Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
  • B23K26/36—Removing material
  • B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
  • B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
  • B23K26/0869—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction
  • B23K26/0876—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction in at least two axial directions
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
  • B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
  • B23K26/144—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor the fluid stream containing particles, e.g. powder
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
  • B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
  • B23K26/355—Texturing
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
  • B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
  • B23K26/3568—Modifying rugosity
  • B23K26/3576—Diminishing rugosity, e.g. grinding; Polishing; Smoothing
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
  • B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
  • B23K26/3568—Modifying rugosity
  • B23K26/3584—Increasing rugosity, e.g. roughening
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
  • B23K26/36—Removing material
  • B23K26/361—Removing material for deburring or mechanical trimming

Definitions

• the invention lies in the technical field of manufacturing metallic workpiece parts and relates to a process for blasting a plate or tubular workpiece in which a separating machining of the workpiece to create a kerf and a non-separating and at the same time non-joining post-processing of the workpiece a machining beam takes place.
• the cut edges of the cut workpiece parts usually require complex mechanical post-processing. Sharp cut edges must be rounded, for example provided with a bevel, and burrs on the cut edges must be removed. Furthermore, the cut edges often have to be prepared for a later machining process, for example by smoothing or roughening. The oxidation that occurs at the cut edges during laser cutting with oxygen as the working gas is also a problem. Since oxide layers are usually difficult to paint, they have to be removed by grinding.
• the object of the present invention is to develop conventional methods in which workpiece parts are cut out of a plate-shaped or tubular workpiece by means of a cutting beam so that the workpiece parts can be produced in an automated manner faster, more cheaply and with high quality .
• a process for blasting a plate-shaped or tubular workpiece is shown.
• the process according to the invention can be used in any method in which a cutting gap is generated in a workpiece by a cutting beam (thermal cutting), for example laser cutting or flame cutting.
• a cutting beam thermal cutting
• the process according to the invention is used in laser cutting, the processing beam being a laser beam and the beam processing being laser beam processing.
• the term "workpiece” denotes a plate-shaped or tubular, typically metallic component from which at least one workpiece part (good part) is to be produced from the workpiece.
• the plate-shaped workpiece is typically planar or flat.
• machining beam is used instead of cutting beam. It goes without saying that by setting its power density, the machining beam can be used either for separating machining or alternatively for non-separating and the same non-joining machining of the workpiece can be used.
• the energy density of the processing beam indicates the energy of the processing beam in relation to the surface of the workpiece irradiated by the processing beam, for example measured in J / mm 2 .
• the energy density in relation to the time interval in which the irradiated surface of the workpiece is irradiated, for example measured in J / (mm 2 xs), referred to here and hereinafter as "power density", is relevant for the generation of the kerf and the reworking of the workpiece . If the power density absorbed by the workpiece is important, the power density can also be understood to mean the power density absorbed by the workpiece.
• the blasting of a plate-shaped or tubular workpiece comprises the creation of an incision gap which cuts through the workpiece along a cutting line of at least one workpiece part.
• the cutting line corresponds to a contour (outline) of a workpiece part to be produced from the workpiece.
• the cutting line is completely provided with a cutting gap, i.e. cut through.
• the beam head When creating the kerf, the beam head is moved over the workpiece to guide the machining beam, the machining beam being guided along the cutting line.
• the cutting line is thus a predefined or predefined (imaginary) line or path along which the machining beam or beam head is guided to cut out the workpiece part contoured by the cutting line.
• the machining beam has a first power density that is dimensioned such that the workpiece is (completely) cut.
• the machining jet interacts with a working gas jet directed onto the kerf.
• the first power density can assume different power density values, so it does not have to be constant.
• the reference system is always stationary with respect to the workpiece, so that the jet head is seen as being moved and the workpiece as being stationary. Viewed locally, however, it is irrelevant whether the beam head or workpiece or both are moved. In this respect, it would be equally possible that, in addition to the moving blasting head, the workpiece is also moved or both the blasting head and the workpiece become.
• the cutting gap along the cutting line, the workpiece part is cut out partially or completely along its contour, ie the cutting gap is always contour-forming. Accordingly, the term “kerf” in the sense of the present invention does not include any sections of the kerf which are not contour-forming and do not extend along the contour of the workpiece part.
• the workpiece when a workpiece part is cut out, the workpiece is often pierced away from the contour and the cutting beam is first moved a little way towards the contour-forming cutting line of the workpiece part.
• the kerf created in the work piece is not contour-forming and therefore does not fall under the term kerf as it is to be understood in the context of the invention.
• the cutting of a workpiece part from the workpiece is done by creating a closed cutting gap along the cutting line (contour) of the workpiece part.
• the cutting gap extends only along one or more sections of the contour of the workpiece part, so that the workpiece part is only partially cut out by the machining beam and the workpiece part is still connected to the workpiece.
• the workpiece part is cut free (i.e. completely cut out) by the machining beam.
• the kerf can be divided into different sections that are produced one after the other and, for example, successively lengthen the kerf.
• the remainder of the workpiece is typically referred to as "scrap skeleton".
• the remaining workpiece when the at least one workpiece part to be cut out is at least mentally removed, is referred to as a scrap skeleton.
• the workpiece is reworked when the workpiece part is only partially, i.e. not completely, cut out.
• the remaining workpiece without the area within the contour of the at least one workpiece part to be cut out is referred to as a residual lattice, even if the workpiece part has not yet been cut free.
• the cutting gap is therefore always limited by two opposing cutting edges, i.e. one cutting edge on the workpiece side and one cutting edge on the skeleton side.
• cut out in the sense of the present invention includes both the full constant cutting out as well as the partial cutting out of a workpiece part from the workpiece.
• a partially cut workpiece part is still firmly connected to the rest of the workpiece (scrap skeleton), ie the partially cut workpiece part is still an integral part of the workpiece.
• connection of a partially cut workpiece part with the rest of the workpiece is sufficiently rigid so that a change in position of the partially cut workpiece part relative to the rest of the workpiece (scrap skeleton) does not occur or does not occur when the workpiece is reworked any change in position is negligibly small and does not lead to a change in the result in the post-processing of the workpiece that can reasonably be taken into account.
