EP3891349B1 - Vertically assembled panel for the realisation of a covering - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

The present invention relates to the field of floor or wall coverings, and more particularly relates to a polyvinyl chloride panel having the shape of a blade or slab for the production of such coverings.

In general, this type of panel comprises two pairs of opposite sides defining four edges, of which two edges comprise male coupling means, and two edges comprise complementary female coupling means, with a view to assembly of two adjacent panels according to a vertical kinematics.

PRIOR ART

In the field of floor or wall coverings, it is well known to use panels comprising complementary male and female coupling means.

• des moyens d'accouplement mâles constitués d'une rainure dite proximale destinée à déboucher sur une face inférieure du panneau, et d'une languette distale flexible destinée à s'étendre à une extrémité d'un bord du panneau vers la face inférieure de celui-ci ;
• des moyens d'accouplement femelles constitués d'une rainure proximale destinée à déboucher sur une face supérieure du panneau et d'une languette flexible distale destinée à s'étendre à une extrémité d'un bord opposé du panneau, vers la face supérieure dudit panneau.

It is for example known from the document WO2016/030627 , on behalf of the applicant, a floor panel for the production of a coating comprising:

• male coupling means consisting of a so-called proximal groove intended to open onto a lower face of the panel, and of a flexible distal tongue intended to extend at one end of an edge of the panel towards the lower face of that -this ;
• female coupling means consisting of a proximal groove intended to open onto an upper face of the panel and of a distal flexible tongue intended to extend at one end of an opposite edge of the panel, towards the upper face of said panel .

According to this state of the art, the flexible distal tab of the male coupling means has a proximal wall inclined at a first angle by relative to a vertical plane downward and outward, and the flexible distal tongue of the female coupling means has a proximal wall inclined at a second angle relative to a vertical plane upward and outward.

According to another characteristic, the distal tongue of at least one of the male or female coupling panels has a distal wall comprising a lug or a notch capable of cooperating with a notch or a lug made on a proximal wall that the groove has. of the corresponding female or male coupling means of an adjacent panel, to form a stopper, preventing vertical displacement of the panel relative to the adjacent panel.

To reduce the clipping force, the flexible distal tongue of the female coupling means comprises a chamfered part intended to form an angle of between 2° and 20° with respect to the main plane of the panel, making it possible to create a deformation of the tongue flexible distal so that it is easier to assemble two adjacent panels together.

The panel disclosed in this prior art has good resistances to vertical disassembly, but can be greatly improved in terms of resistance to horizontal disassembly. The solution implemented to overcome this drawback, and thus resist the passage of heavy loads, such as the passage of forklifts, is to glue the panel to the surface to be coated. This solution is not appropriate because the installation becomes long and complex.

It is also known from the prior art the document EP1350904 , which describes a panel for producing a covering comprising male-female coupling means, the male coupling means being made up of two tenons cooperating with two grooves. One of the tenons has a lug cooperating with a notch. The tenon of the male coupling means arranged on the interior side of the panel has a shape making it possible to avoid horizontal disassembly, in particular a frustoconical shape.

Besides the complexity of the profile of the male coupling means, which weakens the outer tenon, the clipping effect of said outer tenon can be greatly improved.

An assembly between two adjacent panels by means of complementary dovetail shapes is also known, which makes it possible to maximize the bearing surfaces between the complementary coupling means and therefore the resistance to horizontal disassembly.

However, the manufacturing process of complementary dovetail coupling means is slow, since it is made by cutting with a punch. Furthermore, the complementary coupling means are visible on the surface of the panel, which is detrimental to the general aesthetics of the floor covering.

It is also known the document WO2012136021 .

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

One of the aims of the invention is therefore to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks by proposing a panel with vertical assembly for the production of a covering, which has an optimal resistance to horizontal disassembly, in particular to resist the passage of heavy loads, while while presenting a good clipping effect, as well as satisfactory aesthetics.

To this end, a panel has been developed according to claim 1, having the shape of a blade or a slab, preferably made of a plastic material for the production of a floor covering, a wall covering or possibly a ceiling. The panel includes two pairs of opposing sides defining four edges, two edges of which include male coupling means, and two edges including complementary female coupling means. The assembly kinematics of two adjacent panels is vertical.

