXKREW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002897 diene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCCOCCO XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QNVRIHYSUZMSGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(C)O QNVRIHYSUZMSGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)O ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDPXOGYCOOUWOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)O KDPXOGYCOOUWOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N holmium atom Chemical compound [Ho] KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940117955 isoamyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium acetate Chemical compound [Li+].CC([O-])=O XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N lutetium atom Chemical compound [Lu] OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 229940087646 methanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Substances CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940057867 methyl lactate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001047 methyl salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cycloheptane Natural products CC1CCCCCC1 GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DFOXKPDFWGNLJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pinacolyl alcohol Chemical compound CC(O)C(C)(C)C DFOXKPDFWGNLJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004237 preparative chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- VQMWBBYLQSCNPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N promethium atom Chemical compound [Pm] VQMWBBYLQSCNPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KIWATKANDHUUOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)C(C)O KIWATKANDHUUOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000956 solid--liquid extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium atom Chemical compound [Tb] GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004418 trolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006305 unsaturated polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003673 urethanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vertaline Natural products C1C2C=3C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=3OC(C=C3)=CC=C3CCC(=O)OC1CC1N2CCCC1 PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003738 xylenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CHJMFFKHPHCQIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;octanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC([O-])=O CHJMFFKHPHCQIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C321/00—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides
- C07C321/24—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides, or polysulfides having thio groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C321/26—Thiols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C321/00—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides
- C07C321/02—Thiols having mercapto groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C321/06—Thiols having mercapto groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a saturated carbon skeleton containing rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C321/00—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides
- C07C321/22—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides, or polysulfides having thio groups bound to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
- C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
- C08J11/06—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers without chemical reactions
- C08J11/08—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers without chemical reactions using selective solvents for polymer components
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L11/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of chloroprene
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for upgrading brominated flame retardants. More particularly, the present invention relates to a process for upgrading brominated flame retardants contained in a plastic material. The present invention also relates to polythiol compounds obtained by virtue of the present process and which can be used in various applications.
- plastic material consisting essentially of polystyrene.
- applications US 2017/0298207 and WO 2015/000681 describe processes for recycling polystyrene by the liquid route, that is to say involving the use of a solvent.
- Methods of recycling polyurethane another plastic material frequently used for the implementation of numerous devices are also known.
- Yang et al. Procedia Environmental Sciences 16 (2012) 167-175 which describes the different methods of recycling polyurethane (chemical, physical or landfill).
- the present invention relates to a process for upgrading brominated flame retardants comprising the steps of: a) providing a plastic material comprising a flame retardant A consisting of a carbon chain substituted by at least two carbon atoms.
- the present process makes it possible to recover the brominated flame retardants contained in a plastic material and to use them in various applications.
- the present process avoids the dispersion of brominated compounds in the environment while enhancing all the products resulting from the various stages of the process.
- the present invention thus provides an eco-responsible process for upgrading plastic material.
- R 1 is H and R 2 and R 3 are independently of one another C 1 -C 10 alkyl.
- R 1 is H and R 2 and R 3 are independently of one another C 1 -C 4 alkyl.
- the plastic material consists of a thermosetting polymer selected from the group consisting of polyester, polyurethane, polyurea / polyurethane, phenol-formaldehyde resin, melamine resin, epoxy resin, polyimide; or the plastic material consists of a thermoplastic polymer selected from the group consisting of poly- (methyl methacrylate), acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene (ABS), polyamide, polylactic acid, polyhydroxyalkanoate, polybenzimidazole, polycarbonate, polyether sulfone, polyoxymethylene, polyetheretherketone, polyetherimide, polyethylene, polyphenylene oxide, polyphenylene sulfide, polypropylene, polystyrene, poly (vinyl chloride), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
- a thermosetting polymer selected from the group consisting of polyester, polyurethane, polyurea / polyure
- step b) comprises a step of depolymerizing or dissolving said plastic material to recover a composition comprising said flame retardant A.
- step c) is carried out at a temperature of 20 ° C to 150 ° C and at a pressure of 1 bar absolute to 15 bar absolute.
- compound A ′ is NaSH or KSH.
- step c) is carried out in the presence of FhS, preferably the H2S / A 'molar ratio is less than 0.4.
- FhS preferably the H2S / A 'molar ratio is less than 0.4.
- step c) is carried out in a reactor; and prior to bringing said flame retardant A into contact with said compound A ′, a stream comprising an inert gas is introduced into the reactor.
- a stream comprising an inert gas is introduced into the reactor prior to bringing the flame retardant into contact with the compound A '. It has been found that the presence of oxygen promotes the formation of impurities such as disulfide compounds or sulfur polymers.
- said carbon chain of said flame retardant A comprises from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from 5 to 15 carbon atoms.
- said flame retardant A is a C3-C20 alkyl at least substituted by two bromine atoms, C3-C20 alkenyl at least substituted by two bromine atoms, C3-C20 alkynyl at least substituted by two atoms of bromine, C3-C20 cycloalkyl at least substituted by two atoms of bromine, C3-C20 cycloalkenyl at least substituted by two atoms of bromine, C6-C20 aryl at least substituted by two atoms of bromine or one ether in C3- C 2 o at least substituted by two bromine atoms.