• the workpiece is reworked with a partially cut work piece part along the cutting line.
• the partially cut out workpiece part can remain connected to the workpiece during post-processing by one or more so-called micro-joints. These are webs of small dimensions, such microjoints typically having a maximum dimension of 1.5 mm along the contour of the workpiece part.
• the partially cut workpiece part is advantageously connected to the workpiece by an area which, along the contour or cutting line, preferably has a dimension of at least 2 mm, more preferably at least 3 mm, in particular at least 5 mm. This applies in particular to conventional workpieces made of sheet metal with sheet thicknesses in the range from 0.5 mm to 30 mm.
• Microjoints are usually severed manually (for example by breaking them out).
• a partially cut workpiece part is preferably cut free from the workpiece by the machining beam.
• At least one section (i.e. one or more sections) of a kerf separating the workpiece is generated by the machining beam along a cutting line which corresponds to at least part of a contour of a workpiece part to be produced from the workpiece.
• the cutting line preferably corresponds to the (complete) contour of a workpiece part to be produced from the workpiece.
• the workpiece part is only partially cut out, i.e. it is still firmly attached to the workpiece (scrap skeleton).
• the workpiece is reworked one or more times (ie partially cut workpiece part and / or scrap skeleton) with partially cut-out cut workpiece part by the processing beam, the post-processing being carried out in at least one section (ie in one or more sections) of at least one post-processing zone extending along the cutting line.
• the workpiece is post-processed non-joining and at the same time non-separating.
• the at least one post-processing zone extends along the cutting line.
• the at least one section in which the workpiece is reworked can in particular extend along the kerf or a section of the kerf, provided that the kerf has already been created.
• the workpiece is generally reworked along the cutting line.
• the cutting gap can be generated along the cutting line in one or more steps.
• the kerf is generated in sections along the cutting line, i.e. several sections of the kerf are generated which together make up the kerf.
• a section of the kerf that has already been produced is preferably lengthened when a further section is produced, so that the kerf is gradually lengthened.
• the workpiece can also be reworked in sections, i.e. reworking can be carried out one after the other, for example, separately by machining the workpiece separately, in several sections of at least one reworking zone. Repeated reworking of the workpiece can also take place in several different reworking zones. In the process according to the invention, reworking of the workpiece can also take place in an area of the workpiece along the cutting line that has no cutting gap, in particular immediately before the workpiece part is cut free.
• the at least one workpiece part when reworking the workpiece in the area of the workpiece part is not completely but only partially cut out of the workpiece and is so firmly (rigidly) connected to the workpiece that a change in position of the partially cut workpiece part relative to the skeleton does not occur or is so small that it does not have to be reasonably taken into account during post-processing.
• the workpiece is reworked along the cutting line of the partially cut workpiece part.
• the reworking of the workpiece comprises the reworking of the workpiece part itself, i.e. that area of the workpiece that is on one side of the cutting line that belongs to the workpiece part.
• the workpiece part is located within the closed contour, i.e. the area within the closed contour is reworked.
• the reworking of the workpiece also includes reworking the skeleton, i.e. that area of the workpiece that is on the other side of the cutting line that does not belong to the workpiece part.
• the cutting gap is created along the cutting line, with the cutting gap extending over the entire cutting line. If the workpiece part is completely cut out (cut free), according to the invention there is neither post-processing of the free cut workpiece part nor of the remaining skeleton (ie skeleton without the workpiece part cut free). The workpiece is then reworked always along a cutting line of a workpiece part still to be cut out, in particular also along the cutting gap, if one has already been created.
• the machining beam When reworking the workpiece, the machining beam has a second power density that is smaller than the first power density used for the cutting machining of the workpiece, with the workpiece being reworked non-joining and at the same time non-separating. This means that if a kerf has already been created, when the workpiece is reworked, the partially cut workpiece part is not reconnected to the scrap skeleton across the kerf. Similarly, when the workpiece is reworked, no breakthrough is produced in the workpiece.
• the processing beam which here is not a cutting beam but a post-processing beam due to its power density, is guided along a post-processing line.
• the post-processing line is a predefined or predefined (imaginary) line or path along which the processing beam or beam head is guided for guiding the processing beam.
• the workpiece is reworked in at least one section of at least one reworking zone that extends along the cutting line.
• the min least one post-processing zone results from the irradiation by the processing beam.
• the post-processing zone is typically wider than the (imaginary) post-processing line due to the beam broadening.
• the post-processing line and the cutting line can be identical.
• the post-processing line and the cutting line are not identical.
• the post-processing line is laterally offset from the cutting line, the post-processing line preferably having a constant vertical (shortest) distance from the cutting line, i.e. the post-processing line and the cutting line are equidistant lines.
• the partially cut workpiece part is cut free (ie completely cut out) after reworking the workpiece one or more times along the cutting line by the processing beam.
• the kerf is produced in sections, with at least two sections, preferably several sections, of the kerf being produced which together form the kerf. The movement of the blasting head and the separating processing of the workpiece are thus interrupted at least once.
• the workpiece is preferably reworked once or several times between the creation of two sections of the kerf in at least one section of at least one reworking zone.
• the workpiece is reworked one or more times in a section of at least one reworking zone, which extends at least partially, in particular completely, along a previously generated, for example a directly previously generated, section of the kerf. It is possible for the workpiece to be reworked along several previously generated sections of the cutting gap or parts thereof.
• a microjoint i.e. a minimal interruption of the kerf
• the workpiece is reworked when the kerf is created in sections only along a (e.g. directly) previously created section of the kerf, with the creation of two immediately adjacent sections of the kerf in each case by at least one reworking of the workpiece along the (e.g. immediately) beforehand generated section of the kerf is interrupted.
• the section of the at least one post-processing zone in which the post-processing takes place can extend along the complete (generated immediately beforehand) section of the kerf or only part thereof. In the case of multiple post-processing, this can be done in several different post-processing zones.
• the beam head is typically moved between two separate machining operations on the workpiece, the machining beam preferably being switched off for this movement.
• the blasting head can also be moved over the workpiece, in particular also within the contour of the workpiece part. For example, when generating a section of the kerf, the jet head is moved from a respective first cutting position to a respective second cutting position. Subsequently, the beam head for post-processing the workpiece is moved along the generated section of the kerf from a respective first post-processing position to a respective second post-processing position.
