EP3999279B1 - Machine de rodage - Google Patents

Machine de rodage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3999279B1
EP3999279B1 EP20735511.6A EP20735511A EP3999279B1 EP 3999279 B1 EP3999279 B1 EP 3999279B1 EP 20735511 A EP20735511 A EP 20735511A EP 3999279 B1 EP3999279 B1 EP 3999279B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
honing
pallet
machine
transport
honing machine
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EP20735511.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3999279C0 (fr
EP3999279A1 (fr
Inventor
Roland Regler
Georg Heinle
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Kadia Produktion GmbH and Co
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Kadia Produktion GmbH and Co
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Publication of EP3999279C0 publication Critical patent/EP3999279C0/fr
Publication of EP3999279B1 publication Critical patent/EP3999279B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B33/00—Honing machines or devices; Accessories therefor
    • B24B33/10—Accessories
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B33/00—Honing machines or devices; Accessories therefor
    • B24B33/02—Honing machines or devices; Accessories therefor designed for working internal surfaces of revolution, e.g. of cylindrical or conical shapes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B33/00—Honing machines or devices; Accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B33/00—Honing machines or devices; Accessories therefor
    • B24B33/02—Honing machines or devices; Accessories therefor designed for working internal surfaces of revolution, e.g. of cylindrical or conical shapes
    • B24B33/022—Horizontal honing machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B33/00—Honing machines or devices; Accessories therefor
    • B24B33/06—Honing machines or devices; Accessories therefor with controlling or gauging equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B33/00—Honing machines or devices; Accessories therefor
    • B24B33/08—Honing tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
    • B24B41/005—Feeding or manipulating devices specially adapted to grinding machines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a honing machine for machining workpieces which have at least one bore to be machined by honing.
  • Honing is a machining process with geometrically undefined cutting edges, in which a honing tool carries out a cutting movement consisting of two components and there is constant surface contact between one or more cutting material bodies, e.g. honing stones, of the honing tool and the inner surface of the bore to be machined.
  • the kinematics of a honing tool are characterized by a superposition of a rotary movement and a stroke movement in the axial direction of the bore, which in most honing processes is an oscillating back and forth movement. In many applications, an expansion movement is also provided, which leads to a change in the effective diameter of the honing tool.
  • the kinematics of the honing tool create a surface structure with intersecting machining marks on the inner surface of the bore.
  • Surfaces finished by honing can meet extremely high requirements in terms of dimensional and shape tolerances, and can sometimes have a special surface roughness and structure that combines low wear due to a high material load-bearing capacity with the ability to maintain an oil film for lubrication. Therefore, many highly stressed sliding surfaces in engines or engine components or bore inner surfaces in hydraulic blocks or injection pump housings are machined by honing.
  • honing machine in this application refers to a numerically controlled machine tool with which at least one honing operation can be carried out on a workpiece, so that the machine tool is suitable for honing.
  • the honing operation is carried out at a honing station.
  • a honing station is a work station that has at least one honing unit.
  • a honing unit of the type considered here has a spindle shaft which can be rotated about a vertical spindle axis by means of a rotary drive and moved back and forth parallel to the spindle axis by means of a lifting drive.
  • the spindle shaft has a device for attaching a honing tool at one end on the tool side.
  • the honing machine can be designed as a pure honing machine, in which all work stations (processing stations) set up for workpiece processing are designed as honing stations. If necessary, the honing machine can also be used to carry out other processing operations on a workpiece, typically involving material removal, e.g. one or more drilling operations, a deburring operation and/or a brushing operation. Appropriate work stations (processing stations) can be provided for this. At least one measuring station can also be integrated if necessary.
  • a honing machine of this type comprises several spatially separated work stations
  • an internal machine transport system is provided for transporting workpieces to and from the work stations.
  • This is configured as a pallet transport system in which workpieces are transported to and from the work stations using pallets.
  • a machine concept for a honing machine of this type is described in chapter 15.3 of the specialist book: Flores, Gerhard, "Fundamentals and Applications of Honing", Essen: Vulkan-Verlag., 1992.
  • a transfer honing machine with three honing stations, a measuring station and a pallet circulation transport was designed. The cylinder bore is honed on the first two honing stations.
  • the third honing station is used to machine the main bearing bore. From a loading and unloading station, in which the blocks are mounted on carrier pallets, the workpieces are transported to the machine's processing line via suitable conveyor systems. At the honing and measuring stations there are NC tables with swivel devices that bring the respective bore of a block into the desired processing position by swiveling and moving it in the X and Y directions.
  • WO 2017/174311 A1 shows a honing machine for carrying out honing operations on at least one bore in a workpiece with a machine base, an inner column associated with the machine base, a machine upper part carried by the inner column, which is arranged at a distance above the machine base, a circulating transport system for transporting workpieces on a transport path running around the inner column and several work stations arranged along the transport path, wherein a workpiece can be transported successively to different work stations of the honing machine by moving the circulating transport system, wherein at least one of the work stations is a honing station having at least one honing unit having a honing spindle which is rotatable about a vertical spindle axis and movable back and forth parallel to the spindle axis, the honing unit being carried by the machine upper part.
  • the utility model EN 20 2017 106030 U1 discloses a honing machine for honing the axial bores of gears with a loading station with a loading box, wherein the loading box is designed such that the bores of the gears are axially aligned when they are loaded into the loading box.
