EP4045732A1 - Panel for producing self-locking floor covering - Google Patents

Panel for producing self-locking floor covering

Info

Publication number
EP4045732A1
EP4045732A1 EP20845415.7A EP20845415A EP4045732A1 EP 4045732 A1 EP4045732 A1 EP 4045732A1 EP 20845415 A EP20845415 A EP 20845415A EP 4045732 A1 EP4045732 A1 EP 4045732A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
panel
female
male
coupling means
tenon
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20845415.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Fabien Carpentier
Michel WENGRYN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gerflor SAS
Original Assignee
Gerflor SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gerflor SAS filed Critical Gerflor SAS
Publication of EP4045732A1 publication Critical patent/EP4045732A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/02038—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements characterised by tongue and groove connections between neighbouring flooring elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
    • E04F15/105—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials of organic plastics with or without reinforcements or filling materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0138—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels perpendicular to the main plane
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0138—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels perpendicular to the main plane
    • E04F2201/0146—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels perpendicular to the main plane with snap action of the edge connectors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0153—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by rotating the sheets, plates or panels around an axis which is parallel to the abutting edges, possibly combined with a sliding movement
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0153—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by rotating the sheets, plates or panels around an axis which is parallel to the abutting edges, possibly combined with a sliding movement
    • E04F2201/0161—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by rotating the sheets, plates or panels around an axis which is parallel to the abutting edges, possibly combined with a sliding movement with snap action of the edge connectors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/02—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04F2201/023—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with a continuous tongue or groove
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/04—Other details of tongues or grooves
    • E04F2201/042—Other details of tongues or grooves with grooves positioned on the rear-side of the panel
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/04—Other details of tongues or grooves
    • E04F2201/043—Other details of tongues or grooves with tongues and grooves being formed by projecting or recessed parts of the panel layers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of free-standing floor coverings, and more particularly relates to a panel, preferably of polyvinyl chloride, having the shape of a strip or of a tile for the production of such a covering, the assembly of which. is carried out according to a kinematics inclined on a first edge, and vertical on a second adjacent edge.
  • this type of panel comprises two pairs of opposite sides defining:
  • This type of panel is illustrated for example by document EP 3 105392.
  • This document describes a panel having first and second complementary male / female coupling means on opposite pairs of sides to assemble similar panels to form a covering of ground.
  • the coupling means of the short sides have complementary means to oppose vertical disassembly, and external walls inclined relative to a vertical plane and oriented towards the interior of the panel. Assembly is accomplished by tilting the panels along one long side and locking them vertically on one short side.
  • the installer first assembles the long side in an inclined assembly direction, for example at an angle of between 10 ° and 50 ° and, while maintaining the The tilt angle of the panel, he then slides it sideways towards the previous panel until it comes to a stop.
  • the complementary groove of the inclined assembly female edge mating means defines a flexible lower female tongue intended to move apart upon inclined engagement of the tongue of the male coupling means, then to return to its position after engagement to increase resistance to disassembly vertical and horizontal of two adjacent assembled panels and also limit the sliding along the assembly axis of rotation.
  • this type of solution does not allow the assembled panels to withstand the passage of heavy loads, such as the passage of forklifts. Under the effect of this type of load, the panels will tend to slide along the assembly axis of rotation and / or to disassemble along the vertical axis of the sides with vertical assembly.
  • Another known means for limiting the disassembly of panels having a kinematics inclined on a first edge, and vertical on an adjacent second edge, consists in gluing the panels to the support during the laying of the covering. This solution is not appropriate because the installation becomes long and complex and does not generally make it possible either to withstand the passage of heavy loads, such as the passage of forklifts.
  • One of the aims of the invention is therefore to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks by providing a panel for producing a free-standing floor covering, the assembly of which is carried out according to a kinematics inclined on one edge, then vertical on an adjacent edge.
  • Another objective of the invention is to provide a panel exhibiting optimum resistance to horizontal and vertical disassembly and possibly capable of withstanding heavy load passages, while exhibiting a good clipping effect as well as satisfactory aesthetics.
  • a panel has been developed in the form of a blade or slab for the production of a floor covering, the panel comprising two pairs of opposite sides defining:
  • the male coupling means of the vertically assembled edges comprise two parallel grooves extending along the edge and opening onto the underside of the panel, so as to define a male internal groove, a male external groove, a male internal tenon , and a male external post;
  • the female coupling means of the vertically assembled edges comprise two parallel grooves extending along the edge and opening onto the upper face of the panel, so as to define a female internal groove, a female external groove, a female internal tenon , and a female external post;
  • the male coupling means of the vertically assembled edges comprise two lugs and / or notches and the corresponding female coupling means comprise two complementary notches and / or lugs forming, after assembly of two adjacent panels, stop stops at against a vertical displacement between two adjacent assembled panels.
  • the presence of the two tenons at the level of the male and female coupling means of the sides with vertical assembly as well as the two pairs of lugs / notches significantly improve the resistance to stresses due to the sliding of the sides with inclined assembly under the effect. traffic.
  • the two pairs of lugs / notches improve the resistance to vertical disassembly and the two pins at the level of the male and female coupling means improve the resistance to horizontal disassembly.
  • the better resistance of the male and female coupling means of the vertically assembled sides allows them to be produced in a panel thickness of 0.5 to 2 mm less than the thickness of panels in which means conventional can be machined while exhibiting equivalent resistance values to horizontal or even vertical disassembly.
  • the female external tenon comprises a chamfered part at the level of the lower face of the panel and forming an angle of between 2 ° and 20 ° with respect to the underside of the panel, the chamfered part allows the lowering of the female external tenon. during the assembly of two adjacent panels to come, by deformation, into contact with the ground.
  • the male and female external tenons have thicknesses less than or equal to the thicknesses of the male and female internal tenons.
  • the greater thickness of the internal tenons makes it possible to balance the two sides of the assembly means to avoid disassembly.
  • the male and female tenons can be straight or inclined relative to the vertical towards the outside or the inside of the panel.
  • the male and female tenons are inclined towards the outside of the panel. Moreover, this feature makes it easier to assemble two panels together because the grooves open more easily when the tenons are inserted.
  • the male and / or female tenons are inclined at the same angle, in order to facilitate machining, and are inclined for example at an angle between 1 ° and 45 °, and preferably between 5 ° and 15 ° .
  • the lugs or notches are formed on an external wall of the male and / or female external tenon, and in a complementary manner on an internal wall of the female and / or male internal groove.
  • the lugs or notches are formed on an outer wall of the male internal tenon, and in a complementary manner the notches or lugs are formed on an outer wall of the female internal tenon.
  • the male and female grooves of the vertically assembled edges have external walls intended to be in contact in pairs after assembly of two adjacent panels.
  • the male coupling means of the inclined assembly edges comprise a tongue projecting from the side wall, in particular orthogonally, of the panel and over the entire length of the edge, and the female coupling means of the edges.
  • inclined assembly comprise a complementary groove formed in the side wall of the panel and along the entire length of the edge.
  • the tongue comprises a lug projecting vertically
  • the complementary groove comprises a complementary notch forming, after assembly of two adjacent panels, stop stops against a horizontal movement between two assembled adjacent panels.
  • the complementary groove of the female coupling means of the inclined assembly edges defines a flexible lower female tongue intended to move away during the inclined engagement of the tongue of the male coupling means, then to resume its position after engagement. to increase the resistance to vertical and horizontal disassembly of two adjacent assembled panels and thus limit the risks of the panels slipping between them.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of two panels according to the invention, with two opposite edges with inclined assembly, and two opposite edges with vertical assembly.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a particular embodiment of the vertically assembled edges.
  • FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of another particular embodiment of the vertically assembled edges.
  • Figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional view similar to that of Figure 3, the two panels being assembled.
  • Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a particular embodiment of the inclined joint edges of two panels being assembled.
  • FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of another particular embodiment of the inclined joint edges of two panels being assembled.
  • the invention relates to a panel (1) for producing a free-standing floor covering.
  • the floor panel (1) according to the invention is preferably made from a plastic material, such as polyvinyl chloride, for example plasticized, and optionally comprising a mineral filler.
  • a plastic material such as polyvinyl chloride, for example plasticized, and optionally comprising a mineral filler.
  • the panel (1) according to the invention can be obtained in any suitable plastic material.
  • the panel according to the invention is resilient, for example made from plasticized or rigid polyvinyl chloride.
  • the panel has a core linked to a decorative layer consisting of a decorative film linked to a transparent surface layer.
  • the core can be monolayer or multilayer, and made for example from plastic material such as polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyurethane, thermoplastic polyurethane, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, or any other suitable plastic material, and comprising optionally fillers in the form of fibers, shavings, dust or sawdust and / or mineral fillers, for example chalk, lime, talc, and one or more plasticizers in order to define the rigidity of the core.
  • the core, or a core layer in the case of a multi-layered core may optionally be based on urea formalin or melamine formalin and wood, for example layers of medium density fibers (MDF) or fibers of High density (HDF). Each layer can also be a layer of laminated wood, of composite wood (WPC "wood plastic composite" in English).
  • Each layer can be compact or foamed.
  • the core can be made with a rigid polyvinyl chloride foamed layer interposed between two compact rigid polyvinyl chloride layers.
  • the coating according to the invention can also be used as a wall covering.
  • the panel (1) according to the invention is used to produce floor coverings and is advantageous in that it has a pair of vertically assembled sides exhibiting optimum resistance to horizontal disassembly, that is to say that is to say for example greater than 660N / 10cm, allowing it in particular to withstand the passage of heavy loads, such as the passage of forklifts.
  • the panel (1) comprises a rectangular shape and comprises two pairs of opposite sides defining four edges, including two opposite edges with inclined assembly (2), and two other opposite edges with vertical assembly (3).
  • the panel (1) can equally well have a square shape.
  • the assembly of this type of panel (1) is done according to an inclined kinematics on a first edge (2), for example at an angle of between 10 ° and 50 °, and according to a vertical kinematics on a second edge (3) adjacent.
  • the installer places a first line of panels (1), by assembling them side by side according to a vertical assembly kinematics. Then, the installer starts a second line of panels (1) by assembling a first panel (1), according to an inclined kinematics with respect to the panels (1) of the previous line. The following panels (1) of the second line are assembled according to an inclined kinematics with respect to the panels (1) of the previous line and, by a pivoting movement of the panel (1) in the direction of the ground, the panel (1) is assembled to the adjacent panel (1) according to a vertical kinematics.
  • the long sides are assembled according to an inclined kinematics, while the small sides are assembled according to a vertical kinematics.
  • the vertically assembled edges according to the invention require installation with a mallet in order to apply the force necessary for their assembly. In fact, it is preferable that these edges are the shortest so as not to make the installation too tedious or require too much effort.
  • the male coupling means (6) of the vertically assembled edges (3) comprise two parallel grooves extending along the edge and opening onto a lower face of the panel ( 1), so as to define a male internal groove (6a), a male external groove (6b), a male internal tenon (6c), and a male external tenon (6d).
  • a male internal groove (6a) a male external groove (6b), a male internal tenon (6c), and a male external tenon (6d).
  • internal is meant the side of the body of the panel (1), towards the interior
  • by “external” is meant the side of the exterior of the panel (1).
  • the female coupling means (7) of the vertically assembled edges (3) comprise two parallel grooves extending along the edge and opening onto an upper face of the panel, so as to define a female internal groove. (7a), a female external groove (7b), a female internal tenon (7c), and a female external tenon (7d).