• the first post-processing position can be added to the first Cutting position be identical or different.
• the second post-processing position can be identical to or different from the second cutting position.
• the workpiece can be reworked one or more times along a complete section of the cutting gap. It is also possible, however, for the workpiece to be reworked once or several times only within a part of the section of the kerf.
• the workpiece is reworked in a section of the reworking zone which at least partially does not have a section of the kerf, particularly preferably in a continuous continuation of reworking in a section of the reworking zone which extends along a section of the kerf. It is thus possible for the workpiece to be reworked beyond the kerf along the cutting line, in particular in an area of the workpiece in which no kerf has yet been created, particularly preferably immediately before the workpiece is cut free at a connecting web (e.g. microjoint) between Workpiece part and scrap skeleton, the workpiece part being cut free by severing the connecting web or manually broken out.
• a connecting web e.g. microjoint
• the partially cut-out workpiece can also be cut free by severing the connecting web, preferably by means of the processing beam.
• This procedure has the particular advantage that the workpiece can be reworked one or more times along the complete (closed) cutting line, i.e. the workpiece part that is later preferably cut free by the machining beam has one or more reworking over its entire contour.
• the scrap skeleton can be reworked once or several times along the entire cutting gap. This is particularly advantageous when producing an opening within a good part, it being possible for post-processing to take place all the way around the cut edge of the opening. As investigations by the inventors have shown, a particularly satisfactory result can be achieved in post-processing by this procedure. This is a great advantage of the process according to the invention.
• the separating processing of the workpiece preferably being interrupted at least once, in particular several times. Chen is used to rework the workpiece once or several times along the cutting line, in particular the cutting gap or part of the cutting gap.
• a section of the cutting gap generated last preferably has a length which is measured along the cutting line and which is smaller than the respective length of any other previously generated section of the cutting gap. For example, the lengths of the successively generated sections of the kerf, viewed from a free cutting point of the workpiece part, do not decrease against the direction in which the kerf is produced.
• this measure can achieve in a particularly advantageous manner that the workpiece can be reworked along as large a part of the cutting line as possible.
• a non-reworked part of the workpiece, with which the partially cut-out workpiece part is still connected to the workpiece, is therefore small in comparison to the machined part along the cutting gap.
• a layer of an anti-adhesive agent is applied to the workpiece at least in the finishing zone in at least one section of at least one reworking zone before reworking the workpiece.
• the non-stick layer is designed in such a way that the adherence of substances such as melt or slag generated during post-processing is inhibited.
• the non-stick layer contains a release agent, for example an oil.
• the post-processing line can have a different course from the cutting line.
• the machining beam is guided with a meandering movement along at least one section of the cutting line when the workpiece is reworked.
• the post-processing line preferably has a meandering course along the cutting line, which enables the post-processing zone to be broadened in a simple manner.
• the post-processing zone created in this way continues to extend along the cutting line.
• the expression "meandering course” is to be understood generally. This includes all movements of the processing beam that have back and forth movements of the processing beam with movement components directed against each other perpendicular to the cutting line.
• the movement components directed against one another have the same dimensions, so that the meandering course is uniform.
• the meandering course sinusoidal.
• the process according to the invention comprises reworking the workpiece one or more times in at least one section of at least one reworking zone after generating at least one section of the kerf.
• the reworking line preferably has a course such that the workpiece is in an area containing a cutting edge of the cutting gap on the workpiece side and / or in an area containing a cutting edge of the cutting gap on the residual lattice side is irradiated by the machining beam.
• a cut edge is preferably reworked, with the other cut edge also being irradiated.
• the term "cutting edge” denotes the two opposing (cross-sectional) surfaces of the residual lattice and the workpiece part, which together form the cutting gap.
• the cutting edges are perpendicular to the plane of a plate-shaped (flat) workpiece or perpendicular to a tangential plane in the region of the cutting gap of a tubular workpiece.
• the cutting edge of the workpiece which is opposite the cutting edge of the partially cut workpiece part, is referred to as the "remnant lattice-side cutting edge", regardless of the fact that the workpiece part is only partially cut out .
• the reworked area can also have a section of the workpiece extending transversely to the cutting edge.
• the cutting edge on the workpiece part side and / or the cutting edge of the cutting gap on the remaining lattice side is reworked without irradiating further sections of the workpiece that are not part of a cutting edge.
• At least one section of at least one reworking zone contains a workpiece-side cutting edge of the cutting gap and / or a remaining lattice-side cutting edge of the cutting gap.
• the workpiece is reworked several times in at least one section of at least one reworking zone.
• the post-processing zone advantageously includes the first post-processing workpiece-part-side cutting edge and / or the remaining lattice-side cutting edge of the
• the post-processing zone can be the workpiece-part-side cutting edge and / or the remaining lattice-side cutting edge of the
• Contain kerf it is equally also possible that it does not contain the workpiece-side cutting edge and / or the remaining lattice-side cutting edge of the kerf.
• an initial post-processing takes place in a post-processing zone or a section of the post-processing zone, which contains the workpiece-side cutting edge and / or the remaining lattice-side cutting edge of the kerf, and the cut edges in the post-processing zone or section of the post-processing zone are not included in any further post-processing.
• This design is particularly advantageous when producing a bevel on the kerf.
• a bevel can be generated starting from a reworked cutting edge.
• the cutting edge no longer has to be irradiated, but the processing beam can be moved further into the workpiece part or scrap lattice in the direction away from the cutting edge, for example in order to widen the bevel.
• a post-processing zone of a following post-processing preferably at least partially contains a post-processing zone of a previous post-processing.
• the same or different post-processing lines and / or the same or different power densities of the processing beam can be used.
• at least two post-processing operations that are carried out in the same section of the post-processing zone have different post-processing lines and / or different power densities of the processing beam.
• the direction for reworking the workpiece can correspond to the direction in which the kerf is produced or it can also be opposite to this.
• the beam axis of the machining beam is preferably always perpendicular to the plate or tubular workpiece or always perpendicular to the workpiece surface, although it is also conceivable that the beam axis deviates from the vertical.
