EP3931288A1 - Composition lubrifiante pour prevenir ou diminuer le pre-allumage dans un moteur - Google Patents
Composition lubrifiante pour prevenir ou diminuer le pre-allumage dans un moteurInfo
- Publication number
- EP3931288A1 EP3931288A1 EP20705091.5A EP20705091A EP3931288A1 EP 3931288 A1 EP3931288 A1 EP 3931288A1 EP 20705091 A EP20705091 A EP 20705091A EP 3931288 A1 EP3931288 A1 EP 3931288A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- engine
- lubricating composition
- ignition
- formaldehyde
- additives
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/16—Ethers
- C10M129/20—Cyclic ethers having 4 or more ring atoms, e.g. furans, dioxolanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/24—Aldehydes; Ketones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M133/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M133/08—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/16—Amides; Imides
- C10M133/18—Amides; Imides of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C10M133/20—Ureas; Semicarbazides; Allophanates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/38—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M133/40—Six-membered ring containing nitrogen and carbon only
- C10M133/42—Triazines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M145/18—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M145/20—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/06—Mixtures of thickeners and additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
- C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
- C10M2207/044—Cyclic ethers having four or more ring atoms, e.g. furans, dioxolanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/08—Aldehydes; Ketones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/08—Amides [having hydrocarbon substituents containing less than thirty carbon atoms]
- C10M2215/0813—Amides [having hydrocarbon substituents containing less than thirty carbon atoms] used as thickening agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/10—Amides of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C10M2215/102—Ureas; Semicarbazides; Allophanates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M2215/221—Six-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
- C10M2215/222—Triazines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
- C10M2215/224—Imidazoles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/76—Reduction of noise, shudder, or vibrations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/252—Diesel engines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of lubricants, in particular usable in vehicle engines, in particular lubricating compositions making it possible to prevent or reduce pre-ignition in an engine.
- normal combustion in a spark-ignition engine occurs when a mixture of fuel, especially fuel and air is ignited in the combustion chamber inside the cylinder by the production of a spark from a spark plug.
- Such normal combustion is generally characterized by the expansion of the flame front through the combustion chamber in an orderly and controlled manner.
- the air / fuel mixture can be prematurely ignited by an ignition source before ignition by the spark from the spark plug, leading to a phenomenon known as pre-ignition.
- pre-ignition it is preferable to reduce, or even eliminate, the pre-ignition because this generally results in the presence of a strong increase in temperature and pressure in the combustion chamber, and thus have a significant negative impact on the combustion chamber. efficiency and overall performance of an engine. Additionally, pre-ignition can cause significant damage to the cylinders, pistons, spark plugs and valves in the engine and in some cases can even result in engine failure or even engine breakage.
- LSPI Low Speed Pre-Ignition in English or "LSPI”
- Documents WO 2017/021521 and WO 2017/021523 also propose, in order to prevent or reduce pre-ignition in a vehicle engine, to add to a lubricating composition, a polyalkylene glycol or even an organomolybdenum compound chosen from molybdenum dithiophosphates and sulfur-free molybdenum complexes.
- the present invention aims to provide a novel lubricating composition, making it possible to prevent or reduce pre-ignition in an engine, preferably in an engine of a vehicle, in particular of a motor vehicle.
- the invention relates to a lubricating composition intended for an engine, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising at least one base oil and at least one compound capable of releasing, under temperature and temperature conditions. engine combustion chamber pressure, formaldehyde (CH2O).
- said compound (s) capable of releasing formaldehyde are present in the lubricating composition in a content ranging from 0.2 to 5% by weight, relative to the total weight of said composition.
- a lubricating composition for an engine of a compound capable of releasing formaldehyde at the level of the combustion chamber of the engine, to the The image in particular of trioxane, allows the lubricating composition, once implemented in an engine, to prevent and reduce the phenomenon of pre-ignition.
- the performance in terms of LSPI reduction can be more particularly evaluated by counting the number of LSPI events according to the protocol detailed in the examples.
- the invention also relates, according to another of its aspects, the use, in a lubricating composition intended for an engine, preferably a vehicle engine, in particular of a motor vehicle, of a compound capable of releasing, under the conditions of temperature and pressure of the engine's combustion chamber, formaldehyde, as additive to prevent and / or decrease pre-ignition, in particular low-speed pre-ignition (LSPI).
