EP3917696B1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen eines stabförmigen elementes - Google Patents

Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen eines stabförmigen elementes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3917696B1
EP3917696B1 EP20704789.5A EP20704789A EP3917696B1 EP 3917696 B1 EP3917696 B1 EP 3917696B1 EP 20704789 A EP20704789 A EP 20704789A EP 3917696 B1 EP3917696 B1 EP 3917696B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pipe
strand
cold
strip
forming
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20704789.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3917696A1 (de
EP3917696C0 (de
Inventor
Tomas FROBÖSE
Christofer HEDVALL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alleima GmbH
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Alleima GmbH
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Publication of EP3917696C0 publication Critical patent/EP3917696C0/de
Publication of EP3917696B1 publication Critical patent/EP3917696B1/de
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/04Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
    • B21C37/045Manufacture of wire or bars with particular section or properties
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C1/00Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
    • B21C1/16Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes
    • B21C1/22Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes specially adapted for making tubular articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/08Making tubes with welded or soldered seams
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B21/00Pilgrim-step tube-rolling, i.e. pilger mills

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a method and a device for producing a rod-shaped element and such a rod-shaped element.
  • JP 2003-290814 A discloses a cold-formed tube containing a plurality of yarns, the yarns being made of metal (stainless steel).
  • Rod-shaped elements produced in this way are used, for example, to realize, reinforce and reinforce buildings.
  • the diameter of the respective rod-shaped element is adapted to the tensile load to be absorbed.
  • an increase in the diameter is accompanied by an increase in the weight of the rod-shaped element.
  • the idea on which this method is based is to provide a structure, i.e. a rod-shaped element, with high tensile strength by introducing the at least one strand into a tube made of metal.
  • the at least one strand forms the core of the rod-shaped element, with the tube extending around the core like a jacket.
  • the weight of the rod-shaped element is reduced compared to a solid rod-shaped element made of metal with the same outer diameter, with comparable tensile strength.
  • the tube forming the jacket of the arrangement also offers the advantage that it protects the internal core, i.e. the at least one strand, from environmental influences, for example from abrasion caused by concrete surrounding the rod-shaped element in the installed state. Such environmental influences could otherwise lead to destruction or impairment of the strand.
  • the elongation of the tube is greater than the elongation of the at least one strand, while at the same time the tensile strength of the at least one strand is greater than the tensile strength of the tube.
  • the at least one strand is inserted axially into the opening of the pipe provided.
  • the step of introducing the strand elsewhere is described in detail below.
  • the introduction of the at least one strand also has the advantage that, in one embodiment, the carbon fibers introduced increase the weight Tensile strengths can be achieved compared to a solid rod-shaped element made of metal or a pipe made of metal with the same outside diameter.
  • the at least one strand an advantage can be achieved compared to a comparable pipe made of metal without a core.
  • the cold forming of the tube with the at least one strand arranged therein also has a positive effect on the overall tensile strength of the rod-shaped element.
  • Cold forming processes are used, for example, to transform a hollow metallic base body into a finished tube. Through cold forming, the inside and outside diameter of a pipe can be changed and dimensioned very precisely. Cold forming is also suitable for improving the surface properties of the pipe.
  • cold forming is accompanied by work hardening, which means that the properties of the pipes produced in this way can be specifically changed.
  • work hardening it is possible to increase the material strength and thus also the tensile strength of the formed pipe.
  • Cold forming in the sense of the present disclosure is understood to mean forming at a temperature that is lower than the recrystallization temperature of the metal.
  • the cold forming of the tube with the strand extending therein provides a tight positive fit between the tube and the at least one strand extending therein in the radial direction, so that the at least one strand cannot move in the radial direction relative to the tube .
  • the cold forming provides a frictional connection between the tube and the at least one strand extending therein, so that the frictional force between the tube and the at least one strand prevents a relative movement between the tube and the at least one strand in the axial direction.
  • the non-positive connection thus produces a rod-shaped element whose tensile strength in one embodiment is greater than the tensile strength of a solid rod-shaped element made of metal or a pipe made of metal with the same outside diameter.
  • the forming tool for cold forming and the tube are therefore designed and arranged such that after cold forming, the tube and the at least one strand are non-positively connected to one another.
  • the tube and the at least one strand are non-positively connected to one another over the entire extent of the strand in the longitudinal direction of the tube.
  • the pipe can be deformed with the forming tool, depending on how it is set, in such a way that the pipe is pressed onto the at least one strand.