- said flame retardant A is selected from the compounds Al, A-2, A-3, A-4, A-5, A-6, A-7, A-8 and A-9
- said compound B is selected from the group consisting of compounds B1, B-2, B-3, B-4, B-5, B-6, B-7, B-8 and B -9
- compound A is compound Al and compound B is compound B1 in which at least two R substituents are -SH; preferably compound B is compound B1 in which at least three R substituents are -SH; more preferably compound B is compound B1 in which at least four R substituents are -SH; in particular compound B is compound B1 in which at least five R substituents are -SH; more particularly the compound B is the compound B1 in which all the substituents R are -SH.
- said compound B is selected from the group consisting of compounds B1, B-2, B-3, B-4, B-5, B-6, B-7 B-8 and B- 9 as defined above wherein the R substituent is -SH.
- the present invention relates to the use of compound B according to the present invention as a crosslinking or vulcanizing agent, reagent for the preparation of sulfur compounds such as thiourethanes, polysulfides and others, transfer agent chain, metal complexing agent, mineral flotation agent, antioxidant, heat stabilizer.
- the present invention relates to a process for upgrading brominated flame retardants. Thanks to the present invention, the brominated flame retardants are recovered and transformed into polythiols, the latter being able to be used in numerous applications.
- the present method comprises providing a plastic material comprising a flame retardant A consisting of a carbon chain substituted by at least two bromine atoms.
- the plastic material consists of a thermosetting polymer or a thermoplastic polymer.
- the plastic material consists of a thermosetting polymer selected from the group consisting of polyester, polyurethane, polyurea / polyurethane, phenol-formaldehyde resin, melamine resin, epoxy resin, polyimide.
- the plastic material consists of a thermosetting polymer selected from the group consisting of polyester and polyurethane.
- the plastic material consists of a thermoplastic polymer selected from the group consisting of poly- (methyl methacrylate), acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene (ABS), polyamide, polylactic acid, polyhydroxyalkanoate, polybenzimidazole, polycarbonate, polyether sulfone, polyoxymethylene , polyetheretherketone, polyetherimide, polyethylene, polyphenylene oxide, polyphenylene sulfide, polypropylene, polystyrene, poly- (vinyl chloride), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
- a thermoplastic polymer selected from the group consisting of poly- (methyl methacrylate), acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene (ABS), polyamide, polylactic acid, polyhydroxyalkanoate, polybenzimidazole, polycarbonate, polyether sulfone, polyoxymethylene , poly
- the plastic material consists of a thermoplastic polymer selected from the group consisting of poly (methyl methacrylate), acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene (ABS), polyamide, polycarbonate, polyetheretherketone, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, poly - (vinyl chloride), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
- a thermoplastic polymer selected from the group consisting of poly (methyl methacrylate), acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene (ABS), polyamide, polycarbonate, polyetheretherketone, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, poly - (vinyl chloride), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
- said flame retardant A consists of a carbon chain substituted by at least two bromine atoms.
- Said carbon chain of said flame retardant A advantageously comprises from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from 5 to 15 carbon atoms.
- said flame retardant A is a C 3 -C 20 alkyl at least substituted by two bromine atoms, C 3 -C 20 alkenyl at least substituted by two bromine atoms, C 3 -C 20 alkynyl at least substituted by two bromine atoms, C 3 -C 20 cycloalkyl at least substituted by two bromine atoms, C 3 -C 20 cycloalkenyl at least substituted by two bromine atoms, C 6 -C 20 aryl at least substituted by two bromine atoms or a C 3 -C 20 ether at least substituted by two bromine atoms.
- said flame retardant A is a C 5 -C 15 alkyl at least substituted by two bromine atoms, C 5 -C 15 alkenyl at least substituted by two bromine atoms, C 5 -C 15 alkynyl at least substituted by two bromine atoms, C 5 -C 15 cycloalkyl at least substituted by two bromine atoms, C 5 -C 15 cycloalkenyl at least substituted by two bromine atoms, C 6 -C 15 aryl at least substituted by two bromine atoms or a C 5 - C 15 ether at least substituted by two bromine atoms.
- alkyl denotes a monovalent radical derived from an alkane, linear or branched, comprising the number of carbon atoms specified.
- cycloalkyl denotes a monovalent radical derived from a cycloalkane comprising the specified number of carbon atoms.
- aryl denotes a monovalent radical derived from an arene comprising the specified number of carbon atoms.
- alkenyl denotes a monovalent radical comprising the specified number of carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond.
- alkynyl denotes a monovalent radical comprising the specified number of carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon triple bond.
- cycloalkenyl refers to a monovalent radical derived from a cycloalkene comprising the specified number of carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond in its cyclic part.
- the radical constituting the carbon chain of said flame retardant may or may not be substituted by one or more substituents other than bromine atoms.
- the substituent (s) can be selected from -OH, halogen other than Br, -NR a C (0) R b , -C (0) NR a R b -CN, - N0 2 , -NR a R b , -OR a , -SR a , -C0 2 R a , -OC (0) OR a , -C (0) H, -C (0) R a , where R a and R b are independently of each other hydrogen, unsubstituted C1-C20 alkyl, unsubstituted C2-C20 alkenyl, unsubstituted C2-C20 alkynyl, unsubstituted C3-C20 cycloalkyl, C3- cycloalkenyl Unsubstituted C20, unsub
- ether refers to compounds of the formula R c -O-R d in which R c and R d are independently of each other C3-C20 alkyl, C3-C20 alkenyl, C1-C20 alkynyl.
- said flame retardant may comprise from 2 to 15 bromine atoms, advantageously from 2 to 14 bromine atoms, preferably from 2 to 13 bromine atoms, more preferably from 2 to 12 atoms bromine, in particular from 2 to 11 bromine atoms, more particularly from 2 to 10 bromine atoms.
