EP4004341A2 - Tête de forage pour réaliser un forage dans le sol - Google Patents

Tête de forage pour réaliser un forage dans le sol

Info

Publication number
EP4004341A2
EP4004341A2 EP20744020.7A EP20744020A EP4004341A2 EP 4004341 A2 EP4004341 A2 EP 4004341A2 EP 20744020 A EP20744020 A EP 20744020A EP 4004341 A2 EP4004341 A2 EP 4004341A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
opening
drill head
head according
suction box
drilling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20744020.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Boris JUNG
Tobias GERHARDT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Herrenknecht AG
Original Assignee
Herrenknecht AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Herrenknecht AG filed Critical Herrenknecht AG
Publication of EP4004341A2 publication Critical patent/EP4004341A2/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/16—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor using gaseous fluids
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/08—Roller bits
    • E21B10/18—Roller bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/26—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers
    • E21B10/32—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools
    • E21B10/34—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools of roller-cutter type
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/60—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/62—Drill bits characterised by parts, e.g. cutting elements, which are detachable or adjustable
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D1/00—Sinking shafts
    • E21D1/03—Sinking shafts mechanically, e.g. by loading shovels or loading buckets, scraping devices, conveying screws
    • E21D1/06—Sinking shafts mechanically, e.g. by loading shovels or loading buckets, scraping devices, conveying screws with shaft-boring cutters
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
    • E21D9/13—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms using hydraulic or pneumatic conveying means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drill head for creating a substantially vertical bore in the ground, with a body that can be connected to a rotary drive of a drilling device, with drilling tools arranged on the body for loosening the soil on a face of the bore, with a suction system for removing the loosened soil on the face, which can be connected to a pump, the suction having an opening area arranged on the body with at least one opening in the area of the drilling tools on the face.
  • Such a drill head is known, for example, from DE 19626591 C1, EP 2597249 B1, US 3384191 A, US 4195700 A, US 4200160 A, and WO 2016142910 A1.
  • DE 19626591 C1 shows a drill head for drilling vertical bores in the ground while discharging the loosened soil by the air lifting process.
  • the drill head has drilling tools on its underside and a suction system for removing the loosened soil.
  • the suction device has a suction opening designed as a radially extending channel.
  • the channel itself is connected to a suction pipe.
  • the loosened soil in connection with the flushing liquid is sucked off the face via the suction pipe.
  • Directional nozzles are provided for support, which are directed into the channel through which compressed air or liquid is discharged in order to support suction.
  • EP 2597249 B1 also shows a drilling device for drilling vertical bores in the ground with a drill head that rotates on a face.
  • An extraction system is provided which has an opening which is arranged on the outside of the end of the drill head facing the face and rotates with the drill head. In the process, loosened soil is removed from the borehole.
  • US 3384191 A shows a drill head with roller bits, which also has a suction system for removing the loosened soil.
  • a guide plate is provided that is arranged in the area of the opening of the suction and collects the loosened soil when the drill head rotates and feeds it to the opening.
  • US 4195700 A also discloses a drill head with roller bits, which has a radial opening at the inner end of which a discharge line is provided.
  • the opening is designed as a slot, behind which a conically shaped tube is provided that widens towards the discharge line.
  • US 4200160 A discloses a drill head with a suction system for removing the loosened soil.
  • the suction provides a slot-shaped radial opening which opens into a cylindrical space. A channel emerges from this, which leads into the sewer.
  • WO 2016142910 A1 likewise discloses a drill head with roller bits, which has a radial opening with a border that protrudes beyond the underside of the drill head towards the face. Behind the opening, a conically shaped space is provided which extends over the entire underside of the drill head. A discharge line is provided at its rear end
  • the object of the invention is to simplify the suction in the aforementioned drill heads and at the same time to improve their performance.
  • the object according to the invention is achieved according to a first solution according to the invention in that the opening area has an elongate extent, that the at least one opening of the opening area is connected to a suction box which has a connection opening for a connection to the pump at an end opposite the opening, that the soil loosened by the drilling tools in the opening area can be sucked through the opening of the pump into the suction box in a flow direction, that the suction box tapers in width from the opening towards the connection opening, and / or that the height of the suction box is from the Opening enlarged towards the connection opening.
  • the width of the suction box is preferably the length of the opening, particularly preferably radial.
  • the height of the suction box is preferably the transverse extent of the opening, particularly preferably transverse to radial.
  • Another teaching of the invention provides that behind the opening at least one deflection area is provided, preferably in front of the entry into the suction box, in which the flow direction of the loosened soil can be deflected.
  • the material to be conveyed away can be fed to the conveying system in a particularly simple manner, liquefied, for example, before the opening, and then conveyed away.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that at least one tool for loosening the bottom, preferably in the form of a toothed strip, is provided in the opening area.
  • the rock / soil on the face can be loosened directly in the opening area.
  • the material dissolved in this way can be suctioned off particularly well.
  • This can advantageously take place or be supported by dispensing liquid to liquefy the loosened / conveyed soil / rock, for example by at least one liquid jet.