  • the male (6c, 6d) and female (7c, 7d) tenons comprise substantially rectangular cross sections, and are flexible and elastically deformable to allow their engagement in the corresponding female (7a, 7b) and male (6a, 6b) grooves.
  • the internal and external walls of the internal female tenons (7c) and / or the internal and external walls of the internal male tenons (6c) have a difference in inclination of less than 15 °, preferably less than 5 ° between the internal wall and external with the same tenon, in order to facilitate their machining. More preferably, the internal and external walls of the internal female tenons (7c) and / or internal male tenons (6c) of the same tenon are parallel.
  • the assembly and horizontal locking of the coupling means is optimized when the internal and external walls of the internal female (7c) and internal male (6c) tenons are all parallel.
  • horizontal disassembly is meant the exercise of a tensile force at the level of each of the panels (1), parallel to the plane defined by the panels (1), in order to separate them from one another.
  • a tensile force is exerted for example, for a floor covering, when heavy loads circulate on two adjacent panels (1), at the level of the border between said two panels (1), for example during the passage of a forklift.
  • the male (6a, 6b) and female (7a, 7b) grooves of the vertically assembled edges (3) each have external walls, that is to say positioned, not on the side of the body of the panel (1), but on the side of the exterior of the panel (1), intended to be in contact in pairs, after assembly of the two panels (1).
  • the grooves and tenons have appropriate widths and / or inclinations.
  • the tenons and grooves have widths of the order of 2 mm, and are inclined by 5 ° relative to the vertical and towards the outside of the panel. More precisely, the panel illustrated in FIG.
  • Pairwise contact means that the outer walls of the male grooves (6a, 6b) are in contact with the outer walls of the female grooves (7a, 7b). In practice, after assembly, these walls in contact are mutually parallel. After assembly, and preferably, at least one male tenon (6c, 6d) is in contact with the bottom of the corresponding female groove (7b, 7a) in order to have a vertical support. Furthermore, after assembly, there is preferably a clearance of a few tenths of a millimeter between the external vertical wall of the female external tenon (7d), located under the notch (9), with the vertical wall facing the male internal groove. (6a), located under the lug (8). This feature facilitates assembly.
  • the male coupling means (6) of the vertically assembled edges (3) comprise two lugs (8) and / or notches (9) and the corresponding female coupling means comprise two notches (9) and / or lugs (8) complementary forming, after assembly of two adjacent panels, stops against a vertical movement between two adjacent panels assembled.
  • the male coupling means (6) of the vertically assembled edges (3) comprise either two lugs (8), or two notches (9), or a lug (8) and a notch (9), suitable for cooperate with, in a complementary manner, either two notches (9), or two lugs (8), or a notch (9) and a lug (8), formed on the female coupling means (7) of the vertically assembled edges (3).
  • the lugs (8) or notches (9) are provided on an external wall of the external male tenon (6d) and / or female (7d), and in a complementary manner on an internal wall of the internal female groove (7a) and / or male (6a).
  • the lugs (8) or notches (9) are, for example, provided on an outer wall of the male internal tenon (6c), and in a complementary manner the notches (9) or lugs (8) are provided on an external wall of the female internal tenon (7c).
  • the male coupling means (6) comprise a lug (8) provided on the outer wall of the male internal lug (6c), and a lug (8) provided on the external wall of the male external tenon (6d)
  • the female coupling means (7) comprise a notch (9) provided on an external wall of the female internal tenon (7c), and a notch (9) formed on an internal wall of the internal female groove (7a).
  • the male coupling means (6) comprise a lug (8) formed on the outer wall of the male outer tenon (6d), and a lug (8) formed on the wall internal of the male internal groove (6a) and, in a complementary manner, the female coupling means (7) comprise a notch (9) provided on an internal wall of the internal female groove (7a), and a notch (9) formed on an external wall of the female external tenon (7d).
  • the female external tenon (7d) comprises a chamfered part (10) at the level of the lower face of the panel (1) and forming an angle of between 2 ° and 20 ° with respect to the face lower panel (1).
  • the chamfered part (10) allows the lowering of the female external tenon (7d) to come, by deformation, into contact with the ground, and thus provide a reduction in the assembly effort.
  • the chamfered part (10) may extend under the female external tenon (7d), or even under the female external groove (7b), or even up to the internal female groove (7a), and this in order to facilitate assembly in making the whole thing more flexible.
  • the upper face of the panel (1) may also have chamfers at the level of the male external tenon (6d) of the vertically assembled edges (3) and of the female internal groove (7a) in order to participate in the general aesthetics. panels (1), after assembly. Each chamfer forms an angle of between 2 ° and 20 ° relative to the upper face of the panel (1). The interface between the two assembled panels thus forms a V-shaped groove, see figure 4.
  • the male (6c, 6d) and female (7c, 7d) tenons are inclined relative to the vertical and towards the outside or inside of the panel (1).
  • This characteristic also makes it possible to facilitate the manufacture, and in particular the machining of the male (6) and female (7) coupling means.
  • the male tenons (6c, 6d) and female (7c, 7d) could form kinds of dovetails, the external faces are inclined towards the outside and the internal faces towards the inside of the panel.
  • the installer sees the female groove (7a) and can therefore easily position the outer wall (6e) of the outer male tenon (6d) in line with the internal female groove (7a) to start the process. 'assembly.
  • This very clearly facilitates the vertical assembly operation during the rotational movement.
  • the two panels (1) move closer to each other. This further facilitates the installation operation, and the machining constraints to have perfect contact with the surface of the panels (1) are also easier to comply with.
  • the male tenons (6c, 6d) of the vertically assembled edges (3) are inclined at the same angle, for example between 1 and 45 °, and preferably between 5 and 15 °.
  • the female tenons (7c, 7d) of the vertically assembled edges (3) are inclined at the same angle, for example also between 1 and 45 °, and preferably between 5 and 15 °.
  • the male tenons (6c, 6d) are inclined at the same angle as the female tenons (7c, 7d). In Figures 2 to 4, the inclination of the male tenons (6c, 6d) and female (7c, 7d) is 5 °.
  • the external male (6d) and female (7d) tenons vertically assembled edges (3) have thicknesses less than or equal to the thicknesses of the internal male tenons (6c) and female (7c).
  • the internal tenons (6c, 7c) are thicker than the external tenons (6d, 7d).
  • thickness is meant the height, or the distance between the lower face and the upper face of the panel (1), at the level of said tenons.
  • Another way of characterizing the thickness or height of the tenons consists in characterizing the thickness of the panel (1) between the upper face of the panel (1) and the bottom of the male grooves (6a, 6b) for the coupling means male (6), and the thickness between the underside of the panel (1) and the bottom of the female grooves (7a, 7b) for the female coupling means (7) of the vertically assembled edges (3).
  • the thickness between the underside of the panel (1) and the bottom of the female external groove (7b) is less than the thickness between the underside of the panel (1).
  • the bottom of the internal female groove (7a) is less than the thickness between the underside of the panel (1).
  • the thickness between the upper face of the panel (1) and the bottom of the male external groove (6b) is less than the thickness between the upper face of the panel (1).
  • the invention preferably applies to a panel (1) having a thickness greater than 4 mm, and preferably between 5 and 10 mm, or even greater.
  • the shortest distance or thickness between the bottom of the male (6a, 6b) or female (7a, 7b) grooves of the vertically assembled edges (3) and the corresponding upper or lower face of the panel (1) is between 20% and 60% of the thickness of the panel (1).
  • the thickness at the bottom of the outer grooves (6b, 7b) is between 20% and 45% of the thickness of the panel (1), and the thickness at the bottom of the internal grooves ( 6a, 7a) is between 20 and 60% of the thickness of the panel (1).
  • the thickness at the level of the bottom of the female external groove (7b) is 1 , 85 mm, while the thickness at the bottom of the internal female groove (7a) is 3.08 mm.
  • the thickness at the bottom of the male outer groove (6b) is 1.4mm, while the thickness at the bottom of the male inner groove (6a) is 3.08mm.
  • the thickness at the level of the bottom of the female external groove (7b) of 2 , 37 mm, while the thickness at the bottom of the internal female groove (7a) is 3.11 mm.
  • the thickness at the bottom of the male outer groove (6b) is 2.34mm, while the thickness at the bottom of the inner male groove (6a) is 2.66mm.
  • the thicknesses of the male coupling means (6) of the vertically assembled edges (3) at the level of the bottoms of the male grooves (6a, 6b) are equal to the thicknesses of the female coupling means (7 ) vertically assembled edges (3) at the bottoms of the female grooves (7a, 7b).
  • the opposite edges with inclined assembly (2) consist of an edge comprising male coupling means (4) formed from a side wall of the panel (1), and an opposite edge comprising complementary female coupling means (5) formed from a side wall of the panel (1).
  • the male coupling means (4) of the inclined assembly edges (2) comprise a tongue (11) projecting from the side wall of the panel (1) and over the entire length. edge length.
  • the female coupling means (5) of the inclined assembly edges (2) comprise a complementary groove (12) formed in the side wall of the panel (1) and over the entire length of the edge. The cooperation between the tongue (11) and the groove (12) enables optimum resistance to the vertical disassembly of two panels (1).
  • the tongue (11) comprises a lug (11a) projecting vertically
  • the complementary groove (12) comprises a complementary notch (12a) forming, after assembly of two adjacent panels (1), abutments of 'stop against a horizontal movement between two adjacent panels (1) assembled.
  • the tongue (11) can include a notch and the groove (12) can include a lug, without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the engagement of the tongue (11) in the groove (12) takes place according to an inclined kinematics, then by pivoting of the panel (1), the tongue (11) is moved horizontally towards the bottom of the groove. (12).
  • the groove (12) complementary to the female coupling means (5) defines a lower female tongue (12b) which is flexible and intended for s' move away during the inclined engagement of the tongue (11) of the male coupling means (4), then to resume its position after engagement to increase the resistance to vertical and horizontal disassembly of two adjacent assembled panels (1).
  • the invention does indeed provide a panel (1) whose assembly is carried out according to a kinematics inclined on one edge, then vertical on an adjacent edge, the assembly of which and ease and having optimum resistance to horizontal and vertical disassembly, possibly able to withstand the passage of heavy loads, while having a good clipping effect as well as a satisfactory aesthetic.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a panel (1) in the form of a strip or tile for producing floor covering, the panel (1) comprising two pairs of opposite sides defining: - two opposite edges (2) for assembly at an angle, of which one edge comprises male coupling means (4) provided from a side wall of the panel (1), and an opposite edge comprises complementary female coupling means (5) provided from a side wall of the panel (1); - two opposite edges (3) for vertical assembly, of which one edge comprises male coupling means (6) provided from a bottom face of the panel (1), and an opposite edge comprises complementary female coupling means (7) provided from a top face of the panel (1). According to the invention: - the male coupling means (6) of the edges (3) for vertical assembly comprise two parallel grooves that extend along the edge and open onto a lower face of the panel (1) so as to define an inner male groove (6a), an outer male groove (6b), an inner male tenon (6c) and an outer male tenon (6d); - the female coupling means (7) of the edges (3) for vertical assembly comprise two parallel grooves that extend along the edge and open onto an upper face of the panel so as to define an inner female groove (7a), an outer female groove (7c), an inner female tenon (7b) and an outer female tenon (7d); - the male coupling means (6) of the edges (3) for vertical assembly comprise two lugs (8) and/or notches (9), and the corresponding female coupling means (7) comprise two complementary notches (9) and/or lugs (8) forming, after assembly of two adjacent panels (1), abutments preventing any vertical movement between two assembled adjacent panels (1).

