EP3956483A1 - Fixtur zum abschrecken und härten eines werkstücks mit gezielt ansteuerbaren kanälen zum zuführen von abschreckmedium - Google Patents
Fixtur zum abschrecken und härten eines werkstücks mit gezielt ansteuerbaren kanälen zum zuführen von abschreckmediumInfo
- Publication number
- EP3956483A1 EP3956483A1 EP20724036.7A EP20724036A EP3956483A1 EP 3956483 A1 EP3956483 A1 EP 3956483A1 EP 20724036 A EP20724036 A EP 20724036A EP 3956483 A1 EP3956483 A1 EP 3956483A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- workpiece
- channels
- fixture
- quenching
- receptacle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
- C21D11/005—Process control or regulation for heat treatments for cooling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/32—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for gear wheels, worm wheels, or the like
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fixture and a method for quenching workpieces as part of a hardening process.
- the fixture has a receptacle and a mandrel which engages centrally in an annular workpiece.
- Generic fixtures can also have hold-downs to fix the workpiece so that it does not warp during cooling, or, if it has already warped during heating, to get it back into shape
- Gases and liquids can be used as quenching media, with liquids at least at the beginning of the quenching process due to the high temperatures on the workpiece
- a flow rate of circulating cooling medium can be set for the entire fixture within certain limits according to a required setpoint.
- At least one workpiece to be thermally treated rests, the
- Support device support positions in only one
- Hold down hold-down ends directed towards the support positions the hold-down tools each being arranged individually so as to be vertically movable and with pressure
- Support positions a free space is defined, which is completely in operation during a hardening and / or cooling process
- each hold-down end rests either on a support position or on a workpiece to be thermally treated.
- EP 2 700 725 A2 discloses a method for hardening an individual, ring-shaped workpiece and a method for this purpose
- one or more hold-down devices is or are supplied from a side facing the first end face in the direction of the support until the
- Quenchants can be added to the workpiece separately.
- At least one temperature sensor for detecting the temperature on the workpiece is arranged inside the fixture, the
- Temperature sensor is connected to a control and / or regulating device for adjusting the supply of quenching agent based on the temperature on the workpiece. The amount of
- gaseous and liquid quenching agent can be regulated globally for the entire fixture or the entire workpiece.
- the workpieces are radially loaded from the inside during quenching and axially pressed together by hold-down devices.
- the amount of quenching agent is set so high that even cooling takes place.
- the inside-out distribution of quenching agent can be adjusted to an optimal rate for each workpiece.
- An object on which the invention is based is seen in improving the controllability of the quenching process.
- Workpieces having a closable receptacle for a workpiece and a plurality of fluid-conducting channels for
- Places on the workpiece can be reduced with increased need.
- a distribution of volume flows around the workpiece can be adjusted to a uniform cooling rate. On the one hand, this can cause uneven cooling
- the receptacle can have a base, side walls, a cover and a mandrel penetrating the workpiece in the center.
- the fluid-conducting channels open into the receptacle and, if possible, are aligned in such a way that the quenching medium emerging from them is directed towards the workpiece.
- the channels are essentially round bores arranged in a circle next to one another. Liquids and gases can be used as quenching media.
- ring-shaped groups of channels are provided for an annular workpiece with a radially outer side, a radially inner inner side, an axially above upper side and an axially lower underside, a first group being arranged in the receptacle in such a way that that the channels assigned to it flow onto the outside from an axial direction from the outside, a second group is arranged so that the channels assigned to it flow the outside flat from the bottom to the top
- a third group is arranged so that the channels assigned to it flow against the underside
- a fourth group is arranged so that the channels assigned to it the
- a fifth group is arranged so that the channels assigned to it flow radially outward on the inside and a sixth group is arranged so that the channels assigned to it flow onto the top.
- the volume flow is regulated by means of valves, which are pressurized with the channels on the outlet side and at least one with a quenching medium on the inlet side
- Supply chamber are fluidly connected.