  • the at least one tool can be moved to change the distance between the tool and the face, preferably via at least one hydraulic cylinder, and / or that the at least one tool can be pivoted relative to the opening area, preferably via at least one hydraulic cylinder. This makes it possible to influence the penetration depth into the face in a simple manner. This can be done, for example, depending on the strength of the soil / rock to be loosened.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that at least one tool for picking up the floor, preferably in the form of a bar, is provided in the opening area. This allows rock / soil to be picked up on the face directly in the opening area. The material dissolved in this way can be suctioned off particularly well. This can advantageously take place or be supported by dispensing liquid to liquefy the dissolved / extracted soil / rock, for example by means of at least one liquid jet. It is also advantageous that the at least one tool can be moved to change the distance between the tool and the face, preferably over at least one hydraulic cylinder and / or that the at least one tool can be pivoted relative to the opening area, preferably via at least one hydraulic cylinder.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the distance between the opening area and the working face can be adjusted. It is advantageous that the distance is adjusted by moving the suction box vertically and / or by pivoting the suction box around a pivot point, a drive, preferably a hydraulic cylinder or a spring mechanism, being provided for the movement or for the pivoting. In this way, the amount of extracted material can be influenced directly in a simple manner.
  • the opening area is provided with at least one cleaning tool, preferably at least one movable element and / or at least one nozzle for dispensing a jet of liquid.
  • at least one cleaning tool preferably at least one movable element and / or at least one nozzle for dispensing a jet of liquid.
  • closures in the opening area can either be eliminated or prevented.
  • the liquid jet emitted through the at least one nozzle can also be used to liquefy the dissolved / conveyed material.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the suction box has a nozzle that is preferably directed from the opening towards the connection opening. This improves the transport of material within the suction box in a simple manner. Furthermore, the liquefaction of the dissolved material is improved, so that an improved discharge can take place.
  • suction box is provided interchangeably in the drill head. This allows the drill head to be easily adapted to different geological conditions. A reversal of the direction of rotation is also possible.
  • a classification element is provided in the opening area.
  • This can be, for example, a grid, metal dividers which divide the opening area into several openings, or several openings. This makes it possible in a simple way to limit the grain size of the sucked-in material.
  • the suction box is arranged essentially horizontally. This has a positive effect on the material transport in the suction box, for example the material liquefaction and the material uptake.
  • the suction box is arranged essentially vertically.
  • the material transport is positively influenced by the direct inflow.
  • this Suction is positively influenced because less material accumulates in the area of the opening.
  • this design is easier to implement in the drill head.
  • an inclined arrangement between horizontal and vertical is also possible.
  • the opening area extends essentially radially outward, as seen from the center point. It is advantageous that the opening is designed like a slot.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the clear cross-section of the opening along the opening area changes, preferably enlarged, when viewed radially outward. In this way, the material uptake, the location of the material uptake and the uptake quantity can be influenced in a simple manner.
  • connection opening of the suction box is arranged offset with respect to the opening area with respect to a perpendicular perpendicular to the opening area, preferably outwards.
  • the suction box is constructed asymmetrically.
  • the suction strength or the flow profile in the suction box or in the opening area can be influenced in a simple manner, so that the amount of material sucked in can be influenced. For example, by moving it outwards, the flow in the radially outer area of the suction box can be increased in order to be able to better suck off the larger amount of material that occurs there.
  • connection opening of the suction box is arranged pivoted with respect to the opening area relative to a perpendicular perpendicular to the opening area.
  • the suction strength or the flow profile in the suction box or in the opening area can be influenced in a simple manner, so that the amount of material sucked in can be influenced. For example, by tilting the connection opening inwards, the flow in the radially outer area of the suction box can be increased in order to be able to better suck off the larger amount of material that occurs there.
  • nozzles are provided in the opening area, which are preferably directed into the opening area and / or into the opening.
  • the dissolved / conveyed material in the opening area can be liquefied in a simple manner in such a way that it is sucked into the interior of the suction box.
  • the suction is dimensioned in such a way that the opening area remains essentially free of loosened / conveyed soil / rock. For this, sufficient liquid must be conveyed through the suction box and the conveying line and the dissolved / conveyed material must be liquefied in sufficient quantities.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that in the area of the opening on the outer edge of the face extending towards the face is provided. In this way, a flow short circuit from the rear of the drill head towards the opening can be avoided in a simple manner.
  • Another teaching of the invention provides that, viewed in the direction of rotation of the drill head, at least two nozzles are provided in front of the opening on the underside of the drill head for emitting a jet of a medium, preferably air or a liquid, which are directed towards the working face. Particularly preferably, so many nozzles extend along a longitudinal extent that they produce a dense jet area.
  • a medium preferably air or a liquid
  • so many nozzles extend along a longitudinal extent that they produce a dense jet area.
  • material can be held in a simple manner in the effective area of the opening and / or that backflow, for example of accelerated material, can be prevented in the direction of rotation.
  • the loosened soil can also be detached from the face and / or the loosened soil can be accelerated so that it can be more easily sucked into the opening.
  • Another teaching of the invention provides that behind the opening on the underside of the drill head, seen in the direction of rotation of the drill head, at least two nozzles are provided for emitting a jet of a medium, preferably air or a liquid, which are directed towards the face. Particularly preferably, so many nozzles extend along a longitudinal extent that they produce a dense jet area. This allows the loosened soil to be detached from the face and / or to accelerate the loosened soil in a simple manner, so that it can be more easily sucked into the opening. Furthermore, it has surprisingly been shown that material can be held in a simple manner in the effective area of the opening and / or that an escape, for example of accelerated material against the direction of rotation, can be prevented. Furthermore, the proportion of loosened soil which is not sucked in and which is then worked again by the drilling tools of the drilling head can be reduced.