Description

Panneau pour la réalisation d'un revêtement de sol en pose libre Panel for the realization of a floor covering in free installation
Domaine technique Technical area
La présente invention se rapporte au domaine des revêtements de sol en pose libre, et concerne plus particulièrement un panneau, de préférence en polychlorure de vinyle, ayant une forme de lame ou de dalle pour la réalisation d'un tel revêtement, dont l'assemblage s'effectue selon une cinématique inclinée sur un premier bord, et verticale sur un second bord adjacent. The present invention relates to the field of free-standing floor coverings, and more particularly relates to a panel, preferably of polyvinyl chloride, having the shape of a strip or of a tile for the production of such a covering, the assembly of which. is carried out according to a kinematics inclined on a first edge, and vertical on a second adjacent edge.
Art antérieur Prior art
D'une manière générale, ce type panneau comprend deux paires de côtés opposés définissant :In general, this type of panel comprises two pairs of opposite sides defining:
- deux bords opposés à assemblage incliné, dont un bord comprenant des moyens d'accouplement mâles ménagés à partir d'une paroi latérale du panneau, et un bord opposé comprenant des moyens d'accouplement femelles complémentaires ménagés à partir d'une paroi latérale du panneau ; - two opposite edges with inclined assembly, one edge comprising male coupling means formed from a side wall of the panel, and an opposite edge comprising complementary female coupling means formed from a side wall of the panel sign ;
- deux bords opposés à assemblage vertical, dont un bord comprenant des moyens d'accouplement mâles ménagés à partir d'une face inférieure du panneau, et un bord opposé comprenant des moyens d'accouplement femelles complémentaires ménagés à partir d'une face supérieure du panneau. - two opposite edges with vertical assembly, one edge comprising male coupling means formed from a lower face of the panel, and an opposite edge comprising complementary female coupling means formed from an upper face of the panel sign.
Ce type de panneau est illustré par exemple par le document EP 3 105392. Ce document décrit un panneau ayant des premier et second moyens d'accouplement mâles/femelles complémentaires sur des paires opposées de côtés pour assembler des panneaux similaires afin de former un revêtement de sol. Les moyens d'accouplement des petits côtés présentent des moyens complémentaires pour s'opposer au désassemblage vertical, et des parois externes inclinées par rapport à un plan vertical et orientées vers l'intérieur du panneau. L'assemblage est réalisé en inclinant les panneaux le long d’un grand côté et en les verrouillant verticalement sur un petit côté. This type of panel is illustrated for example by document EP 3 105392. This document describes a panel having first and second complementary male / female coupling means on opposite pairs of sides to assemble similar panels to form a covering of ground. The coupling means of the short sides have complementary means to oppose vertical disassembly, and external walls inclined relative to a vertical plane and oriented towards the interior of the panel. Assembly is accomplished by tilting the panels along one long side and locking them vertically on one short side.
Lors de l'opération de pose de ce type de revêtement de sol, le poseur assemble en premier lieu le grand côté selon une direction d'assemblage inclinée, par exemple selon un angle compris entre 10° et 50° et, tout en conservant l'angle d'inclinaison du panneau, il fait ensuite glisser celui-ci latéralement vers le panneau précédent jusqu'à venir en butée. During the operation of laying this type of flooring, the installer first assembles the long side in an inclined assembly direction, for example at an angle of between 10 ° and 50 ° and, while maintaining the The tilt angle of the panel, he then slides it sideways towards the previous panel until it comes to a stop.
Il a été constaté que les moyens décrits dans le document EP 3 105392, notamment les bords à assemblage incliné ont tendance à glisser après la pose, selon l'axe de rotation d'assemblage, sous l'effet du trafic. Ce glissement a pour effet d'appliquer de fortes contraintes sur les moyens d'assemblage a cinématique verticale des côtés adjacents qui au fil du temps se fragilisent jusqu'à la casse, voire se désassemblent. Un des moyens utilisé pour limiter le glissement des bords à assemblage par inclinaison consiste à proposer des moyens d'assemblage mâles et complémentaires femelles comprenant une languette flexible tel que décrit dans le document EP 0843763. Selon ce mode d'assemblage, la rainure complémentaire des moyens d'accouplement femelles des bords à assemblage incliné définit une languette femelle inférieure flexible destinée à s'écarter lors de l'engagement incliné de la languette des moyens d'accouplement mâles, puis à reprendre sa position après engagement pour augmenter la résistance au désassemblage vertical et horizontal de deux panneaux adjacents assemblés et également limiter le glissement selon l'axe de rotation d'assemblage. Cependant, ce type de solution ne permet aux panneaux assemblés de résister au passage de charges lourdes, tel qu'au passage de chariots élévateurs. Sous l'effet de ce type de charges, les panneaux auront tendance à glisser selon l'axe de rotation d'assemblage et/ou à se désassembler selon l'axe vertical des côtés à assemblage vertical. It has been observed that the means described in document EP 3 105392, in particular the edges with inclined assembly, tend to slip after installation, along the assembly axis of rotation, under the effect of traffic. This sliding has the effect of applying strong stresses on the vertical kinematic assembly means of the adjacent sides which over time weaken to breakage, or even disassemble. One of the means used to limit the sliding of the edges when assembled by inclination consists in providing male and complementary female assembly means comprising a flexible tongue as described in document EP 0843763. According to this method of assembly, the complementary groove of the inclined assembly female edge mating means defines a flexible lower female tongue intended to move apart upon inclined engagement of the tongue of the male coupling means, then to return to its position after engagement to increase resistance to disassembly vertical and horizontal of two adjacent assembled panels and also limit the sliding along the assembly axis of rotation. However, this type of solution does not allow the assembled panels to withstand the passage of heavy loads, such as the passage of forklifts. Under the effect of this type of load, the panels will tend to slide along the assembly axis of rotation and / or to disassemble along the vertical axis of the sides with vertical assembly.
Un autre moyen connu pour limiter le désassemblage de panneaux présentant une cinématique inclinée sur un premier bord, et verticale sur un second bord adjacent consiste à coller les panneaux sur le support pendant la pose du revêtement. Cette solution n'est pas appropriée car la pose en devient longue et complexe et ne permet généralement pas non plus de résister au passage de charges lourdes, tel qu'au passage de chariots élévateurs. Another known means for limiting the disassembly of panels having a kinematics inclined on a first edge, and vertical on an adjacent second edge, consists in gluing the panels to the support during the laying of the covering. This solution is not appropriate because the installation becomes long and complex and does not generally make it possible either to withstand the passage of heavy loads, such as the passage of forklifts.
Exposé de l'invention Disclosure of the invention
L'un des buts de l'invention est donc de remédier aux inconvénients précités en proposant un panneau pour la réalisation d'un revêtement de sol en pose libre, dont l'assemblage s'effectue selon une cinématique inclinée sur un bord, puis verticale sur un bord adjacent. One of the aims of the invention is therefore to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks by providing a panel for producing a free-standing floor covering, the assembly of which is carried out according to a kinematics inclined on one edge, then vertical on an adjacent edge.
Un autre objectif de l'invention est de fournir un panneau présentant une résistance au désassemblage horizontal et vertical optimale et pouvant éventuellement résister aux passages de charges lourdes, tout en présentant un bon effet de clippage ainsi qu'une esthétique satisfaisante. Another objective of the invention is to provide a panel exhibiting optimum resistance to horizontal and vertical disassembly and possibly capable of withstanding heavy load passages, while exhibiting a good clipping effect as well as satisfactory aesthetics.
À cet effet, il a été mis au point un panneau ayant une forme de lame ou de dalle pour la réalisation d'un revêtement de sol, le panneau comprenant deux paires de côtés opposés définissant : To this end, a panel has been developed in the form of a blade or slab for the production of a floor covering, the panel comprising two pairs of opposite sides defining:
- deux bords opposés à assemblage incliné, dont un bord comprenant des moyens d'accouplement mâles ménagés à partir d'une paroi latérale du panneau, et un bord opposé comprenant des moyens d'accouplement femelles complémentaires ménagés à partir d'une paroi latérale du panneau ;- two opposite edges with inclined assembly, one edge comprising male coupling means formed from a side wall of the panel, and an opposite edge comprising complementary female coupling means formed from a side wall of the panel sign ;
- deux bords opposés à assemblage vertical, dont un bord comprenant des moyens d'accouplement mâles ménagés à partir d'une face inférieure du panneau, et un bord opposé comprenant des moyens d'accouplement femelles complémentaires ménagés à partir d'une face supérieure du panneau. - two opposite edges with vertical assembly, one edge comprising male coupling means formed from a lower face of the panel, and an opposite edge comprising complementary female coupling means formed from an upper face of the panel sign.
Selon l'invention : - les moyens d'accouplement mâles des bords à assemblage vertical comprennent deux rainures parallèles s'étendant le long du bord et débouchant sur la face inférieure du panneau, de manière à définir une rainure interne mâle, une rainure externe mâle, un tenon interne mâle, et un tenon externe mâle ; According to the invention: - the male coupling means of the vertically assembled edges comprise two parallel grooves extending along the edge and opening onto the underside of the panel, so as to define a male internal groove, a male external groove, a male internal tenon , and a male external post;
- les moyens d'accouplement femelles des bords à assemblage vertical comprennent deux rainures parallèles s'étendant le long du bord et débouchant sur la face supérieure du panneau, de manière à définir une rainure interne femelle, une rainure externe femelle, un tenon interne femelle, et un tenon externe femelle ; - The female coupling means of the vertically assembled edges comprise two parallel grooves extending along the edge and opening onto the upper face of the panel, so as to define a female internal groove, a female external groove, a female internal tenon , and a female external post;
- les moyens d'accouplement mâles des bords à assemblage vertical comprennent deux ergots et/ou encoches et les moyens d'accouplement femelles correspondant comprennent deux encoches et/ou ergots complémentaires formant, après assemblage de deux panneaux adjacents, des butées d'arrêt à l'encontre d'un déplacement vertical entre deux panneaux adjacents assemblés. - The male coupling means of the vertically assembled edges comprise two lugs and / or notches and the corresponding female coupling means comprise two complementary notches and / or lugs forming, after assembly of two adjacent panels, stop stops at against a vertical displacement between two adjacent assembled panels.
Ainsi, la présence des deux tenons au niveau des moyens d'accouplement mâles et femelles des côtés à assemblage vertical ainsi que les deux paires d'ergots/encoches améliorent significativement la résistance aux contraintes dues au glissement des côtés à assemblage incliné sous l'effet du trafic. En cas de glissement le risque de voir apparaître une casse ou un désassemblage horizontal ou vertical de deux panneaux adjacents assemblés et ainsi réduit. Notamment, les deux paires d'ergots/encoches améliorent la résistance au désassemblage vertical et les deux tenons au niveau des moyens d'accouplement mâles et femelles améliorent la résistance au désassemblage horizontal. Ces nouveaux moyens d'assemblage permettent également de proposer des panneaux dont l'épaisseur peut être réduite par rapport à un panneau équivalent tout en conservant une résistance similaire au trafic. En effet, la meilleure résistance des moyens d'accouplement mâles et femelles des côtés à assemblage vertical leur permet d'être réalisés dans une épaisseur de panneau inférieure de 0,5 à 2 mm par rapport à l'épaisseur de panneaux dans lesquels des moyens classiques peuvent être usinés tout en présentant des valeurs de résistance au désassemblage horizontal, voire vertical, équivalentes. Thus, the presence of the two tenons at the level of the male and female coupling means of the sides with vertical assembly as well as the two pairs of lugs / notches significantly improve the resistance to stresses due to the sliding of the sides with inclined assembly under the effect. traffic. In the event of slipping, the risk of a breakage or horizontal or vertical disassembly of two adjacent panels assembled and thus reduced. In particular, the two pairs of lugs / notches improve the resistance to vertical disassembly and the two pins at the level of the male and female coupling means improve the resistance to horizontal disassembly. These new assembly means also make it possible to offer panels the thickness of which can be reduced compared to an equivalent panel while retaining a similar resistance to traffic. Indeed, the better resistance of the male and female coupling means of the vertically assembled sides allows them to be produced in a panel thickness of 0.5 to 2 mm less than the thickness of panels in which means conventional can be machined while exhibiting equivalent resistance values to horizontal or even vertical disassembly.