- a lubricating composition intended for an engine preferably a vehicle engine, in particular of a motor vehicle
- a compound capable of releasing, under the conditions of temperature and pressure of the engine's combustion chamber, formaldehyde as additive to prevent and / or decrease pre-ignition, in particular low-speed pre-ignition (LSPI).
- LSPI low-speed pre-ignition
- such a compound can be 1,3,5-trioxane.
- the term “motor vehicle” is understood to denote a vehicle comprising at least one wheel, preferably at least two wheels, propelled by an engine, in particular a combustion engine, in particular a piston internal combustion engine. reciprocating or rotary, and more particularly a diesel or spark ignition engine.
- engines can for example be four-stroke or two-stroke gasoline engines.
- a lubricating composition according to the invention exhibits both good stability and good properties for preventing and / or reducing pre-ignition when used in an engine.
- a lubricating composition according to the invention has good properties for preventing and / or reducing pre-ignition, once used in an engine, without needing to implement one or more other technical solutions, such as described above, proposed until now for preventing or reducing pre-ignition, such as in particular a reduction in the calcium content or the use of aromatic compounds.
- the formulation of a lubricating composition according to the invention is easy to implement.
- the subject of the invention is also a method for preventing and / or reducing pre-ignition, in particular at low speed, in an engine, preferably in a vehicle engine, in particular of a motor vehicle, comprising at least one step of bringing a mechanical part of the engine into contact with a lubricating composition according to the invention as defined above.
- a lubricating composition used according to the invention comprises at least one compound capable of releasing, under the temperature and pressure conditions of the combustion chamber of the engine, formaldehyde (CH2O).
- a person skilled in the art is able to choose a formaldehyde precursor compound according to the invention, making it possible to generate formaldehyde under the conditions of the combustion chamber of the engine, in which the lubricating composition is intended to be used.
- the temperature in the combustion chamber of an engine can be greater than or equal to 200 ° C, in particular between 250 ° C and
- the pressure within the combustion chamber can vary from 5.10 4 Pa to 40.10 5 Pa, in particular from 4.10 5 Pa to 35.10 5 Pa.
- a formaldehyde precursor compound according to the invention may thus be more particularly capable of generating / releasing, by thermal decomposition, formaldehyde in temperature conditions greater than or equal to 200 ° C and pressure greater than or equal to 4.10 5 Pa.
- N-methylol compounds such as dimethylol urea, trimethylol urea, dimethylol guanidine, trimethylol melamine, hexamethylol melamine or even 1, 3, 5,5-tetramethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione; guanidine acetate; sodium bisulfite formaldehyde; methenamine (or hexamethylenetetramine); polymerized forms of formaldehyde, such as paraformaldehyde; trioxanes, in particular 1,3,5-trioxane, 1,2,4-trioxane and trioxane derivatives.
- the formaldehyde precursor compounds can be chosen from N-methylol compounds, such as dimethylol urea, trimethylol urea, dimethylol guanidine, trimethylol melamine, hexamethylol melamine or even 1, 3,5,5 - tetramethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione; sodium bisulfite formaldehyde; methenamine; polymerized forms of formaldehyde, such as paraformaldehyde; trioxanes, in particular 1,3,5-trioxane and trioxane derivatives.
- N-methylol compounds such as dimethylol urea, trimethylol urea, dimethylol guanidine, trimethylol melamine, hexamethylol melamine or even 1, 3,5,5 - tetramethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione
- sodium bisulfite formaldehyde methenamine
- the formaldehyde precursor compound required according to the invention is chosen from methenamine, paraformaldehyde and trioxanes, in particular 1,3,5-trioxane.
- the formaldehyde precursor compound according to the invention is a trioxane, in particular 1,3,5-trioxane.
- the formaldehyde precursor compounds required according to the invention can be commercially available, or else prepared according to synthetic methods known to those skilled in the art, in particular from formaldehyde.
- trioxane can be produced by trimerization of formaldehyde using acid catalysts.
- a formaldehyde precursor can be in the form of a mixture of different formaldehyde precursors, in particular as defined above.
- the formaldehyde precursor compound (s) according to the invention can be used as an additive in a lubricating composition for an engine, at in an amount of 0.2 to 5% by mass, preferably from 0.5 to 2.5% by mass and in particular about 1% by mass, relative to the total mass of said lubricating composition.
