EP4019730A1 - Double-wing door - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a double-leaf door for buildings, garages, furniture, vehicles, aircraft, ships, cabins or the like, comprising two essentially mirror-symmetrically arranged, flat or arched rotary leaves which are arranged to rotate on a door frame, window frame or furniture body, parallel to one another running, preferably vertical axes of rotation on the opposite sides of the rotary vane. The two rotary vanes are kinematically positively coupled to one another in such a way that they rotate synchronously in opposite directions, and that both rotary vanes are opened or closed synchronously by actuating only one rotary vane or by driving the positively coupled kinematics.

Description

subject of the invention

The invention relates to a double-leaf door for buildings, garages, furniture, vehicles, aircraft, ships, cabins or the like, comprising two essentially mirror-symmetrically arranged, flat or arched rotary leaves which are arranged to rotate on a door frame, window frame or furniture body, parallel to one another running, preferably vertical axes of rotation on the opposite sides of the rotary vane.

Prior art and disadvantages of the prior art

Walking or driving over building doors with widely conventional (single-leaf and essentially flat) wing doors (technical jargon: door leaves) is often a considerable challenge for people with restricted physical mobility. In particular for wheelchair or walker users, but also for people with walking aids such as crutches or walking sticks, the ergonomic compulsion to move a swing door over almost its entire quarter circle, the radius of which in care facilities is often more than one meter, is uncomfortable and risky: Reaching for the rotary handle (door handle) and moving it in a sweeping circular arc is often only possible with tedious maneuvering that is often dangerous when falling.

They face this problem EP 0 219 589 A1 , the DE 42 08 238 A1 and the DE 298 10 559 U1 with folding/sliding door systems with the same kinematics, the common disadvantage of which is, on the one hand, that the door handle still has to be moved across the entire clear width of the doorway: For someone who is confined to a wheelchair, this is a considerable risk because they are far out of the way seat has to lean out - especially if the folding door is to be closed again after driving through the doorway. On the other hand, this door system requires a longitudinal guide that is always structurally is more complex and vulnerable than a pivot bearing and also often causes undesirable running noises. Furthermore, this type of door has the system-related disadvantage of drafts, since the door requires a corresponding edge joint due to its kinematic penetration of the door frame.

A folding/sliding door leaf helps with the latter disadvantage DE 200 21 081 U1 or DE 203 08 740 U1 Although from, but also requires the displacement of the free end with an operating handle (door handle) provided door leaf sliding movement over the entire clear width of the door opening. This has the ergonomic disadvantages and risk of accidents already mentioned. In particular, the kinematic disadvantage that the closed door is a stretched knee joint when viewed from above is striking. When opening the door, the knee joint consisting of both door leaves must first be bent, so that the lateral sliding movement allows the folding axis to be bent out perpendicularly with reasonable operating force. Thus, the initiation of the opening movement - even for a vigorous user - is extremely uncomfortable.

This is countered by a pivoting space-saving door DE 20 2015 003 214 U1 , which has an asymmetrically divided door leaf with a parallelogram-like lever system. Although this allows for smooth opening, the operating path to full opening is not inconsiderable.

Like the design of the last writing, those of the previously cited writings are all designed asymmetrically. This structural circumstance makes it considerably more difficult for people with limited mobility to enter or drive into building rooms: Even if they can use their vital side effectively, their mobility is overwhelmed when they leave the room.

The latter circumstance also applies to those in the DE 20 2020 107 478 U1 described embodiment to: Even if the two rotary vanes (3,4) are positively coupled to one another in such a way that they always assume a substantially mirror-symmetrical angular position, the rotary vane (3) is the driving one and the rotary vane (4) is the driven one. Thus, despite comfortably passing through the door in one direction in the opposite direction, the ergonomically disadvantageous prerequisites described exist.

aim of the invention

The aim of the invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art described and to create a component that is as space-saving as possible and easy to operate, which can also be installed in standard frames and can therefore be retrofitted in the existing building and, if necessary, (electrically) motorized and thus remotely controlled . The operating and collision paths for people with restricted mobility should be minimized and the maximum clear width of a wall opening should still be usable in order to enable living and working as barrier-free as possible. In particular, the door should be able to be operated and passed through in both directions equally easily by people with limited mobility on one side.