  • the force-fitting connection is created.
  • the non-positive connection of the at least one strand to the pipe ensures that the at least one strand can no longer move in the axial direction relative to the pipe after cold forming. In the radial direction there is then an isotropic positive fit of the at least one strand.
  • Rubbing a plurality of yarns with carbon fibers against one another or a plurality of carbon fibers against one another can result in at least individual carbon fibers being weakened or destroyed. This permanently changes the properties of the strand formed from the yarns, e.g. its tensile strength is reduced.
  • the cold forming causes a frictional connection between the tube and the at least one strand, friction or influence between the individual yarns and/or between individual carbon fibers with one another is therefore reduced.
  • cold forming can ensure that the yarns and/or, in an embodiment with several strands, the individual strands no longer move against each other or only to a lesser extent. This means that the yarns or strands within the tube are protected by cold forming.
  • the step of cold forming is carried out by cold rolling or cold pilger rolling of the tube with the at least one strand extending therein in the longitudinal direction in a cold vocational rolling mill. It goes without saying that in this embodiment the forming tool is formed by rollers or rollers.
  • Cold pilger rolling is a common forming process used to adjust the inside and outside diameters of a pipe.
  • the pipe is gripped by two calibrated rollers or rollers, which define the outside diameter of the tube, and rolled out so that the rollers or rollers reduce the outside diameter of the incoming tube to the outside diameter of the rod-shaped element.
  • the cold forming is carried out by cold drawing the tube together with the at least one strand extending therein in the longitudinal direction through a drawing die.
  • the forming tool is formed by the drawing die.
  • cold drawing pipes When cold drawing pipes, a basic distinction is made between processes without an internal tool, the so-called hollow drawing, and processes with an internal tool, i.e. in particular core drawing and bar drawing.
  • the cold forming is carried out in one embodiment of the method according to the present disclosure by cold drawing, this basically takes place without an internal tool inside the tube.
  • the drawing process of the pipe with the at least one strand extending therein together through the drawing die can be understood in one embodiment as pulling the pipe onto the at least one strand.
  • the at least one strand is understood as an internal tool.
  • the cold forming is carried out by cold drawing the tube together with the at least one strand in the longitudinal direction through a drawing die.
  • the drawing die forms the forming tool in the sense of the present application.
  • an inner diameter of the drawing die and an outer diameter of the pipe are selected before cold drawing so that after cold drawing the pipe and the at least one strand are non-positively connected.
  • the tube and the at least one strand are non-positively connected over the entire extent of the strand in the longitudinal direction of the tube.
  • Carbon fibers in the sense of the present disclosure are also referred to as carbon fibers or carbon fibers. They are manufactured industrially and converted into graphite-like carbon through chemical reactions adapted to the raw material. Carbon fibers have high strength and stiffness combined with low elongation at break in the axial direction.
  • a number of carbon fibers are combined into a yarn for further processing.
  • Such yarns with carbon fibers are also referred to as multifilament yarns or rovings.
  • the term yarn is understood to mean a long, thin structure.
  • a yarn in the sense of the present disclosure can also have fibers made of one or more other materials in addition to the carbon fibers.
  • the yarn serves as an intermediate product for producing a strand in the sense of the present disclosure.
  • the at least one strand is selected from a rope, a woven fabric, a braid, a knitted fabric, a bundle, and a multiaxial scrim, or any combination thereof.
  • the at least one strand which has a plurality of yarns, also contains one or more yarns made of or with one or more materials other than carbon fibers.
  • the strand additionally has a yarn with fibers made of a material with at least one property that is different from the properties of the carbon fibers.
  • Such an additional property can have a positive effect on the characteristics of the rod-shaped element.
  • a hybrid strand with at least one additional yarn with aramid fibers and / or glass fibers can be introduced, for example to increase the linear yield strength of the rod-shaped element produced in this way.
  • the at least one strand has a proportion of at least 50% carbon fibers.
  • the at least one strand has a content of at least 90% carbon fibers.
  • the at least one strand consists entirely of carbon fibers.
  • the rod-shaped element is cut to a desired length.
  • a longitudinally welded pipe is used as a jacket for the at least one strand.
  • the at least one strand is introduced into the pipe or applied to the strip of sheet metal that will form the pipe before the pipe is welded shut, i.e. before the pipe is actually completed.