- said flame retardant A is selected from the compounds Al, A-2, A-3, A-4, A-5, A-6, A-7, A-8 and A-9 More particularly preferably, said flame retardant A is selected by the compounds Al, A-2 and A-6.
- said flame retardant A is the compound A-2.
- said flame retardant A is the compound A-1 or A-6.
- the plastic material consists of a thermoplastic polymer selected from the group consisting of poly (methyl methacrylate), acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene (ABS), polyamide, polycarbonate, polyetheretherketone, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, poly - (vinyl chloride), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
- said flame retardant A is compound Al or A-6.
- the plastic material consists of a thermoplastic polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene and polyamide
- said flame retardant A is compound A-6.
- the plastic material consists of a thermoplastic polymer selected from the group consisting of polystyrene and acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene (ABS)
- said flame retardant A is compound Al.
- the present process comprises a step b) of recovering a composition comprising said flame retardant A.
- step b) comprises a step of depolymerizing or dissolving said plastic material to recover a composition. comprising said flame retardant A.
- step b) comprises the steps of: b) depolymerizing or dissolving said plastic material to form a mixture comprising said flame retardant A and residues of the plastic material; b2) purification of said mixture obtained in step b1) to form said composition comprising said flame retardant A;
- step b1) preferably implements a depolymerization step.
- Said depolymerization can be carried out by alcoholysis, hydrolysis, ammonolysis or aminolysis reactions.
- the alcoholysis reaction involves contacting the plastic with an alcohol.
- the alcohol has a boiling point between 30 ° C and 350 ° C, advantageously between 50 ° C and 325 ° C, preferably between 60 ° C and 300 ° C.
- the alcohol is selected from glycerol, methanol or a glycol compound.
- said glycol compound has a molecular weight of less than 1000 g / mol, in particular less than 500 g / mol.
- the glycol compound is selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, di-, tri-, tetra -1, 2-propylene glycol, butanediol and hexanediol.
- the molar ratio between the alcohol and the unit - [R 1 -NH-CO-0-R 2 ] - is between 1/1 and 5/1, advantageously between 1/1 and 4/1, preferably between 1 / 1 and 3/1, in particular between 1/1 and 2/1.
- Said alcoholysis reaction can be carried out in the presence of an amine of formula R 3 n NH 3 - n in which R 3 is an alkyl radical comprising from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, optionally substituted by one or more OH groups or one or more NH2 groups; and n is 1 or 2. If the amine comprises several R 3 groups as defined above, these may be identical or different or linked to one another to form a heterocycle.
- said amine is of formula R 3 n NH3- n in which R 3 is an alkyl radical comprising from 1 to 4 carbon atoms substituted by one or more OH groups or one or more NH2 groups; n being as defined above.
- said amine can be a compound whose molecular weight is less than 200 g / mol, preferably less than 150 g / mol. More particularly, said amine can be chosen from methanol amine, ethanol amine, diethanol amine, dipropanol amine and triethanol amine and combinations thereof. Alternatively, said amine can be HMTA (ie hexamethylenetetramine) or diamines such as ethylenediamine or hexamethylenediamine.
- the alcoholysis reaction can also be carried out in the presence of a catalyst.
- Said catalyst can be an acetate of an alkali metal such as lithium acetate, sodium acetate or potassium acetate.
- the amount of catalyst can be between 0.01% and 5% relative to the weight of polyurethane, advantageously between 0.1% and 5% by weight, preferably between 0.5% and 5% by weight and more preferably between 1% and 5% by weight.
- the implementation of depolymerization by alcoholysis results in the formation of polyol compounds and optionally of urethane compounds.
- the hydrolysis reaction involves contacting the plastic with water.
- the step of depolymerizing the polyurethane by hydrolysis is preferably carried out at high pressure, advantageously at a pressure greater than 2 bar absolute, preferably greater than 5 bar absolute, in particular greater than 10 bar absolute.
- the step of depolymerizing the polyurethane by hydrolysis is preferably carried out at a temperature of 100 ° C to 300 ° C, preferably 150 ° C to 300 ° C.
- the water is at least partly in the form of water vapor.
- the reaction time for this hydrolysis step is 1 minute to 5 hours, preferably 5 minutes to 2 hours, in particular 10 minutes to 1 hour. Carrying out the depolymerization by hydrolysis results in the formation of polyol compounds, of amine compounds and of CO 2.
- the step of depolymerizing the plastic material can be carried out in the presence of NH3 (ammonolysis reaction), of a primary amine or of a secondary amine (aminolysis reaction).
- the primary or secondary amine is preferably of formula R 4 R 5 R 6 N in which R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are independently of each other selected from H, C 1 -C 10 alkyl substituted or not by a group NH2 and C 1 -C 10 alkenyl substituted or unsubstituted by an NH 2 group, preferably H, C 1 -C 5 alkyl substituted or not by an NH2 group and C 1 -C 5 alkenyl substituted or not by an NH 2 group; with the proviso that at least one of the groups R 4 , R 5 or R 6 represents a hydrogen and that R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are not simultaneously a hydrogen.
- the amine can be diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine. This step can be carried out at a temperature between
- step b1) is carried out by bringing said plastic material into contact with an organic solvent SI capable of dissolving said plastic material.
- this dissolution step can be carried out at a temperature ranging from 10 ° C to 150 ° C, preferably from 20 ° C to 100 ° C.