- the groups of channels can be controlled via a valve each or each channel in a group can be controlled via its own valve.
- the valves are proportional valves, which are variable depending on an input signal
- a volume flow flowing into the ducts can be continuously adjusted to precisely meet the existing requirements.
- volume flow sensors are provided in the channels, in particular close to the workpiece, which are designed to detect a volume flow directed to the channels and to generate a signal.
- temperature sensors are arranged in the fixture, in particular close to the workpiece, which are designed to detect a temperature emitted by the workpiece and to generate a signal.
- the temperature sensors can be arranged in such a way that a temperature radiated by the workpiece is arranged close to a channel that illuminates the workpiece.
- illuminating means the directional exposure to
- Quenching medium are Temperature sensors preferably in the fixture or the receptacle in such a way that a hot position detected by them on the
- Quenching medium can flow directly against the workpiece.
- empirically determined data are determined individually for each workpiece and that
- Using a monitoring system in the form of temperature sensors it is possible to immediately recognize locally higher demands for quenching medium and to increase the volume flow there accordingly so that a targeted cooling rate can be maintained.
- sound sensors are arranged in the fixture, in particular close to the workpiece.
- the sound sensors provide the control unit with additional data that provide information about the cooling behavior.
- a direct feedback in the form of sound waves from the workpiece is per se, especially in the event of (undesirable) crack formation and cracks on the workpiece surface due to excessive surface and
- the volume flow sensors are integrated into the valves.
- valves are provided with bores in an upper valve plate and a lower valve plate, which is arranged displaceably with respect to the upper valve plate to bring the lower valve plate into overlap with holes in the upper valve plate.
- valve plates can in particular be rotated relative to one another in order, with increasing rotation, to release different channels or groups of channels or to provide a fluid-conducting connection from supply chambers to the groups of channels.
- a control device is implemented with a digital model of the fixture, which is used in the
- Control device is used to anticipate a temperature distribution close to the workpiece and correction values for regulating the volume flows in the respective groups of
- Valve plates are controlled so that a desired
- a digital model of the workpiece is implemented in a control device, which in the control device anticipates a flow distribution and a resulting temperature distribution on the workpiece based on a position and a direction of the channels and outputs correction values for regulating the volume flows in the respective channels .
- Transformation, heat transfer and diffusion processes in a digital model can be a reaction of the workpiece to a
- Shifting a control setpoint of the fixture or, more precisely, computer-implemented, can be predicted and the valves or valve plates are controlled accordingly in such a way that a desired cooling rate is achieved.
- the precision of a control setpoint of the fixture or, more precisely, computer-implemented can be predicted and the valves or valve plates are controlled accordingly in such a way that a desired cooling rate is achieved.
- the fixture can be adapted for different workpieces by simply implementing a digital model corresponding to the workpiece to be quenched. The fixture or the control device then automatically takes over the ideal process control.
- Control unit for regulating a fixture can be stored in order to cool a workpiece that can be inserted into a receptacle, having: i. Means for detecting a locally increased or decreased need for a cooling rate on a workpiece placed in a receptacle of the fixture, ii. Means for creating a control setpoint for control organs for controlling a volume flow in the fixture, iii. Means for regulating the volume flows of quenching medium in each of the channels ending in the receptacle, each individually or bundled in groups, in order to influence the cooling rate on the workpiece in a targeted manner during a quenching process in accordance with the increased or decreased demand.
- Control organs can be controllable pumps or valves that distribute a pressurized quenching medium to the channels and that are designed to adjust the volume flow. This can be done by PWM-controlled switching valves and / or by
- These resources can be trained by: i. Means for detecting an actual temperature and a cooling rate by at least one, preferably several temperature sensors arranged close to the workpiece, and assignment to a currently present actual control value for control organs for controlling the volume flows, ii. Means for detecting an ideal temperature and a
- Cooling rate which ideally should be present on the workpiece in order to achieve predefined material properties, using a digital model of the workpiece or the recording of the fixture stored in a control device, iii. Means for creating the control setpoint according to point ii. of claim 13 based on a difference between the actual temperature and the ideal temperature.