- Said formaldehyde precursor compound (s) according to the invention are used as additives in a lubricating composition for an engine, in particular for a vehicle engine, in particular a motor vehicle.
- An engine lubricant composition according to the invention comprises at least one base oil.
- base oils can be chosen from the base oils conventionally used in the field of lubricating engine oils, such as mineral, synthetic or natural, animal or vegetable oils.
- It can be a mixture of several base oils, for example a mixture of two, three or four base oils.
- the base oils of the lubricating compositions considered according to the invention can in particular be oils of mineral or synthetic origins belonging to groups I to V according to the classes defined in the API classification (or their equivalents according to the ATIEL classification) and presented in Table 1 below.
- API classification is defined in American Petroleum Institute 1509 "Engine oil Licensing and Certification System” 17th edition, September 2012.
- the ATIEL classification is defined in "The ATIEL Code of Practice", issue 18, November 2012.
- oils of different bases to produce a lubricating composition used according to the invention, except that they must have properties, in particular of viscosity, of viscosity, sulfur content, oxidation resistance, suitable for use in engines, especially vehicle engines.
- Mineral base oils include all types of bases obtained by atmospheric and vacuum distillation of crude oil, followed by refining operations such as solvent extraction, deasphalting, solvent dewaxing, hydrotreatment, hydrocracking and hydroisomerization, hydrofinishing.
- the synthetic base oils can be chosen from esters, silicones, glycols, polybutene, polyalphaolefins (PAO), alkylbenzene or alkylnaphthalene.
- the polyalphaolefins used as base oils are for example obtained from monomers comprising from 4 to 32 carbon atoms, for example from octene or decene, and whose viscosity at 100 ° C is between 1.5 and 15 mm2.sl according to ASTM D445. Their average molecular mass is generally between 250 and 3000 according to the ASTM D5296 standard.
- the base oils can also be oils of natural origin, for example esters of alcohols and carboxylic acids, obtainable from natural resources such as sunflower, rapeseed, palm, soybeans etc.
- the base oil can be more particularly chosen from synthetic oils, mineral oils and mixtures thereof.
- a lubricating composition used according to the present invention comprises at least one base oil chosen from group III oils, group IV oils and their mixtures.
- a lubricating composition according to the invention can comprise at least one group III base oil.
- a lubricating composition used according to the invention can comprise at least 50% by mass of base oil (s) relative to the total mass of the composition.
- a lubricating composition used according to the invention comprises at least 60% by weight, or even at least 70% by weight, of base oil (s) relative to the total weight of the composition. More particularly advantageously, a lubricating composition used according to the invention comprises from 60 to 99.5% by mass of base oil (s), preferably from 70 to 95% by mass of base oil (s) , relative to the total mass of the composition.
- the additives which can be incorporated into a composition according to the invention can be chosen from antioxidants, detergents, viscosity index improvers, friction modifiers, anti-wear additives, extreme pressure additives, dispersants. , pour point improvers, defoamers, thickeners and mixtures thereof.
- a lubricating composition used according to the invention comprises at least one additive chosen from antiwear additives, anti-oxidant additives, additives improving the viscosity index, detergents, dispersants and mixtures thereof.
- a lubricating composition according to the invention comprises an anti-wear additive and / or an anti-oxidant additive, preferably in a total amount ranging from 0.5 to 8% by mass, relative to the mass total of the lubricating composition.
- additives can be introduced singly and / or in the form of a mixture, generally called an “additive pack”, like those already available for sale for commercial lubricant formulations for vehicle engines, level. performance as defined by the ACEA (Association of European Automobile Manufacturers) and / or API (American Petroleum Institute), well known to those skilled in the art.
- ACEA Association of European Automobile Manufacturers
- API American Petroleum Institute
- a lubricating composition according to the invention can also comprise at least one antioxidant additive.
- the antioxidant additive generally makes it possible to delay the degradation of the composition in service. This degradation can be reflected in particular by the formation of deposits, by the presence of sludge or by an increase in the viscosity of the composition.
- Antioxidant additives act in particular as radical inhibitors or destroyers of hydroperoxides.