Brief description of the invention

In the case of the double-leaf door (i.e. double door) of the type mentioned at the outset, these tasks are achieved according to the invention in that the two rotating leaves are kinematically positively coupled to one another in such a way that they rotate synchronously in opposite directions, and that by actuating a rotating leaf or by driving the forcibly coupled kinematics the synchronous opening or closing of both rotary sashes takes place.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the two rotating wings have a total of four actuating handles on their inside and outside are equipped, so that the synchronous opening or closing of both rotary sashes takes place by operating any actuation handle.

For use in furniture, the operating handles can be an integral part of the respective rotating leaf.

The door according to the invention is particularly preferably a building door, i.e. a door on or in a building, in particular an interior door in a building.

Pivoted double doors and windows are known in principle. Both rotary sashes are usually arranged mechanically independently of each other, of which usually only one is accessed - or operated in the case of windows. Therefore, a distinction is made between a fixed leaf (used only in special cases) and a leaf or window leaf equipped with a door or window handle (and usually used). Active leaves of conventional double doors are either too narrow for walkers or wheelchairs to pass through, or too wide to be comfortably operated and driven on, since they have the same disadvantages that have already been described for a single-leaf component (door or window).

The inventive idea therefore pursues the goal of operating (or driving) only one door or window sash (or the mechanism coupling both sashes according to the invention), but thereby moving both sashes simultaneously. The result is the opening or closing of the wall outlet over its entire width, regardless of which of the (preferably four in total) actuating handles, which are preferably arranged in duplicate on the inside and outside of the door, is operated. This only requires extremely short operating distances in the direction of passage, which makes the handling of walking or driving aids considerably easier and minimizes the risk of falling. According to the invention, this is made possible by the kinematic forced coupling by a mechanical gear, which ensures that both rotary vanes permanently assume an essentially mirror-symmetrical angular position relative to one another.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, both rotating wings are each divided longitudinally into a rotating section and a folding section, with one side of the rotating section being rotatable on the stationary belt axis and the folding section being rotatable on the folding axis arranged on the other side of the rotating section, which runs parallel to the belt axis , is pivoted. The kinematic forced coupling causes these foldable rotary panels to essentially always assume the same folding angle when the door is opened and closed. The design of the double-leaf door with foldable rotary leaves has the advantage of particularly short operating distances and a particularly small space requirement for the open door leaves.

To implement the kinematic forced coupling, the invention preferably uses a pair of gears arranged mirror-symmetrically to the door and on the underside of the door lintel as a reversing or reversing gear and preferably designed as a spur gear with gear rims completely or partially enclosing the circumference of the gears and meshing with one another. Both gearwheel axes run parallel to the two axes of rotation (and possibly the two folding axes) of the two equally operable rotating leaves and are arranged in a plane that is parallel to the door frame.

According to an advantageous embodiment, each of the two meshing gear wheels or gear wheel segments has a swivel arm that is fastened to it and can be adjusted in the direction of rotation and in the longitudinal direction, if necessary. Both swivel arms permanently assume an essentially mirror-symmetrical angular position. The two free ends of the swivel arms each have a joint. This is attached to the free end of a boom which is fastened to the folding section so that it can be adjusted in its horizontal plane. This creates a forced mechanical coupling which ensures that when any actuation handle is operated, both rotating sections rotate about their stationary belt axes and both folding sections rotate about their folding axes, with the identical pair of sections permanently occupying a substantially mirror-symmetrical position.

The subject of the invention should be equally applicable to doors and windows. The "hybrid" alone compels window doors to do this. This means windows that run down to the floor and are therefore accessible. So what was said here for doors also applies to windows and also applies to multi-door furniture.

Recently, there has been a trend towards flush-fitting components in interior design. This has led to recessed or omitted handles on furniture and so-called concealed hinges (and therefore invisible when the door is closed) on building doors. Their sophisticated kinematics require a parallel shifting door rotation axis (hinge axis) when the door (or window) is opened and closed. The present invention also does justice to this circumstance and also includes the kinematic phenomenon for the described folding axis.