- a means can have a processing, in particular control unit with microprocessors (CPU) and / or one or more programs or program modules that are data or signal-connected to a memory and / or bus system.
- the CPU can be designed to process commands that are implemented as a program stored in a memory system, to send input signals from a data bus
- a storage system can be one or more, in particular
- the program can be such that it does this described method is embodied or able to execute, so that the CPU can execute the steps of such methods and thus in particular control, in particular regulate, the fixture.
- one or more, in particular all, steps of the method can be carried out completely or partially in an automated manner, in particular by the controller or its means.
- Fig. 1 a section of a part of a fixture with a
- a receptacle which more or less positively receives a workpiece and clamps this with a central mandrel radially from the inside and axially via hold-down devices, and
- Fig. 2 a view of the fixture
- FIG. 4 a partial area of two valve plates which can be inserted into a fixture according to FIG. 1 or FIG. 2.
- Selections and assignments for example assignment of output values to input values in characteristic diagrams.
- Figure 1 shows a fixture 1 for quenching workpieces 2 with a closable receptacle 3 for the workpiece 2 and a plurality of fluid-conducting channels 4 which open into the receptacle 3 for supplying quenching medium into the receptacle 3 and thereby to the workpiece 2.
- the channels 4 are mainly directed at the workpiece 2, that is, the quenching medium emerging from the channels 4 impinges directly on surfaces on the workpiece 2.
- the receptacle 3 has a central mandrel 5 which can be guided through the annular workpiece 2.
- the workpiece 2 is a gear with two gear rings.
- Downholder 6 holds workpiece 2 in position in axial direction A.
- the fixture has six groups of channels 4. Each group of channels 4 opens directly or previously deflected in the receptacle 3.
- the channels 4 are each ring-shaped concentrically around the
- a first group Gl is arranged in the receptacle 3 in such a way that the channels 4 assigned to it flow onto an outer side 7 of the workpiece 2 from the outside against a radial direction R.
- the channels 4 flowing towards the outside 7 and shown in FIG. 1 are part of a plurality of channels 4, which are assigned to the group Gl and are arranged in a ring around the workpiece 2, the
- a second group G2 is arranged in such a way that the channels 4 assigned to it flow flatly onto the outside 7 from an underside 8 to an upper side 9. Two channels 4 of the second group G2 are visible, but the channels 4 of group G2 are visible
- a third group G3 is arranged in such a way that the channels 4 assigned to it face the underside 8
- a fourth group G4 is like that
- a fifth group G5 is like that
- a sixth group G6 is like that
- the channels 4 assigned to it flow towards the upper side 9. It also applies to the sixth group G6 that the channels assigned to it are arranged concentrically to the axial direction A around the entire circumference, but only two in Figure 1 can be seen.
- the channels 4 of the sixth group G6 are supplied with quenching medium from the mandrel 5.
- Controllable volume flows Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5 and Q6 of quenching medium pass through the groups Gl to G6 in the receptacle 3 in order to influence a cooling rate on the workpiece 2 in a targeted manner during a quenching process.
- the volume flows Q1 to Q6 can be set via valves 11, only one valve 11 being shown schematically as an example.
- the valve 11 can be regulated, in particular it is a proportional valve.
- Other designs, such as switching valves controlled via PWM (pulse width modulation), are also conceivable.
- FIG 2 two supply chambers 12 and 13 are shown, which are flooded during operation with a detergent which is under a certain pressure.
- the valves 11 are designed to establish a fluid-conducting connection between the supply chambers 12, 13 and the groups Gl to G6 of channels 4 and
- the valves 11 are therefore selected such that a volume flow Q1 to Q6 that is necessary for a desired cooling rate can be realized.