  • a medium preferably air or a liquid
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the direction of the jet corresponds to a vector which, starting from the nozzle, has a directional component to the face and / or a directional component to the opening.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the jets of the at least two nozzles have a blocking effect against moving the loosened soil against the direction of rotation of the drill head and / or detaching the loosened soil from the face and / or accelerating the loosened soil.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the jets of the at least two nozzles cause a blocking effect against moving the loosened soil in the direction of rotation of the drill head and / or detaching the loosened soil from the face and / or accelerating the loosened soil.
  • nozzles which are arranged in front of the opening in the direction of rotation, have a smaller directional component to the opening and / or have a greater distance from the opening than the nozzles arranged behind the opening. This increases the advantages mentioned above.
  • the beam strikes a baffle, which causes a change in the direction of movement of the loosened soil, and that the baffle is arranged as a straight or curved element on the underside of the drill head, and that the arrangement is diagonal or is at least partially circumscribed. This facilitates the distribution of the material.
  • At least one nozzle preferably at least two nozzles, are provided tangentially aligned on the underside of the drill head. In this way, the loosened soil can be diverted in a simple manner from the outer area, which structurally cannot easily be passed over with the suction opening, into areas in which suction takes place. This is preferably also supported with a combination of the aforementioned guide plates.
  • radially adjustable edge cutting tools are provided.
  • the object of the invention is achieved according to a second inventive solution in that at least two nozzles are provided in front of the opening on the underside of the drill head for delivering a jet of a medium, preferably air or a liquid, which are directed towards the face, as seen in the direction of rotation of the drill head .
  • a medium preferably air or a liquid
  • so many nozzles extend along a longitudinal extent that they produce a dense jet area.
  • Another teaching of the invention provides that behind the opening on the underside of the drill head, seen in the direction of rotation of the drill head, at least two nozzles are provided for emitting a jet of a medium, preferably air or a liquid, which are directed towards the face. Particularly preferably, so many nozzles extend along a longitudinal extent that they produce a dense jet area. This allows the loosened soil to be detached from the face and / or to accelerate the loosened soil in a simple manner, so that it can be more easily sucked into the opening. Furthermore, it has surprisingly been shown that material can be held in a simple manner in the effective area of the opening and / or that an escape, for example of accelerated material against the direction of rotation, can be prevented. Furthermore, the proportion of loosened soil which is not sucked in and which is then worked again by the drilling tools of the drilling head can be reduced.
  • a medium preferably air or a liquid
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the direction of the jet corresponds to a vector which, starting from the nozzle, has a directional component to the face and / or a directional component to the opening.
  • nozzles which are arranged in front of the opening in the direction of rotation, have a smaller directional component to the opening and / or have a greater distance from the opening than the nozzles arranged behind the opening. This increases the advantages mentioned above.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the opening area has an elongated extension, that the at least one opening of the opening area is connected to a suction box, which has a connection opening at an end opposite the opening for a connection to the pump, that of the Drilling tools loosened soil in the opening area through the opening of the pump into the suction box can be sucked in a direction of flow that the suction box tapers in width from the opening to the connection opening, and that the height of the suction box increases from the opening to the connection opening.
  • the beam strikes a baffle, which causes a change in the direction of movement of the loosened soil, and that the baffle is arranged as a straight or curved element on the underside of the drill head, and that the arrangement is diagonal or is at least partially circumscribed. This facilitates the distribution of the material.
  • at least one nozzle preferably at least two nozzles, which are oriented in opposite directions, are provided in the center of the underside of the drill head. It has been shown that the loosened soil can hereby be easily removed from the center, which in terms of design cannot be traversed with the suction opening.
  • At least one nozzle preferably at least two nozzles, are provided tangentially aligned on the underside of the drill head.
  • the loosened soil can be diverted in a simple manner from the outer area, which structurally cannot easily be passed over with the suction opening, into areas in which suction takes place. This is preferably also supported with a combination of the aforementioned guide plates.
  • a further teaching of the invention provides that the opening area has an elongated extension, that the at least one opening of the opening area is connected to a suction box, which has a connection opening for a connection to the pump at an end opposite the opening, that of the Drilling tools loosened soil in the opening area through the opening of the pump into the suction box can be sucked in a direction of flow that the suction box tapers in width from the opening to the connection opening, and that the height of the suction box increases from the opening to the connection opening.
  • Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of the underside of the drill head according to the invention of the first embodiment
  • Figure 2 is a side view of Figure 1
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of the underside of Figure 1,
  • Figure 5 is a three-dimensional view of a first embodiment of an inventive
  • Figure 6 is a front view of Figure 5
  • FIG. 7 shows a bottom view of FIG. 5
  • FIG. 8 shows a three-dimensional representation of the view from FIG. 7,
  • FIG. 10 is a view similar to FIG. 9 with the cleaning element retracted
  • FIG. 11 shows a front view of FIG. 5 that is spatially tilted downward.