• the beam axis of the machining beam is preferably always perpendicular to the plate or pipe shaped workpiece or always directed perpendicular to the workpiece surface, but it is also conceivable that the beam axis deviates from the vertical.
• the "alignment" of the machining beam is understood to mean the angle between the center beam of the beam cone impinging on the workpiece (i.e. beam axis) of the machining beam and the flat workpiece surface of the workpiece.
• a tangential plane to the workpiece surface is considered at the point of impact of the beam axis.
• the angle between the beam axis and the workpiece surface is 90 °.
• the alignment of the machining beam when irradiating the workpiece for finishing work is always unchanged and is the same as an always unchanged alignment of the machining beam when irradiating the workpiece to create the kerf.
• the machining beam is preferably always directed perpendicular to the workpiece surface when the workpiece is being separated and reworked.
• the beam axis of the Bear processing beam thus remains unchanged during the generation of the kerf and during post-processing. This measure can considerably simplify the machining of the workpiece in terms of control technology.
• costs for the technical implementation of a corresponding pivotability of the beam head and / or processing beam relative to the workpiece can be saved.
• the alignment of the processing beam when irradiating the workpiece for finishing the workpiece is at least temporarily different from the alignment of the processing beam when the workpiece is being separated.
• the beam axis can at least temporarily assume an angle different from 90 ° to the workpiece surface.
• the alignment of the processing beam can be achieved by pivoting the beam head (mechanically) and / or pivoting the processing beam (optically).
• the machining beam or its beam axis is guided along the cutting line.
• the cutting line thus specifies the path of the machining beam on the workpiece surface when generating the kerf for a workpiece part to be cut out.
• the processing beam or its beam axis guided along the post-processing line.
• the reworking line thus specifies the path of the processing beam on the workpiece surface when reworking the workpiece along the cutting gap.
• the reworking zone results from the area of the workpiece that is irradiated during reworking.
• the processing beam can be controlled by moving the beam head and / or by changing the alignment of the beam head relative to the workpiece surface (pivoting the beam head) and / or by changing the beam direction relative to the beam head (optical pivoting of the processing beam relative to the beam head unchanged in its alignment) will.
• the processing beam is preferably controlled only by moving the beam head, with the alignment of the beam head to the workpiece surface and the alignment of the processing beam relative to the beam head during beam processing of the workpiece (separating processing and post-processing) remaining unchanged, which requires complex and cost-intensive technical equipment avoids.
• the distance between the post-processing line and the cutting line is a maximum of half the gap width of the cutting gap plus the radius of a beam cone of the processing beam on the workpiece surface.
• the distance between the post-processing line and the cutting line is greater, for example in the case of the multi-stage production of a bevel, in which the post-processing line is located further away from the kerf than the post-processing line of a previous post-processing.
• the post-processing zone contains at least one cut edge during the first post-processing, the post-processing zones preferably not containing the cut edge in the at least one subsequent post-processing.
• the travel curve of the jet head during post-processing is laterally offset (in particular equidistant) to the travel curve of the jet head during cutting.
• the travel curve of the jet head during post-processing and the travel curve of the jet head during cutting can have a parallel course.
• the machining beam When reworking the workpiece, the machining beam has one of the first Power density Different second power density, which is dimensioned so that a non-joining and at the same time non-separating (but possibly remelting) post-treatment of the workpiece is effected.
• the aftertreatment neither a connection is created between the partially cut workpiece part and the workpiece (residual lattice) across the kerf, nor is the workpiece severed.
• the power density of the machining beam can also be understood as the power density absorbed by the workpiece.
• a change in the power density or the absorbed power density can be achieved by various measures, in particular by changing the energy of the processing beam, changing the beam focus, changing the distance of the beam head from the workpiece surface, changing the type and / or parameters of the working gas and the same.
• the measures for changing the power density are well known to the person skilled in the art, so that they do not have to be discussed in greater detail here.
• the power density is advantageously changed exclusively by changing the vertical distance of the jet head from the workpiece surface.
• the second power density is less than 50%, less than 40%, less than 30%, less than 20%, less than 10% or less than 1% of the first power density.
• the workpiece can be reworked in a wide variety of ways, the reworking line and the second power density of the processing beam being selected in a suitable manner depending on the type of reworking.
• the process according to the invention can advantageously be used for a large number of different post-processing operations, seven of which are specified below by way of example.
• an oxide layer is removed from the cutting edge on the workpiece part side and / or the cutting edge of the cutting gap on the remaining lattice side. This advantageously saves the removal of the oxide layer on the workpiece part that has been completely cut out.
• the irradiated area can optionally be limited to the cut edge (s).
• burrs are removed from the workpiece term cutting edge and / or the remaining lattice-side cutting edge of the cutting gap removed.
• the ridge is often located adjacent to the workpiece surface (facing the processing beam) and / or adjacent to the underside of the workpiece (facing away from the processing beam).
• the irradiated area can optionally be limited to the cut edge (s).
• the workpiece-part-side cutting edge and / or the remaining lattice-side cutting edge of the cutting gap is rounded (by remelting).
• the post-processing line can be offset laterally relative to the cutting line in the direction of the cutting edge to be processed, preferably a maximum of half the cutting gap width plus the radius of the beam cone of the processing beam on the workpiece surface.
• the shape of the workpiece-part-side cutting edge and / or the remaining lattice-side cutting edge of the cutting gap are changed (by remelting), for example smoothed or roughened, for example to improve a joining process.
• a bevel is produced on the workpiece-part-side cutting edge and / or the remaining lattice-side cutting edge of the cutting gap. This can also take place in several steps, wherein according to a preferred embodiment the post-processing line is arranged further away from the associated cutting edge in each subsequent post-processing.
• the workpiece is heat-treated in an area containing the Werk Swissteilsei term cutting edge of the kerf and / or in an area containing the residual lattice cut edge of the kerf, for example hardened or annealed.
• This can also be done in several steps, wherein, according to a preferred embodiment, the post-processing line is arranged further away from the associated cutting edge in each subsequent post-processing.
• the cutting edge on the workpiece-part side and / or an area of the partially cut-out workpiece part which contains the cutting edge on the workpiece-part side, and / or the cut edge of the skeleton-side of the cutting gap and / or an area of the skeleton that contains the skeleton-side cutting edge edge provided with a coating during post-treatment (e.g. zinc coating).