- said organic solvent S1 is selected from the group consisting of n-octane, n-dodecane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, benzene, toluene, naphthalene, styrene, o-xylene, ethylbenzene, p-diethylbenzene, p- cymene, chloromethane, 1,1-dichloroethylene, ethylene dichloride, chloroform, 1,1-dichloroethane, trichlorethylene, carbon tetrachloride, chlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, dibenzyl ether, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, diethyl ketone, acetophenone, methyl isobutyl ket
- step b1) when the plastic material consists of polystyrene, step b1) is carried out by thermal depolymerization.
- said plastic material is preferably heated to a temperature between 200 ° C and 500 ° C. At such a temperature, the polystyrene is in the molten state and then depolymerizes.
- the depolymerization can be carried out in the presence of a radical initiator, advantageously a radical initiator of the peroxide type.
- the radical initiator is selected from the group consisting of an organic peroxide, an inorganic peroxide or superoxide such as barium peroxide.
- step b1) when the plastic material consists of poly (methyl methacrylate), step b1) can be carried out by thermal depolymerization, preferably at a temperature of 200 ° C. to 500 ° C. vs. At such a temperature, the poly (methyl methacrylate) is in the solid or molten state.
- the depolymerization can be carried out in the presence of a radical initiator, advantageously a radical initiator of the peroxide type.
- the radical initiator is selected from the group consisting of an organic peroxide, an inorganic peroxide or superoxide such as barium peroxide (BaCh), potassium superoxide (K0 2 ), cesium superoxide (CSO 2 ) , a percarbonate, a peroxyhydrate compound, their salts and a mixture thereof.
- H 2 O 2 hydrogen peroxide
- AIBN azobisisobutyronitrile
- step b1) can be carried out by dissolving the latter in an organic solvent S2, capable of dissolving poly- (methyl methacrylate) .
- organic solvent S2 is methyl methacrylate.
- said organic solvent S2 can be selected from the group consisting of toluene, acetone, butanone, cyclohexanone, nitroethane, chloroform, dichloromethane, benzene, chlorobenzene, xylene, methoxybenzene, diethylphthalate, methoxypropyl acetate, ethyl acetate, ethyl lactate and formic acid.
- the dissolution of the poly (methyl methacrylate) is carried out at a temperature of 20 ° C to 200 ° C, preferably 25 ° C to 100 ° C, preferably 30 to 80 ° C.
- Dissolution can be carried out under pressure.
- step b1 when said plastic material consists of polyhydroxyalkanoate (i.e. PHA), step b1) is carried out by depolymerization.
- the depolymerization is carried out by hydrolysis or thermally.
- the thermal depolymerization is carried out at a temperature above 100 ° C, advantageously above 150 ° C, preferably above 200 ° C; and less than 400 ° C, preferably less than 300 ° C.
- the thermal depolymerization is carried out in the presence of an inert gas, such as nitrogen, CO2 or argon.
- the thermal depolymerization is carried out at a pressure of less than 1 bar absolute.
- the thermal depolymerization can be carried out under partial vacuum.
- the thermal depolymerization is carried out in the presence of a depolymerization catalyst.
- said depolymerization catalyst is selected from the group consisting of acid catalysts, such as mixed oxides, zeolites, aluminas, titanium or zirconium oxides doped with one or more of the elements P, S, W , B, Nb, Ta.
- step b1) can be carried out by hydrolysis. In this case, step b1) is carried out at a temperature of 20 ° C. to 100 ° C. in the presence of water. The depolymerization of PHA by hydrolysis is to be preferred over the thermal route.
- step b) or b1) when the plastic material consists of polylactic acid, step b) or b1) can be carried out by dissolution or depolymerization.
- the dissolution of polylactic acid can be carried out in the presence of an organic solvent selected from tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, dioxolane, m-cresol, pyridine, N-methylpyrrolidone, butyrolactone, ethyl acetate, propylene carbonate, acetone, acetonitrile, nitrobenzene , dimethylacetamide dichloromethane, chloroform.
- the dissolution of the polylactic acid can be carried out in the presence of an organic solvent such as a lactic acid ester.
- the lactic acid ester can be methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, isopropyl lactate, butyl lactate, hexyl lactate.
- the dissolution step can be followed by a filtration step to remove any particles which are not soluble in the organic solvent.
- the depolymerization of polylactic acid can be carried out by hydrolysis at a temperature of 80 ° C to 180 ° C, preferably 100 ° C to 150 ° C, in particular 120 ° C to 140 ° C. Depolymerization by hydrolysis can be carried out at a pressure of less than 1 bara or at a pressure of 1 bara to 10 bara.
- Depolymerization by hydrolysis can be carried out in the presence of water or of an alkaline solution of NaOH or KOH.
- Depolymerization by hydrolysis can optionally be carried out in the presence of a catalyst such as a Lewis acid chosen from tin octoate, tin lactate, antimony octoate, zinc octoate, APTS or triazabicyclodecene.
- a catalyst such as a Bronsted acid.
- step b1) is carried out by dissolution in an organic solvent S3.
- Step b1) can be carried out at a temperature of 100 ° C to 300 ° C.
- Said organic solvent S3 can be dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, xylenes, tetralin, decalin or 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene.
- step b1) is carried out by depolymerization as described above for the polyurethane.
- step b1 when said plastic material consists of poly (methacryl imide), step b1) is carried out as described above for poly (methyl methacrylate).
- step b1) when said plastic material consists of poly (vinyl chloride) or poly (ethylene / vinyl acetate), step b1) is carried out as described above for a polyolefin
- step b1) a mixture comprising said flame retardant A and residues of the plastic material is generally obtained during this step.