  • FIG. 12 shows a three-dimensional view of the underside of the drill head according to the invention of the second embodiment
  • FIG. 13 a side view of FIG. 12,
  • FIG. 14 a top view of the underside of FIG. 12,
  • FIG. 15 is a plan view of the top of FIG. 12,
  • Figure 16 is a plan view of a second embodiment of an inventive
  • FIG. 17 shows a bottom view of FIG. 16,
  • FIG. 18 shows a partially sectioned side view of FIG. 16 along A-A
  • FIG. 19 an enlarged detail of FIG. 18.
  • Figure 20 is a plan view of the underside of the drill head according to the invention of the third
  • FIG. 21 a plan view of the top of FIG. 12,
  • FIG. 22 FIG. 20 with illustrated material conveying areas
  • FIG. 23a FIG. 20 with the medium jets for material transport emitted by nozzles shown
  • FIG. 23b shows an enlarged partial section of FIG. 23a
  • FIG. 24 shows a sectional view through an intake area according to the invention
  • FIG. 25 shows a side view of a third embodiment of an inventive
  • FIG. 26 shows a first sectional view of FIG. 25 in the direction of the width of the suction box
  • FIG. 27 shows a three-dimensional view of FIG. 25,
  • FIG. 28 a plan view of FIG. 25,
  • FIG. 29 a second sectional view of FIG. 25, transverse to FIG. 26,
  • FIG. 30 shows an enlarged partial section of FIG. 20 with an extended one
  • FIG. 31 shows the edge cutting tool from FIG. 30 in the retracted state
  • FIG. 32 shows the edge cutting tool of FIG. 30 in an emergency state.
  • FIG. 1 to Figure 4 show a three-dimensional representation of a drill head 10 according to the invention in a first embodiment.
  • the drill head 10 has a body 11, on which drilling tools 12 are arranged on its underside 13.
  • the drill head 10 On its upper side 14, the drill head 10 has a connection 15 for a drive (not shown) of a drilling device (not shown).
  • the drive not shown, is provided, for example, directly in the drilling device, which is arranged, for example, in a casing pipe (not shown) or in a pile (not shown).
  • Another non-exclusive alternative can also be a top drive provided on a casing pipe or on a pile, to which the drill head 10 is connected via a rod.
  • Further variants of drives, drilling devices and arrangements in a borehole / pile are also possible.
  • the drill head can also be used in conjunction with a shaft drilling machine.
  • the body 11 can have edge cutting tools 17 on its circumference 16 which can be folded out and which is shown in an extended manner in FIG. Furthermore, wear elements 18 are provided on the circumference 16 on the body 11 by way of example.
  • the drilling tools 12 can be, for example, disc chisels 12a, shaving chisels 12b, or roller chisels 12c.
  • the selection of the drilling tools 12 takes place depending on the soil / rock to be loosened for creating the bore.
  • Disk chisels 12a and shaving chisels 12c are shown here.
  • a centering drill 19 is also provided here, which enables the drill head 10 to be centered.
  • the body 11 has a suction box 20 in a first embodiment on its underside 13.
  • the suction box 20 is shown in detail in FIGS. 5 to 11.
  • the opening 23 of the first embodiment of the suction box 20 has a classification element 24 which divides the opening 23 into opening sections 23a.
  • the classifying element 24 determines the grain size of the loosened soil / rock that can enter the interior 25 of the suction box 20.
  • the interior 25 is formed by a cover 26 as the top and a bottom 27 as the bottom, which are designed here as an embodiment plan. Other forms of lid and base are also possible. Furthermore, the suction box 20 has side walls 28 which here extend from the front 21 along the shape of the cover and the base.
  • the lid 26 Due to the shape of the lid 26, the bottom 27 and the side walls 28, for example and preferably a funnel is formed due to the fact that the width BB of the interior 25 is reduced by the curved shape of the side walls 28, whereby the flow speed of the announced mixture is increased dissolved soil / rock and carrier medium increased with decreasing width BB.
  • an opening 29 is provided, at which a connection 30 is provided for a delivery line 31, which is connected to a pump (not shown) in the drilling operation in order to remove the loosened soil / rock or the mixture To be conveyed and loosened soil / rock.
  • the height HH of the interior 25 of the suction box 20 starting from the front side 21 to the opening 29 on the back of the suction box 20 can be varied, in particular increased, to avoid blockages to counteract the interior 25 by loosened soil / rock.
  • the suction box 20, shown here symmetrically, asymmetrically, for example by arranging the opening 29 laterally offset (not shown). It is particularly useful here if the opening 29 extends towards the circumference 16 of the body 11 is arranged offset in order to adapt the flow profile in the areas in which more soil / rock is loosened during the rotation in the direction of rotation A and enters the interior 25 of the suction box 20 through the opening 23, for example to adjust the flow speed to increase specifically in areas of the interior 25.
  • connection 30 of the conveying line 31, as shown for example in FIG. 5, opens at an incline, collapsing into the interior space 25.
  • Sliding elements 32 are arranged on the underside of the bottom 27, which allow the suction box 20 to slide on the face or at a defined distance from it during drilling or rotating in the direction of rotation A.
  • the opening area 22 has in the area of the opening 23, which extends along the front side 21, soil loosening tools 33, here for example a paring knife.
  • soil loosening tools 33 make it possible to loosen or pick up soil / rock in the area of the front side 21 of the suction box 20 and to feed it to the opening 23, in which the removal then takes place.
  • baffles can also be provided (not shown) to feed the dissolved material, which is not directly sucked in by the flow in flow direction B, to the opening area 22 and then to suck it through the openings 23 into the interior 25.