• les moyens d'accouplement mâles comprennent deux rainures parallèles s'étendant le long du bord et débouchant sur une face inférieure du panneau, de manière à définir une rainure interne mâle, une rainure externe mâle, un tenon interne mâle, et un tenon externe mâle ;
• les moyens d'accouplement femelles comprennent deux rainures parallèles s'étendant le long du bord et débouchant sur une face supérieure du panneau, de manière à définir une rainure interne femelle, une rainure externe femelle, un tenon interne femelle, et un tenon externe femelle ;
• les moyens d'accouplement mâles comprennent deux ergots et/ou encoches et les moyens d'accouplement femelles comprennent deux encoches et/ou ergots complémentaires formant, après assemblage de deux panneaux adjacents, des butées d'arrêt à l'encontre d'un déplacement vertical entre deux panneaux adjacents assemblés ;
• les tenons mâles et femelles sont inclinés vers l'extérieur du panneau.

According to the invention:

• the male coupling means comprise two parallel grooves extending along the edge and opening on an underside of the panel, so as to define an internal male groove, an external male groove, an internal male tenon, and an external male tenon ;
• the female coupling means comprise two parallel grooves extending along the edge and opening onto an upper face of the panel, so as to define an internal female groove, an external female groove, an internal female tenon, and an external female tenon ;
• the male coupling means comprise two lugs and/or notches and the female coupling means comprise two complementary notches and/or lugs forming, after assembly of two adjacent panels, stops against movement vertical between two adjacent assembled panels;
• the male and female studs are angled outward from the panel.

Thus, the presence of the two tenons at the level of the male and female coupling means significantly improves the force required for the horizontal disassembly of two adjacent assembled panels. Furthermore, the two pairs of lugs/notches make it possible to maintain good resistance to vertical disassembly.

Furthermore, the male and female grooves have outer walls intended to be in contact two by two after assembly of two adjacent panels to improve the resistance to horizontal disassembly of the two panels.

Preferably, the female outer tenon has a chamfered part at the underside of the panel and forming an angle of between 2° and 20° with respect to the underside of the panel. The chamfered part allows the lowering of the female outer tenon when assembling two adjacent panels to come, by deformation, into contact with the ground and thus provide a reduction in the assembly effort.

In order to balance the stresses in the thickness of the panel during a horizontal disassembly force, the external male and female tenons have thicknesses less than or equal to the thicknesses of the internal male and female tenons. In particular, the greater thickness of the internal tenons makes it possible to balance the two sides of the assembly means to avoid disassembly.

The male and female tenons are inclined towards the outside of the panel in order to simplify the machining of the means male and female mating.

Furthermore, this characteristic facilitates the assembly of two panels together because the grooves open more easily when the tenons are inserted.

Preferably, the male and/or female studs are inclined at the same angle, in order to facilitate machining, and are inclined, for example, at an angle of between 1° and 45°, and preferably of between 5° and 15° .

According to different embodiments, the lugs or notches are formed on an outer wall of the male and/or female outer tenon, and in a complementary manner on an inner wall of the female and/or male inner groove.

Alternatively or in combination, the lugs or notches are formed on an outer wall of the internal male tenon, and in a complementary manner the notches or lugs are formed on an outer wall of the internal female tenon.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES

• [Fig 1] : -la figure 1 est une représentation schématique de deux panneaux selon l'invention, avec des moyens d'accouplement mâles sur deux côtés adjacents, et des moyens d'accouplement femelles sur deux côtés adjacents opposés ;
• [Fig 2] : - la figure 2 est une représentation schématique de deux panneaux selon l'invention, avec des moyens d'accouplement mâles sur deux côtés opposés, et des moyens d'accouplement femelles sur deux côtés adjacents opposés adjacents ;
• [Fig.3] : - la figure 3 est une vue partielle en coupe transversale d'une première forme de réalisation des moyens d'accouplement mâles et femelles d'un même panneau ;
• [Fig 4] : -la figure 4 est une vue partielle en coupe transversale d'une seconde forme de réalisation des moyens d'accouplement mâles et femelles d'un même panneau ;
• [Fig 5] : -la figure 5 est une vue partielle en coupe transversale de deux panneaux selon la seconde forme de réalisation des moyens d'accouplement mâles et femelles illustrée à la figure 4, les deux panneaux étant assemblés.