- antioxidant additives there may be mentioned antioxidant additives of phenolic type, antioxidant additives of amine type, phosphosulfurized antioxidant additives. Some of these antioxidant additives, for example phosphosulfurized antioxidant additives, can generate ash.
- the phenolic antioxidant additives can be free of ash or be in the form of neutral or basic metal salts.
- the antioxidant additives can in particular be chosen from sterically hindered phenols, sterically hindered phenol esters and sterically hindered phenols comprising a thioether bridge, diphenylamines, diphenylamines substituted with at least one C1-C12 alkyl group, N, N '-dialkyl-aryl-diamines and mixtures thereof.
- the sterically hindered phenols are chosen from compounds comprising a phenol group of which at least one carbon vicinal of the carbon carrying the alcohol function is substituted by at least one C 1 -Cio alkyl group, preferably an alkyl group.
- C I -C O preferably a C4 alkyl group, preferably tert-butyl group.
- Amino compounds are another class of antioxidant additives that can be used, possibly in combination with phenolic antioxidant additives.
- amino compounds are aromatic amines, for example aromatic amines of formula NR 4 R 5 R 6 in which R 4 represents an aliphatic group or an aromatic group, optionally substituted, R 5 represents an aromatic group, optionally substituted, R 6 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group or a group of formula R 7 S (0) z R 8 in which R 7 represents an alkylene group or an alkenylene group, R 8 represents an alkyl group, a alkenyl group or an aryl group and z represents 0, 1 or 2 Sulfurized alkyl phenols or their alkali and alkaline earth metal salts can also be used as antioxidant additives.
- aromatic amines for example aromatic amines of formula NR 4 R 5 R 6 in which R 4 represents an aliphatic group or an aromatic group, optionally substituted, R 5 represents an aromatic group, optionally substituted, R 6 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group or a group of formula R 7 S
- antioxidant additives are that of copper compounds, for example copper thio- or dithio-phosphates, copper salts and carboxylic acids, dithiocarbamates, sulfonates, phenates, copper acetylacetonates. Copper I and II salts, salts of succinic acid or anhydride can also be used.
- a lubricating composition according to the invention can contain all types of antioxidant additives known to those skilled in the art.
- a lubricating composition according to the invention comprises at least one antioxidant additive chosen from diphenylamine, phenols, phenol esters and mixtures thereof.
- a lubricating composition according to the invention can comprise from 0.05% to 2% by mass, preferably from 0.5% to 1% by mass, of at least one antioxidant additive, relative to the total mass of the composition.
- composition according to the invention may further comprise at least one detergent additive.
- Detergent additives generally reduce the formation of deposits on the surface of metal parts by dissolving by-products of oxidation and combustion.
- the detergent additives which can be used in a composition used according to the invention are generally known to those skilled in the art.
- the detergent additives can be anionic compounds comprising a long lipophilic hydrocarbon chain and a hydrophilic head.
- the associated cation can be a metal cation of an alkali or alkaline earth metal.
- the detergent additives are preferably chosen from alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts of carboxylic acids, sulphonates, salicylates, naphthenates, as well as salts of phenates.
- the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals are preferably calcium, magnesium, sodium or barium.
- metal salts generally include the metal in a stoichiometric amount or else in excess, therefore in an amount greater than the narrow stoichiometric amount.
- overbased detergent additives the excess metal bringing the overbased character to the additive detergent is then generally in the form of a metal salt insoluble in oil, for example a carbonate, a hydroxide, an oxalate, an acetate, a glutamate, preferably a carbonate.
- a lubricating composition according to the invention can contain all types of detergent additives known to those skilled in the art.
- a lubricating composition according to the invention comprises at least one detergent additive chosen from alkaline earth metal salts, preferably from calcium salts, magnesium salts and mixtures thereof.
- the detergent additive can be added to the composition so as to provide a metal element content ranging from 150 ppm to 2000 ppm, preferably from 250 ppm to 1500 ppm.
- a lubricating composition according to the present invention may further comprise an additive improving the viscosity index.
- additives improving the viscosity index mention may be made of polymer esters, homopolymers or copolymers, hydrogenated or non-hydrogenated, of styrene, butadiene and isoprene, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates (PMA) or else olefin copolymers, in particular ethylene / propylene copolymers.