  • nozzles 34 are arranged on the front side 21 (see, for example, FIG. 9), which emit a jet into the interior 25 in the direction E from a carrier medium, for example a liquid or air, which in the direction B of the opening 29 are directed so that material that is located in the interior 25 is moved in the direction B to the opening 29. Furthermore, accumulations of dissolved material can also be dissolved by the jets emitted by the nozzles 34. If a liquid is released, it can also be used, for example or as an alternative, to liquefy the dissolved / conveyed material in the suction box 20 and / or opening area 22 and thus to ensure better removal.
  • the conveying flow in the conveying line 31 and / or the liquefaction are advantageously designed in such a way that the dissolved / conveyed material does not accumulate in the opening area 22, but rather the opening area 22 remains essentially free.
  • a cleaning element 35 is provided in the opening area 22.
  • the cleaning element 35 has rods 36 which are guided in passages 37 so that when the Rods 36 are moved in cleaning direction C, the rods engage in the opening sections 23a of the openings 23 or in the classifying elements 24 provided there and remove stuck material from these and thus make the opening 23 passable again.
  • the cleaning element 35 is then moved out of the opening sections 23a again counter to the direction of arrow C.
  • nozzles 38 can also be provided which emit jets of liquid for cleaning in the cleaning direction D, as shown by way of example in FIG.
  • a liquid can also be used, for example or alternatively, to liquefy the dissolved / conveyed material in the suction box 20 and / or opening area and thus to ensure better removal.
  • the conveying flow in the conveying line 31 and / or the liquefaction are advantageously designed in such a way that the dissolved / conveyed material does not accumulate in the opening area 22, but the opening area 22 remains essentially free.
  • FIG 12 to Figure 15 show a three-dimensional representation of a drill head 10 according to the invention in a second embodiment.
  • the drill head 10 has a body 11 on which 13 drilling tools 12 are arranged on its underside.
  • the drill head 10 has a connection 15 for a drive (not shown) of a drilling device (not shown).
  • the drive not shown, is provided, for example, directly in the drilling device, which is arranged, for example, in a casing pipe (not shown) or in a pile (not shown).
  • Another non-exclusive alternative can also be a top drive provided on a casing pipe or on a pile, to which the drill head 10 is connected via a rod.
  • Further variants of drives, drilling devices and arrangements in a borehole / pile are also possible.
  • the drill head can also be used in conjunction with a shaft drilling machine.
  • the body 11 can have edge cutting tools 17 on its periphery 16 which can be folded out and which is shown in FIG. Furthermore, wear elements 18 are provided on the circumference 16 on the body 11 by way of example.
  • the drilling tools 12 can be, for example, disc chisels 12a, shaving chisels 12b, or roller chisels 12c.
  • the selection of the drilling tools 12 takes place depending on the soil / rock to be loosened for creating the bore.
  • Roller chisels 12c and picking chisels 12b are shown here In the center of the underside 13, for example, a centering drill 19 is also provided here, which enables the drill head 10 to be centered.
  • the body 11 has a suction box 40 in a second embodiment on its underside 13.
  • the suction box 40 is shown in detail in FIGS. 16 to 19.
  • 18 shows a sectional view according to A-A from FIG. 16.
  • FIG. 19 shows an enlarged view of the circled area from FIG. 18.
  • the suction box 40 has an opening area 42 which has at least one opening 43.
  • the opening 43 of the second embodiment of the suction box 40 can have a classification element (not shown here) that divides the opening 43 into opening sections 43a.
  • the grain size of the loosened soil / rock that can enter the interior 45 of the suction box 20 is determined by the classification element.
  • the interior 45 is formed by a cover 46 as the top and a bottom 47 as the bottom, which are designed here as an embodiment flat. Other forms of lid and base are also possible. Furthermore, the suction box 40 has side walls 48 which here extend from the front side 41 along the shape of the cover and the base.
  • a funnel is formed, for example and preferably, due to the fact that the width BB of the interior space 45 is reduced by the curved shape of the side walls 48, which increases the flow speed of the announced mixture dissolved soil / rock and carrier medium increased with decreasing width BB.
  • the height HH of the interior 45 of the suction box 40 changes starting from the front side 41 towards the opening 49 on the rear side of the suction box 40. In the second embodiment, it increases in order to counteract blockages of the interior 45 by loosened soil / rock. Other height variations are also possible in order to generate certain flow profiles in the interior 45. This also applies to the suction box 20 of the first embodiment.
  • an opening 49 is provided, at which a connection 40 is provided for a delivery line 41 which is connected to a pump (not shown) in the drilling operation in order to remove the loosened soil / rock or the mixture To be conveyed and loosened soil / rock.
  • the suction box 40 shown symmetrically here To be carried out asymmetrically, for example by arranging the opening 49 laterally offset.
  • the opening 49 is offset towards the circumference 16 of the body 11, so that in the areas in which more soil / rock is loosened during the rotation in the direction of rotation F and through the opening 43 into the interior 45 of the Suction box 40 occurs to specifically increase the flow rate.
  • connection 40 of the delivery line 41 opens at an incline, collapsing into the interior 45.
  • a deflection element 60 Upstream of the opening 43 is a deflection element 60 which is movably arranged via stop points 61 with the suction box 40, for example on its side walls 48. This is preferably a rotary movement in the direction of rotation G around the stop points 61.