- residues of the plastic material is understood to mean both the dissolved plastic material and the monomeric or polymeric fragments of the plastic material or of other co-products resulting from the depolymerization thereof.
- Step b2) consists of the purification of the mixture obtained in step b1) to form said composition comprising said flame retardant A.
- the purification step may contain distillation, filtration, cold precipitation or by contact with a non-solvent, a liquid-liquid extraction, solid-liquid extraction, membrane or zeolite, molecular sieve or activated carbon purification, or a combination thereof.
- a non-solvent e.g., a non-solvent
- zeolite or molecular sieve or activated carbon e.g., through their general knowledge, will determine the most suitable purification technique. Purification on zeolite or molecular sieve or activated carbon can be used to remove, for example, solvent residues.
- step b2) can be carried out by precipitation of the flame retardant A in the presence of water, taking into account the low solubility thereof in water.
- step b2) can also be carried out by precipitation of the flame retardant A in the presence of acetone or toluene.
- the purification step can also include one or more washing and / or drying steps.
- Said composition comprising said flame retardant A obtained in step b2) can be in solid form or in liquid form.
- the mass content of flame retardant A in said composition is greater than 30%, advantageously greater than 40%, preferably greater than 50%, more preferably greater than 60%, in particular greater than 70%, more particularly greater than 80%, preferably greater than 90%, more preferably greater than 95%.
- a compound A 'selected from the group consisting of Na 2 S 2 , K 2 S 2 , a potassium or sodium alkylxanthate and a compound of formula
- the structure of the carbon chain of flame retardant A ie the number of carbon atoms and its structure (alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, etc.), is not modified by the implementation of step vs).
- the compound B obtained during this step will thus have a carbon chain identical to that of flame retardant A.
- the organic solvent S4 is DMSO or an alcohol of formula R-OH in which R is a linear or branched alkyl comprising from 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the organic solvent S4 is selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, sec-butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, pentan-1-ol, 3-methylbutan-1-ol, 2- methylbutan-1-ol, 2,2-dimethylpropan-1-ol, pentan-3-ol, pentan-2-ol, 3-methylbutan-2-ol, 2-methylbutan-2-ol, hexan-1-ol, hexan-2-ol, hexan-3-ol, 2-methylpentan-l-ol, 3-methylpentan-l-ol, 4-methylpentan-l-ol, 2-methylpentan-2-ol, 3-methylpentan-2-
- the metal alkaline can be Li, Na, K or Cs.
- the alkaline earth metal can be Mg, Ca or Ba.
- rare earth metal mention may in particular be made of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium , ytterbium, lutetium, yttrium and scandium.
- compound A ' is a compound of formula Y-SH in which Y is an alkali metal.
- compound A ' is selected from the group consisting of LiSH, NaSH and KSH.
- step c) also results in the formation of LiBr, NaBr and KBr, respectively.
- the NaBr compound can be upgraded in various processes including that for the production of bromine Br 2 . It is therefore particularly advantageous to use NaSH as compound A 'in the present process.
- step c) is carried out in the presence of H2S.
- the H2S / A 'molar ratio is less than 0.4, more preferably less than 0.3.
- the H2S / A 'molar ratio is from 0.05 to 0.4, more particularly from 0.1 to 0.3.
- compound A ' is NaSH and the EhS / NaSH molar ratio is 0.05 to 0.4, more particularly 0.1 to 0.3.
- step c) is carried out with an oxygen content of less than 1000 ppm, preferably less than 500 ppm, more preferably less than 100 ppm, in particular less than 10 ppm.
- step c) is carried out in the absence of oxygen.
- a gas stream comprising an inert gas is introduced into the reactor.
- compound A and organic solvent S4 are introduced into the reactor, then the reactor is purged with the gas stream comprising an inert gas.
- compound A ′ is introduced into the reactor, optionally with H2S.
- the inert gas is nitrogen.
- the compound A ′ is NaSH or KSH, that can be prepared in situ in the reactor implementing step c).
- NaSH or KSH can be prepared in another reactor and then introduced into the reactor implementing step c) in the form of an aqueous solution or not.
- NaSH is prepared by reaction between NaOH and H 2 S.
- KSH is prepared by reaction between KOH and H 2 S.
- step c) is carried out at a temperature of 20 ° C to 150 ° C, preferably 20 ° C to 100 ° C.
- step c) is carried out at a pressure of 1 bar absolute to 15 bar absolute, more preferably from 1 bar absolute to 7 bar absolute, in particular from 2 to 3 bar absolute.
- step c) is carried out at a temperature of 20 ° C to 150 ° C, preferably 20 ° C to 100 ° C; and at a pressure of 1 bar to 15 bars, preferably 1 bar to 7 bars and in particular 2 bars to 3 bars.
- the temperature may increase during the implementation of step c).
- the temperature can increase in stages while being included in the range mentioned above.
- step c) is carried out for a period of 1 to 100 hours, preferably 2 to 24 hours.
- compound A ′ is introduced stoichiometrically or in excess with respect to the number of substitution of bromine atoms desired on compound A.
- the compound B formed during this step c) consists of at least two functional groups -SH, that is to say that at least two of the bromine atoms of the compound A have been substituted by a functional group - SH.
- said compound B is selected from the group consisting of compounds B1, B-2, B-3, B-4, B-5, B-6, B-7, B-8 and B -9
- R substituents are -SH;
- the nature of the R substituent will also depend on the nature of the compound B.