• a coating during post-treatment e.g. zinc coating.
• This can be done in a simple manner by adding a substance which produces the coating (eg zinc) to a second working gas jet.
• the second working gas jet is different from the (first) working gas jet, which is preferably guided coaxially to the machining jet.
• the area irradiated by the second working gas jet can optionally be limited to the cut edge (s).
• the coating can also take place in several steps, according to a preferred embodiment, the post-processing line is arranged further away from the associated cutting edge in each subsequent post-processing.
• coated workpieces can also be processed in a particularly advantageous manner in a thermally separating manner by a cutting beam. Any subsequent coating of the completely cut out workpiece part is not necessary.
• the processing beam is guided by the blasting head and emerges at a terminal blasting nozzle which is provided with a blasting nozzle opening.
• the jet nozzle tapers conically towards the workpiece or towards the workpiece support.
• the jet nozzle opening is typically, but not necessarily, round.
• the machining beam is typically, but not necessarily, designed in the form of a beam cone striking the workpiece.
• the jet head also serves to guide a (first) working gas jet which is typically, but not necessarily, emitted from the same jet nozzle as the machining jet and is preferably guided coaxially to the machining jet.
• the (first) working gas jet emerging from the jet nozzle of the jet head is typically, but not necessarily, in the form of a gas cone hitting the workpiece.
• the jet head can also be used to guide a second working gas jet that differs from the first working gas jet and is used for transporting Coating material is used and does not emerge from the same hole in the beam head as the machining beam.
• the blasting head can be moved relative to the workpiece.
• the workpiece which typically rests on a flat workpiece support, has a workpiece surface opposite the jet head, for example a flat workpiece surface, onto which the machining and working gas jet can be directed for separating machining and for reworking the workpiece.
• the invention also extends to a beam processing device with a processing beam guided by a beam head for beam processing a plate-shaped or tubular workpiece, which has an electronic control device for controlling / regulating the beam processing of the workpiece, which is used to carry out the above-described process according to the invention (technical program) is set up.
• the invention also extends to a program code for an electronic control device suitable for data processing for such a beam processing device, which contains control commands which cause the control device to carry out the process according to the invention described above.
• the invention also extends to a computer program product (storage medium) with a stored program code for an electronic control device suitable for data processing for such a beam processing device, which contains control commands which cause the control device to carry out the above-described process according to the invention.
• FIGS. 1-15 show an exemplary process for beam machining a workpiece
• 26-28 a further example of repeated post-processing of a workpiece
• 29 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary beam processing device for carrying out the process according to the invention for beam processing a workpiece
• FIG. 30 is a flow diagram of the process according to the invention.
• FIG. 29 shows a known beam processing device for beam cutting of plate-like workpieces.
• the beam processing device designated as a whole by the reference number 1 comprises a beam cutting device 2 with a beam head 3 and a work table 4 with a workpiece support 5 for a workpiece 9 (not shown in Figure 29, see Figures 1 to 15), for example a flat sheet metal.
• the workpiece support 5 is spanned by a cross member 6, which is guided so that it can be moved along a first axial direction (x direction).
• a guide carriage 7 for the blasting head 3 is mounted on the cross member 6 and is guided on the cross member 6 so as to be movable along a second axis direction (y direction) perpendicular to the first axis direction.
• the jet head 3 can thus be moved in a plane spanned by the two axial directions (x, y direction) parallel and relative to the workpiece support 5, which is horizontal, for example.
• the jet head 3 is also designed to be vertically movable in a third axial direction (z-direction) perpendicular to the first and second axial directions, whereby the distance perpendicular to the workpiece support 5 can be changed.
• the z-direction corresponds to the direction of gravity.
• the jet head 3 has on its the Workpiece support 5 facing side a towards the workpiece support 5 conically tapering jet nozzle 13.
• the beam head 3 is used to guide a Bear processing beam, here for example a laser beam, and a working gas beam.
• the machining beam is generated by a machining beam source 8 and, for example, guided to the beam head 3 through a beam guide tube and several deflecting mirrors or a light guide cable.
• the processing beam can be focused on the workpiece using a focusing lens or adaptive optics. Due to the mobility of the blasting head 3 along the first axial direction (x-direction) and second axial direction (y-direction), any point on the workpiece can be approached with the machining beam.
• the working distance of the jet nozzle 13 to the workpiece can be set by changing the (vertical) distance to the workpiece surface.
• the distance between the jet head 3 and the workpiece surface, in particular the cutting height, can be set before, during and after the cutting process.
• a separating machining of the workpiece can in particular be carried out with a variable cutting height within a cutting height range.
• the focus position of the processing beam can be adjusted via optical elements in the beam head 3, for example adaptive optics.
• a first working gas jet (not shown in detail) is used to drive the melt out of the kerf.
• the working gas jet is generated by a gas jet generating device not shown in detail.
• Helium (He), argon (Ar) or nitrogen (N2), for example, are used as the inert working gas.
• Oxygen (O2) is usually used as the reactive working gas. It is also known to use gas mixtures.
• the working gas jet emerges from the same jet nozzle 13 as the Bear beitungsstrahl 16 and is guided, for example, coaxially to the machining jet 16 to the machining point and hits there with an (initial) gas pressure specified by the gas jet generating device on the workpiece surface of the workpiece.
• the workpiece support 5 consists, for example, of a large number of support elements with, for example, triangular support point tips, which together define a support plane for the workpiece 9 to be machined.
• the support elements are designed here, for example, as elongated support webs, which each extend along the y-direction and, for example, with a constant spacing between them in a parallel arrangement along the x-direction. are arranged lying on top of each other.
• a suction device through which cutting smoke, slag particles and small waste parts that arise during jet cutting can be suctioned off.
• a program-controlled control device 12 is used to control / regulate the process according to the invention for beam processing the workpiece 9 in the beam processing device 1.
• FIGS. 1 to 15 wherein an exemplary process for blasting a workpiece by the blasting device 1 of FIG. 29 is illustrated.
• FIGS. 1 to 15 correspond to later situations in the process.
• FIG. 1 a section line 14 (dashed line) is shown.