  • At least one actuator 62 for example a hydraulic cylinder, is provided for moving the deflection element 60. This is connected, for example, to a first stop 63 arranged on the deflection element 60 and to a second stop 64 arranged on the cover 46, so that the pivoting movement can be carried out when the actuator 62 is actuated.
  • the deflection element 60 can then be interlaced in the direction of rotation G.
  • At least one soil release tool 65 is arranged at the end of the deflection element 60 opposite the first stop 63.
  • the deflection element 60 can have nozzles 66 which, for example, emit a jet in direction E from a carrier medium, for example a liquid or air, into the interior space 45.
  • a carrier medium for example a liquid or air
  • material that is located in the interior 45 can be moved in the direction B to the opening 49.
  • a liquid it can also be used, for example or as an alternative, to liquefy the dissolved / conveyed material in the suction box 20 and / or opening area 22 and thus to ensure better removal.
  • the conveying flow in the conveying line 31 and / or the liquefaction are advantageously designed in such a way that the dissolved / conveyed material does not accumulate in the opening area 22, but the opening area 22 remains essentially free.
  • a sliding element 52 arranged on a base 55 is provided on the bottom 47.
  • an opening gap 67 depending on the degree of pivoting of the deflection element 60.
  • the size of this gap determines, for example, the amount of material taken up in loosened soil / rock.
  • the Opening gap 67 can also be classified in order to prevent the entry of certain grain sizes in loosened soil / rock.
  • a nozzle 68 can be arranged on the base 55 which, as a cleaning element, emits a jet of a carrier medium, for example a liquid or air, in the cleaning direction D in order to remove jammed material from the opening gap 67. If a liquid is released, it can also be used, for example or as an alternative, to liquefy the dissolved / conveyed material in the suction box 20 and / or opening area 22 and thus to ensure better removal.
  • the conveying flow in the conveying line 31 and / or the liquefaction are advantageously designed in such a way that the dissolved / conveyed material does not accumulate in the opening area 22, but the opening area 22 remains essentially free.
  • a stop element 69 is shown, for example, in Figure 19, which is connected to an actuator, not shown, via which the entire suction box 40 can be moved relative to the body 11 in order to bring the entire suction box 40 closer to the working face or from it, for example remove, whereby, for example, the penetration depth into the face and / or the amount of dissolved material can be influenced.
  • the opening 23 of the suction box 20 of the first embodiment thus faces directly the direction of rotation A, whereas the opening 43 of the suction box 40 of the second embodiment is not reached directly.
  • the dissolved material which passes through the opening gap 67 must first be deflected in the flow direction by the deflection element 60 and fed to the opening 43. Liquefaction can also take place here accordingly.
  • the soil release tools 65 of the second embodiment are thus pulled over the working face, while the soil release tools 33 of the first embodiment are pushed over the working face.
  • FIG 20 to Figure 23b show a three-dimensional representation of a drill head 10 according to the invention.
  • the drill head 10 has a body 11, on which drilling tools 12 are arranged on its underside 13.
  • the drill head 10 has a connection 15 for a drive (not shown) of a drilling device (not shown).
  • the drive, not shown is provided, for example, directly in the drilling device, which is arranged, for example, in a casing pipe (not shown) or in a pile (not shown).
  • Another non-exclusive alternative can also be a top drive provided on a casing pipe or on a pile, to which the drill head 10 is connected via a rod.
  • Further variants of drives, drilling devices and arrangements in one Borehole / pile are also possible.
  • the drill head can also be used in conjunction with a shaft drilling machine.
  • the body 11 can have edge cutting tools 17 on its circumference 16 which can be folded out and which is shown extended in FIG.
  • the individual states of the edge tool 17 are shown in FIGS. 29 to 31.
  • wear elements 18 are provided on the circumference 16 on the body 11 by way of example.
  • the drilling tools 12 can be, for example, disc chisels 12a, shaving chisels 12b, or roller chisels 12c. The selection of the drilling tools 12 takes place depending on the soil / rock to be loosened for creating the bore. Disk chisels 12a are shown here.
  • a centering drilling tool 19 is provided with a row of disks 12a, which also enable the drilling head 10 to be centered.
  • the body 11 has a suction box 70 in a third embodiment.
  • the suction box 70 is shown in detail in FIGS. 24 to 29. It has an opening area 72 which has at least one opening 73.
  • the opening 73 of the third embodiment of the suction box 70 has a classifying element 74 which divides the opening 73 into opening sections 73a.
  • the classification element 74 determines the grain size of the loosened soil / rock that can enter the interior 75 of the suction box 70.
  • the interior 75 is formed by a cover 76 as the upper side and the opening 73 as the lower side, as well as side walls 78 and a rear wall 77.
  • the cover 76, the rear wall 77 and the side walls 78 for example and preferably a funnel is formed due to the fact that the width BB of the interior space 75 (see FIG. 26) is determined by the shape and arrangement of the cover 76 and the rear wall 77 which decreases in size, whereby the flow speed of the popular mixture of dissolved soil / rock and carrier medium increases with decreasing width BB.
  • an opening 79 is provided, at which a connection 71 for a delivery line (not shown) is provided, which is connected to a pump (not shown) in the drilling operation in order to remove the loosened soil / rock or the mixture of the pumped medium and the dissolved soil / rock.