De préférence, le tenon externe femelle comporte une partie chanfreinée au niveau de la face inférieure du panneau et formant un angle compris entre 2° et 20° par rapport à la face inférieure du panneau, la partie chanfreinée autorise l'abaissement du tenon externe femelle lors de l'assemblage de deux panneaux adjacents pour venir, par déformation, en contact avec le sol. Preferably, the female external tenon comprises a chamfered part at the level of the lower face of the panel and forming an angle of between 2 ° and 20 ° with respect to the underside of the panel, the chamfered part allows the lowering of the female external tenon. during the assembly of two adjacent panels to come, by deformation, into contact with the ground.
Afin d'équilibrer les contraintes dans l'épaisseur du panneau pendant un effort de désassemblage horizontal, les tenons externes mâles et femelles présentent des épaisseurs inférieures ou égales aux épaisseurs des tenons internes mâles et femelles. En particulier, l'épaisseur plus importante des tenons internes permet d'équilibrer les deux côtés des moyens d'assemblage pour éviter le désassemblage. In order to balance the stresses in the thickness of the panel during a horizontal disassembly force, the male and female external tenons have thicknesses less than or equal to the thicknesses of the male and female internal tenons. In particular, the greater thickness of the internal tenons makes it possible to balance the two sides of the assembly means to avoid disassembly.
Les tenons mâles et femelles peuvent être droits ou inclinés par rapport à la verticale vers l'extérieur ou l'intérieur du panneau. Cela étant, afin de simplifier l'usinage des moyens d'accouplement mâles et femelles, les tenons mâles et femelles sont inclinés vers l'extérieur du panneau. Par ailleurs, cette caractéristique permet de faciliter l'assemblage de deux panneaux entre eux car les rainures s'ouvrent plus facilement à l'insertion des tenons. The male and female tenons can be straight or inclined relative to the vertical towards the outside or the inside of the panel. However, in order to simplify the machining of the male and female coupling means, the male and female tenons are inclined towards the outside of the panel. Moreover, this This feature makes it easier to assemble two panels together because the grooves open more easily when the tenons are inserted.
De préférence, les tenons mâles et/ou femelles sont inclinés selon un même angle, afin de faciliter l'usinage, et sont inclinés par exemple selon un angle compris entre 1° et 45°, et de préférence comprise entre 5° et 15°. Preferably, the male and / or female tenons are inclined at the same angle, in order to facilitate machining, and are inclined for example at an angle between 1 ° and 45 °, and preferably between 5 ° and 15 ° .
Selon des formes de réalisation différentes, les ergots ou encoches sont ménagés sur une paroi externe du tenon externe mâle et/ou femelle, et de manière complémentaire sur une paroi interne de la rainure interne femelle et/ou mâle. According to different embodiments, the lugs or notches are formed on an external wall of the male and / or female external tenon, and in a complementary manner on an internal wall of the female and / or male internal groove.
Alternativement ou en combinaison, les ergots ou encoches sont ménagés sur une paroi externe du tenon interne mâle, et de manière complémentaire les encoches ou ergots sont ménagés sur une paroi externe du tenon interne femelle. Alternatively or in combination, the lugs or notches are formed on an outer wall of the male internal tenon, and in a complementary manner the notches or lugs are formed on an outer wall of the female internal tenon.
De préférence, les rainures mâles et femelles des bords à assemblage vertical présentent des parois externes destinées à être en contact deux à deux après assemblage de deux panneaux adjacents. Preferably, the male and female grooves of the vertically assembled edges have external walls intended to be in contact in pairs after assembly of two adjacent panels.
Selon une forme de réalisation particulière, les moyens d'accouplement mâles des bords à assemblage incliné comprennent une languette faisant saillie de la paroi latérale, notamment orthogonalement, du panneau et sur toute la longueur du bord, et les moyens d'accouplement femelles des bords à assemblage incliné comprennent une rainure complémentaire ménagée dans la paroi latérale du panneau et sur toute la longueur du bord. According to a particular embodiment, the male coupling means of the inclined assembly edges comprise a tongue projecting from the side wall, in particular orthogonally, of the panel and over the entire length of the edge, and the female coupling means of the edges. inclined assembly comprise a complementary groove formed in the side wall of the panel and along the entire length of the edge.
De préférence, la languette comprend un ergot faisant saillie verticalement, et la rainure complémentaire comprend une encoche complémentaire formant, après assemblage de deux panneaux adjacents, des butées d'arrêt à l'encontre d'un déplacement horizontal entre deux panneaux adjacents assemblés. Preferably, the tongue comprises a lug projecting vertically, and the complementary groove comprises a complementary notch forming, after assembly of two adjacent panels, stop stops against a horizontal movement between two assembled adjacent panels.
Avantageusement, la rainure complémentaire des moyens d'accouplement femelles des bords à assemblage incliné définit une languette femelle inférieure flexible destinée à s'écarter lors de l'engagement incliné de la languette des moyens d'accouplement mâles, puis à reprendre sa position après engagement pour augmenter la résistance au désassemblage vertical et horizontal de deux panneaux adjacents assemblés et ainsi limiter les risques de glissement des panneaux entre eux. Advantageously, the complementary groove of the female coupling means of the inclined assembly edges defines a flexible lower female tongue intended to move away during the inclined engagement of the tongue of the male coupling means, then to resume its position after engagement. to increase the resistance to vertical and horizontal disassembly of two adjacent assembled panels and thus limit the risks of the panels slipping between them.
Description sommaire des figures D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront mieux de la description qui va suivre, de plusieurs variantes d'exécution, données à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, du panneau selon l'invention, à partir des dessins annexés dans lesquels : Brief description of the figures Other advantages and characteristics will emerge better from the description which follows, of several variant embodiments, given by way of non-limiting examples, of the panel according to the invention, from the appended drawings in which:
[Fig. 1] la figure 1 est une représentation schématique de deux panneaux selon l'invention, avec deux bords opposés à assemblage incliné, et deux bords opposés à assemblage vertical. [Fig. 1] Figure 1 is a schematic representation of two panels according to the invention, with two opposite edges with inclined assembly, and two opposite edges with vertical assembly.
[Fig. 2] la figure 2 est une vue partielle en coupe transversale d'une forme de réalisation particulière des bords à assemblage vertical. [Fig. 2] FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a particular embodiment of the vertically assembled edges.
[Fig. 3] la figure 3 est une vue partielle en coupe transversale d'une autre forme de réalisation particulière des bords à assemblage vertical. [Fig. 3] FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of another particular embodiment of the vertically assembled edges.
[Fig. 4] la figure 4 est une vue partielle en coupe transversale similaire à celle de la figure 3, les deux panneaux étant assemblés. [Fig. 4] Figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional view similar to that of Figure 3, the two panels being assembled.
[Fig. 5] la figure 5 est une vue partielle en coupe transversale d'une forme de réalisation particulière des bords à assemblage incliné de deux panneaux en cours d'assemblage. [Fig. 5] Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a particular embodiment of the inclined joint edges of two panels being assembled.
[Fig. 6] la figure 6 est une vue partielle en coupe transversale d'une autre forme de réalisation particulière des bords à assemblage incliné de deux panneaux en cours d'assemblage. [Fig. 6] FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of another particular embodiment of the inclined joint edges of two panels being assembled.
Description détaillée de l'invention Detailed description of the invention
En référence aux figures 1 à 6, l'invention concerne un panneau (1) pour la réalisation d'un revêtement de sol en pose libre. Referring to Figures 1 to 6, the invention relates to a panel (1) for producing a free-standing floor covering.
Le panneau (1) de sol selon l'invention est réalisé, de préférence, dans une matière plastique, tel que du polychlorure de vinyle, par exemple plastifié, et comportant éventuellement une charge minérale. Toutefois, il est bien évident que le panneau (1) selon l'invention peut être obtenu dans toute matière plastique appropriée. The floor panel (1) according to the invention is preferably made from a plastic material, such as polyvinyl chloride, for example plasticized, and optionally comprising a mineral filler. However, it is obvious that the panel (1) according to the invention can be obtained in any suitable plastic material.
Selon une forme de réalisation particulière, le panneau selon l'invention est résilient, par exemple réalisé à partir de polychlorure de vinyle plastifié ou rigide. According to a particular embodiment, the panel according to the invention is resilient, for example made from plasticized or rigid polyvinyl chloride.
De préférence, le panneau présente un noyau lié à une couche décorative constituée d'un film décor lié à une couche de surface transparente. Preferably, the panel has a core linked to a decorative layer consisting of a decorative film linked to a transparent surface layer.
Le noyau peut être monocouche ou multicouche, et réalisé par exemple à partir de matière plastique telle que du polychlorure de vinyle, du polypropylène, du polyuréthane, du polyuréthane thermoplastique, du polyéthylène, du polyéthylène téréphtalate, ou tout autre matière plastique appropriée, et comprenant éventuellement des charges sous forme de fibres, copeaux, poussières ou sciure de bois et/ou des charges minérales, par exemple craie, chaux, talc, et un ou plusieurs plastifiants afin de définir la rigidité du noyau. Le noyau, ou une couche du noyau dans le cas d'un noyau multicouche, peut éventuellement être à base d'urée formol ou de mélamine formol et de bois, par exemple des couches de fibres de densité moyenne (MDF) ou de fibres de densité Haute (HDF). Chaque couche peut également être une couche de bois stratifié, de bois composite (WPC « wood plastic composite » en langue anglaise). The core can be monolayer or multilayer, and made for example from plastic material such as polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyurethane, thermoplastic polyurethane, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, or any other suitable plastic material, and comprising optionally fillers in the form of fibers, shavings, dust or sawdust and / or mineral fillers, for example chalk, lime, talc, and one or more plasticizers in order to define the rigidity of the core. The core, or a core layer in the case of a multi-layered core, may optionally be based on urea formalin or melamine formalin and wood, for example layers of medium density fibers (MDF) or fibers of High density (HDF). Each layer can also be a layer of laminated wood, of composite wood (WPC "wood plastic composite" in English).
Chaque couche peut être compacte ou moussée. A titre d'exemple, le noyau peut être réalisé avec une couche moussée en polychlorure de vinyle rigide intercalée entre deux couches de polychlorure de vinyle rigide compactes. Each layer can be compact or foamed. By way of example, the core can be made with a rigid polyvinyl chloride foamed layer interposed between two compact rigid polyvinyl chloride layers.
De façon alternative, le revêtement selon l'invention peut également être utilisé comme revêtement de mur. Alternatively, the coating according to the invention can also be used as a wall covering.