• the cutting line 14 is an imaginary line which corresponds to the complete contour (outline) of a workpiece part 11 to be cut out.
• the contour indicates the outer shape of the workpiece part 11 to be cut out.
• the workpiece part 11 is to be completely cut out of the plate-shaped or tubular workpiece 9, not shown in detail, with the scrap skeleton 10 remaining.
• the workpiece part 11 has here, for example, a rectangular shape with rounded corners, it being understood that the workpiece part 11 can have any shape.
• the emerging from the beam head 3 processing beam 16 for example, a laser beam, illustrated schematically.
• the machining beam 16 is guided along the cutting line 14, with an incision gap 15 being created in the workpiece 9 with a corresponding power density in order to cut the workpiece part 11 out of the workpiece 9.
• the beam head 3 has been moved into a position above the cutting line 14, in which the machining beam 16 hits a cutting position A of the cutting line 14 with its beam axis.
• the beam head 3 is moved along the cutting line 14, the machining beam 16 being moved from the cutting position A to a cutting position B.
• the cutting gap 15 (solid line) breaking through the workpiece 9 is produced between the cutting position A and the cutting position B.
• the kerf 15 is made in sections generated, a first section 15-1 of the kerf 15 being generated.
• the first section 15-1 of the kerf 15 is correspondingly produced in a first section 14-1 of the cutting line 14. It goes without saying that the machining beam 16 can also pierce the workpiece 9 away from the cutting line 14, the cutting gap 15 in the sense of the present invention only extending along the contour (cutting line 14) of the workpiece part 11.
• FIG. 3 illustrates a situation in which the first section 15-1 of the cutting gap 15 between the cutting position A and the cutting position B has been completely produced.
• the separating machining of the workpiece 9 is now interrupted.
• the machining beam 16 is switched off and the beam head 3 is moved into a position above the cutting position A of the cutting line 14.
• the movement of the jet head 3 within the cutting line 14, i.e. above the workpiece part 11 to be cut out, can take place in a direct line between the cutting position B and the cutting position A of the cutting line 14.
• the cutting position A corresponds to a first post-processing position of a post-processing line 18 (see FIG. 4). It is equally possible that the workpiece part 11 to be cut is not run over.
• the processing beam 16 is now switched on again and the beam head 3 is moved along the post-processing line 18 (dashed line), the processing beam 16, starting from the first post-processing position corresponding to the cutting position A, to a corresponding cutting position B. second post-processing position is moved.
• the workpiece 9 is reworked in a first section 22-1 of a reworking zone 22 (illustrated schematically by the solid line).
• FIG. 5 shows a situation in which the workpiece 9 has been reworked along the entire first section 15-1 of the cutting gap 15.
• the reworked area or the first section 22-1 of the reworking zone 22 is illustrated schematically with a solid line.
• Analogous to the section-wise generation of the kerf 15, the post-processing zone 22 is section-wise he generates. Specifically, the workpiece 9 is post-processed in the first section 22-1 of the post-processing zone 22.
• the post-processing line 18 and Post-processing zone 22 is shown offset parallel to each other and equi-distant to cutting line 14 for reasons of illustration. This also corresponds to a preferred positioning of the post-processing line 18 for certain applications.
• the post-processing line 18 should be identical to the cutting line 14, which corresponds to an equally preferred positioning of the post-processing line 18 for certain applications, but cannot be well represented graphically.
• the post-processing zone 22 generally has a wider dimension perpendicular to the extent thereof than the post-processing line 18, which is not shown in the drawing in the schematic illustration.
• the processing line 18 only indicates the movement of the beam head 3.
• the Nachbear processing zone 22 is the area of the workpiece 9 that is post-processed by irradiation.
• the post-processing line 18 extends along the cutting line 14.
• the post-processing zone 22 accordingly also extends along the cutting line 14.
• the post-processing zone 22 does not, however, have to contain the cutting line 14 and the cutting gap 15.
• the post-processing zone 22 can contain the kerf 15 or a section of the kerf 15.
• the kerf 15 is delimited by two opposite cut edges 19, 19 '(see FIG. 16 and the following).
• the post-processing in a section of the post-processing zone 22 is described by moving the beam head 3 from a respective first post-processing position to a respective second post-processing position. For each section of the post-processing zone 22, the respective first and second post-processing positions are indicated.
• the workpiece 9 is machined further in a separating manner, the first section 15-1 of the cutting gap 15 already produced being extended to the cutting position C.
• FIG. 6 illustrates a situation in which a further or second section 15-2 of the cutting gap 15 was created between the cutting position B and the cutting position C along a second section 14-2 of the cutting line 14.
• the separating machining of the workpiece 9 is now interrupted.
• the machining beam 16 is switched off and the beam head 3 is in a position above the cutting position B of the Proceed cutting line 14 as illustrated by an arrow.
• the cutting position B corresponds to a first post-processing position of the post-processing line 18 for the subsequent post-processing (see FIG. 7).
• the processing beam 16 is switched on again and the beam head 3 is moved along the post-processing line 18, the processing beam 16 being moved from the first post-processing position corresponding to the cutting position B to a second post-processing position corresponding to the cutting position C.
• FIG 8 a situation is shown in which the workpiece 9 along the entire second section 15-2 of the cutting gap 15 between the first post-processing position corresponding to the cutting position B and the second post-processing position corresponding to the cutting position C in a further or second section 22-2 of the post-processing zone 22 has been reworked.
• the second section 22-2 of the post-processing zone 22 extends the previously generated first section 22-1 of the post-processing zone 22.
• the workpiece 9 is then machined further in a severing manner, the part of the cutting gap 15 already produced being lengthened to the cutting position D.
• FIG. 9 illustrates a situation in which a third section 15-3 of the cutting gap 15 between the cutting position C and the cutting position D along a third section 14-3 of the cutting line 14 has been produced.
• the separating Bear processing of the workpiece 9 is now interrupted.
• the machining beam 16 is switched off and the beam head 3 is moved into a position above the cutting position C of the cutting line 14.
• the cutting position C corresponds to a first post-processing position of the post-processing line 18 for the subsequent post-processing (see FIG. 10).
• the third section 15-3 of the kerf 15 extends the second section 15-2 of the kerf 15.