Other advantages and characteristics will emerge better from the description which follows, of several variant embodiments, given by way of non-limiting examples, of the panel according to the invention, from the appended drawings in which:

• [ Fig 1 ] : -there figure 1 is a schematic representation of two panels according to the invention, with male coupling means on two adjacent sides, and female coupling means on two opposite adjacent sides;
• [ Fig 2 ] : - there picture 2 is a schematic representation of two panels according to the invention, with male coupling means on two opposite sides, and female coupling means on two adjacent opposite sides;
• [ Fig.3 ] : - there picture 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the male and female coupling means of the same panel;
• [ Fig 4 ] : -there figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the male and female coupling means of the same panel;
• [ Fig.5 ] : -there figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of two panels according to the second embodiment of the male and female coupling means illustrated in figure 4 , the two panels being assembled.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

With reference to figures 1 to 5 , the invention relates to a panel (1) for producing a covering, for example of a floor, a wall or possibly a ceiling.

In a particular application, the panel (1) according to the invention is used to produce floor coverings and is advantageous in that it has an optimum resistance to horizontal disassembly, that is to say for example greater than 660N /10cm, allowing it in particular to resist the passage of heavy loads, such as the passage of forklifts.

The floor panel (1) according to the invention is preferably made of a plastic material, such as polyvinyl chloride, for example plasticized, and optionally comprising a mineral filler. However, it is obvious that the panel (1) according to the invention can be obtained in any suitable plastic material.

According to a particular embodiment, the panel according to the invention is resilient, for example made from plasticized or rigid polyvinyl chloride.

Preferably, the panel has a core bonded to a decorative layer consisting of a decorative film bonded to a transparent surface layer.

The core can be monolayer or multilayer, and made for example from plastic material such as polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyurethane, thermoplastic polyurethane, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, or any other suitable plastic material, and comprising possibly fillers in the form of fibres, shavings, dust or sawdust and/or mineral fillers, for example chalk, lime, talc, and one or more plasticizers in order to define the rigidity of the core.

The core, or a layer of the core in the case of a multi-layered core, may optionally be based on urea formalin or melamine formalin and wood, for example layers of medium density fiberboard (MDF) or fiberglass. High Density (HDF). Each layer can also be a layer of laminated wood, wood composite (WPC “wood plastic composite” in English).

Each layer can be compact or foamed. By way of example, the core can be made with a foamed layer of rigid polyvinyl chloride sandwiched between two layers of compact rigid polyvinyl chloride.

In a known manner, and with reference to figure 1 And 2 , the panel (1) comprises a rectangular or square shape and comprises two pairs of opposite sides defining four edges. Two edges of the panel (1), adjacent ( Fig. 1 ) or opposite ( Fig. 2 ), comprise male coupling means (2), while the other two edges comprise complementary female coupling means (3).

With reference to the figure 5 , the male (2) and female (3) coupling means make it possible to assemble, according to a vertical kinematics, two panels (1) adjacent to each other with a view to producing the coating. After assembly, the upper and facing edges of two panels (1) are preferably in contact for optimal aesthetics.

According to the invention and with reference to figures 3 to 5 , the male coupling means (2) comprise two parallel grooves extending along the edge and opening onto an underside of the panel (1), so as to define an internal male groove (2a), an external male groove ( 2b), a male internal tenon (2c), and an external male tenon (2d). By “internal” is meant the side of the body of the panel (1), inwards, and by “external” is meant the side of the exterior of the panel (1).

In the same way, the female coupling means (3) are complementary and also comprise two parallel grooves extending along the edge and opening onto an upper face of the panel (1), so as to define a female inner groove (3a), a female outer groove (3b), a female inner stud (3c), and a female outer stud (3d).

The male (2c, 2d) and female (3c, 3d) tenons comprise substantially rectangular cross-sections, and are flexible and elastically deformable to allow their engagement in the corresponding female (3a, 3b) and male (2a, 2b) grooves.

From the foregoing and with reference to the figure 5 , when two panels (1) are assembled together, the male coupling means (2) of a first panel (1) are intended to come into engagement with the female coupling means (3) of a second panel (1), in particular according to a vertical kinematics.

The presence of the two tenons at the level of the male (2) and female (3) coupling means makes it possible to significantly improve the force required for the horizontal disassembly of two panels (1). By horizontal disassembly is meant the exercise of a tensile force at the level of each of the panels (1), parallel to the plane defined by the panels (1), with a view to separating them from each other. Such a tensile force is exerted for example, for a floor covering, when heavy loads circulate on two adjacent panels (1), at the level of the border between said two panels (1), for example during the passage of a forklift, and for a wall covering, this force is exerted in particular by gravity.