  • the honing machine further comprises a pallet loading station arranged after the loading box station in the workpiece transport direction, a loading box moving device for moving the loading box from the loading box station to a position above the pallet loading station, a release mechanism designed to transfer the gears in the loading box to an empty pallet in the pallet loading station, a first processing station arranged after the pallet loading station, which is designed to carry out a first honing operation in the bores of the gears, a second processing station arranged after the first processing station, which is designed to carry out a second honing operation in the bores of the gears, a pallet unloading station arranged after the second processing station in the workpiece transport direction, a pallet path through the honing machine, from the pallet loading station to the pallet unloading station, the pallet path comprising the first and second processing stations, a pallet drive mechanism designed to move a plurality of pallets along the pallet path, a removal mechanism designed to to remove gears from the pallet at the pallet unloading station, and a gripper configured to grip the pallet
  • the honing machine is designed to machine workpieces that have at least one hole that is to be machined by honing.
  • the honing machine has several work stations, so it can have two, three or four work stations that are spatially separated from each other. At least one operation is carried out on the workpiece at a work station.
  • Work stations at which the workpiece's properties are changed, for example by machining, are also referred to as processing stations.
  • a measuring station is an example of a work station at which no processing that changes the workpiece is carried out.
  • At least one of the work stations is configured as a honing station.
  • the work station comprises at least one honing unit that has a spindle shaft that can be rotated about a spindle axis by means of a rotary drive and moved back and forth parallel to the spindle axis by means of a lifting drive.
  • the spindle axis is aligned vertically.
  • the machine's internal transport system for transporting workpieces to and from the workstations is designed as a pallet transport system that works with the help of pallets.
  • the term "pallet" refers to an exchangeable workpiece carrier to which a workpiece holding device or several workpiece holding devices are attached or can be mounted in order to hold a workpiece in a desired position on the pallet.
  • a workpiece holding device can also comprise a rotating device in order to be able to rotate a picked-up workpiece about at least one axis of rotation in a targeted manner and thereby change its orientation in relation to the pallet.
  • the pallet transport system is designed in such a way that different transport paths can be freely configured via a control unit of the honing machine.
  • "Freely configurable” in this context means that one transport path can be selected and used from a finite number of transport paths that are possible in terms of design and control technology. "Free” does not mean “arbitrary”. This makes it possible, among other things, to transport workpieces on different, pre-selectable transport paths from a loading position to one or more work stations and to transport them away from them again, in particular back to the same loading position. If several work stations are to be used, these can be operated in different sequences or at the same time.
  • the term "operate” in this context means that a pallet can be transported to a work station or away from it using the pallet transport system.
  • the timing of the operation of workstations can therefore be selected via the control system. It is also possible to operate different workstations on different transport routes starting from a loading position. If necessary, loading and unloading can be carried out at different positions along transport routes. These are differences to conventional pallet circulation transport systems, in which a certain sequence of workstations to be approached one after the other during a cycle is fixed by the design of the transport system.
  • the variable usability of the workpiece transport provides a high level of flexibility in the use of the honing machine. There is also potential for high output, among other things because several operations can be carried out independently of one another and in phases at the same time. Loading and unloading parallel to the cycle time is also possible.
  • the pallet transport system has four bidirectionally usable linear transport routes that are arranged in a rectangular arrangement, with transfer positions for transferring pallets between mutually orthogonal adjacent transport routes being arranged in corner areas of the rectangular arrangement.
  • a straight-line transport of a pallet in two opposite directions can be used optionally.
  • numerous combinations of transport routes and, as a result, numerous different transport paths can be configured, which can possibly be made up of two or more linear transport routes. It is also possible to use just a single transport route in both directions for transport to a work station and for transport away from the work station.
  • the pallet transport system preferably has several (e.g. four) bidirectionally usable linear transport routes, each of the transport routes having a single horizontally movable pallet carrier, transfer positions for transferring pallets between the adjacent transport routes being arranged between the adjacent transport routes, and the pallet carriers of adjacent transport routes each being designed for direct transfer of pallets without additional transfer devices.
  • transfer positions no separate aids for transferring or transferring the pallets therefore have to be provided.
  • the pallet carriers can be adapted to one another in such a way that they can partially move into one another, with one of the pallet carriers arranged in the The pallet carriers interacting with the transfer position can carry out lifting movements in order to be able to carry out pallet lifting or lowering operations.
  • the honing machine can be designed in such a way that it offers different loading and unloading options.
  • a pallet can be loaded or unloaded at a transfer position.
  • the pallet transport system has a loading and unloading station (in short: loading station) that is arranged on an operator side of the honing machine between the ends of a bidirectional linear transport path.
  • the loading and unloading station can, for example, be located in the middle between the ends of the transport path that leads from one transfer position to another transfer position on the operator side.
  • This loading station can be used as a distribution station during loading, since further transport can take place in two different directions. Accordingly, pallets can also be transported to the loading station from two opposite directions. This increases the flexibility of the honing machine when handling workpieces.
  • a loading operation e.g. loading a pallet held on a pallet carrier, removing finished workpieces, installing or removing a pallet that may already be loaded, etc.
  • a loading operation can be carried out manually, semi-automatically or fully automatically as required
  • At least one honing station is arranged in a corner area of the rectangular arrangement at a transfer position in such a way that pallets can be transported in and removed in two mutually orthogonal directions.
  • Such a honing station can thus be loaded and unloaded from two directions at an angle to each other.
  • a pallet can be transported in one direction and removed along the same transport route in the opposite direction. It is also possible to transport the pallet along a transport route and, after using the work station, to transport the pallet away in the other transport route at an angle to it.