  • the height HH of the interior space 75 of the suction box 70 increases starting from the opening area 72 towards the opening 79 on the upper side of the suction box 70 in order to counteract blockages of the interior space 75 by loosened soil / rock.
  • a nozzle bar 81 in the direction of rotation was provided in front of the opening area 72 and a second nozzle bar 80 in the direction of rotation was provided behind the opening area 72 on the underside 13 of the drill head 10.
  • the nozzle strips 81, 82 have a multiplicity of nozzles 82, 83 arranged in a row. These nozzles 82, 83 each emit a jet AA, DD M of a flushing medium, preferably a liquid jet or a compressed air jet.
  • the nozzles 82 of the nozzle bar 80 and the nozzles 83 of the nozzle bar 81 are arranged in such a way that they are aligned with the face and towards the opening area 72.
  • the nozzles 82 are arranged at an angle ⁇ with respect to the perpendicular on the underside 13 of the drill head 10 and the nozzles 83 are arranged at an angle ⁇ with respect to the perpendicular on the underside 13 of the drill head 10.
  • angle ⁇ and angle ⁇ differ from one another.
  • Angle ⁇ is particularly preferably smaller than angle ⁇ .
  • the rays AA hit the face (not shown) and cause a vortex or activation of the loosened soil so that it can be better sucked into the opening 73. Furthermore, a blocking effect is created by the rays AA, so that loosened soil, if possible, cannot leave the area CC between the ray AA and the ray DD against the direction of rotation A.
  • the locking effect is improved, the larger the angle ⁇ , ⁇ is up to the perpendicular to the face.
  • the solving / accelerating effect of the loosened soil improves up to an optimally determined angle ⁇ , ⁇ , when the angle ⁇ , ⁇ becomes smaller.
  • the beam DD which is directed more straight onto the face compared to the beam AA, essentially has a blocking effect so that material or loosened soil that was activated by the beam AA and thus accelerated in the direction of rotation does not enter the area CC in the direction of rotation A can leave.
  • a flow ring 84 is preferably provided on the outer circumference of the underside 13 of the drill head 10.
  • the flow ring 84 extends from the underside 13 towards the face. It is preferred here as one on the circumference 16 of the drill head 10 provided sheet realized.
  • the flow ring 84 has the effect that the suction through the opening 73 does not take place in the form of a short circuit from the edge region of the bore.
  • openings 85 are preferably provided here on the right and left on the short side of the opening 73, which are connected to a line (not shown) via which liquid is supplied to the suction area.
  • the preferred, targeted supply in the suction area prevents, in particular, cross flows from occurring below the drill head 10 in the mining area, which would result in uncontrolled material transport. In addition to wear and tear, such uncontrolled material transport also leads to repeated driving over of already loosened soil with the drilling tools 12.
  • a centralization is preferably provided on the underside 13 of the drill head 10.
  • This centralization consists of guide plates and nozzles with which loosened soil is fed in certain areas to the area of the working face over which the opening area 72 of the suction box 70 passes.
  • guide plates 86 of different lengths and angles of incidence are provided directly behind drilling tools 12 arranged in certain sections.
  • the guide plates 86 extend from the underside 13 of the drill head 10 towards the face. They are arranged diagonally so that the loosened material or the loosened soil can be moved efficiently from the outer regions of the underside 13 of the drill head 10 to the suction region 73.
  • This material transport is brought about by nozzles 87 which are each provided on the outside of the underside 13 of the drill head 10 in a housing 88.
  • the nozzles 87 emit a tangential jet EE of a flushing medium (liquid or air) which strikes the respective guide plate 87.
  • the jet EE is then deflected in the flow direction HH parallel to the guide plate 87.
  • the material that is loosened by the drilling tools 12 in front of the respective guide plate 86 is then transported by these flushing medium flow in the direction of HH.
  • the edge cutting tools 17 also have guide plate 89, which are also arranged diagonally in such a way that material can be transported along the guide plate 89 from the outside through the production of the drill head 10 to the inner area of the underside 13 of the drill head 10.
  • nozzles 90 are provided in a housing 91, which direct a jet FF of a flushing medium (liquid or air) onto the guide plate 89, so that the flow direction of the jet FF is changed on the guide plate 89 so that it is parallel to the guide plate 89 in the direction HH runs.
  • a peeling chisel 12b is preferably provided, which cuts and straightens the borehole wall.
  • a nozzle 92 is provided which emits a jet (not shown) of a flushing and cooling medium (liquid or air). The jet is directed along the peeling chisel 12b towards the face area.
  • the dissolved material that is washed away here is then captured by the guide plate 89 and likewise transported away from the nozzle 90 in the flow direction HH in combination, preferably with the jet FF.
  • the centering tool 19 which is preferably designed as a row of disks 12a
  • a housing 94 which parallel a jet GG of a flushing medium (liquid or air) in flow direction I. to the row of disks 12a, so that the dissolved material that is dissolved from the respective disks 12a is conveyed away from the center by the beams GG.
  • baffles 95 are provided, which are designed in a circumferential and curved manner on the underside 13 of the drill head 10 in an area of the face over which the opening area 73 of the suction box 70 passes.
  • the underside 13 of the drill head is divided into different material conveying sections J to M by the guide plates and nozzles.