• the processing beam 16 is switched on again and the beam head 3 is moved along the post-processing line 18, the processing beam 16 from the first post-processing position corresponding to the cutting position C to a second post-processing position corresponding to the cutting position D position is moved.
• FIG. 11 shows a situation in which the workpiece 9 has been post-processed along the entire third section 15-3 of the cutting gap 15 between the first post-processing position and the second post-processing position in a third section 22-3 of the post-processing zone 22.
• the third section 22-3 of the post-processing zone 22 extends the previously generated second section 22-2 of the post-processing zone 22.
• the workpiece 9 is machined further in a separating manner, the part of the cutting gap 15 already produced being extended to the cutting position E.
• FIG. 12 illustrates a situation in which a fourth section 15-4 of the cutting gap 15 between the cutting position D and the cutting position E along a fourth section 14-4 of the cutting line 14 has been produced.
• the separating Bear processing of the workpiece 9 is interrupted.
• the fourth section 15-4 of the kerf 15 extends the third section 15-3 of the kerf 15.
• the machining beam 16 is switched off and the beam head 3 is moved into a position above the cutting position D.
• the cutting position D corresponds to a first post-processing position of the post-processing line 18 for the following post-processing (see FIG. 13).
• the processing beam 16 is switched on again and the beam head 3 is moved along the post-processing line 18, the processing beam 16 being moved from the first post-processing position corresponding to the cutting position D to a second post-processing position corresponding to the cutting position E.
• FIG 14 a situation is shown in which the workpiece 9 along the complete fourth section 15-4 of the cutting gap 15 between a first post-processing position corresponding to the cutting position D and the second post-processing position corresponding to the cutting position E in a fourth section 22-4 of the post-processing zone 22 has been reworked.
• the fourth section 22-4 of the post-processing zone 22 extends the previously generated third section 22-3 of the post-processing machining zone 22.
• the workpiece 9 is then processed further in a severing manner, the part of the cutting gap 15 already produced being extended along a fifth section 14-5 of the cutting line 14 to the cutting position A.
• the cutting gap 15 is closed and the workpiece part 11 is cut free from the scrap lattice 10 so that it can be removed.
• a fifth section 15-5 of the kerf 15 is produced, which extends the fourth section 15-4 of the kerf 15.
• the extended fourth section 22-4 'of the post-processing zone 22 it extends here to the cutting position A (second post-processing position), so that the post-processing zone 22 is a closed, elongated area along the entire cutting line 14, ie over the entire contour of the workpiece part 11 extends.
• a bevel can be produced on one or both cutting edges of the cutting gap 15 to be produced later in the region of the fifth section 14-5 of the cutting line 14.
• the workpiece part 11 is then cut free by producing the fifth section 15-2 of the cutting gap 15.
• the machining beam 16 has a first power density that is dimensioned such that the workpiece 9 is cut through.
• the first power density can assume different values, ie the first power density does not have to have a constant value.
• the processing beam 16 has a second power density which is dimensioned such that the workpiece 9 is processed neither in a joining nor in a separating manner. As a result, the workpiece 9 is reworked along the cutting line 14.
• the second power density can have different values assume, ie the second power density does not have to have a constant value.
• the beam axis of the processing beam 16 is, for example, axially parallel to the conical beam nozzle 13 and hits the workpiece 9 perpendicularly.
• the processing beam 16 is with an unchanged orientation of its beam axis relative to the workpiece surface 17 (e.g. 90 °) on the Workpiece surface 17 directed.
• the post-processing can be varied in many ways.
• the post-processing line 18 could be arranged laterally offset (e.g. equidistantly) to the cutting line 14.
• the respective first post-processing position and the respective second post-processing position of a section 22-1 to 22-4 (22-4 ') of the post-processing zone 22 could also be positioned such that the workpiece 9 only runs along a part of the respective section 14-1 to 14 -5 of the cutting line 14 or a part of the respective section 15-1 to 15-5 of the cutting gap 15 is reworked, ie the respective sections 22-1 to 22-4 of the reworking zone 22 do not extend over the entire length of the associated sections 14 -1 to 14-5 of the cutting line 14 or not over the entire length of the associated sections 15-1 to 15-5 of the kerf 15.
• the direction of post-processing could also be opposite to the direction in which the kerf 15 is produced.
• a respective section 14-1 to 14-5 of the cutting line 14 can be subjected to a single post-processing. However, it is also possible for several post-processing operations to be carried out for the same part or section 14-1 to 14-5 of the cutting line 14.
• the workpiece 9 is preferably rich in the same part or section 14-1 to 14-5 of the cutting line 14 in an area containing a workpiece-part-side cutting edge 19 of the cutting gap 15 and / or in a cutting edge 19 'of the cutting gap 15 on the lattice side Containing area is irradiated by the machining beam 16. For example, when a cut edge 19, 19 'is irradiated, the respective opposite cut edge 19', 19 is also irradiated.
• the length of the parts of the kerf 15 produced during the cutting procedures can be achieved in an advantageous manner the fact that the smallest possible part of the kerf 15 is not subjected to any post-processing. It would also be possible for the lengths of the parts of the kerf 15 produced during the cutting procedures to increase continuously, for example, starting from the free cutting point of the workpiece part 11.
• the workpiece 9 can be subjected to a post-treatment before the workpiece part 11 is cut free in an area in which the workpiece 9 is still connected to the scrap skeleton 10.
• the aftertreatment of the last section (fifth) section 14-5 of the cutting line 14 there is thus initially an aftertreatment of the workpiece 9 and then the creation of a (fifth) section of the kerf 15 for cutting free the workpiece part 11.
• the post-processing line 18 has a meandering course along the cutting line 14.
• the post-processing zone 22 can advantageously be widened in a direction perpendicular to the cutting line 14.
• FIGS. 16 to 21 in which various applications for reworking the workpiece 9 in the method according to FIGS. 1 to 15 are illustrated.
• oxide layers are removed from the cut edge 19 on the workpiece part side and the cut edge 19 ′ of the cut gap 15 on the remaining lattice side during post-processing by the processing beam.
• the oxide layers can easily be removed by peeling off.
• the machining beam 16 penetrates into the kerf 15 and is focused in such a way that both cut edges 19, 19 'are irradiated.