  • the honing machine it is possible for the honing machine to have only one honing station.
  • a significant contribution to increased flexibility and output is made by the fact that the honing machine has a first honing station and a second honing station that can be used independently, with the honing stations being arranged in transfer positions at opposite ends of a linear transport path. This means that multi-spindle honing can be carried out in a compact installation space if required, either simultaneously on both honing stations and different workpieces or at different times on the same workpiece or on different workpieces.
  • exactly two honing stations are provided, each of which preferably has only a single honing unit. This allows a good compromise to be achieved between the complexity of the design and flexible usability.
  • the honing unit of at least one honing station is arranged on a horizontal slide that can be moved horizontally parallel to a first direction.
  • a horizontal machine axis that enables a controlled, precisely controllable movement and positioning of the honing unit in a horizontal direction by means of an NC drive.
  • the spindle axis can thus be moved to different positions in relation to a possibly stationary workpiece by moving this horizontal slide in the first direction.
  • the two honing units are preferably each arranged on such a horizontal slide and the horizontal slides can be controlled independently of one another.
  • the horizontal slides can run on the same guide rails, which simplifies the construction.
  • the horizontal slide only carries a honing unit and no other processing unit or working unit. Additional flexibility with regard to the type of different work operations can be achieved in some embodiments in that the horizontal slide carries at least one further working unit in addition to the honing unit, which can also be moved horizontally and positioned in different positions.
  • a further working unit can, for example, be a deburring unit, which can carry a deburring tool, which can also be positioned by moving the horizontal slide in the first direction.
  • a further working unit can be provided in the form of a measuring unit, which for example has a measuring head that can be sunk into a bore. The horizontal slide can also be used to position the measuring head in the first direction.
  • the pallet transport system has at least one pallet carrier, which can be moved both horizontally in at least one horizontal direction and additionally in the vertical direction, i.e. parallel to the spindle axis of a honing unit, vertically in two opposite directions, i.e. bidirectionally. If the horizontal transport path usable by the pallet carrier leads to and from a work station, it can be achieved that the pallet transport system in the area a work station can simultaneously function as a functional component of a part positioning system in order to position a bore to be machined exactly in a desired position in relation to the spindle axis of a honing unit (or another working unit working with an axis).
  • the controlled vertical movement can be used, for example, to avoid component defects and/or to ensure that components of different heights with the same or similar component geometry can be machined equally.
  • the pallet carrier can be moved bidirectionally in two mutually perpendicular horizontal directions as well as in the vertical direction. This would allow all degrees of freedom of movement for positioning a pallet or a hole in a workpiece carried by it to be realized in a Cartesian coordinate system on the workpiece side.
  • a single horizontal machine axis on the pallet carrier side may be sufficient to realize all degrees of positioning freedom. This enables a simplified design.
  • the pallet transport system has at least one pallet carrier that can be moved horizontally parallel to a second direction perpendicular to the first direction and additionally vertically in two opposite directions, i.e. bidirectionally, parallel to a third direction parallel to the spindle axis.
  • This also makes it possible for the pallet transport system in the area of a work station to simultaneously function as a functional component of a part positioning system in order to position a bore to be machined exactly in a desired position in relation to the spindle axis of a honing unit (or another work unit working with an axis).
  • a horizontally and vertically movable pallet carrier positioning of the workpiece is possible by workpiece movements parallel to the second direction and the third direction.
  • a relative movement to a work unit in the first direction perpendicular to these two directions can be achieved by appropriately moving the horizontal slide that carries a honing unit and/or another work unit.
  • such a horizontally and vertically movable pallet carrier is provided for each work station, in particular for each honing station.
  • the (horizontally and vertically movable) pallet carrier has components of a zero-point clamping system on its upper side intended to hold a pallet.
  • a zero-point clamping system on its upper side intended to hold a pallet.
  • clamping bushes could be attached to the upper side, which can be operated using hydraulics or pneumatics, for example, and which interact with corresponding clamping pins on the underside of the pallets.
  • the pallets preferably have positioning aids to support the positioning of a pallet in a target position on the pallet carrier.
  • the positioning aids can include, for example, clamping pins that are used as part of the zero-point clamping system.
  • a pallet can be designed as a passive component without sensors or actuators. In many cases, however, it is intended that pallets are used that have one or more controllable components and corresponding actuators (one or more) and sensors (one or more) (active pallets). This makes it possible, for example, with appropriate control by the control unit of the honing machine, to use the controllable components of a workpiece holding device mounted on the pallet to generate workpiece movements in relation to the pallet and to use signals from sensors to provide feedback on the set position and/or orientation to the control unit.
  • a workpiece holding device can have a controllable rotating or swiveling device for setting different rotational positions of the workpiece.
  • the pallet transport system has at least one horizontally and vertically movable pallet carrier, which has automatically connectable interface components for transmitting energy and/or signals between the honing machine and a pallet carried by the pallet carrier.
  • an automatically produced and a detachable fluid connection to a pneumatic actuator of the pallet can be provided.
  • corresponding electrical contact elements can be provided on the pallet carrier and pallet, possibly also a contactless transmission system.
  • One aspect of the invention can thus also be formulated in such a way that a honing machine with a pallet transport system is provided, in which the pallet transport system is a functional component of a workpiece positioning system integrated into the honing machine, which is configured to position a workpiece with a known position in the area of a work station in both at least one horizontal direction and a vertical direction.