Dans une application particulière, le panneau (1) selon l'invention est utilisé pour réaliser des revêtements de sol et est avantageux en ce qu'il présente une paire de côté à assemblage vertical présentant une résistance au désassemblage horizontal optimale, c'est-à-dire par exemple supérieure à 660N/10cm, lui permettant notamment de résister au passage de charges lourdes, tels qu'aux passages de chariots élévateurs. In a particular application, the panel (1) according to the invention is used to produce floor coverings and is advantageous in that it has a pair of vertically assembled sides exhibiting optimum resistance to horizontal disassembly, that is to say that is to say for example greater than 660N / 10cm, allowing it in particular to withstand the passage of heavy loads, such as the passage of forklifts.
D'une manière connue, le panneau (1) comprend une forme rectangulaire et comprend deux paires de côtés opposés définissant quatre bords, dont deux bords opposés à assemblage incliné (2), et deux autres bords opposés à assemblage vertical (3). Bien entendu, le panneau (1) peut présenter tout aussi bien une forme carrée. In a known manner, the panel (1) comprises a rectangular shape and comprises two pairs of opposite sides defining four edges, including two opposite edges with inclined assembly (2), and two other opposite edges with vertical assembly (3). Of course, the panel (1) can equally well have a square shape.
De ce qui précède, l'assemblage de ce type de panneau (1) se fait selon une cinématique inclinée sur un premier bord (2), par exemple selon un angle compris entre 10° et 50°, et selon une cinématique verticale sur un second bord (3) adjacent. From the above, the assembly of this type of panel (1) is done according to an inclined kinematics on a first edge (2), for example at an angle of between 10 ° and 50 °, and according to a vertical kinematics on a second edge (3) adjacent.
En particulier, lors de la pose de ce type de panneau (1), le poseur pose une première ligne de panneaux (1), en les assemblant côte à côte selon une cinématique d'assemblage verticale. Ensuite, le poseur débute une seconde ligne de panneaux (1) par l'assemblage d'un premier panneau (1), selon une cinématique inclinée par rapport aux panneaux (1) de la ligne précédente. Les panneaux (1) suivants de la seconde ligne sont assemblés selon une cinématique inclinée par rapport aux panneaux (1) de la ligne précédente et, par un mouvement de pivotement du panneau (1) en direction du sol, le panneau (1) est assemblé au panneau (1) adjacent selon une cinématique verticale. In particular, during the installation of this type of panel (1), the installer places a first line of panels (1), by assembling them side by side according to a vertical assembly kinematics. Then, the installer starts a second line of panels (1) by assembling a first panel (1), according to an inclined kinematics with respect to the panels (1) of the previous line. The following panels (1) of the second line are assembled according to an inclined kinematics with respect to the panels (1) of the previous line and, by a pivoting movement of the panel (1) in the direction of the ground, the panel (1) is assembled to the adjacent panel (1) according to a vertical kinematics.
D'une manière préférée, lorsque les panneaux (1) sont de formes rectangulaires, les grands côtés s'assemblent selon une cinématique inclinée, tandis que les petits côtés s'assemblent selon une cinématique verticale. Il est en effet constaté que les bords à assemblage vertical selon l'invention nécessitent une installation au maillet pour arriver à appliquer la force nécessaire à leur assemblage. De fait il est préférable que ces bords soient les plus courts pour ne pas rendre la pose trop fastidieuse ni nécessiter un effort trop important. In a preferred manner, when the panels (1) are of rectangular shape, the long sides are assembled according to an inclined kinematics, while the small sides are assembled according to a vertical kinematics. It is in fact observed that the vertically assembled edges according to the invention require installation with a mallet in order to apply the force necessary for their assembly. In fact, it is preferable that these edges are the shortest so as not to make the installation too tedious or require too much effort.
Selon l'invention et en référence aux figures 2 à 4, les moyens d'accouplement mâles (6) des bords à assemblage vertical (3) comprennent deux rainures parallèles s'étendant le long du bord et débouchant sur une face inférieure du panneau (1), de manière à définir une rainure interne mâle (6a), une rainure externe mâle (6b), un tenon interne mâle (6c), et un tenon externe mâle (6d). Par « interne », on entend du côté du corps du panneau (1), vers l'intérieur, et par « externe » on entend du côté de l'extérieur du panneau (1). According to the invention and with reference to Figures 2 to 4, the male coupling means (6) of the vertically assembled edges (3) comprise two parallel grooves extending along the edge and opening onto a lower face of the panel ( 1), so as to define a male internal groove (6a), a male external groove (6b), a male internal tenon (6c), and a male external tenon (6d). By "internal" is meant the side of the body of the panel (1), towards the interior, and by "external" is meant the side of the exterior of the panel (1).
De la même manière, les moyens d'accouplement femelles (7) des bords à assemblage vertical (3) comprennent deux rainures parallèles s'étendant le long du bord et débouchant sur une face supérieure du panneau, de manière à définir une rainure interne femelle (7a), une rainure externe femelle (7b), un tenon interne femelle (7c), et un tenon externe femelle (7d). Likewise, the female coupling means (7) of the vertically assembled edges (3) comprise two parallel grooves extending along the edge and opening onto an upper face of the panel, so as to define a female internal groove. (7a), a female external groove (7b), a female internal tenon (7c), and a female external tenon (7d).
Les tenons mâles (6c, 6d) et femelles (7c, 7d) comprennent des sections transversales sensiblement rectangulaires, et sont souples et déformables élastiquement pour permettre leur engagement dans les rainures femelles (7a, 7b) et mâles (6a, 6b) correspondantes. De façon préférentielle, les parois internes et externes des tenons internes femelles (7c) et/ou les parois internes et externes des tenons internes mâles (6c) présentent une différence d'inclinaison inférieure à 15°, préférentiellement inférieure à 5°entre paroi interne et externe d'un même tenon, et ce afin de faciliter leur usinage. De façon plus préférentielle, les parois internes et externes des tenons internes femelles (7c) et/ou internes mâles (6c) d'un même tenon sont parallèles. L'assemblage et le verrouillage horizontal des moyens d'accouplement est optimisé lorsque les parois internes et externes des tenons internes femelles (7c) et internes mâles (6c) sont toutes parallèles. The male (6c, 6d) and female (7c, 7d) tenons comprise substantially rectangular cross sections, and are flexible and elastically deformable to allow their engagement in the corresponding female (7a, 7b) and male (6a, 6b) grooves. Preferably, the internal and external walls of the internal female tenons (7c) and / or the internal and external walls of the internal male tenons (6c) have a difference in inclination of less than 15 °, preferably less than 5 ° between the internal wall and external with the same tenon, in order to facilitate their machining. More preferably, the internal and external walls of the internal female tenons (7c) and / or internal male tenons (6c) of the same tenon are parallel. The assembly and horizontal locking of the coupling means is optimized when the internal and external walls of the internal female (7c) and internal male (6c) tenons are all parallel.
De ce qui précède et en référence à la figure 4, lors de l'assemblage de deux panneaux (1) entre eux, les moyens d'accouplement mâles (6) des bords à assemblage vertical (3) d'un premier panneau (1) sont destinés à venir en engagement avec les moyens d'accouplement femelles (7) des bords à assemblage vertical (3) d'un second panneau (1), notamment selon une cinématique verticale. From the above and with reference to Figure 4, when assembling two panels (1) together, the male coupling means (6) of the vertically assembled edges (3) of a first panel (1) ) are intended to come into engagement with the female coupling means (7) of the vertically assembled edges (3) of a second panel (1), in particular according to a vertical kinematics.
La présence des deux tenons au niveau des moyens d'accouplement mâles (6) et femelles (7) des bords à assemblage vertical (3) permet d'améliorer significativement l'effort nécessaire pour le désassemblage horizontal de deux panneaux (1). Par désassemblage horizontal, on entend l'exercice d'une force de traction au niveau de chacun des panneaux (1), parallèle au plan défini par les panneaux (1), en vue de les écarter l'un de l'autre. Une telle force de traction est exercée par exemple, pour un revêtement de sol, lorsque des charges lourdes circulent sur deux panneaux (1) adjacents, au niveau de la frontière entre lesdits deux panneaux (1), par exemple lors du passage d'un chariot élévateur. Afin d'améliorer davantage la résistance au désassemblage horizontal de deux panneaux (1) et en référence à la figure 4, les rainures mâles (6a, 6b) et femelles (7a, 7b) des bords à assemblage vertical (3) présentent chacune des parois externes, c'est-à-dire positionnées, non pas du côté du corps du panneau (1), mais du côté de l'extérieur du panneau (1), destinées à être en contact deux à deux, après assemblage des deux panneaux (1). Pour obtenir le contact deux à deux, les rainures et tenons présentent des largeurs et/ou inclinaisons appropriées. A titre d'exemple, les tenons et rainures présentent des largeurs de l'ordre de 2 mm, et sont inclinés de 5° par rapport à la verticale et vers l'extérieur du panneau. Plus précisément, le panneau illustré à la figure 4 présente un tenon externe femelle (7d) d'une largeur de 2,02 mm, un tenon interne femelle (7c) d'une largeur de 1,95 mm, une rainure interne mâle (6a) d'une largeur de 2 mm, et une rainure externe mâle (6b) d'une largeur de 1,98 mm. The presence of the two tenons at the level of the male (6) and female (7) coupling means of the vertically assembled edges (3) makes it possible to significantly improve the force required for the horizontal disassembly of two panels (1). By horizontal disassembly is meant the exercise of a tensile force at the level of each of the panels (1), parallel to the plane defined by the panels (1), in order to separate them from one another. Such a tensile force is exerted for example, for a floor covering, when heavy loads circulate on two adjacent panels (1), at the level of the border between said two panels (1), for example during the passage of a forklift. In order to further improve the resistance to horizontal disassembly of two panels (1) and with reference to Figure 4, the male (6a, 6b) and female (7a, 7b) grooves of the vertically assembled edges (3) each have external walls, that is to say positioned, not on the side of the body of the panel (1), but on the side of the exterior of the panel (1), intended to be in contact in pairs, after assembly of the two panels (1). To obtain contact two by two, the grooves and tenons have appropriate widths and / or inclinations. By way of example, the tenons and grooves have widths of the order of 2 mm, and are inclined by 5 ° relative to the vertical and towards the outside of the panel. More precisely, the panel illustrated in FIG. 4 has a female external tenon (7d) with a width of 2.02 mm, a female internal tenon (7c) with a width of 1.95 mm, a male internal groove ( 6a) with a width of 2 mm, and a male external groove (6b) with a width of 1.98 mm.
Le contact deux à deux signifie que les parois externes des rainures mâles (6a, 6b) sont en contact avec les parois externes des rainures femelles (7a, 7b). En pratique, après assemblage ces parois en contact sont parallèles entre elles. Après assemblage, et de façon préférentielle, au moins un tenon mâle (6c, 6d) est en contact avec le fond de la rainure femelle (7b, 7a) correspondante afin d'avoir un appui vertical. Par ailleurs, après assemblage, il subsiste de préférence un jeu de quelques dixièmes de millimètres entre la paroi verticale externe du tenon externe femelle (7d), située sous l'encoche (9), avec la paroi verticale en regard de la rainure interne mâle (6a), située sous l'ergot (8). Cette caractéristique permet de faciliter l'assemblage. Pairwise contact means that the outer walls of the male grooves (6a, 6b) are in contact with the outer walls of the female grooves (7a, 7b). In practice, after assembly, these walls in contact are mutually parallel. After assembly, and preferably, at least one male tenon (6c, 6d) is in contact with the bottom of the corresponding female groove (7b, 7a) in order to have a vertical support. Furthermore, after assembly, there is preferably a clearance of a few tenths of a millimeter between the external vertical wall of the female external tenon (7d), located under the notch (9), with the vertical wall facing the male internal groove. (6a), located under the lug (8). This feature facilitates assembly.