Description of an embodiment

Fig. 1:

Eine perspektivische Vorderansicht einer geschlossenen, doppelflügeligen Tür;

Fig. 2:

eine Druntersicht auf die geschlossene, doppelflügelige Tür mit Drehabschnitt, Faltabschnitt und Schwenkarmgetriebe;

Fig. 3:

eine Druntersicht auf die teilgeöffnete, doppelflügelige Tür mit Drehabschnitt, Faltabschnitt und Schwenkarmgetriebe;

Fig. 4:

eine Druntersicht auf die vollständig geöffnete, doppelflügelige Tür mit Drehabschnitt, Faltabschnitt und Schwenkarmgetriebe;

Fig. 5:

eine Druntersicht auf die geschlossene, doppelflügelige Tür, deren einer Drehflügel einteilig ist und deren anderer aus Dreh- und Faltabschnitt besteht; und

Fig. 6:

eine Druntersicht auf die teilgeöffnete Tür, deren einer Drehflügel einteilig ist und deren anderer aus Dreh- und Faltabschnitt besteht.

Further features, details and advantages of the invention - which can also be relevant to the invention in a combination that is not explicitly mentioned - result from the wording of the claims and from the following description of an exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawings. Show it:

Figure 1:

A perspective front view of a closed, double-leaf door;

Figure 2:

a bottom view of the closed, double-leaf door with rotating section, folding section and swivel arm gear;

Figure 3:

a bottom view of the partially open, double-leaf door with rotating section, folding section and swivel arm gear;

Figure 4:

a bottom view of the fully opened, double-leaf door with rotating section, folding section and swing arm gear;

Figure 5:

a bottom view of the closed, double-leaf door, one of which is a rotating wing in one piece and the other consists of rotating and folding sections; and

Figure 6:

a bottom view of the partially open door, one of which is a rotating wing in one piece and the other consists of a rotating and folding section.

In 1 a double-leaf door, designated 1, is shown, the two rotating leaves 3 of which are mounted mirror-symmetrically on door hinges 6 in a known design on a door frame 8 so as to be rotatable. The two rotary wings 3 each consist of a rotary section 4 and a folding section 5 arranged on it so that it can rotate and fold relative to it. Both folding sections 5 are each provided with an actuating handle 2 on its inside and outside. The resulting and in 2 visible, a total of four operating handles 2 can be operated with equal rights and lead to the in 3 and 4 illustrated, mirror-symmetrical opening of both rotating wings 3, the two rotating sections 4 rotating about the two belt axes 6 and the two folding sections 5 rotating about the two folding axes 7. The existing over the entire movement mirror symmetry of all components is guaranteed by a kinematic forced coupling, which consists of the Figures 2 to 4 emerges:

Under the lintel of the door frame 8, two swivel arms 9 are mounted mirror-symmetrical and rotatable about swivel arm axes 10 in opposite directions. For this purpose, their mutually pointing two ends are provided with gear rims 12 which are arranged coaxially to the swivel arm axes 10 and which mesh with one another. Their two ends pointing away from each other are equipped with swivel arm joints 11, which form a common joint 11 with the two free ends of the extension arms 13, which are fixed to the two folding sections 5, but can be adjusted in length and swivel in a horizontal plane.

Starting from 2 causes pulling one of the two operating handles 2 on the outside of the double-leaf door 1 or pressing on the inside 3 and 4 the mirror-symmetrical pivoting of the two pivoting arms 9, which are in engagement with one another via said gear rims 12 and therefore rotate in opposite directions, in the direction of the two rotary wings 3. Since their folding sections 5 are articulated via the brackets 13 attached to the two pivoting arm joints 11 and the folding section 5 via the folding axis 7 is articulated on the rotary section 4, the rotary leaf pair 3 opens in a mirror-symmetrical position in a defined manner. While the rotary section 4 together with the folding axis 7 located thereon describes an arc of a circle around the stationary hinge axis 6, the two folding sections 5 move—in particular at the beginning of the opening of the door 1 and when it is closing—towards or away from one another essentially in alignment. This suggests 3 mutually common sliding door locks (with a so-called snap latch) for closing and locking both rotary leaves.