  • the pallet transport system is a functional component of a workpiece positioning system integrated into the honing machine, which is configured to position a workpiece with a known position in the area of a work station in both at least one horizontal direction and a vertical direction.
  • the honing machine 100 is a computer-numerically controlled machine tool whose controllable components are controlled via a central control unit 190.
  • the honing machine has a rectangular machine base 110 that supports all of the mechanical components of the honing machine.
  • the machine base has a width in a first direction of the honing machine - corresponding to the x-direction of the machine coordinate system MKS - that is greater than the length in the second direction perpendicular to the first direction, which corresponds to the y-direction of the machine coordinate system MKS.
  • the first direction is also referred to here as the transverse direction and the second direction as the longitudinal direction.
  • the dimensions in the longitudinal and transverse directions allow the completely pre-assembled machine base to be transported on conventional means of transport, for example by truck or rail vehicle.
  • Side walls 120-1, 120-2 are built on the machine base along both long sides. These support a torsion-resistant cross member 122 on the back of the machine base 110, which is part of the rear wall. The side walls and the rear wall enclose the working area 115 of the honing machine, which is accessible from the operator side.
  • two horizontal guide rails 130 are fastened one above the other, which extend essentially over the entire free front side of the cross member up to the area of the rear corner areas of the work area.
  • each of the horizontal slides carries a honing unit (first honing unit 150-1 or second honing unit 150-2) on the front of a slide plate 136-1, 136-2, a deburring unit 160-1 or 160-2 arranged next to it and a measuring unit 170-1 or 170-2 arranged next to it.
  • These work units are arranged axially parallel to the honing unit.
  • Other configurations e.g. without a measuring unit and/or without a deburring unit, are possible.
  • Each of the honing units 150-1, 150-2 has a spindle shaft 152 which can be rotated about a vertical spindle axis 155 by means of a rotary drive and can be moved back and forth parallel to the spindle axis by means of a lifting drive.
  • a honing unit 150 comprises an elongated base support 151 that can be firmly mounted on the horizontal slide 135-2 and can be firmly mounted directly on the front of the horizontal slide 135-2.
  • a spindle unit 158 carried by the base support is provided, in which the spindle shaft 152 is rotatably mounted.
  • the spindle shaft can be rotated about its vertical spindle axis 155 (rotation axis of the spindle shaft) by means of a rotary drive (also referred to as a spindle motor) integrated into the spindle unit.
  • the spindle shaft has a device for attaching a honing tool (not shown) at one end on the tool side.
  • the honing tool can be attached to the spindle shaft directly or indirectly by means of an articulated rod or another intermediate device.
  • a linear guide system for guiding a linear vertical lifting movement of the spindle unit 158 relative to the base support 151 is arranged between the base support 151 and the spindle unit 158.
  • the spindle unit is mounted on a carriage.
  • a lifting drive is provided to generate the lifting movement of the spindle unit.
  • the lifting drive has an electric linear motor with a primary part and a secondary part, which can be moved relative to one another parallel to the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal guide system (essentially parallel to the spindle axis 155).
  • the primary part which is operated with electrical current, is mounted on the side of the carriage or the spindle unit 158, which is also operated with electricity, while a row of permanent magnets is arranged inside the base support 151.
  • An inverted arrangement is also possible.
  • an expansion drive is also provided for expanding the honing tool.
  • the expansion drive can, for example, be coupled to a feed rod running inside the spindle shaft.
  • the expansion drive is located in the upper part of the housing, which also contains the spindle motor.
  • a work station of the honing machine 100 is thus formed in each of the rear corner areas of the work area 115, namely a first work station 180-1 at the rear left and a second work station 180-2 at the rear right. Both work stations are designed as honing stations because honing operations can be carried out on suitably positioned workpieces using the independently operable honing units 150-1, 150-2. Since the horizontal slides 135-1, 135-2 each also carry a measuring unit and a deburring unit, the work stations can be used alternatively or additionally as a deburring station and/or as a measuring station with the appropriate control.
  • the honing machine has an internal pallet transport system 200 which is designed to transport workpieces from and to the work stations 180-1, 180-2 using pallets 210-1, 210-2.
  • the term "pallet” here refers to exchangeable workpiece carriers which, in the example, have a solid steel plate to which other functional components (e.g. positioning aids, devices for mounting workpiece holding devices) are attached. All mechanical components of the pallet transport system 200 are carried directly or indirectly by the machine base 110.
  • the pallet transport system 200 is designed structurally and in terms of control technology in such a way that different transport paths can be freely configured via the control unit of the honing machine.
  • the pallet transport system 200 comprises exactly four linear or straight transport routes 202-1 to 202-4, which can each be used bidirectionally, i.e. in two opposite directions.
  • the transport routes each run horizontally and are arranged in a rectangular arrangement.
  • a first transport route 202-1 runs on the left side of the work area 115 between the operator side and the first work station 180-1.
  • a second transport route 202-2 runs on the opposite right side of the work area 115 between the operator side and the second work station 180-2.
  • These two transport routes 202-1, 202-2 each run parallel to the second direction (y-direction or longitudinal direction) near the inner sides of the side walls facing each other.
  • the other two transport paths i.e.
  • a third transport path 202-3 and a fourth transport path 202-4 run perpendicular to this, i.e. in the first direction or transverse direction, with the third transport path 202-3 running near the front (operator side) and the fourth transport path 202-4 running near the rear approximately below the cross member 122 and connecting the two work stations 180-1 and 180-2.