Enfin, les moyens d'accouplement mâles (6) des bords à assemblage vertical (3) comprennent deux ergots (8) et/ou encoches (9) et les moyens d'accouplement femelles correspondant comprennent deux encoches (9) et/ou ergots (8) complémentaires formant, après assemblage de deux panneaux adjacents, des butées d'arrêt à l'encontre d'un déplacement vertical entre deux panneaux adjacents assemblés. Finally, the male coupling means (6) of the vertically assembled edges (3) comprise two lugs (8) and / or notches (9) and the corresponding female coupling means comprise two notches (9) and / or lugs (8) complementary forming, after assembly of two adjacent panels, stops against a vertical movement between two adjacent panels assembled.
Ainsi, plusieurs formes de réalisation sont envisageables. Par exemple, les moyens d'accouplement mâles (6) des bords à assemblage vertical (3) comprennent soient deux ergots (8), soit deux encoches (9), soit un ergot (8) et une encoche (9), adaptés pour coopérer avec, de manière complémentaire, soit deux encoches (9), soit deux ergots (8), soit une encoche (9) et un ergot (8), ménagés sur les moyens d'accouplement femelles (7) des bords à assemblage vertical (3). Thus, several embodiments are possible. For example, the male coupling means (6) of the vertically assembled edges (3) comprise either two lugs (8), or two notches (9), or a lug (8) and a notch (9), suitable for cooperate with, in a complementary manner, either two notches (9), or two lugs (8), or a notch (9) and a lug (8), formed on the female coupling means (7) of the vertically assembled edges (3).
Par exemple, les ergots (8) ou encoches (9) sont ménagés sur une paroi externe du tenon externe mâle (6d) et/ou femelle (7d), et de manière complémentaire sur une paroi interne de la rainure interne femelle (7a) et/ou mâle (6a). For example, the lugs (8) or notches (9) are provided on an external wall of the external male tenon (6d) and / or female (7d), and in a complementary manner on an internal wall of the internal female groove (7a) and / or male (6a).
Par ailleurs, en combinaison, les ergots (8) ou encoches (9) sont, par exemple, ménagés sur une paroi externe du tenon interne mâle (6c), et de manière complémentaire les encoches (9) ou ergots (8) sont ménagés sur une paroi externe du tenon interne femelle (7c). Ainsi, selon une première forme de réalisation illustrée à la figure 2, les moyens d'accouplement mâles (6) comprennent un ergot (8) ménagé sur la paroi externe du tenon interne mâle (6c), et un ergot (8) ménagé sur la paroi externe du tenon externe mâle (6d) et, de manière complémentaire, les moyens d'accouplement femelles (7) comprennent une encoche (9) ménagée sur une paroi externe du tenon interne femelle (7c), et une encoche (9) ménagée sur une paroi interne de la rainure interne femelle (7a). Furthermore, in combination, the lugs (8) or notches (9) are, for example, provided on an outer wall of the male internal tenon (6c), and in a complementary manner the notches (9) or lugs (8) are provided on an external wall of the female internal tenon (7c). Thus, according to a first embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2, the male coupling means (6) comprise a lug (8) provided on the outer wall of the male internal lug (6c), and a lug (8) provided on the external wall of the male external tenon (6d) and, in a complementary manner, the female coupling means (7) comprise a notch (9) provided on an external wall of the female internal tenon (7c), and a notch (9) formed on an internal wall of the internal female groove (7a).
Selon une seconde forme de réalisation illustrée à la figure 3, les moyens d'accouplement mâles (6) comprennent un ergot (8) ménagé sur la paroi externe du tenon externe mâle (6d), et un ergot (8) ménagé sur la paroi interne de la rainure interne mâle (6a) et, de manière complémentaire, les moyens d'accouplement femelles (7) comprennent une encoche (9) ménagée sur une paroi interne de la rainure interne femelle (7a), et une encoche (9) ménagée sur une paroi externe du tenon externe femelle (7d). According to a second embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3, the male coupling means (6) comprise a lug (8) formed on the outer wall of the male outer tenon (6d), and a lug (8) formed on the wall internal of the male internal groove (6a) and, in a complementary manner, the female coupling means (7) comprise a notch (9) provided on an internal wall of the internal female groove (7a), and a notch (9) formed on an external wall of the female external tenon (7d).
Bien entendu, d'autres formes de réalisation peuvent être envisagées avec différentes combinaison d'encoches (9)/ergots (8), sans sortir du cadre de l'invention. Of course, other embodiments can be envisaged with different combinations of notches (9) / lugs (8), without departing from the scope of the invention.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le tenon externe femelle (7d) comporte une partie chanfreinée (10) au niveau de la face inférieure du panneau (1) et formant un angle compris entre 2° et 20° par rapport à la face inférieure du panneau (1). Ainsi, lors de l'assemblage des deux panneaux (1) adjacents, la partie chanfreinée (10) autorise l'abaissement du tenon externe femelle (7d) pour venir, par déformation, en contact avec le sol, et procurer ainsi une réduction de l'effort d'assemblage. La partie chanfreinée (10) peut s'étendre sous le tenon externe femelle (7d), voire sous la rainure externe femelle (7b), voire jusqu'à la rainure interne femelle (7a), et ceci afin de faciliter l'assemblage en flexibilisant l'ensemble. According to another characteristic of the invention, the female external tenon (7d) comprises a chamfered part (10) at the level of the lower face of the panel (1) and forming an angle of between 2 ° and 20 ° with respect to the face lower panel (1). Thus, during the assembly of the two adjacent panels (1), the chamfered part (10) allows the lowering of the female external tenon (7d) to come, by deformation, into contact with the ground, and thus provide a reduction in the assembly effort. The chamfered part (10) may extend under the female external tenon (7d), or even under the female external groove (7b), or even up to the internal female groove (7a), and this in order to facilitate assembly in making the whole thing more flexible.
Par ailleurs, la face supérieure du panneau (1) peut également présenter des chanfreins au niveau du tenon externe mâle (6d) des bords à assemblage vertical (3) et de la rainure interne femelle (7a) afin de participer à l'esthétique générale des panneaux (1), après assemblage. Chaque chanfrein forme un angle compris entre 2° et 20° par rapport à la face supérieure du panneau (1). L'interface entre les deux panneaux assemblés forme ainsi une rainure en forme de V, voir figure 4. Furthermore, the upper face of the panel (1) may also have chamfers at the level of the male external tenon (6d) of the vertically assembled edges (3) and of the female internal groove (7a) in order to participate in the general aesthetics. panels (1), after assembly. Each chamfer forms an angle of between 2 ° and 20 ° relative to the upper face of the panel (1). The interface between the two assembled panels thus forms a V-shaped groove, see figure 4.
Dans un but de faciliter l'assemblage de deux panneaux (1) adjacents, et notamment l'engagement des moyens d'accouplement mâles (6) à l'intérieur des moyens d'accouplement femelles (7) des bords à assemblage vertical (3), les tenons mâles (6c, 6d) et femelles (7c, 7d) sont inclinés par rapport à la verticale et vers l'extérieur ou l'intérieur du panneau (1). Cette caractéristique permet également de faciliter la fabrication, et en particulier l'usinage des moyens d'accouplement mâles (6) et femelles (7). Dans un cas particulier les tenons mâles (6c, 6d) et femelles (7c, 7d) pourraient former des sortes de queues d'arondes, les faces externes sont inclinées vers l'extérieur et les faces interne vers l'intérieur du panneau. Une inclinaison par rapport à la verticale des tenons mâles (6c, 6d) et femelles (7c, 7d) vers l'extérieur du panneau et comprise entre 1 et 45°, préférentiellement entre 5 et 15° permet d'obtenir un bon compromis entre la facilité d'assemblage des panneaux et la résistance au désassemblage horizontal des moyens d'assemblage verticaux (3). Ainsi, lors de l'engagement des tenons mâles (6c, 6d) dans les rainures femelles (7a, 7b), selon une cinématique verticale, la paroi externe (6e) du tenon externe mâle (6d) vient s'appuyer contre la paroi interne de la rainure interne femelle (7a) et la paroi externe du tenon externe femelle (7d) vient s'appuyer contre la paroi interne de la rainure interne male (6a). En conséquence, pendant l'opération de pose, le poseur voit la rainure femelle (7a) et peut donc facilement positionner la paroi externe (6e) du tenon externe mâle (6d) au droit de la rainure interne femelle (7a) pour commencer l'assemblage. Ceci facilite très nettement l'opération d'assemblage vertical pendant le mouvement de rotation. Par ailleurs, et d'une manière avantageuse, étant donné l'inclinaison vers l'extérieur de la paroi externe (6e) du tenon externe mâle (6d) et l'inclinaison complémentaire de la paroi interne de la rainure interne femelle (7a), lors du pivotement, les deux panneaux (1) se rapprochent l'un de l'autre. Ceci facilite davantage l'opération de pose, et les contraintes d'usinage pour avoir un contact parfait en surface des panneaux (1) sont aussi plus faciles à respecter. In order to facilitate the assembly of two adjacent panels (1), and in particular the engagement of the male coupling means (6) inside the female coupling means (7) of the vertically assembled edges (3) ), the male (6c, 6d) and female (7c, 7d) tenons are inclined relative to the vertical and towards the outside or inside of the panel (1). This characteristic also makes it possible to facilitate the manufacture, and in particular the machining of the male (6) and female (7) coupling means. In a particular case the male tenons (6c, 6d) and female (7c, 7d) could form kinds of dovetails, the external faces are inclined towards the outside and the internal faces towards the inside of the panel. An inclination with respect to the vertical of the male (6c, 6d) and female (7c, 7d) tenons towards the outside of the panel and between 1 and 45 °, preferably between 5 and 15 °, makes it possible to obtain a good compromise between the ease of assembly of the panels and the resistance to horizontal disassembly of the vertical assembly means (3). Thus, during the engagement of the male tenons (6c, 6d) in the female grooves (7a, 7b), according to a vertical kinematics, the external wall (6e) of the male external tenon (6d) comes to rest against the wall internal of the internal female groove (7a) and the external wall of the external female tenon (7d) bears against the internal wall of the internal male groove (6a). Consequently, during the installation operation, the installer sees the female groove (7a) and can therefore easily position the outer wall (6e) of the outer male tenon (6d) in line with the internal female groove (7a) to start the process. 'assembly. This very clearly facilitates the vertical assembly operation during the rotational movement. Furthermore, and in an advantageous manner, given the inclination towards the outside of the external wall (6e) of the external male tenon (6d) and the complementary inclination of the internal wall of the internal female groove (7a) , during pivoting, the two panels (1) move closer to each other. This further facilitates the installation operation, and the machining constraints to have perfect contact with the surface of the panels (1) are also easier to comply with.
Selon des formes de réalisation différentes, les tenons mâles (6c, 6d) des bords à assemblage vertical (3), sont inclinés selon un même angle, par exemple compris entre 1 et 45°, et de préférence compris entre 5 et 15°. De la même manière, et selon une forme de réalisation particulière, les tenons femelles (7c, 7d) des bords à assemblage vertical (3), sont inclinés selon un même angle, par exemple également compris entre 1 et 45°, et de préférence compris entre 5 et 15°. Enfin, selon une forme de réalisation particulière, les tenons mâles (6c, 6d) sont inclinés selon un même angle que les tenons femelles (7c, 7d). Sur les figures 2 à 4, l'inclinaison des tenons mâles (6c, 6d) et femelles (7c, 7d) est de 5°. According to different embodiments, the male tenons (6c, 6d) of the vertically assembled edges (3) are inclined at the same angle, for example between 1 and 45 °, and preferably between 5 and 15 °. Likewise, and according to a particular embodiment, the female tenons (7c, 7d) of the vertically assembled edges (3) are inclined at the same angle, for example also between 1 and 45 °, and preferably between 5 and 15 °. Finally, according to a particular embodiment, the male tenons (6c, 6d) are inclined at the same angle as the female tenons (7c, 7d). In Figures 2 to 4, the inclination of the male tenons (6c, 6d) and female (7c, 7d) is 5 °.