In order to further improve the resistance to horizontal disassembly of two panels (1) and with reference to the figure 5 , the male (2a, 2b) and female (3a, 3b) grooves each have external walls, that is to say positioned, not on the side of the body of the panel (1), but on the outside side of the panel (1), intended to be in contact two by two, after assembly of the two panels (1). To obtain contact two by two, the grooves and studs have appropriate widths and/or inclinations. By way of example, the tenons and grooves have widths of the order of 2 mm, and are inclined by 10° with respect to the vertical and towards the outside of the panel. More specifically, the panel illustrated in figure 4 has a female outer stud (3d) with a width of 2.02 mm, a female inner stud (3c) with a width of 1.95 mm, a groove internal male groove (2a) with a width of 2 mm, and an external male groove (2b) with a width of 1.98 mm.

Pairwise contact means that the outer walls of the male grooves (2a, 2b) are in contact with the outer walls of the female grooves (3a, 3b). In practice, after assembly these walls in contact are parallel to each other. After assembly, and preferably, at least one male stud (2c, 2d) is in contact with the bottom of the corresponding female groove (3b, 3a) in order to have vertical support. Furthermore, after assembly, there preferably remains a clearance of a few tenths of a millimeter between the external vertical wall of the female external tenon (3d), located under the notch (5), with the vertical wall facing the internal male groove (2a), located under the lug (4). This feature facilitates assembly.

Always according to figure 4 , the external and internal vertical walls of the female internal tenon (3c) as well as the internal vertical wall of the external vertical tenon (3d) are inclined towards the outside of the panel while the external vertical wall of the external vertical tenon (3d) is inclined towards the inside of the panel, for example between 1 and 5°, preferably 3°. This combination of inclinations makes it easier to assemble the female outer tenon (3d) and the male inner groove (2a).

The assembly will be all the more simple as the angles of inclination of the vertical walls internal tenon (3c) as well as the internal vertical wall of the external tenon (3d) will be close to the vertical, to the detriment of the resistance to vertical unclipping. More preferably, these three walls are parallel to each other in order to limit the deformation of the grooves during assembly. Preferably, the walls of the corresponding grooves have the same angle of inclination.

In the configuration shown according to figure 4 , the external and internal vertical walls of the female internal tenon (3c) as well as the internal vertical wall of the external vertical tenon (3d) can thus be parallel and inclined by 3° to 10°, preferably by 5° towards the outside of the panel . This is particularly advantageous if the material used for making the core of the panel is not flexible enough for the grooves and tenons to deform elastically when assembling the panels.

In order to form stops against a vertical displacement between two panels (1) assembled, and to participate in the resistance to vertical disassembly, the male coupling means (2) comprise two lugs (4) and/or notches (5), and the female coupling means (3) comprise, in a complementary manner, two complementary notches (5) and/or lugs (4) forming, after assembly of the two panels (1), the stops stop.

Thus, several embodiments are possible. For example, the male coupling means (2) comprise either two lugs (4), or two notches (5), or a lug (4) and a notch (5), adapted to cooperate with, in a complementary manner, either two notches (5), or two lugs (4), or a notch (5) and a lug (4), provided on the female coupling means (3).

For example, the lugs (4) or notches (5) are made on an outer wall of the male (2d) and/or female (3d) outer tenon, and in a complementary manner on an inner wall of the female inner groove (3a) and/or male (2a).

Furthermore, in combination, the lugs (4) or notches (5) are, for example, formed on an outer wall of the internal male tenon (2c), and in a complementary manner the notches (5) or lugs (4) are formed on an outer wall of the internal female tenon (3c).

Thus, according to a first embodiment illustrated in picture 3 , the male coupling means (2) comprise a lug (4) formed on the external wall of the internal male tenon (2c), and a lug (4) formed on the external wall of the male external tenon (2d) and, in a complementary manner, the female coupling means (3) comprise a notch (5) provided on an outer wall of the internal female tenon (3c), and a notch (5) provided on an internal wall of the internal female groove (3a) .

According to a second embodiment illustrated in figure 4 , the male coupling means (2) comprise a lug (4) made on the outer wall of the male outer tenon (2d), and a lug (4) made on the inner wall of the male inner groove (2a) and, in a complementary manner, the female coupling means (3) comprise a notch (5) formed on an internal wall of the internal female groove (3a), and a notch (5) formed on an external wall of the external female stud (3d).