  • transfer positions 204-1 to 204-4 are provided where adjacent transport routes that are orthogonal to one another virtually cross. These transfer positions are used for the direct transfer of pallets between adjacent transport routes that are orthogonal to one another. As will be explained later, each of the transport routes has a single horizontally movable pallet carrier 260-1 to 260-4 for this purpose. Transfer positions 204-1 to 204-4 are arranged between adjacent transport routes for the transfer of pallets between the adjacent transport routes. The pallet carriers of adjacent transport routes are each designed for the direct transfer of pallets without additional transfer devices, so that no special aids for transferring or transferring the pallets have to be provided in the transfer positions.
  • a pallet can be transferred or transferred directly from the third transport route 202-3 to the first transport route 202-1 or vice versa.
  • the second transfer position is located in the area of the first work station 180-1. Accordingly, at the second transfer position 204-2 a pallet can be transferred between the first transport route 202-1 and the fourth transport path 202-4 can be immediately transferred in both directions. The same applies to the third and fourth transfer positions on the opposite long side.
  • each of the work stations i.e. both the first work station 180-1 and the second work station 180-2, is arranged in a corner region of the rectangular arrangement of the transport routes of the pallet transport system in the region of a transfer position in such a way that pallets can be transported in and out in two mutually orthogonal directions.
  • the first work station 180-1 arranged at the rear left can be "served" by both the first transport route 202-1 and the fourth transport route 202-4.
  • a pallet with a workpiece on it can be transported from the first transfer position 204-1 parallel to the longitudinal direction to the first work station 180-1 and then transported back in the opposite direction to the first transfer position 204-1.
  • the same would also be possible along the fourth transport route. It is also possible to transport a pallet with at least one workpiece on it along the first transport route 202-1 from the first transfer position 204-1 to the first work station 180-1 and, after processing, to transport it further at a right angle to it using the fourth transport route 202-4 in the direction of the second work station 180-2.
  • two horizontal guide rails 230-1 are attached to the inside of the first side wall 220-1 shown on the left, one above the other, at a vertical distance.
  • a horizontal slide 240-1 runs on these guide rails and can be moved horizontally in any direction with high positioning accuracy parallel to the second direction (longitudinal direction) using a numerically controlled drive.
  • the horizontal slide 240-1 carries two vertically (in the z direction) guide rails 250-1 on its side facing the work area 115, which carry a vertically movable slide 260-1 that can be moved in both directions in a numerically controlled manner in the vertical direction, i.e. parallel to the spindle axis 155 of the honing unit, using a suitable numerically controlled drive.
  • the carriage 260-1 which functions as a lifting carriage, serves as a pallet carrier for the first transport section 202-1 and is therefore also referred to as the first pallet carrier 260-1.
  • the pallet 210-1 rests on the first pallet carrier 260-1, which during operation can carry at least one workpiece clamping device mounted thereon with at least one workpiece.
  • a correspondingly constructed lifting carriage or a second pallet carrier 260-2 without a pallet lying on it is shown.
  • the pallet carrier has two parallel support elements 261 designed like angle brackets, between which there is a gap 262.
  • the four components of the zero-point clamping system 265 attached to the pallet carrier are attached in a rectangular, in particular a square arrangement on the upper side of the pallet carrier and allow positioning of a pallet carried by it with only small tolerances.
  • the zero-point clamping system has the clamping bushes shown attached to the upper side of the pallet carrier, which interact with clamping pins on the underside of the pallets and can be operated using hydraulics or pneumatics. This enables positioning accuracies of less than a hundredth of a millimeter with high repeatability.
  • the first pallet carrier 260-1 is constructed in a similar way.
  • the position of a workpiece-carrying pallet on the first or second pallet carrier can thus be precisely specified and is known to the control unit of the honing machine when the workpiece-carrying device is mounted at the reference points provided on the pallet and the pallet is clamped in the zero-point clamping system.
  • a high-precision part positioning system is created that is able to position a workpiece with a known position in the area of a work station both in the longitudinal direction (y-direction, second direction) and in the vertical z-direction.
  • processing units e.g. honing unit
  • the honing machine can already be used with the components described so far for the precise machining of bores by honing and/or deburring.
  • the first pallet carrier 260-1 can first be moved to the position shown near the operator side. There, a pallet 210-1 with a workpiece holding device (not shown) on it and a workpiece clamped in it is placed on the pallet carrier. A single workpiece can be placed on it. It is also possible to place several workpieces at the same time.
  • the first pallet carrier 260-1 is then moved along the first transport path 202-1 to the rear to the first work station 180-1. There, the spindle axis 155 of the honing unit is positioned in a coaxial position with the bore axis of the first bore to be machined.
  • Any relative movement in the x direction (first direction) that may be required for this is realized by horizontally moving the honing unit. Any positioning movements in the second direction (y-direction) and in the vertical direction (z-direction) are carried out by corresponding movement movements of the first pallet carrier 260-1. If the bore is arranged at the correct height and aligned with the spindle axis, the honing process can be carried out in a known manner. A corresponding or completely different workpiece processing could be carried out independently of this at the second honing station, which is constructed in a similar way and is operated by the second pallet carrier 260-1, which can be moved horizontally and vertically accordingly.
  • a transport-technical link between the two work stations 180-1, 180-2 in the rear corner areas of the work area 115 of the honing machine 100 is achieved using the third and fourth transport routes 202-3 and 202-4.