- a lubricating composition according to the invention comprises at least one additive improving the viscosity index chosen from homopolymers or copolymers, hydrogenated or non-hydrogenated, of styrene, butadiene and isoprene.
- styrene styrene / hydrogenated isoprene copolymer.
- a lubricating composition according to the invention may for example comprise from 2% to 15% by mass of additive improving the viscosity index, relative to the total mass of the composition.
- Antiwear additives and extreme pressure additives protect rubbing surfaces by forming a protective film adsorbed on these surfaces.
- the anti-wear additives are chosen from phosphosulfur additives such as metal alkylthiophosphates, in particular zinc alkylthiophosphates, and more specifically zinc dialkyldithiophosphates or ZnDTP.
- phosphosulfur additives such as metal alkylthiophosphates, in particular zinc alkylthiophosphates, and more specifically zinc dialkyldithiophosphates or ZnDTP.
- the preferred compounds are of formula Zn ((SP (S) (OR 2 ) (OR 3 )) 2, in which R 2 and R 3 , identical or different, independently represent an alkyl group, preferably an alkyl group comprising from 1 to 18 carbon atoms.
- Amine phosphates are also antiwear additives which can be used in a composition according to the invention.
- the phosphorus provided by these additives can act as a poison in the catalytic systems of automobiles because these additives generate ash.
- additives which do not provide phosphorus such as, for example, polysulfides, in particular sulfur-containing olefins.
- a lubricating composition according to the invention can comprise from 0.01 to 6% by weight, preferably from 0.05 to 4% by weight, more preferably from 0.1 to 2% by weight, of anti-wear additives and extreme additives. -pressure, relative to the total mass of the composition.
- a lubricating composition according to the invention is preferably free from antiwear additives and extreme pressure additives.
- a lubricating composition according to the invention can be free from phosphate additives.
- a lubricating composition according to the invention can comprise at least one friction modifier additive.
- the friction modifier additive can be chosen from a compound providing metallic elements and an ash-free compound.
- the compounds providing metallic elements mention may be made of transition metal complexes such as Mo, Sb, Sn, Fe, Cu, Zn, the ligands of which may be hydrocarbon compounds comprising oxygen, nitrogen or carbon atoms. sulfur or phosphorus. Mention may be made, for example, of friction modifiers of the molybdenum dithiocarbamate type.
- the ash-free friction modifying additives are generally of organic origin and can be chosen from fatty acid and polyol monoesters, alkoxylated amines, alkoxylated fatty amines, fatty epoxides, borate fatty epoxides; fatty amines or fatty acid glycerol esters.
- the fatty compounds comprise at least one hydrocarbon group comprising from 10 to 24 carbon atoms.
- a lubricating composition according to the invention can comprise from 0.01 to 2% by weight or from 0.01 to 5% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 1.5% by weight or from 0.1 to 2%. mass of friction modifier additive, relative to the total mass of the composition.
- a lubricating composition according to the invention can also comprise at least one pour point depressant additive.
- pour point depressant additives By slowing the formation of paraffin crystals, pour point depressant additives generally improve the cold behavior of the composition.
- pour point depressant additives there may be mentioned polymethacrylates, polyacrylates, polyarylamides, polyalkylphenols, polyalkylnaphthalenes, alkylated polystyrenes.
- a lubricating composition according to the invention can comprise at least one dispersing agent.
- the dispersing agent can be chosen from Mannich bases, succinimides and their derivatives.
- a lubricating composition according to the invention may for example comprise from 0.2 to 10% by weight of dispersing agent, relative to the total weight of the composition.
- the additives detailed above are introduced into a lubricating composition used according to the invention in the form of a mixture, or packet of additives.
- the additive packet may be present in a composition used according to the invention in a content ranging from 1% to 30% by weight, in particular from 1 to 20% by weight, relative to the weight total of the composition, preferably ranging from 5% to 15% by weight.
- a lubricating composition comprises, relative to the total mass of the lubricating composition:
- base oil preferably from 70% to
- formaldehyde precursor compound (s) such as 1,3,5-trioxane
- additive chosen from antiwear agents, antioxidants, detergents, dispersants, viscosity index improvers and mixtures thereof, preferably from antiwear agents, antioxidants, detergents, dispersants, additives improving the viscosity index and mixtures thereof.