  • the guide plates 89 in connection with the nozzles 90 in the area of the edge cutting tools 17 produce an outer conveying area J, which is shown in FIG.
  • the soil, which is loosened by the drilling tools 12 located in these areas, is conveyed away by the guide plates 89 in the direction of flow HH into the areas K1 to K4 to L located concentrically further inward.
  • the areas K1 to K4 are preferably of different sizes because the respective associated guide plates 86 are preferably designed to have different lengths.
  • FIGS. 30-32 the states of motion of the edge cutting tool 17 are shown. They have a base body 96 which can be moved in the direction of arrow N.
  • an actuator 97 is provided, which here is preferably designed as a hydraulic cylinder.
  • FIG. 30 shows the extended position of the edge cutting tool 17, while FIG. 31 shows the retracted position.
  • FIG. 32 shows an emergency solution for recovering the drill head 10 after the drilling work has ended, in which either the base body can no longer be retracted or the actuator 97 has failed due to a malfunction.
  • a shear bolt 100 is provided which, in the normal operating state, functions as a pivot bearing for the direction of movement N for pivoting the base body 96 into the body 11 of the drill head 10. In the event of a malfunction, this shear bolt 100 is sheared off so that the base body 96 can be pivoted about the stop 101 in the direction of arrow O.
  • the stop 101 is the point of application of the actuator 97 on the base body 96.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une tête de forage destinée à réaliser un forage sensiblement vertical dans le sol, comprenant un corps qui peut être relié à un mécanisme d'entraînement rotatif d'un dispositif de forage, comprenant des outils de forage disposés sur le corps pour ameublir le sol au niveau d'un front de taille du forage, comprenant un dispositif d'aspiration destiné à évacuer le sol ameubli au niveau du front de taille, lequel peut être relié à une pompe et possède une zone d'ouverture qui est disposée au niveau du corps et comporte au moins une ouverture dans la zone des outils de forage au niveau de la face de taille. L'invention a pour avantage que la zone d'ouverture présente une extension allongée, que ladite ouverture de la zone d'ouverture est reliée à un caisson d'aspiration qui possède, au niveau d'une extrémité opposée à l'ouverture, une ouverture de raccordement pour une connexion à la pompe, que le sol ameubli par les outils de forage peut être aspiré dans la zone d'ouverture à travers l'ouverture par la pompe dans le caisson d'aspiration dans une direction d'écoulement, que la largeur du caisson d'aspiration diminue de l'ouverture vers l'ouverture de raccordement, et que la hauteur du caisson d'aspiration augmente de l'ouverture vers l'ouverture de raccordement.
EP20744020.7A 2019-07-24 2020-07-21 Tête de forage pour réaliser un forage dans le sol Pending EP4004341A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019120019.9A DE102019120019A1 (de) 2019-07-24 2019-07-24 Bohrkopf für das Erstellen einer Bohrung im Boden
PCT/EP2020/070563 WO2021013838A2 (fr) 2019-07-24 2020-07-21 Tête de forage pour réaliser un forage dans le sol

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4004341A2 true EP4004341A2 (fr) 2022-06-01

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US (1) US20240209699A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4004341A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP7448631B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20220046587A (fr)
CN (1) CN114402118B (fr)
AU (1) AU2020318699A1 (fr)
BR (1) BR112022001258A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102019120019A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021013838A2 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4372202B1 (fr) 2022-11-15 2024-10-09 BAUER Maschinen GmbH Appareil de forage dans le trou et procédé de réalisation d'un forage dans le sol
CN116084954B (zh) * 2023-03-06 2023-06-16 陕西延长石油矿业有限责任公司 一种矿山智能化建井方法

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DE19626591C1 (de) * 1996-07-02 1998-04-16 Wirth Co Kg Masch Bohr Verfahren zum Niederbringen von Bohrungen im Erdreich unter Austrag des Bohrgutes nach dem Lufthebeverfahren und Bohrwerkzeug zur Anwendung des Verfahrens
AU2010348358A1 (en) 2010-03-15 2012-10-11 Vermeer Manufacturing Company Drilling apparatus with shutter
EP2597249B1 (fr) * 2011-11-24 2014-09-10 Bauer Spezialtiefbau GmbH Dispositif et procédé pour créer un forage vertical
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WO2016142910A1 (fr) * 2015-03-12 2016-09-15 Palmieri S.P.A. Tête d'excavation
EP3361040B1 (fr) * 2017-02-13 2019-11-27 BAUER Maschinen GmbH Outil de traitement de sol et procédé de production d'un trou dans le sol
KR101762879B1 (ko) 2017-02-21 2017-07-28 김인필 지반 굴착장치

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EP3336301A1 (fr) * 2016-12-19 2018-06-20 BAUER Maschinen GmbH Perforatrice rotative et procédé de fabrication d'un alésage

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AU2020318699A1 (en) 2022-02-24
BR112022001258A2 (pt) 2022-05-17
WO2021013838A2 (fr) 2021-01-28
CN114402118A (zh) 2022-04-26
WO2021013838A3 (fr) 2021-03-18
US20240209699A1 (en) 2024-06-27
JP2022541062A (ja) 2022-09-21
KR20220046587A (ko) 2022-04-14
JP7448631B2 (ja) 2024-03-12
DE102019120019A1 (de) 2021-01-28
CN114402118B (zh) 2024-09-24

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