Toujours dans le but de participer à la résistance au désassemblage horizontal, et pour équilibrer également les contraintes mécaniques dans l'épaisseur du panneau (1) lors d'un tel effort de désassemblage, les tenons externes mâles (6d) et femelles (7d) des bords à assemblage vertical (3) présentent des épaisseurs inférieures ou égales aux épaisseurs des tenons internes mâles (6c) et femelles (7c). En d'autres termes, les tenons internes (6c, 7c) sont plus épais que les tenons externes (6d, 7d). Par épaisseur, on entend la hauteur, ou la distance comprise entre la face inférieure et la face supérieure du panneau (1), au niveau desdits tenons. Still with the aim of participating in the resistance to horizontal disassembly, and also to balance the mechanical stresses in the thickness of the panel (1) during such a disassembly effort, the external male (6d) and female (7d) tenons vertically assembled edges (3) have thicknesses less than or equal to the thicknesses of the internal male tenons (6c) and female (7c). In other words, the internal tenons (6c, 7c) are thicker than the external tenons (6d, 7d). By thickness is meant the height, or the distance between the lower face and the upper face of the panel (1), at the level of said tenons.
Une autre manière de caractériser l'épaisseur ou la hauteur des tenons consiste à caractériser l'épaisseur du panneau (1) entre la face supérieure du panneau (1) et le fond des rainures mâles (6a, 6b) pour les moyens d'accouplement mâles (6), et l'épaisseur entre la face inférieure du panneau (1) et le fond des rainures femelles (7a, 7b) pour les moyens d'accouplement femelles (7) des bords à assemblage vertical (3). Ainsi, pour les moyens d'accouplement femelles (7), l'épaisseur entre la face inférieure du panneau (1) et le fond de la rainure externe femelle (7b) est inférieure à l'épaisseur entre la face inférieure du panneau (1) et le fond de la rainure interne femelle (7a). De la même manière, pour les moyens d'accouplement mâles (6), l'épaisseur entre la face supérieure du panneau (1) et le fond de la rainure externe mâle (6b) est inférieure à l'épaisseur entre la face supérieure du panneau (1) et le fond de la rainure interne mâle (6a). L'invention s'applique de manière préférée à un panneau (1) présentant une épaisseur supérieure à 4 mm, et de préférence comprise entre 5 et 10 mm, voire supérieure. Another way of characterizing the thickness or height of the tenons consists in characterizing the thickness of the panel (1) between the upper face of the panel (1) and the bottom of the male grooves (6a, 6b) for the coupling means male (6), and the thickness between the underside of the panel (1) and the bottom of the female grooves (7a, 7b) for the female coupling means (7) of the vertically assembled edges (3). Thus, for the female coupling means (7), the thickness between the underside of the panel (1) and the bottom of the female external groove (7b) is less than the thickness between the underside of the panel (1). ) and the bottom of the internal female groove (7a). Likewise, for the male coupling means (6), the thickness between the upper face of the panel (1) and the bottom of the male external groove (6b) is less than the thickness between the upper face of the panel (1). panel (1) and the bottom of the male internal groove (6a). The invention preferably applies to a panel (1) having a thickness greater than 4 mm, and preferably between 5 and 10 mm, or even greater.
D'une manière générale, la plus courte distance ou épaisseur entre le fond des rainures mâles (6a, 6b) ou femelle (7a, 7b) des bords à assemblage vertical (3) et la face correspondante supérieure ou inférieure du panneau (1) est comprise entre 20% et 60 % de l'épaisseur du panneau (1). Selon un exemple particulier, l'épaisseur au niveau du fond des rainures externes (6b, 7b) est comprise entre 20% et 45% de l'épaisseur du panneau (1), et l'épaisseur au niveau du fond des rainures internes (6a, 7a) est comprise entre 20 et 60% de l'épaisseur du panneau (1). In general, the shortest distance or thickness between the bottom of the male (6a, 6b) or female (7a, 7b) grooves of the vertically assembled edges (3) and the corresponding upper or lower face of the panel (1) is between 20% and 60% of the thickness of the panel (1). According to a particular example, the thickness at the bottom of the outer grooves (6b, 7b) is between 20% and 45% of the thickness of the panel (1), and the thickness at the bottom of the internal grooves ( 6a, 7a) is between 20 and 60% of the thickness of the panel (1).
À titre d'exemple, pour un panneau (1) comprenant une épaisseur de 6 mm et des moyens d'accouplement tels que représentés à la figure 2, l'épaisseur au niveau du fond de la rainure externe femelle (7b) est de 1,85 mm, tandis que l'épaisseur au niveau du fond de la rainure interne femelle (7a) est de 3,08 mm. L'épaisseur au niveau du fond de la rainure externe mâle (6b) est de 1,4 mm, tandis que l'épaisseur au niveau du fond de la rainure interne mâle (6a) est de 3,08 mm. By way of example, for a panel (1) comprising a thickness of 6 mm and coupling means as shown in FIG. 2, the thickness at the level of the bottom of the female external groove (7b) is 1 , 85 mm, while the thickness at the bottom of the internal female groove (7a) is 3.08 mm. The thickness at the bottom of the male outer groove (6b) is 1.4mm, while the thickness at the bottom of the male inner groove (6a) is 3.08mm.
Toujours à titre d'exemple, pour un panneau (1) comprenant une épaisseur de 6 mm et des moyens d'accouplement tels que représentés à la figure 3, l'épaisseur au niveau du fond de la rainure externe femelle (7b) de 2,37 mm, tandis que l'épaisseur au niveau du fond de la rainure interne femelle (7a) est de 3,11 mm. L'épaisseur au niveau du fond de la rainure externe mâle (6b) est de 2,34 mm, tandis que l'épaisseur au niveau du fond de la rainure interne mâle (6a) est de 2,66 mm. Still by way of example, for a panel (1) comprising a thickness of 6 mm and coupling means as shown in FIG. 3, the thickness at the level of the bottom of the female external groove (7b) of 2 , 37 mm, while the thickness at the bottom of the internal female groove (7a) is 3.11 mm. The thickness at the bottom of the male outer groove (6b) is 2.34mm, while the thickness at the bottom of the inner male groove (6a) is 2.66mm.
Selon une forme de réalisation particulière, les épaisseurs des moyens d'accouplement mâles (6) des bords à assemblage vertical (3) au niveau des fonds des rainures mâles (6a, 6b) sont égales aux épaisseurs des moyens d'accouplement femelles (7) des bords à assemblage vertical (3) au niveau des fonds des rainures femelles (7a, 7b). According to a particular embodiment, the thicknesses of the male coupling means (6) of the vertically assembled edges (3) at the level of the bottoms of the male grooves (6a, 6b) are equal to the thicknesses of the female coupling means (7 ) vertically assembled edges (3) at the bottoms of the female grooves (7a, 7b).
En référence aux figures 5 et 6, les bords opposés à assemblage incliné (2) consistent en un bord comprenant des moyens d'accouplement mâles (4) ménagés à partir d'une paroi latérale du panneau (1), et en un bord opposé comprenant des moyens d'accouplement femelles (5) complémentaires ménagés à partir d'une paroi latérale du panneau (1). Referring to Figures 5 and 6, the opposite edges with inclined assembly (2) consist of an edge comprising male coupling means (4) formed from a side wall of the panel (1), and an opposite edge comprising complementary female coupling means (5) formed from a side wall of the panel (1).
Selon l'invention et en référence à la figure 5, les moyens d'accouplement mâles (4) des bords à assemblage incliné (2) comprennent une languette (11) faisant saillie de la paroi latérale du panneau (1) et sur toute la longueur du bord. Les moyens d'accouplement femelles (5) des bords à assemblage incliné (2) comprennent une rainure (12) complémentaire ménagée dans la paroi latérale du panneau (1) et sur toute la longueur du bord. La coopération entre la languette (11) et la rainure (12) permet de résister d'une manière optimale au désassemblage vertical de deux panneaux (1). According to the invention and with reference to FIG. 5, the male coupling means (4) of the inclined assembly edges (2) comprise a tongue (11) projecting from the side wall of the panel (1) and over the entire length. edge length. The female coupling means (5) of the inclined assembly edges (2) comprise a complementary groove (12) formed in the side wall of the panel (1) and over the entire length of the edge. The cooperation between the tongue (11) and the groove (12) enables optimum resistance to the vertical disassembly of two panels (1).
Pour résister au désassemblage horizontal, la languette (11) comprend un ergot (lia) faisant saillie verticalement, et la rainure (12) complémentaire comprend une encoche (12a) complémentaire formant, après assemblage de deux panneaux (1) adjacents, des butées d'arrêt à l'encontre d'un déplacement horizontal entre deux panneaux (1) adjacents assemblés. Bien entendu, la languette (11) peut comprendre une encoche et la rainure (12) peut comprendre un ergot, sans sortir du cadre de l'invention. To resist horizontal disassembly, the tongue (11) comprises a lug (11a) projecting vertically, and the complementary groove (12) comprises a complementary notch (12a) forming, after assembly of two adjacent panels (1), abutments of 'stop against a horizontal movement between two adjacent panels (1) assembled. Of course, the tongue (11) can include a notch and the groove (12) can include a lug, without departing from the scope of the invention.
Comme précédemment évoqué, l'engagement de la languette (11) dans la rainure (12) s'effectue selon une cinématique inclinée, puis par pivotement du panneau (1), la languette (11) est déplacée horizontalement vers le fond de la rainure (12). As previously mentioned, the engagement of the tongue (11) in the groove (12) takes place according to an inclined kinematics, then by pivoting of the panel (1), the tongue (11) is moved horizontally towards the bottom of the groove. (12).
Selon une autre forme de réalisation des bords opposés à assemblage incliné (2) illustrée à la figure 6, la rainure (12) complémentaire des moyens d'accouplement femelles (5) définit une languette femelle inférieure (12b) flexible et destinée à s'écarter lors de l'engagement incliné de la languette (11) des moyens d'accouplement mâles (4), puis à reprendre sa position après engagement pour augmenter la résistance au désassemblage vertical et horizontal de deux panneaux (1) adjacents assemblés. According to another embodiment of the opposite edges with inclined assembly (2) illustrated in FIG. 6, the groove (12) complementary to the female coupling means (5) defines a lower female tongue (12b) which is flexible and intended for s' move away during the inclined engagement of the tongue (11) of the male coupling means (4), then to resume its position after engagement to increase the resistance to vertical and horizontal disassembly of two adjacent assembled panels (1).