Of course, other embodiments can be envisaged with different combinations of notches (5)/lugs (4), without departing from the scope of the invention according to the appended claims.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the female external tenon (3d) comprises a chamfered part (6) at the level of the lower face of the panel (1) and forming an angle comprised between 2° and 20° with respect to the face bottom of the panel (1). Thus, when assembling the two adjacent panels (1), the chamfered part (6) allows the lowering of the female outer tenon (3d) to come, by deformation, into contact with the ground, and thus provide a reduction in assembly effort. The chamfered part (6) can extend under the female outer tenon (3d), or even under the female outer groove (3b), or even up to the female inner groove (3a), and this in order to facilitate assembly by making the whole thing more flexible.

Furthermore, the upper face of the panel (1) may also have chamfers at the level of the external male tenon (2) and of the internal female groove (3a) in order to participate in the general aesthetics of the panels (1), after assembly . Each chamfer forms an angle of between 2° and 20° with respect to the upper face of the panel (1). The interface between the two assembled panels thus forms a V-shaped groove, see figure 5 .

In order to facilitate the assembly of two adjacent panels (1), and in particular the engagement of the male coupling means (2) inside the female coupling means (3), the male tenons (2c, 2d) and females (3c, 3d) are inclined towards the outside of the panel (1). This characteristic also makes it possible to facilitate the manufacture, and in particular the machining of the male (2) and female (3) coupling means.

According to different embodiments, the male studs (2c, 2d) are inclined at the same angle, for example between 1 and 45°, and preferably between 5 and 15°. In the same way, and according to a particular embodiment, the female studs (3c, 3d) are inclined at the same angle, for example also between 1 and 45°, and preferably between 5 and 15°. Finally, according to a particular embodiment, the male studs (2c, 2d) are inclined at the same angle as the female studs (3c, 3d). On the figure 3 And 4 , the inclination of the male (2c, 2d) and female (3c, 3d) tenons is 10°.

Always with the aim of participating in the resistance to horizontal disassembly, and also to balance the stresses in the thickness of the panel (1) during such a disassembly effort, the external male (2d) and female (3d) studs have thicknesses less than or equal to the thicknesses of the male (2c) and female (3c) internal tenons. In other words, the inner studs (2c, 3c) are thicker than the outer studs (2d, 3d). By thickness is meant the height, or the distance between the lower face and the upper face of the panel (1), at the level of said tenons.

Another way of characterizing the thickness or the height of the tenons consists in characterizing the thickness of the panel (1) between the upper face of the panel (1) and the bottom of the male grooves (2a, 2b) for the coupling means males (2), and the thickness between the underside of the panel (1) and the bottom of the female grooves (3a, 3b) for the female coupling means (3). Thus, for the female coupling means (3), the thickness between the lower face of the panel (1) and the bottom of the female external groove (3b) is less than the thickness between the lower face of the panel (1 ) and the bottom of the internal female groove (3a). In the same way, for the male coupling means (2), the thickness between the upper face of the panel (1) and the bottom of the external male groove (2b) is less than the thickness between the upper face of the panel (1) and the bottom of the internal male groove (2a).

The invention applies preferably to a panel (1) having a thickness greater than 4 mm, and preferably between 5 and 10 mm, or even greater.

In general, the shortest distance or thickness between the bottom of the male (2a, 2b) or female (3a, 3b) grooves and the upper or lower corresponding face of the panel (1) is between 20% and 60% the thickness of the panel (1). According to a particular example, the thickness at the bottom of the external grooves (2b, 3b) is between 20% and 45% of the thickness of the panel (1), and the thickness at the bottom of the internal grooves ( 2a, 3a) is between 20 and 60% of the thickness of the panel (1).

By way of example, for a panel (1) comprising a thickness of 6 mm and coupling means as shown in picture 3 , the thickness at the bottom of the female outer groove (3b) is 1.85 mm, while the thickness at the bottom of the female inner groove (3a) is 3.08 mm. The thickness at the bottom of the male outer groove (2b) is 1.4mm, while the thickness at the bottom of the male inner groove (2a) is 3.08mm.