  • This embodiment therefore enables the at least one strand to be easily inserted into the pipe. Unlike a seamless pipe, it is not necessary to insert at least one strand axially into the pipe.
  • the strip is pre-bent in the transverse direction and a channel-shaped hollow body is created, the at least one strand is guided in the channel created by the pre-bending when the at least one strand is introduced.
  • it is thus ensured that the at least one strand cannot slip in its inserted position on the strip.
  • the at least one strand is introduced into the pipe and the pipe is cold formed with the at least one strand in a production line.
  • the term "in a production line” as used in the present disclosure means that the introduction of the at least one strand into the pipe and the cold forming take place in the same production facility.
  • the strand is introduced into the pipe in one section of the pipe, while another section of the same pipe is already being cold-formed.
  • the pipe is also welded shut between the location at which the at least one strand is introduced and the location at which the pipe is cold-formed.
  • the welding and cold forming occur at a distance in a range of 2 m to 4 m.
  • the tube is made of stainless steel.
  • Stainless steel has the advantage of a comparatively high tensile strength compared to other metals and a high level of resistance, for example to environmental influences.
  • the outside diameter of the tube is larger before cold forming, for example before cold drawing, than after cold forming.
  • the forming tool and an outer diameter of the tube before cold forming are selected such that a wall thickness of the tube before cold forming is smaller than after cold forming.
  • an inner diameter of the drawing die and an outer diameter of the tube before cold drawing are selected such that a wall thickness of the tube before cold drawing is smaller than after cold drawing.
  • material of the pipe is displaced by the forming tool, for example the drawing die.
  • the drawing die and the tube are expediently chosen so that the material of the tube is displaced concentrically inwards and so the wall thickness of the tube is greater after cold drawing than before cold drawing.
  • a rod-shaped element is produced which has a high tensile strength and a reduced dead weight compared to a solid rod-shaped element made of metal with the same tensile strength.
  • a rod-shaped element produced in this way has at least one strand inside, consisting of a plurality of yarns, at least one of the yarns having carbon fibers, and a metal tube surrounding the strand, which surrounds the at least one strand.
  • the rod-shaped element is obtained with an embodiment of the method in which the cold forming leads to a non-positive connection between the at least one strand and the tube. It is understood that in this embodiment the non-positive connection between the tube and the at least one strand is provided during cold forming by pressing the tube onto the at least one strand.
  • the combination of pressing and work hardening creates a rod-shaped element whose tensile strength exceeds both the tensile strength of a solid rod-shaped element made of metal with the same outside diameter and the tensile strength of a cold-formed tube with the same outside diameter.
  • a rod-shaped element which has a tube made of a metal, the tube having a longitudinal direction, and at least one strand extending longitudinally in the tube, the at least one strand having a plurality of yarns Has carbon fibers and wherein the tube and the at least one strand are non-positively connected.
  • the tube and the at least one strand are non-positively connected to one another over the entire extent of the strand in the longitudinal direction of the tube.
  • the feeding devices on the one hand and the forming device on the other hand are implemented in separate, spatially separated production systems.
  • the feed devices for the pipe and the at least one strand as well as the forming device are implemented in a single production system, this production system being the claimed device.
  • the forming device is a device for cold forming a metal tube.
  • the forming tool is a tool for performing forming of the pipe in accordance with DIN 8580.
  • the forming device is a drawing bench, wherein the drawing bench has a drawing die as a forming tool and wherein, during operation of the device, the strand extends in the material flow direction in front of the drawing die in the tube, so that the tube is made of metal and the at least one Strand can be pulled together through the drawing die.
  • the draw bench is a continuous draw bench.
  • the bending device for bending the strip of the metal sheet in the transverse direction has a pre-bending device and a final bending device, the pre-bending device being set up and arranged such that the pre-bending device bends the strip in the transverse direction into a trough-shaped hollow body with a opening extending in the longitudinal direction, and wherein the finishing bending device is set up and arranged in such a way that the finishing bending device finishes bending the strip in the transverse direction into a tubular hollow body with a cylindrical cross-sectional area and wherein the feed device for the at least one strand is designed and arranged in such a way that the feed device applies the at least one strand in the material flow direction between the pre-bending device and the final bending device onto the trough-shaped hollow body made of metal bleach.
  • the device has a control device, the control device being effectively connected to the feed device for the strip, to the feed device for the at least one strand and to the welding device in such a way that the control device has a feed speed during operation of the device the feed device for the strip, a feed speed of the feed device for the at least one strand and a welding speed of the welding device.