- a lubricating composition according to the invention can be in different forms. It can in particular be an anhydrous composition. Preferably, the lubricating composition according to the invention is not an emulsion.
- a lubricating composition according to the invention is intended to be used in an engine, in particular in a vehicle engine.
- a lubricating composition according to the invention makes it possible to prevent and / or reduce the phenomena of pre-ignition, in particular at low speed, in an engine.
- engine according to the invention is meant more particularly the engines of vehicles, such as gasoline engines, gas engines, gasoline engines and gasoline engines, gasoline engines and diesel.
- gasoline engines including gasoline engines, gas engines and diesel engines, but also gasoline and gasoline engines (dual fuel gas / gasoline engines), as well as gas engines and diesel (dual fuel gas / diesel engines);
- engine also encompasses 4-stroke engines, and more specifically 4-stroke marine engines, preferably 4-stroke marine engines operating on gas.
- the lubricating composition is used to prevent and / or reduce pre-ignition in a vehicle engine, preferably a motor vehicle.
- pre-ignition we include the phenomenon of low frequency vibration producing a humming sound effect (or "rumble" in English).
- pre-ignition denotes low-speed pre-ignition (LSPI).
- Example 1 Preparation of lubricating compositions
- the reference composition AO not containing any formaldehyde precursor compound, and the composition according to the invention A1, comprising a formaldehyde precursor compound required according to the invention, were prepared by mixing the various components in the amounts shown in the table 2 below.
- Example 2 Evaluation of the pre-ignition reduction properties of lubricating compositions
- the evaluation of the pre-ignition reducing properties of the lubricant compositions is performed by evaluating the impact of each lubricant composition on the low speed pre-ignition (LSPI).
- the LSPI phenomenon is quantified using a GM Ecotech model spark-ignition turbocharged engine composed of 4 cylinders in line for a total displacement of 2.0 L.
- test procedure After a 20-minute warm-up period at an engine speed of 2000 rpm and an engine load of 4.10 5 Pascal mean effective pressure (PME), the test procedure consists of 24 sequences under heavy load (18.10 5 Pascal of PME at a speed of 2,000 rpm) called “segments”. Each segment has 25,000 engine cycles to ensure good statistical representativeness of the phenomenon studied.
- Each cylinder is equipped with a sensor for measuring the pressure in the combustion chamber during engine operation.
- a high frequency recorder records the pressure signal allowing a fine analysis of the combustion. Combustion is considered an LSPI event if one of the following 2 criteria is met:
- the maximum pressure of a cycle is greater than the average of the maximum pressures over the entire sequence considered + 4.7 times the maximum pressure standard deviation measured over the sequence;
- crankshaft angle at which 2% of the mass of the fuel mixture burned over a given cycle is less than the average of the crankshaft angles at which 2% of the mass of the fuel mixture burned over the entire sequence considered, added by 4.7 times the standard deviation on the crankshaft angle at which 2% of the mass of the fuel mixture burned throughout the sequence.
- the sum of the LSPI events is counted over the period of a segment, then the average of the LSPI events over all 24 segments is calculated. From this average, an LSPI index is calculated by applying the square root of the sum of the average of the LSPI events plus 0.5. The impact of the lubricating composition on the LSPI parameter is evaluated by comparing the LSPI index associated with this composition and by taking into account the standard deviation calculated on the 24 engine segments.
- the number of LSPI phenomena was counted according to the method defined above, for each of the AO reference compositions and according to the invention A1.