- the second supply chamber 13 is concentric within the second supply chamber 12
- the first supply chamber 12 supplies the groups Gl to G2 with quenching medium when valves 11 assigned to them are open.
- the second supply chamber 13 supplies the groups G3 to G6 with quenching medium when valves 11 assigned to them are open.
- Volume flow sensors 14 are provided, which are configured for this purpose are to detect a volume flow Ql to Q6 directed to the channels 4 and to generate an electrical analog or digital signal.
- the signal can be detected by a control device 15 and processed.
- the signal corresponding to the respective volume flow Q1 to Q6 can be passed on wirelessly and via a line (not shown).
- temperature sensors TC3, TC4, TC5, TC6 are arranged in the fixture, in particular close to the workpiece 2, and are designed to include one emitted by the workpiece 2
- the signal can be detected by the control device 15 and processed. That at the respective temperature
- the corresponding signal can be passed on wirelessly and via a line (not shown).
- a line not shown.
- they are temperature-insensitive and quick-reacting
- Temperature sensors TC3 to TC6 used.
- a first temperature sensor TC1 can be seen in FIG. 2, which is arranged in the first supply chamber 12 in order to detect how high the temperature of the quenching medium is in the first supply chamber 12.
- a seventh temperature sensor TC7 is arranged at an outlet 16 for discharging the quenching medium from the fixture 1. The quenching medium can then be processed in a manner not shown, in particular cooled if necessary.
- Temperature sensors TC1 to TC7 have been introduced.
- the fixture 1 also has sound sensors S1 with which the evaporation of the detergent can be monitored.
- a burst open The surface of the workpiece or the formation of cracks in the workpiece is generally undesirable and leads to the reject of the workpiece.
- the bursting and the formation of cracks can be detected via sound sensors S1.
- the volume at which the quenching medium evaporates can also be used to infer a surface temperature.
- the sound sensors S1 are used for this.
- pressure sensors P3 and P4 close to the workpiece 2 are also provided.
- valve 11 shown as an example is a
- Valves 11 are provided either on each channel 4 or on groups Gl to G6 of channels 4. For the sake of clarity, each individual valve is not shown in detail.
- valve plates 17 and 18 can be rotated relative to one another.
- a displacement of the valve plates 17 and 18 is also possible, but not shown, in order to achieve a further degree of freedom for opening and closing the valves.
- valves 11 and the sensors TC1 to TC7, PI to P4, Sl are signal-transmitting or signal-conducting coupled to a control device 14, which is designed to process the signals detected by the sensors and to generate actual values therefrom and in the event of a deviation from an actual value from a setpoint the To control valves 11 differently to achieve a definable controllable local volume flow.
- FIG. 1 An in one is shown in FIG. 1
- Control device 15 implemented a digital model of the fixture 21, which is used in the control device 15 in order to determine a temperature distribution close to the workpiece 2
- Output volume flows Ql to Q6 in the respective groups Gl to G6 of channels 4.
- the cooling rate through the temperature sensors TC1 to TC7, the pressures and a pressure drop at the pressure sensors P3 and P4, and / or the sound at the sound sensor S1 is assigned to a currently present control actual value for control elements (valves 11) to control the volume flows Ql to Q6. Parallel or
- the cooling rate which should ideally be present on the workpiece 2, takes place on the basis of an adjustment and a comparison of the digital model 21 with the actual fixture 1.
- a control setpoint for the volume flows Q1 to Q7 (or a setting value for the valves 11) is then generated based on a difference set between the actual temperature and an ideal temperature. Furthermore, the
- the signals obtained can be used for further detailing or clarification of the current state of the fixture 1 and the workpiece 2 located therein.
- a digital model of the workpiece 22 is implemented in a control device 15, a current temperature distribution and an upcoming temperature distribution based on the signals
- Correction values for regulating the volume flows in the respective channels 4 are output.