Still by way of example, for a panel (1) comprising a thickness of 6 mm and coupling means as shown in figure 4 , the thickness at the bottom of the female outer groove (3b) is 2.37 mm, while the thickness at the bottom of the female inner groove (3a) is 3.11 mm. The thickness at the bottom of the male outer groove (2b) is 2.34mm, while the thickness at the bottom of the male inner groove (2a) is 2.66mm.

According to a particular embodiment, the thicknesses of the male coupling means (2) at the level of the bottoms of the male grooves (2a, 2b) are equal to the thicknesses of the female coupling means (3) at the level of the bottoms of the female grooves (3a, 3b).

Strength tests were carried out with male (2) and female (3) coupling means comprising thicknesses of 1.4 mm at the bottoms of the external grooves (2b, 3b), and thicknesses of 2.8 mm at the bottoms of the internal grooves (2a, 3a). A vertical disassembly strength of 1000N/10cm, and a horizontal disassembly strength of 670N/10cm, were measured. The mechanical properties of horizontal and vertical disassembly are determined according to the ISO24344 standard on a Shimadzu Autograph AGS-X type tensile bench, on samples of 10 cm by 10 cm, at a speed of 10 mm/min.

To measure the vertical disassembly force, the stress is applied perpendicular to the plane formed by the assembled flooring. The force retained is that observed during the complete disassembly of the assembly means.

To measure the horizontal disassembly force, the stress is applied along the plane formed by the assembled flooring. The force retained is that observed during the complete disassembly of the assembly means.

It emerges from the foregoing that the invention indeed provides a panel (1) with vertical assembly for the production of a covering, which has an optimum resistance to horizontal disassembly, in particular to resist the passage of heavy loads, while having a good clipping effect, as well as satisfying aesthetics.

Claims (8)

1. - Panel (1) having a blade or slab shape for the realization of a floor or wall covering, said panel (1) comprising two pairs of opposite sides defining four edges, with two edges comprising male coupling means (2), and two edges comprising complementary female coupling means (3), the assembly kinematics of two adjacent panels (1) being vertical,

   - the male coupling means (2) comprise two parallel grooves extending along the edge and opening onto a lower face of the panel (1), so as to define an inner male groove (2a), an outer male groove (2b), an inner male tenon (2c), and an outer male tenon (2d);

   - the female coupling means (3) comprise two parallel grooves extending along the edge and opening onto an upper face of the panel (1), so as to define an inner female groove (3a), an outer female groove (3b), an inner female tenon (3c), and an outer female tenon (3d);

   - the male coupling means (2) comprise two protrusions (4) and/or notches (5), and the female coupling means (3) comprise two complementary notches (5) and/or protrusions (4), forming, after assembly of two adjacent panels (1), stoppers against vertical displacement between two assembled adjacent panels (1); characterized in that the male tenons (2c, 2d) and female tenons (3c, 3d) are inclined outward from the panel (1).
2. Panel (1) according to claim 1, wherein the outer female tenon (3d) has a chamfered portion (6) at the level of the lower face of the panel (1) and forming an angle ranging from 2° to 20° with respect to the lower face of the panel (1), the chamfered portion (6) allows the lowering of the outer female tenon (3d) during the assembly of two adjacent panels (1) to come, by deformation, into contact with the floor.
3. Panel (1) according to any preceding claim, wherein the male external tenons (2d) and female external tenons (3d) have thicknesses less than or equal to the thicknesses of the male internal tenons (2c) and female internal tenons (3c).
4. Panel (1) according to claim 1, wherein the male tenons (2c, 2d) and/or female tenons (3c, 3d) are inclined at the same angle.
5. Panel (1) according to claim 4, wherein the male tenons (2c, 2d) and/or female tenons (3c, 3d) are inclined at an angle ranging from 1 to 45°, and preferably ranging from 5° to 15°.
6. Panel (1) according to any preceding claim, wherein the protrusions (4) or notches (5) are formed on an outer wall of the outer male tenon (2d) and/or female tenon (3d), and complementarily on an inner wall of the inner female groove (3a) and/or male groove (2a).
7. Panel (1) according to any preceding claim, wherein the protrusions (4) or notches (5) are formed on an outer wall of the inner male tenon (2c), and complementarily the notches (5) or protrusions (4) are formed on an outer wall of the inner female tenon (3c).
8. Panel (1) according to any preceding claim, wherein the male grooves (2a, 2b) and female grooves (3a, 3b) have outer walls intended to come into contact with each other after assembly of two adjacent panels (1).

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