The free side surfaces of said folding sections 5, which face one another when the door 1 is closed, are called door cuffs in technical jargon. These mechanically form a so-called knee joint with their respective band axis 6 and the folding axis 7 . His "knee" 7 is behind 1 always behind the so-called "dead position" of the knee joint. Since this is traversed each time the door is opened and both cuffs come very close together, it is logical to use complementary, mechanical projections and recesses on the cuff - e.g. find", with an inconspicuous compression spring, which, due to the knee joint, ensures that both door leaves 3 snap open and shut gently. This makes conventional door latches and thus so-called rotating handles superfluous, which are not ergonomic in terms of accessibility anyway.

According to the kinematic theory, the respective belt axis 6, the folding axis 7, the pivot arm axis 10 and the pivot arm joint 11 form a so-called four-bar linkage. If one of these acts as a gear, it is a four-bar linkage. This is the case with the subject of the invention, the teaching of the two fixed joints, Belt axis 6 and pivot arm axis 10, referred to as "frame" or "bridge", the pivot arm 9 and the rotary section 4 are so-called "arms", at both ends of which the so-called "coupling (rod)" is articulated, which according to the invention is Folding section assembly 5 together with the boom 13 attached thereto (and in the embodiment according to figure 5 and 6 formed by the connecting rod 14) and describes so-called "coupling curves" during the movement. The pivot arms 9, which are rotatably mounted in a stationary manner on the pivot arm axes 10, are known in the standard as so-called "rocker arms". A special feature of the invention consists in making these two pivoting arms 9 rotatable in opposite directions by means of corresponding ring gears 12, so that the two four-bar linkages coupled to the respective pivoting arm 9 permanently assume essentially mirror-symmetrical positions.

The in the Figures 2 to 4 The course of movement that can be seen on the side to which the pair of rotating panels 3 opens shows that due to the division of the rotating panel 3 into the rotating section 4 and the folding section 5 with their approximately the same width, the collision dimension of the door 1 that meets the door operator is only around ¼ of its total width. In conjunction with the mirror-symmetrical and thus alternatively optional operability of both door leaves 3, this makes it considerably easier for a person with restricted movement on one side to walk on or drive on the door 1.

The ones from the Figures 2 to 4 The resulting kinematics show the collision of the pivot arms 9 and cantilever 13, which appear congruent and intersect. To avoid this, they are arranged in two horizontal planes at different heights. Structurally, it makes sense to arrange one swivel arm-jib pair 9, 13 on the upper side of the pair of spur gears, which mesh with each other via their gear rims 12 and are rotatably mounted on the swivel arm axles 10, and the other swivel arm-jib pair 9, 13 on its underside.

4 reveals that when door 1 is (almost) fully open, space is required on the outside of about ¼ of the entire width of the door. Tape axes 6 arranged in wall corners do not allow this. A hybrid solution figure 5 and 6 from whose right door panel 3 in the type described - is designed foldable, the left door panel 3 consists of one piece - consisting of rotary section 4 and folding section 5. In order to be able to operate this now asymmetrical door 1 from the inside and outside as well as from the left and right, the four operating handles 2 are also arranged here in the manner described above. However, the kinematics are different: while the right-hand door leaf 3 folds in the manner according to the invention, the left-hand door leaf opens without requiring lateral space, while still allowing maximum wall opening. The heart of the kinematics, the pair of swivel arms 9 rotating in opposite directions, follows figure 5 and 6 can also be used in this constellation for both door leaves 3: On the left-hand pivot arm 9, the cantilever 13 of the right-hand folded section 5 is articulated in the design according to the invention. The left and undivided door leaf 3 is, on the other hand, connected via a connecting rod 14 with one end in an articulated manner to the swivel arm joint 11 . The other end of the connecting rod 14—in contrast to the boom 13, which only transmits longitudinal forces—is articulated via a connecting rod joint 15 on the door leaf 3 (in its approximate horizontal center).