  • the third transport route 202-3 near the operator side includes a pair of guide rails running in the x-direction (transverse direction) that are mounted on the machine bed.
  • the guide rails 271-3 carry a base carriage 272-3 that can be moved horizontally bidirectionally in the transverse direction (x-direction) up to the end areas of the guide rails using a numerically controlled drive.
  • the base carriage carries another horizontally movable carriage 273-3 that has its own drive and serves as a pallet carrier for holding a pallet. Since the pallet carrier belongs to the third transport route 202-3, it is also referred to as the third pallet carrier 260-3.
  • the third pallet carrier 260-3 does not require any components of a zero-point clamping system on its top side, since exact workpiece positioning by this pallet carrier is not required.
  • the third pallet carrier 260-3 has a width parallel to the longitudinal direction (y-direction) which is dimensioned such that when it is moved in the first direction (transverse direction) it can be positioned between the two angle-shaped support elements 261 of the attached, vertically movable pallet carrier 260-1, 260-2. This enables a direct transfer of a pallet between the third pallet carrier 260-3, which can be moved in the transverse direction, and the first pallet carrier 260-1, which can also be moved in the vertical direction, or the opposite second pallet carrier 260-2.
  • the base carriage 272-3 and the further carriage 273-3 carried by it each have their own drive. This means that the carriage 273-3 can be moved like a kind of telescope beyond the area of the lower carriage (base carriage) 272-3 and into the transfer area 262.
  • the lifting carriage of the first pallet carrier 260-1 is first moved upwards so far that the pallet is above the level of the third pallet carrier 260-3. This is then moved horizontally into the area below the raised pallet 210-1 by moving the base carriage 272-3 and the superimposed movement of the additional carriage carried by it. The lifting carriage of the first pallet carrier 260-1 is then lowered until the pallet rests on the third pallet carrier 260-3, and the lifting carriage is lowered even further so that the pallet is completely released from it. A transverse transport in the x direction can then take place with the help of the third pallet carrier 260-3.
  • a loading and unloading position or a loading and unloading station 185 is provided at the position of the third pallet carrier 260-3 shown in the middle between the long sides.
  • a pallet lying on the third pallet carrier 260-3 can be mounted with a workpiece holding device with a workpiece.
  • the first pallet carrier 260-1 To transfer this pallet to the first pallet carrier 260-1, the latter is first moved downwards so that the pallet can be moved horizontally with the help of the third pallet carrier to the first transfer position 204-1 at a position above the vertically movable lifting carriage of the first pallet carrier 260-1.
  • the lifting carriage is then moved upwards with the first pallet carrier 260-1 and takes the pallet directly from the third pallet carrier 260-3 without any intermediate transfer devices.
  • the corresponding components of the zero-point clamping system on the pallet 210-1 and the first pallet carrier 260-1 also engage with each other, thereby defining the position of the workpiece to be machined in relation to the honing machine.
  • the third pallet carrier which can be moved in the transverse direction, is then moved back to the central position shown (loading and unloading position). As soon as a horizontal movement of the first pallet carrier 260-1 becomes possible, it can be moved in the direction of the first work station 180-1 in order to position the workpiece there.
  • the pallet carriers interacting at a transfer position are thus adapted to one another in such a way that they can partially move into one another, whereby one of the pallet carriers interacting in the transfer position can carry out lifting movements in order to be able to carry out pallet lifting or lowering operations.
  • the fourth transport path 202-4 which runs near the rear of the machine base 110, connects the transfer positions 204-2 and 204-3, which are each located in the area of the work stations, in an analogous manner.
  • the fourth pallet carrier 260-4 which can be moved horizontally in the x-direction, has the same degrees of freedom of movement as the third pallet carrier 260-3 just described, which is why reference is made to the description there.
  • the fourth transport path 202-4 it is possible, for example, to take over a workpiece, which was initially machined at the first work station 180-1, from the first pallet carrier 260-1 positioned there and to transport it to the second work station 180-2, where the pallet with the workpiece is then taken over by the associated second pallet carrier 260-2 and positioned for workpiece machining.
  • the transport routes 202-1 and 202-2 leading to the work stations in the longitudinal direction (y-direction) are designed with regard to the possible transport routes in such a way that the pallet carriers 260-1, 260-2 can be moved so far back (into the area of the control 190) under the work units of the work station that the work units are freely accessible from the front in order, for example, to be able to conveniently carry out a tool change without being hindered by a pallet carrier.
  • the honing machine 100 is a highly flexible honing machine that preferably works with just two honing units, meaning it can have a two-spindle design.
  • the honing machine is suitable for parallel machining of workpieces at two different honing stations. Workpieces can still be loaded and unloaded in parallel with the cycle time.
  • workpiece positioning systems that work with precise positioning are implemented, which allow flexible component positions to be approached in three mutually perpendicular axial directions.
  • component positioning systems include the horizontally movable horizontal slides 135-1, 135-2, which carry the honing units (and/or other processing units), as well as the first and second pallet carriers 260-1, 260-2 that can be moved into the area of the workstation and which can be moved with precise positioning in a horizontal second direction (y-direction) perpendicular to the direction of travel of the processing unit, on the one hand, and vertically (i.e. parallel to the spindle axis of the honing unit) on the other.
  • the work stations can each be equipped with a honing unit, so that they are each configured as a honing station.
  • one or more other work units such as a deburring unit and/or a measuring unit, can be attached to the same horizontal slide (or to a horizontal slide that can be moved separately). Not every work station has to be designed as a honing station.