- C C.
- the R substituents are selected from -SH, -Br or -OH; preferably -SH, -OH.
- the substituents R are independently of each other selected from -SH, -Br or -OH, from preferably -SH or -OH.
- step c) can also be carried out in the presence of NH 3 / NH 4 OH or an alkylamine. This makes it possible to limit the formation of impurities such as sulphides.
- step d Depending on the temperature at which step c) is implemented, the temperature and pressure can be reduced before the implementation of step d).
- step c ′ of bringing the compound B obtained after step c) into contact with an alkali or alkaline hydroxide earthy can be implemented.
- This step can be carried out at a temperature of 20 ° C to 100 ° C and at a pressure of 1 bar absolute to 15 bar absolute.
- the alkali or alkaline earth hydroxide is preferably NaOH, KOH, Ca (OH) 2 or Mg (OH) 2 , in particular NaOH.
- the bromine atoms optionally present on compound B are substituted by a functional group —OH. If Compound A 'is NaSH, it is preferable to use NaOH to form NaBr as well.
- Step c ′) can be simultaneous with step c).
- step c) comprises bringing said flame retardant A into contact in an organic solvent with compound A ′, preferably NaSH, in the presence of an alkali hydroxide, preferably NaOH, and optionally in the presence of H 2 S to form mixture C comprising said compound B.
- compound A is compound Al and compound B is compound B1 in which at least two R substituents are -SH; preferably compound B is compound B1 in which at least three R substituents are -SH; more preferably compound B is compound B1 in which at least four R substituents are -SH; in particular compound B is compound B1 in which at least five R substituents are -SH; more particularly the compound B is the compound B1 in which all the substituents R are -SH.
- compound B-1 is any one of the compounds listed below in Table la; more particularly compound B-1 is any one of the compounds (devoid of bromine atoms) listed below in Table lb.
- Each row represents a compound B-1 in which the R substituents are as mentioned in the row regardless of their position.
- compound B1 is such that two R substituents are -SH and four R substituents are -OH; or such that three R substituents are -SH and three R substituents are - OH; or such that four R substituents are -SH and two R substituents are -OH; or such that five R substituents are -SH and one R substituent is -OH or such that six R substituents are -SH.
- compound A is compound A-2 and compound B is compound B-2 in which at least two R substituents are -SH; preferably compound B is compound B-2 in which at least three R substituents are -SH; more preferably, compound B is compound B-2 in which all of the R substituents are -SH.
- compound B-2 is any one of the compounds listed below in Table 2:
- Each row represents a series of compounds B-2 in which the R substituents are as mentioned in the row regardless of their position.
- the last row of Table 2 describes a compound B-2 in which two R substituents are -SH, two R substituents are -OH.
- compound B-2 is such that two R substituents are -SH and two R substituents are -OH; or such that three R substituents are -SH and one R substituent is -OH; or such that four R substituents are -SH.
- compound A is compound A-6 and compound B is compound B-6 in which at least two R substituents are -SH; preferably compound B is compound B-6 in which at least three R substituents are -SH; more preferably compound B is compound B-6 in which at least four R substituents are -SH; in particular compound B is compound B-6 in which at least five R substituents are -SH; more particularly compound B is compound B-6 in which at least six R substituents are -SH; preferably, compound B is compound B-6 in which at least seven R substituents are -SH; advantageously, compound B is compound B-6 in which at least eight R substituents are -SH; preferably, compound B is compound B-6 in which at least nine R substituents are -SH; in a particularly preferred manner, compound B is compound B-6 in which all of the R substituents are -SH.
- compound B-6 is any one of the compounds listed below in Table 3.
- Each row represents a series of compounds B-6 in which the R substituents are as mentioned in the row regardless of their position.
- the last row of Table 3 describes a compound B-6 in which two R substituents are -SH, eight R substituents are -OH.
- compound B-6 is such that two R substituents are -SH and eight R substituents are -OH; or such that three R substituents are -SH and seven R substituents are - OH; or such that four R substituents are -SH and six R substituents are -OH; or such that five R substituents are -SH and five R substituents are -OH; or such that six R substituents are -SH and four R substituents are -OH; or such that seven R substituents are -SH and three R substituents are -OH; or such that eight R substituents are -SH and two R substituents are -OH; or such that nine R substituents are -SH and one R substituent is -OH; or such that ten R substituents are - SH.
- step c) results in the formation of a mixture C comprising said compound B, and optionally the unreacted compound A and the unreacted compound A ′.
- mixture C can also contain H 2 S, HBr, H 2 0, solvent S4, residues linked to the presence of NH 3 / NH 4 OH or amines.
- Mixture C can also have by-products such as disulphide or sulphide compounds.
- the mixture C obtained in step c) or c ′) is recovered and purified.
- the purification step d) to be carried out depends on the products contained in the mixture C.
- Step d) makes it possible to recover said purified compound B.
- the separation can be carried out by the usual separation techniques in the technical field, for example a distillation, crystallization, preparative chromatography, filtration or liquid-liquid extraction.
- Compound B can also be purified by conventional methods also well known to those skilled in the art and for example chosen from purification on ion exchange resins, filtration on activated carbon, diatomaceous earth or zeolites, chromatographic separation, crystallization, extraction. , washing, precipitation, and others.
- step d) comprises a step of acidifying the mixture C.
- the acidification can for example be carried out with HCl or acetic acid.
- the mixture thus obtained can be washed, for example with the organic solvent S4 as defined above, then dried or filtered (for example on activated carbon) then dried.