- the lubricating composition A1 according to the invention comprising a compound capable of releasing formaldehyde in the combustion chamber, exhibits improved LSPI reduction properties compared to a reference lubricating composition AO, not comprising such formaldehyde precursor compound.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1901886A FR3093110B1 (fr) | 2019-02-25 | 2019-02-25 | Composition lubrifiante pour prévenir ou diminuer le pré-allumage dans un moteur |
| PCT/EP2020/054603 WO2020173824A1 (fr) | 2019-02-25 | 2020-02-21 | Composition lubrifiante pour prevenir ou diminuer le pre-allumage dans un moteur |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3931288A1 true EP3931288A1 (fr) | 2022-01-05 |
| EP3931288B1 EP3931288B1 (fr) | 2023-12-20 |
Family
ID=67185341
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20705091.5A Active EP3931288B1 (fr) | 2019-02-25 | 2020-02-21 | Composition lubrifiante pour prevenir ou diminuer le pre-allumage dans un moteur |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US11535806B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP3931288B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2022521608A (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR20210139245A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN113474441A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3093110B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2020173824A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3151041B1 (fr) * | 2023-07-11 | 2025-07-18 | Totalenergies Onetech | Procédé de réduction des émissions d’un moteur à combustion interne comprenant l’injection d’une composition aqueuse comprenant au moins un composé apte à libérer du formaldéhyde |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2812320A (en) * | 1956-01-04 | 1957-11-05 | Sinclair Refining Co | Method and composition for counteracting sulfurous odors in a phosphorus sulfide-hydrocarbon reaction product |
| US3254027A (en) * | 1962-04-05 | 1966-05-31 | Sinclair Research Inc | Lubricating oil compositions |
| US3294750A (en) * | 1963-02-25 | 1966-12-27 | Continental Oil Co | Catalytic polymerization of trioxane |
| DE2147994A1 (de) * | 1970-09-29 | 1972-03-30 | Gino Bologna Maccaferri (Italien) | Zusatzmittel zur Verbrennungsluft von Verbrennungsmotoren |
| JPS61235498A (ja) * | 1981-01-26 | 1986-10-20 | エチル・ペトロレウム・アデイテイブス・インコーポレーテッド | 燃料および潤滑油用添加剤 |
| US4788948A (en) * | 1987-11-05 | 1988-12-06 | Hoechst Celanese Corporation | Method of warming cold engines in cold climates |
| EP1884555A2 (fr) * | 2006-08-01 | 2008-02-06 | Symrise GmbH & Co. KG | Masquage d'odeurs d'huiles minérales et embaumement d'huiles minérales |
| DE102009033161A1 (de) * | 2009-07-13 | 2011-01-27 | Schülke & Mayr GmbH | Additivgemsich für die bakterizide und Korrosionsschutzausrüstung von Treib- und Brennstoffen |
| CN103102999A (zh) * | 2011-11-12 | 2013-05-15 | 沈阳创达技术交易市场有限公司 | 一种节能环保汽油添加剂 |
| WO2015023559A1 (fr) | 2013-08-12 | 2015-02-19 | Shell Oil Company | Procédés pour modifier les propriétés d'auto-allumage d'une composition d'huile de base ou de lubrifiant |
| US20150322369A1 (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2015-11-12 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Method for preventing or reducing low speed pre-ignition |
| JP6574478B2 (ja) * | 2014-08-28 | 2019-09-11 | ザ ルブリゾル コーポレイションThe Lubrizol Corporation | シール適合性を有する潤滑組成物 |
| FR3039834B1 (fr) | 2015-08-06 | 2018-08-31 | Total Marketing Services | Compositions lubrifiantes pour prevenir ou diminuer le pre-allumage dans un moteur |
| FR3039836B1 (fr) | 2015-08-06 | 2017-09-15 | Total Marketing Services | Compositions lubrifiantes pour prevenir ou diminuer le pre-allumage dans un moteur |
| CN105419909A (zh) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-03-23 | 凌翼 | 一种缓释型机油添加剂及其制备方法 |
-
2019
- 2019-02-25 FR FR1901886A patent/FR3093110B1/fr active Active
-
2020
- 2020-02-21 CN CN202080016518.8A patent/CN113474441A/zh active Pending
- 2020-02-21 US US17/433,350 patent/US11535806B2/en active Active
- 2020-02-21 KR KR1020217028465A patent/KR20210139245A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2020-02-21 WO PCT/EP2020/054603 patent/WO2020173824A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2020-02-21 JP JP2021549675A patent/JP2022521608A/ja not_active Ceased
- 2020-02-21 EP EP20705091.5A patent/EP3931288B1/fr active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20210139245A (ko) | 2021-11-22 |
| WO2020173824A1 (fr) | 2020-09-03 |
| FR3093110B1 (fr) | 2021-05-21 |
| US11535806B2 (en) | 2022-12-27 |
| JP2022521608A (ja) | 2022-04-11 |
| CN113474441A (zh) | 2021-10-01 |
| EP3931288B1 (fr) | 2023-12-20 |
| FR3093110A1 (fr) | 2020-08-28 |
| US20220049177A1 (en) | 2022-02-17 |
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