Des tests de tenue ont été réalisés avec des moyens d'accouplement mâles (6) et femelles (7) des bords à assemblage vertical (3) comprenant des épaisseurs de 1,4 mm au niveau des fonds des rainures externes (6b, 7b), et des épaisseurs de 2,8 mm au niveau des fonds des rainures internes (6a, 7a). Une résistance au désassemblage verticale de lOOON/lOcm, et une résistance au désassemblage horizontal de 670N/10cm, ont été mesurées. Les propriétés mécaniques de désassemblage horizontal et vertical sont déterminées selon la norme IS024344 sur un banc de traction type Shimadzu Autograph AGS-X, sur des échantillons de 10 cm par 10 cm, à une vitesse de 10 mm/min. Resistance tests were carried out with male (6) and female (7) coupling means of the vertically assembled edges (3) comprising thicknesses of 1.4 mm at the level of the bottoms of the external grooves (6b, 7b). , and thicknesses of 2.8 mm at the level of the bottoms of the internal grooves (6a, 7a). A vertical disassembly strength of 100ON / 10cm, and a horizontal disassembly strength of 670N / 10cm, were measured. The mechanical properties of horizontal and vertical disassembly are determined according to standard IS024344 on a traction bench type Shimadzu Autograph AGS-X, on samples of 10 cm by 10 cm, at a speed of 10 mm / min.
Pour mesurer la force de désassemblage vertical, la contrainte est appliquée perpendiculairement au plan formé par le revêtement de sol assemblé. La force retenue est celle observée lors du désassemblage complet des moyens d'assemblage. To measure the vertical disassembly force, the stress is applied perpendicular to the plane formed by the assembled flooring. The force retained is that observed during the complete disassembly of the assembly means.
Pour mesurer la force de désassemblage horizontal, la contrainte est appliquée selon le plan formé par le revêtement de sol assemblé. La force retenue est celle observée lors du désassemblage complet des moyens d'assemblage. To measure the horizontal disassembly force, the stress is applied along the plane formed by the assembled flooring. The force retained is that observed during the complete disassembly of the assembly means.
Il ressort de ce qui précède que l'invention fournit bien panneau (1) dont l'assemblage s'effectue selon une cinématique inclinée sur un bord, puis verticale sur un bord adjacent dont l'assemblage et facilité et présentant une résistance au désassemblage horizontal et vertical optimale, pouvant éventuellement résister aux passages de charges lourdes, tout en présentant un bon effet de clipsage ainsi qu'une esthétique satisfaisante. It emerges from the foregoing that the invention does indeed provide a panel (1) whose assembly is carried out according to a kinematics inclined on one edge, then vertical on an adjacent edge, the assembly of which and ease and having optimum resistance to horizontal and vertical disassembly, possibly able to withstand the passage of heavy loads, while having a good clipping effect as well as a satisfactory aesthetic.

Claims

Revendications Claims
1. Panneau (1) ayant une forme de lame ou de dalle pour la réalisation d'un revêtement de sol, le panneau (1) comprenant deux paires de côtés opposés définissant : 1. Panel (1) having the shape of a blade or slab for the production of a floor covering, the panel (1) comprising two pairs of opposite sides defining:
- deux bords opposés à assemblage incliné (2), dont un bord comprenant des moyens d'accouplement mâles (4) ménagés à partir d'une paroi latérale du panneau (1), et un bord opposé comprenant des moyens d'accouplement femelles (5) complémentaires ménagés à partir d'une paroi latérale du panneau (1) ; - two opposite edges with inclined assembly (2), one edge comprising male coupling means (4) formed from a side wall of the panel (1), and an opposite edge comprising female coupling means ( 5) complementary formed from a side wall of the panel (1);
- deux bords opposés à assemblage vertical (3), dont un bord comprenant des moyens d'accouplement mâles (6) ménagés à partir d'une face inférieure du panneau (1), et un bord opposé comprenant des moyens d'accouplement femelles (7) complémentaires ménagés à partir d'une face supérieure du panneau (1) ; caractérisé en ce que : - two opposite edges with vertical assembly (3), one edge comprising male coupling means (6) formed from a lower face of the panel (1), and an opposite edge comprising female coupling means ( 7) complementary formed from an upper face of the panel (1); characterized in that:
- les moyens d'accouplement mâles (6) des bords à assemblage vertical (3) comprennent deux rainures parallèles s'étendant le long du bord et débouchant sur la face inférieure du panneau (1), de manière à définir une rainure interne mâle (6a), une rainure externe mâle (6b), un tenon interne mâle (6c), et un tenon externe mâle (6d); - the male coupling means (6) of the vertically assembled edges (3) comprise two parallel grooves extending along the edge and opening onto the underside of the panel (1), so as to define a male internal groove ( 6a), a male external groove (6b), a male internal tenon (6c), and a male external tenon (6d);
- les moyens d'accouplement femelles (7) des bords à assemblage vertical (3) comprennent deux rainures parallèles s'étendant le long du bord et débouchant sur la face supérieure du panneau, de manière à définir une rainure interne femelle (7a), une rainure externe femelle (7c), un tenon interne femelle (7b), et un tenon externe femelle (7d); - the female coupling means (7) of the vertically assembled edges (3) comprise two parallel grooves extending along the edge and opening onto the upper face of the panel, so as to define a female internal groove (7a), a female outer groove (7c), a female inner tenon (7b), and a female outer tenon (7d);
- les moyens d'accouplement mâles (6) des bords à assemblage vertical (3) comprennent deux ergots (8) et/ou encoches (9) et les moyens d'accouplement femelles (7) correspondant comprennent deux encoches (9) et/ou ergots (8) complémentaires formant, après assemblage de deux panneaux adjacents, des butées d'arrêt à l'encontre d'un déplacement vertical entre deux panneaux adjacents assemblés. - the male coupling means (6) of the vertically assembled edges (3) comprise two lugs (8) and / or notches (9) and the corresponding female coupling means (7) comprise two notches (9) and / or complementary lugs (8) forming, after assembly of two adjacent panels, stopping stops against a vertical movement between two adjacent assembled panels.
2. Panneau (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le tenon externe femelle (7d) comporte une partie chanfreinée (10) au niveau de la face inférieure du panneau (1) et formant un angle compris entre 2° et 20° par rapport à la face inférieure du panneau (1), la partie chanfreinée (10) autorise l'abaissement du tenon externe femelle (7d) lors de l'assemblage de deux panneaux (1) adjacents pour venir, par déformation, en contact avec le sol. 2. Panel (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the female external tenon (7d) comprises a chamfered part (10) at the level of the underside of the panel (1) and forming an angle between 2 ° and 20 ° compared to the underside of the panel (1), the chamfered part (10) allows the lowering of the female external tenon (7d) during the assembly of two adjacent panels (1) to come, by deformation, into contact with the ground.
3. Panneau (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les tenons externes mâle (6d) et femelle (7d) présentent des épaisseurs inférieures ou égales aux épaisseurs des tenons internes mâle (6c) et femelle (7c). 3. Panel (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the external male tenons (6d) and female (7d) have thicknesses less than or equal to the thicknesses of the internal male tenons (6c) and female (7c) .
4. Panneau (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les tenons mâles (6c, 6d) et femelles (7c, 7d) sont inclinés par rapport à la verticale et vers l'extérieur du panneau (1). 4. Panel (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the male tenons (6c, 6d) and female (7c, 7d) are inclined relative to the vertical and outwardly of the panel (1) .
5. Panneau (1) selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les tenons mâles (6c, 6d) et/ou femelles (7c, 7d) sont inclinés selon un même angle. 5. Panel (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the male tenons (6c, 6d) and / or female (7c, 7d) are inclined at the same angle.
6. Panneau (1) selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les tenons mâles (6c, 6d) et/ou femelles (7c, 7d) sont inclinés selon un angle compris entre 1° et 45°, et de préférence compris entre 5° et 15°. 6. Panel (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the male tenons (6c, 6d) and / or female (7c, 7d) are inclined at an angle between 1 ° and 45 °, and preferably between 5 ° and 15 °.
7. Panneau (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les ergots (8) ou encoches (9) sont ménagés sur une paroi externe du tenon externe mâle (6d) et/ou femelle (7d), et de manière complémentaire sur une paroi interne de la rainure interne femelle (7a) et/ou mâle (6a). 7. Panel (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lugs (8) or notches (9) are formed on an outer wall of the outer male tenon (6d) and / or female (7d), and in a complementary manner on an internal wall of the internal female (7a) and / or male (6a) groove.
8. Panneau (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les ergots (8) ou encoches (9) sont ménagés sur une paroi externe du tenon interne mâle (6c), et de manière complémentaire les encoches (9) ou ergots (8) sont ménagés sur une paroi externe du tenon interne femelle (7c). 8. Panel (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lugs (8) or notches (9) are formed on an outer wall of the male internal tenon (6c), and in a complementary manner the notches (9) ) or lugs (8) are provided on an external wall of the female internal tenon (7c).
9. Panneau (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les rainures mâles (6a, 6b) et femelles (7a, 7b) des bords à assemblage vertical (3) présentent des parois externes destinées à être en contact deux à deux après assemblage de deux panneaux (1) adjacents. 9. Panel (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the male grooves (6a, 6b) and female (7a, 7b) of the vertically assembled edges (3) have external walls intended to be in contact. two by two after assembling two adjacent panels (1).
10. Panneau (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'accouplement mâles (4) des bords à assemblage incliné (2) comprennent une languette (11) faisant saillie de la paroi latérale du panneau (1) et sur toute la longueur du bord, et les moyens d'accouplement femelles (5) des bords à assemblage incliné (2) comprennent une rainure (12) complémentaire ménagée dans la paroi latérale du panneau (1) et sur toute la longueur du bord. 10. Panel (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the male coupling means (4) of the inclined assembly edges (2) comprise a tongue (11) projecting from the side wall of the panel ( 1) and over the entire length of the edge, and the female coupling means (5) of the inclined joint edges (2) comprise a complementary groove (12) made in the side wall of the panel (1) and over the entire length from the edge.
11. Panneau (1) selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que la languette (11) comprend un ergot (lia) faisant saillie verticalement, et la rainure (12) complémentaire comprend une encoche (12a) complémentaire formant, après assemblage de deux panneaux (1) adjacents, des butées d'arrêt à l'encontre d'un déplacement horizontal entre deux panneaux (1) adjacents assemblés. 11. Panel (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the tongue (11) comprises a lug (11a) projecting vertically, and the complementary groove (12) comprises a complementary notch (12a) forming, after assembly of two adjacent panels (1), stops against a horizontal movement between two adjacent panels (1) assembled.
12. Panneau (1) selon l'une des revendications 10 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la rainure (12) définit une languette femelle inférieure flexible destinée à s'écarter de la face supérieure du panneau (1) lors de l'engagement incliné de la languette (11) des moyens d'accouplement mâles (4), puis à reprendre sa position après engagement pour augmenter la résistance au désassemblage vertical et horizontal de deux panneaux (1) adjacents assemblés. 12. Panel (1) according to one of claims 10 to 11, characterized in that the groove (12) defines a flexible lower female tongue intended to move away from the upper face of the panel (1) during engagement. inclined of the tongue (11) of the male coupling means (4), then to return to its position after engagement to increase the resistance to vertical and horizontal disassembly of two adjacent assembled panels (1).
EP20845415.7A 2019-12-23 2020-12-14 Panel for producing self-locking floor covering Pending EP4045732A1 (en)

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FR1915491A FR3105280B1 (en) 2019-12-23 2019-12-23 Panel for the realization of a free-standing floor covering
PCT/FR2020/052431 WO2021130431A1 (en) 2019-12-23 2020-12-14 Panel for producing self-locking floor covering

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CN114929978B (en) 2024-06-04
CN114929978A (en) 2022-08-19
FR3105280A1 (en) 2021-06-25
FR3105280B1 (en) 2021-11-26
WO2021130431A1 (en) 2021-07-01
US20230008174A1 (en) 2023-01-12

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