  • the machine-internal pallet transport system 200 which is designed in such a way that different transport paths can be freely configured via a control unit of the honing machine.
  • a maximum of three pallets are used, whereby, for example, two pallets can be positioned simultaneously in the area of the work station during processing and one pallet can be positioned in a loading position for loading or unloading.
  • the pallet transport system of the embodiment can be described as containing an integrated workpiece positioning system, which includes the horizontally and vertically movable first and second pallet carriers on the first and second transport paths.
  • the configuration can also be described in such a way that the component positioning systems in the honing machine take on both the task of component positioning in relation to the processing unit and tasks as part of the pallet transport.
  • the overall concept also includes the ability to load or unload components directly onto the pallets in the machine, and also to change the entire pallet at the loading station. This is an advantage, for example, if high set-up costs would be necessary for clamping and unclamping workpieces. Pallets can also be set up outside the honing machine and then loaded fully loaded.
  • the honing machine is very flexible and can accommodate components or workpieces with a relatively high individual weight as well as many individual, usually smaller workpieces at the same time on a pallet and process them in one operation.
  • the advantages include a high output and the possibility of variable honing spindle assignment for single-spindle or double-spindle processes.
  • the honing machine shown can, for example, represent the following processing scenarios.
  • Scenario 1 Honing, measuring, deburring of a workpiece with one hole
  • Scenario 2 Honing, measuring, deburring of a workpiece with multiple holes
  • Scenario 3 Honing, measuring, deburring of multiple workpieces with one hole
  • Scenario 4 Honing, measuring, deburring of multiple workpieces with multiple holes
  • Scenario 5 double-single-spindle process, where honing and loading can take place twice at the same time
  • Scenario 6 two-spindle process, where honing and loading can take place twice at the same time.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Machine de rodage permettant d'usiner des pièces qui présentent au moins un alésage devant être usiné par rodage, comprenant :
    plusieurs stations de travail (180-1, 180-2), au moins l'une des stations de travail étant configurée sous forme de station de rodage (180-1, 180-2) qui comprend au moins une unité de rodage (150-1, 150-2), laquelle présente un arbre de broche (152) qui peut être entraîné en rotation autour d'un axe de broche vertical (155) au moyen d'un entraînement rotatif et peut être déplacé suivant un mouvement de va-et-vient parallèlement à l'axe de broche au moyen d'un entraînement en va-et-vient ; et
    un système de transport à palettes (200) interne à la machine servant au transport de pièces à partir des stations de travail (180-1, 180-2) et jusqu'à celles-ci à l'aide de palettes (210-1, 210-2), le système de transport à palettes (200) étant conçu de telle sorte que différents chemins de transport peuvent être configurés librement par le biais d'une unité de commande (190) de la machine de rodage (200),
    caractérisée en ce que
    le système de transport à palettes (200) présente quatre voies de transport (202-1 - 202-4) linéaires pouvant être utilisées de manière bidirectionnelle, lesquelles sont disposées dans un agencement rectangulaire, des positions de déplacement (204-1 - 204-4) servant au transfert de palettes (210-1, 210-2) entre des voies de transport adjacentes orthogonales l'une à l'autre étant agencées dans des régions de coin de l'agencement rectangulaire.
  2. Machine de rodage selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le système de transport à palettes (200) présente plusieurs voies de transport (202-1 - 202-4) linéaires pouvant être utilisées de manière bidirectionnelle, chacune des voies de transport présente un support de palette mobile horizontalement, des positions de déplacement (204-1 - 204-4) servant au transfert de palettes (210-1, 210-2) entre les voies de transport adjacentes sont agencées entre les voies de transport adjacentes et les supports de palettes de voies de transport adjacentes sont réalisés pour un transfert direct de palettes sans dispositif de déplacement supplémentaire.
  3. Machine de rodage selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le système de transport à palettes présente une station de chargement et de déchargement (185) qui est agencée sur un côté opérateur de la machine de rodage (100) entre, en particulier centralement entre les extrémités d'une voie de transport (202-3) linéaire pouvant être utilisées de manière bidirectionnelle.
  4. Machine de rodage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins une station de rodage (180-1, 180-2) est agencée dans une région de coin de l'agencement rectangulaire en une position de déplacement (204-2, 204-3) de telle sorte qu'une amenée et une évacuation de palettes soit possible dans deux directions orthogonales l'une à l'autre.
  5. Machine de rodage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la machine de rodage présente une première station de rodage (180-1) et une deuxième station de rodage (180-2) pouvant être utilisée indépendamment de celle-ci, les stations de rodage étant agencées dans des positions de déplacement (204-2, 204-3) à des extrémités opposées d'une voie de transport linéaire (202-4).
  6. Machine de rodage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'exactement deux stations de rodage (180-1, 180-2) sont prévues, lesquelles présentent de préférence respectivement une unité de rodage unique (150-1, 150-2).
  7. Machine de rodage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'au niveau d'au moins l'une des stations de rodage (180-1, 180-2), de préférence au niveau de toutes les stations de rodage (180-1, 180-2), l'unité de rodage est agencée sur un chariot horizontal (135-1, 135-2) qui est déplaçable parallèlement à une première direction (direction x).
  8. Machine de rodage selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que le chariot horizontal (135-1, 135-2) supporte, en plus d'une unité de rodage, au moins une autre unité de travail (160-1, 160-2), en particulier une unité d'ébavurage et/ou une unité de mesure (170-1, 170-2) .