- Step 101 sees the detection of a spot
- Step 102 sees the creation of a control setpoint for
- Step 103 sees the regulation of the
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019003308 | 2019-05-09 | ||
| PCT/EP2020/062067 WO2020225103A1 (de) | 2019-05-09 | 2020-04-30 | Fixtur zum abschrecken und härten eines werkstücks mit gezielt ansteuerbaren kanälen zum zuführen von abschreckmedium |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3956483A1 true EP3956483A1 (de) | 2022-02-23 |
| EP3956483B1 EP3956483B1 (de) | 2025-01-15 |
| EP3956483C0 EP3956483C0 (de) | 2025-01-15 |
Family
ID=70554031
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20724036.7A Active EP3956483B1 (de) | 2019-05-09 | 2020-04-30 | Fixtur zum abschrecken und härten eines werkstücks mit gezielt ansteuerbaren kanälen zum zuführen von abschreckmedium |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3956483B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102019006202A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2020225103A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115961127B (zh) * | 2022-12-27 | 2023-07-18 | 汇工(河北)机械集团有限公司 | 一种方便取放工件的压淬机 |
| DE102024126575A1 (de) | 2024-09-16 | 2026-03-19 | Liebherr-Aerospace Lindenberg Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Druckmessung bei der Fixturhärtung |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4004295A1 (de) * | 1990-02-13 | 1991-08-14 | Karl Heess Gmbh & Co | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum haerten von werkstuecken mittels presswerkzeugen |
| JPH07268482A (ja) * | 1994-03-30 | 1995-10-17 | Mazda Motor Corp | 歯車部材の焼入れ方法及びその装置 |
| NL1006539C2 (nl) * | 1997-07-10 | 1999-01-12 | Skf Ind Trading & Dev | Werkwijze voor het uitvoeren van een warmtebehandeling op metalen ringen, en aldus verkregen lagerring. |
| DE202008000333U1 (de) * | 2008-01-09 | 2008-03-20 | Heess Gmbh & Co.Kg | Vorrichtung zum druckbeaufschlagenden Fixieren thermisch zu behandelnder Werkstücke |
| DE102012016603B3 (de) * | 2012-08-23 | 2013-12-24 | Heess Gmbh & Co. Kg | Fixtur zum Härten eines einzelnen ringförmigen Werkstücks |
| US10161682B2 (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2018-12-25 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Integrated sensor system and methods for combustion processes |
| ITUB20155180A1 (it) * | 2015-11-03 | 2017-05-03 | Presezzi Extrusion S P A | Sistema di raffreddamento per prodotto estruso all'uscita dall'estrusore |
| DE202015106820U1 (de) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-02-23 | Z & J Technologies Gmbh | Vorrichtung und System zur akustischen Temperaturmessung |
| DE102017001210B4 (de) * | 2017-02-09 | 2019-05-16 | Audi Ag | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Abschreckkühlung, sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines lösungsgeglühten Aluminiumgussbauteils |
| DE102017110273B4 (de) * | 2017-05-11 | 2019-05-09 | Ebner Industrieofenbau Gmbh | Ofensystem mit Heißluftbeheizung |
| CN108486334B (zh) * | 2018-04-23 | 2019-11-26 | 赣州群星机器人有限公司 | 一种大齿圈模压淬火装置 |
| CN208378956U (zh) * | 2018-05-09 | 2019-01-15 | 无锡宏达热处理锻造有限公司 | 水油双介质淬火水中冷却时间控制装置 |
-
2019
- 2019-09-03 DE DE102019006202.7A patent/DE102019006202A1/de active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-04-30 WO PCT/EP2020/062067 patent/WO2020225103A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2020-04-30 EP EP20724036.7A patent/EP3956483B1/de active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3956483B1 (de) | 2025-01-15 |
| EP3956483C0 (de) | 2025-01-15 |
| WO2020225103A1 (de) | 2020-11-12 |
| DE102019006202A1 (de) | 2020-11-12 |
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