Do not allow installation situations, such as narrow corridors, the foldable door leaves 3 after 4 neither to the one nor the other side to be folded out, both door wings 3 are out like the left one figure 5 and 6 run in one piece and mirror-symmetrically then connect 2 connecting rods 14 to the then two connecting rod joints 15 to the two swivel arm joints 11. Particularly when space is tight, the person whose mobility is restricted on one side benefits from being able to operate the actuating handle 2 suitable for them in both directions of passage of the door 1 .

If the described kinematics are to be (electro)mechanized, only one of the two ring gears 12 has to be driven by means of a commercially available geared motor. Advantageously, this option can be retrofitted at any time.

All features and advantages resulting from the claims, the description and the drawings, including structural details, Arrangements and procedures can be relevant to the invention both on their own and in a wide variety of combinations.

Reference List

1

Double leaf door

2

operating handle(s)

3

(foldable) rotary leaf, door leaf

4

turning section

5

folding section

6

Pivot axis, hinge axis, door hinges

7

folding axis

8th

Door frames, window frames, furniture body

9

swivel arm

10

Swivel arm (rotary) axis

11

swivel arm joint

12

sprocket

13

boom

14

connecting rod

15

connecting rod joint

Claims (12)

Double-leaf door (1) for buildings, garages, furniture, vehicles, aircraft, ships, cabins or the like, comprising two essentially mirror-symmetrically arranged, flat or curved rotary leaves (3) which are rotatably arranged on a door frame (8), window frame or furniture body are, with mutually parallel, preferably vertical axes of rotation (6) on the opposite sides of the rotating vanes (3),
characterized in that the two rotary vanes (3) are kinematically positively coupled to one another in such a way that they rotate synchronously in opposite directions, and that the synchronous opening or closing of both rotary vanes (3) takes place through the actuation of only one rotary vane or through the drive of the positively coupled kinematics. Double-leaf door (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the two rotary leaves (3) are equipped with a total of four operating handles (2) on their inside and outside, so that operating any operating handle (2) enables synchronous opening or Closing of both rotary wings (3) takes place. Double leaf door (1) according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the door (1) is a building door. Double-leaf door (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that both rotary leaves (3) permanently assume a substantially mirror-symmetrical angular position relative to one another when they rotate in opposite directions. Double-leaf door (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that both rotary leaves (3) are positively coupled to one another via a form-fitting and mirror-symmetrical reversing gear. Double-leaf door (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that both rotary leaves (3) are each divided longitudinally into a rotary section (4) and a folding section (5), the rotary section (4) being rotatable on one side the fixed belt axis (6) and the folding section (5) is rotatably mounted on the folding axis (7) which is arranged on the other side of the rotating section (4) and runs parallel to the belt axis (6). Double-leaf door (1) according to Claim 6, characterized in that both folding sections (5) are provided with extension arms (13) which are permanently mirror-symmetrical to one another and whose free ends are connected to swivel-arm joints (11) of swivel arms (9) which are also permanently mirror-symmetrical to one another . Double-leaf door (1) according to Claim 7, characterized in that both pivoting arms (9) are arranged essentially mirror-symmetrically on rotary axes (10) and have teeth in the form of spur gears or toothed segments (12) on their axially symmetrical circumferences, which mesh with one another and form a positive reversing gear. Double-leaf door (1) according to Claim 8, characterized in that at least one swivel arm (9) can be infinitely adjusted in terms of rotation relative to the spur gear or the toothed segment (12). Double-leaf door (1) according to one of Claims 7 to 9, characterized in that at least one extension arm (13) can be adjusted in length and angle relative to the folding section (5) assigned to it. Double-leaf door (1) according to one of Claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the respective cantilever (13) is designed as a framework triangle arranged in its horizontal plane, which consists of three rods and three joints, one joint of which is on the same axis as the swivel arm joint (11 ) and a rod is the folding section (5), to which the other two rods, which are adjustable in length, are articulated. Double leaf door (1) according to one of Claims 8 to 11, characterized in that at least one spur gear or toothed segment (12) can be driven via a geared motor pinion.

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