• the post-processing line 18 can be identical to the cutting line 14 or different therefrom.
• a coating eg zinc coating
• a coating can be applied to the cutting edge 19 on the workpiece part side and / or the cutting edge 19 'of the cutting gap 15 on the residual lattice side.
• FIG. 21 shows a second working gas jet 23 guided, for example, coaxially to the machining jet 16, based on the coating material 24 (eg zinc) transported therein.
• the coating material 24 is added to the second working gas jet 23, which, for example, preferably completely irradiates both cut edges 19, 19 ', with the result that the coating material 24 is deposited there and forms a coating (e.g. zinc coating).
• a coating e.g. zinc coating
• the workpiece-part-side cut edge 19 of the workpiece part 11 adjacent to the workpiece surface 17 is rounded by remelting.
• the post-processing line 18 is preferably laterally offset relative to the cutting line 14 (e.g. equidistantly), it being preferred if a maximum distance between the post-processing line 18 and the cutting line 14 is half the kerf width of the kerf 15 plus the radius of the beam cone of the processing beam 16 on the workpiece surface 17 amounts.
• the workpiece-part-side cutting edge 19 adjacent to the workpiece underside 20 is simultaneously rounded and the remaining lattice-side cutting edge 19 'adjacent to the workpiece upper surface 17 is smoothed.
• the post-processing line 18 can be the same as the cutting line or laterally offset relative to the cutting line 14 (e.g. equidistantly).
• the workpiece-part-side cutting edge 19 is provided with a bevel 21 adjacent to the workpiece surface 17.
• the post-processing line 18 is offset laterally (for example equidistantly) relative to the cutting line 14.
• the bevel 21 is produced, for example, by a number of steps or post-processing procedures that are carried out on the same section of the cutting gap 15.
• the workpiece part 11 is irradiated in an area containing the workpiece-part-side cutting edge 19.
• the post-processing line 18 can be the same as or laterally offset relative to the cutting line 14 (eg equidistantly) to the cutting line (in the direction of the workpiece part).
• the post-processing line 18 is offset further in the direction of the workpiece part 11 or over the workpiece part 11 in order to form the bevel 21 further away from the cutting edge 19 on the workpiece part.
• the cut edge 19 on the workpiece part side is no longer also irradiated. It would also be conceivable to first irradiate the workpiece part 11 in such a way that an area that does not contain the workpiece-part-side cutting edge 19 is irradiated, followed by a continuous adjustment of the post-processing line 18 in the direction of the cutting gap 15, with the workpiece-side cutting edge 19 being also irradiated.
• the machining beam 16 is particularly advantageously moved in a meandering manner along the cutting line 14 when the bevel 21 is produced, as a result of which the width of the bevel 21 can be increased.
• burrs are removed at the same time on the workpiece-part-side cutting edge 19 adjacent to the workpiece underside 20 and on the remaining lattice-side cutting edge 19 'adjacent to the workpiece underside 20.
• the post-processing line 18 can be identical to the cutting line 14 or different therefrom.
• the focus position of the machining beam 16 is set so that the two cutting edges 19, 19 'are irradiated accordingly.
• the various applications can be provided individually or in any combination, with two or more post-processing operations along at least one same part or section of the post-processing zone 22 or along the complete post-processing zone or along at least one same part or section of the cutting gap 15 or along the complete cutting gap 15 or along at least one same part or section of cutting line 14.
• a particularly advantageous post-processing in this variant is, for example, the generation of a bevel on the cut edge 19 'on the remaining lattice side.
• FIGS. 22 to 25 multiple reworking of a workpiece 9 is described by way of example. Accordingly, an incision gap 15 is first produced (FIG. 22). A bevel 21 is then produced on the cutting edge 19 on the workpiece part side.
• the post-processing zone 22 comprises the workpiece-part-side cutting edge 19 during the first post-processing (FIG. 23).
• the bevel 21 is then enlarged, the post-processing zone 22 no longer containing the cutting edge 19 on the workpiece part side (FIG. 24).
• adhesions 25, such as oxide, that have arisen during the previous post-processing are removed from workpiece part 11 (FIG. 25).
• the post-processing zone 22 does not have to contain the cut edges 19, 19 '.
• a post-processing zone 22 at least partially contains a previous post-processing zone 22.
• FIGS. Another multiple reworking of a workpiece 9 is described by way of example in FIGS. Accordingly, an incision gap 15 is first produced (FIG. 26). Then the workpiece 9 is coated with an anti-adhesive 26, for example an oil, in the region of the kerf 15. The coating takes place by means of a non-stick agent nozzle 27, from which the anti-stick agent 26 emerges in the form of a jet in the direction of the workpiece 9 (FIG. 27). Furthermore, a bevel 21 is produced on the workpiece-part-side cutting edge 19 (FIG. 28). Adhesion 25 (e.g. slag, melt) can advantageously be avoided by the anti-adhesive agent 26. This is shown schematically in FIG.
• Adhesion 25 e.g. slag, melt
• FIG. 30 shows a flow diagram of the process according to the invention.
• the method comprises generating at least one section of an incision gap which sever the workpiece along a cutting line which corresponds to at least a part of a contour of a workpiece part to be produced from the workpiece with the machining beam (step I). Furthermore, it comprises reworking the workpiece one or more times with the workpiece part partially cut out at least in a section of at least one reworking zone extending along the cutting line with the processing beam, the workpiece being reworked in the reworking zone in a non-joining and non-separating manner (step II).
• the invention provides a novel process for blasting a plate-shaped or tubular workpiece, by means of which a workpiece part is partially or completely cut out and the workpiece part that has not yet been cut free (ie not completely cut out) and / or the skeleton is subjected to at least one post-processing by the processing beam along the cutting line, optionally along the cutting gap.
• This makes mechanical reworking of the workpiece part that has been cut free unnecessary, so that workpiece parts can be produced more simply, quickly and at lower cost.
• the rigid, fixed position between the partially cut-out workpiece part and the remaining workpiece enables particularly precise post-processing of the partially cut workpiece part, so that high quality requirements can be met.

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• 2020
  • 2020-05-08 CN CN202080054807.7A patent/CN114173982B/zh active Active
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