  9. Machine de rodage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le système de transport à palettes (200) présente au moins un support de palette (260-1, 260-2) qui est déplaçable de manière bidirectionnelle horizontalement dans au moins une direction horizontale et en outre verticalement dans la direction verticale , une voie de transport (202-1, 202-2) horizontale pouvant être utilisée par le support de palette menant à une station de travail (180-1, 180-2) et à l'écart de celle-ci.
  10. Machine de rodage selon l'une des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisée en ce que le système de transport à palettes (200) présente au moins un support de palette (260-1, 260-2) qui est déplaçable de manière bidirectionnelle horizontalement parallèlement à une deuxième direction perpendiculaire à la première direction et verticalement parallèlement à une troisième direction parallèle à l'axe de broche (155).
  11. Machine de rodage selon l'une des revendications 9 ou 10, caractérisée en ce que le support de palette (260-1, 260-2) présente, sur un côté supérieur prévu pour la réception d'une palette, des composants d'un système de serrage à point zéro (265).
  12. Machine de rodage selon l'une des revendications 9, 10 ou 11, caractérisée en ce que le support de palette (260-1, 260-2) présente des composants d'interface pouvant être accouplés automatiquement pour la transmission d'énergie et/ou de signaux entre la machine de rodage et une palette supportée par le support de palette.
  13. Machine de rodage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le système de transport à palettes (200) est une partie fonctionnelle d'un système de positionnement de pièce intégré dans la machine de rodage, lequel est configuré pour positionner une pièce avec une position connue dans la région d'une station de travail (180-1, 180-2) à la fois dans au moins une direction horizontale et dans la direction verticale.
  14. Machine de rodage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que des palettes (210-1, 210-2) du système de transport à palettes (200) présentent une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes :
    des dispositifs auxiliaires de positionnement servant à faciliter le positionnement d'une palette dans une position cible sur un support de palette, les dispositifs auxiliaires de positionnement présentant de préférence des tenons de serrage qui peuvent être utilisés dans un système de serrage à point zéro (265) ;
    au moins un composant pouvant être commandé et comportant des actionneurs et des capteurs, de telle sorte qu'une commande du composant pouvant être commandé est possible par le biais de l'unité de commande de la machine de rodage, des mouvements de pièce par rapport à la palette pouvant être produits de préférence à l'aide d'un composant pouvant être commandé d'un dispositif de retenue de pièce monté sur la palette et une rétroaction vers l'unité de commande en ce qui concerne la position réglée et/ou l'orientation étant possible par le biais de signaux de capteurs.
EP20735511.6A 2019-07-17 2020-06-24 Machine de rodage Active EP3999279B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019210548.3A DE102019210548A1 (de) 2019-07-17 2019-07-17 Honmaschine
PCT/EP2020/067745 WO2021008838A1 (fr) 2019-07-17 2020-06-24 Machine de rodage

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EP3999279A1 EP3999279A1 (fr) 2022-05-25
EP3999279C0 EP3999279C0 (fr) 2024-04-17
EP3999279B1 true EP3999279B1 (fr) 2024-04-17

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EP (1) EP3999279B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN114080299A (fr)
DE (1) DE102019210548A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021008838A1 (fr)

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CN114951776B (zh) * 2022-06-18 2023-08-08 北京加钛加固技术有限公司 一种建筑支护钢模板制作装置及制作方法

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DE4022427C2 (de) * 1990-07-13 1994-12-15 Krups Gmbh Förderanlage für Bearbeitungs- und/oder Montageanlagen
DE102004053503B4 (de) * 2004-10-27 2015-06-18 Nagel Maschinen- Und Werkzeugfabrik Gmbh Honanlage mit mehreren Arbeitsstationen
JP4836259B2 (ja) * 2006-12-01 2011-12-14 株式会社研友 基板の自動分割方法、自動分割装置
DE102012201730A1 (de) * 2012-02-06 2013-08-08 Nagel Maschinen- Und Werkzeugfabrik Gmbh Honmaschine mit mehreren Arbeitsstationen
DE102015208330A1 (de) * 2015-05-06 2016-11-10 Gehring Technologies Gmbh Honmaschine mit einem Maschinengestell und mindestens zwei beidseits des Maschinengestells angeordneten Einheiten
CN105643271A (zh) * 2016-02-26 2016-06-08 东莞市速美达自动化有限公司 直线滑块式循环运送生产线
CN107175575B (zh) * 2016-03-10 2024-02-23 宁夏银川大河数控机床有限公司 一种二轴式珩磨机主轴往复运动装置
DE202016002857U1 (de) * 2016-04-04 2016-05-19 Nagel Maschinen- Und Werkzeugfabrik Gmbh Honmaschine mit mehreren Arbeitsstationen
US10207879B2 (en) * 2016-10-04 2019-02-19 Gehring L.P. Method and apparatus for honing a workpiece
CN108297346A (zh) * 2018-03-27 2018-07-20 东莞市星洁电器五金有限公司 一种新型线束触头注塑模条运转机构
CN208840999U (zh) * 2018-10-12 2019-05-10 深圳市奥美迅科技有限公司 一种可循环加工装配流水线

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CN114080299A (zh) 2022-02-22
WO2021008838A1 (fr) 2021-01-21
EP3999279C0 (fr) 2024-04-17
DE102019210548A1 (de) 2021-01-21
EP3999279A1 (fr) 2022-05-25
US20220258299A1 (en) 2022-08-18

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