- Step d) thus makes it possible to recover said compound B with a purity greater than 90%, advantageously greater than 92%, preferably greater than 94%, more preferably greater than 96%, in particular greater than 98%, more particularly greater at 99%.
- step d) makes it possible to recover said compound B with a purity greater than 90%, advantageously greater than 92%, preferably greater than 94%, more preferably greater than 96%, in particular greater than 98%, more particularly greater than 99%; said compound B being compound B-1, B-2 or B-6 as described in the present application.
- the present invention relates to the preparation of polythiol compounds, that is to say comprising several, ie at least two, functional groups —SH on its carbon chain.
- Compound A ' can be selected from the group consisting of LiSH, NaSH and KSH.
- a compound selected from the group consisting of LiBr, NaBr and KBr is formed.
- the compound A ′ is NaSH and the NaBr compound is also formed.
- the present process is carried out at a temperature of 20 ° C to 150 ° C, in particular of 20 ° C to 100 ° C, and at a pressure of 1 bar absolute to 15 bar absolute, more preferably 1 bar. bar to 7 bars, in particular from 2 to 3 bars.
- compound A ′ is introduced stoichiometrically or in excess with respect to the number of substitution of bromine atoms desired in compound A.
- the organic solvent can be selected from the organic solvent S4 described above.
- the process for preparing compound B can also be carried out in the presence of H 2 S.
- the H2S / A 'molar ratio is less than 0.4, more preferably less than 0.3.
- the H 2 S / A 'molar ratio is from 0.05 to 0.4, more particularly from 0.1 to 0.3.
- the compound A ′ is NaSH and the H 2 S / NaSH molar ratio is from 0.05 to 0.4, more particularly from 0.1 to 0.3.
- the process for preparing compound B can also be carried out with an oxygen content as described above in step c) of the process according to the first aspect of the present invention.
- the process for preparing compound B can also comprise step c ′) as described above for the process according to the first aspect of the present invention.
- the present process can therefore allow the preparation of a compound B of formula B1, B-2, B-3, B-4, B-5, B-6, B-7, B-8 or B-9 such as defined above in step c) of the method according to the first aspect of the present invention.
- Compound B can also be purified as described above in step d) of the upgrading process according to the present invention.
- compound B is compound B-1 as defined above in step c) of the process for upgrading brominated flame retardants.
- compound B is compound B-2 as defined above in step c) of the process for upgrading brominated flame retardants.
- compound B is compound B-3 in which at least two R substituents are -SH; preferably compound B is compound B-3 in which at least three R substituents are -SH; more preferably compound B is compound B-3 in which at least four R substituents are -SH; in particular compound B is compound B-3 in which at least five R substituents are -SH; more particularly compound B is compound B-3 in which all of the R substituents are -SH.
- the remaining R substituents of compound B-3 are independently selected from -OH and Br; preferably -OH.
- compound B is compound B-4 in which at least two R substituents are -SH; preferably compound B is compound B-4 in which at least three R substituents are -SH; more preferably, compound B is compound B-4 in which all of the R substituents are -SH.
- compound B is compound B-5 in which at least two R substituents are -SH; preferably compound B is compound B-5 in which at least three R substituents are -SH; more preferably compound B is compound B-5 in which at least four R substituents are -SH; in particular compound B is compound B-5 in which all of the R substituents are -SH.
- the remaining R substituents of compound B-5 are independently selected from -OH and Br; preferably -OH.
- compound B is compound B-6 as defined above in step c) of the process for upgrading brominated flame retardants.
- compound B is compound B-7 in which at least two R substituents are -SH; preferably compound B is compound B-7 in which at least three R substituents are -SH; more preferably compound B is compound B-7 in which at least four R substituents are -SH; in particular compound B is compound B-7 in which at least five R substituents are -SH; more particularly compound B is compound B-7 in which at least six R substituents are -SH; preferably, compound B is compound B-7 in which at least seven R substituents are -SH; advantageously, compound B is compound B-7 in which all of the R substituents are -SH.
- the remaining R substituents of compound B-7 are independently selected from -OH and Br; preferably -OH.
- compound B is compound B-8 in which at least two R substituents are -SH; preferably compound B is compound B-8 in which at least three R substituents are -SH; more preferably, compound B is compound B-8 in which at least four R substituents are -SH; in particular compound B is compound B-8 in which all of the R substituents are -SH.
- the remaining R substituents of compound B-8 are independently selected from -OH and Br; preferably -OH.
- compound B is compound B-9 in which all of the R substituents are -SH.
- the present invention relates to the use of compound B according to the present invention as a crosslinking or vulcanizing agent, reagent for the preparation of sulfur compounds such as thiourethanes, polysulfides and others, transfer agent chain, metal complexing agent, mineral flotation agent, antioxidant, heat stabilizer.
- the present application also relates to the use of compounds B obtained by the process according to the invention, as crosslinking agents in the preparation of adhesives, glues, sealants, coatings of the epoxy resin, acrylates, isocyanates and other type.
- the B compounds obtained by the process according to the invention can also be used as reagents in thiolenic reactions. Indeed, the presence of sulfhydryl groups with variable reactivity makes it possible to adjust the kinetics of the addition reaction of the thiol function on a diene group.
- the compounds B obtained by the process according to the invention can also be used for the preparation of thiourethanes. Indeed, by reacting polythiols whose content of thiol functions is controlled, thiourethane compounds are obtained with a chemical structure and performance different from those which would have been obtained from polythiols synthesized either by the radical route or by the acid catalytic route. classic.
- the B compounds obtained by the process according to the invention can also be used for the synthesis of polysulfides. Indeed, by oxidation with sulfur, it is possible to obtain polysulphide compounds which can be used as additives for lubricants or for rubber. With the polythiols obtained by the process according to the invention, due to the difference in steric hindrance at the level of the sulfur bonds, the polysulfides formed offer variable reactivities.
- the compounds B obtained by the process according to the invention can act as chain transfer agents during the synthesis of polymers from monomers such as, for example, vinyl monomers, conjugated diene monomers, acrylic monomers. , methacrylic monomers, and mixtures of two or more of them in all proportions.
- monomers such as, for example, vinyl monomers, conjugated diene monomers, acrylic monomers. , methacrylic monomers, and mixtures of two or more of them in all proportions.
- the compounds B obtained by the process of the present invention can also be used as crosslinking agents for natural, artificial or synthetic rubbers, for unsaturated polymers (unsaturated polyesters), as agents of complexing of metals, mineral flotation agents, as oxygen scavengers, as corrosion inhibitors and others.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1912167A FR3102768B1 (fr) | 2019-10-30 | 2019-10-30 | Procédé de valorisation de retardateurs de flamme bromés |
| PCT/FR2020/051932 WO2021084197A1 (fr) | 2019-10-30 | 2020-10-26 | Procédé de valorisation de retardateurs de flamme bromés |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4051661A1 true EP4051661A1 (fr) | 2022-09-07 |
Family
ID=69375566
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20817446.6A Withdrawn EP4051661A1 (fr) | 2019-10-30 | 2020-10-26 | Procédé de valorisation de retardateurs de flamme bromés |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20220388951A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4051661A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2023500614A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN114616222A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3102768B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2021084197A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2996516A (en) * | 1957-09-26 | 1961-08-15 | Union Carbide Corp | Chemical compounds containing sulfur and spirobi (meta-dioxane) groups |
| DE2231529A1 (de) * | 1972-06-28 | 1974-01-10 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von polyurethanschaumstoffen |
| US4352909A (en) * | 1980-08-20 | 1982-10-05 | Ferro Corporation | Process for the bromination of polystyrenes |
| JPH07788B2 (ja) * | 1984-10-30 | 1995-01-11 | 丸菱油化工業株式会社 | 難燃剤組成物 |
| CA2015944A1 (fr) * | 1989-06-01 | 1990-12-01 | Joseph Green | Composition thermoplastique de phenylphosphate polybromes ignifuges |
| DE4330735A1 (de) * | 1993-09-10 | 1995-03-16 | Wacker Chemie Gmbh | Hydrophile Gruppen aufweisende Organopolysiloxane |
| US5481042A (en) * | 1994-04-11 | 1996-01-02 | Great Lakes Chemical Corp. | Processes producing methyl mercaptan |
| JPH0812852A (ja) * | 1994-06-30 | 1996-01-16 | Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc | 難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物および難燃剤組成物の製造方法 |
| JP2001072795A (ja) * | 1999-09-06 | 2001-03-21 | Nkk Corp | 難燃剤成分を含む廃プラスチックの処理方法 |
| JP2002285002A (ja) * | 2001-03-23 | 2002-10-03 | Sankyo Organic Chem Co Ltd | 難燃化熱可塑性樹脂組成物 |
| JPWO2003011956A1 (ja) * | 2001-07-31 | 2004-12-02 | 株式会社サンエス | 難燃剤含有ポリスチレン系プラスチックを含むプラスチック系廃棄物の処理方法及び処理装置 |
| JP4551722B2 (ja) * | 2004-09-07 | 2010-09-29 | 三協化成株式会社 | ペンタブロモチオフェノールの製造方法 |
| WO2013135701A1 (fr) * | 2012-03-13 | 2013-09-19 | Basf Se | Synthèse de polyphénolbisulfures |
| DE102013212813A1 (de) | 2013-07-01 | 2015-01-08 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verfahren zur Anreicherung von mindestens einem Polymer aus einem Polymer-haltigen Abfall und Polymer-Recyclat |
| KR102314967B1 (ko) | 2014-10-03 | 2021-10-20 | 폴리스타이버트 인크. | 폴리스타이렌 폐기물 재생 공정 |
| CN105713640B (zh) | 2016-04-25 | 2017-08-25 | 华中科技大学 | 采用废聚烯烃类塑料与溴系阻燃废塑料制备热解油的方法 |
| CN109268849A (zh) | 2018-10-27 | 2019-01-25 | 山东默锐环境产业股份有限公司 | 一种低温焚烧炉以及溴系阻燃剂尾料处理及溴回收装置 |
-
2019
- 2019-10-30 FR FR1912167A patent/FR3102768B1/fr active Active
-
2020
- 2020-10-26 WO PCT/FR2020/051932 patent/WO2021084197A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2020-10-26 EP EP20817446.6A patent/EP4051661A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2020-10-26 JP JP2022524186A patent/JP2023500614A/ja active Pending
- 2020-10-26 CN CN202080075490.5A patent/CN114616222A/zh active Pending
- 2020-10-26 US US17/771,598 patent/US20220388951A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20220388951A1 (en) | 2022-12-08 |
| CN114616222A (zh) | 2022-06-10 |
| FR3102768A1 (fr) | 2021-05-07 |
| JP2023500614A (ja) | 2023-01-10 |
| WO2021084197A1 (fr) | 2021-05-06 |
| FR3102768B1 (fr) | 2022-12-16 |
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