  • control device controls the feed speeds and welding speed in such a way that the non-positive connection between the pipe and the at least one strand is influenced.
  • the frictional connection between the pipe and the at least one strand is set at corresponding speeds, so that, for example, the pipe and the at least one strand are uniformly connected to one another in a force-fitting manner over the entire extent of the strand in the longitudinal direction of the pipe.
  • control device also controls the processing speed of the forming device.
  • control of the processing speed can also influence the frictional connection between the pipe and the at least one strand.
  • control device comprises a computer or a processor and a computer program running on it.
  • the device is designed such that there is a distance of 2 m to 4 m between the welding device and the forming tool of the forming device, for example the drawing die of the drawing bench.
  • the welding device and the forming tool are components of a single production system.
  • Figure 1 is a flowchart of an implementation of the method for manufacturing a rod-shaped element according to the present disclosure.
  • a stainless steel tube is provided, the stainless steel tube having a longitudinal direction.
  • a braid is provided, which is formed from a plurality of yarns made of carbon fibers.
  • the strand formed in this way consists of 100% carbon fibers.
  • the stainless steel pipe is a seamless pipe, i.e. without a weld seam in the longitudinal direction, and the strand is inserted axially into the stainless steel pipe in a further step 102 so that the strand extends in the longitudinal direction in the pipe.
  • the tube is cold-formed with the strand extending in the longitudinal direction in the tube in step 103 using a forming tool.
  • cold forming is carried out by cold rolling in a cold vocational mill. After cold pilger rolling 103, the stainless steel tube and the strand are non-positively connected to one another over the entire extent of the strand in the longitudinal direction of the tube.
  • Figure 2 shows a flowchart of a further implementation of the method for producing a rod-shaped element.
  • the individual steps of the method according to this implementation take place in a production plant, with a strip of stainless steel sheet and the strand being fed to the production plant as starting materials.
  • the step of providing 100 the stainless steel tube therefore also includes the actual production of the stainless steel tube.
  • the provision 100 of the pipe initially includes, in step 104, the provision of a strip made of a stainless steel sheet.
  • the strip has a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction.
  • step 105 the strip is bent transversely to the pipe.
  • the strip is first pre-bent in step 107, so that a channel-shaped hollow body with an opening extending in the longitudinal direction is created.
  • a strand containing a plurality of carbon fiber yarns is provided in step 101.
  • the strand consists of a braid with a proportion of 60% carbon fibers.
  • step 106 the tubular hollow body, which consists of the stainless steel sheet, is welded with a longitudinal seam to form a longitudinally welded stainless steel tube. This ends step 100 of providing the pipe.
  • the pipe is cold formed in step 103.
  • Cold forming is carried out by cold drawing.
  • the pipe is pulled together with the strand in the longitudinal direction through a drawing die as a forming tool.
  • the stainless steel tube and the strand are non-positively connected to one another over the entire extent of the strand in the longitudinal direction of the tube.
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic top view of a device 1 for producing a rod-shaped element 20 in an implementation of the present disclosure.
  • the device 1 for producing the rod-shaped element 20 carries out the method for producing the rod-shaped element 20, as described with reference to Figure 2 was previously described.
  • Figure 4 additionally shows a cross-sectional view in a sectional plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rod-shaped element 20, which is connected to the device 1 Figure 3 was produced.
  • the device 1 has a feed device 2 for the stainless steel tube 3, the feed device 2 being composed of a plurality of devices.
  • the feed device 2 for the stainless steel tube 3 initially includes a feed device 8 for the strip 9 made of stainless steel sheet.
  • the strip 9 has a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction, with the extent in the longitudinal direction being significantly larger than in the transverse direction.
  • the feed device 2 for the stainless steel tube 3 has a bending device 10 for bending the strip 9.
  • the bending device 10 consists of a pre-bending device 11 and a finished bending device 12.
  • the strip is first made with the pre-bending device 11 9 pre-bent so that the trough-shaped hollow body 16 is created.
  • the strand 5 is introduced into the trough-shaped hollow body 16 using a feed device 4.
  • the strand 5 is placed and guided centrally on the strip 9 through the channel of the channel-shaped hollow body 16, so that the strand 5 cannot slip off the strip 9.
  • the finished bending device 12 is used to bend the trough-shaped hollow body 16 into a tubular hollow body 13 with a circular cross-section, the strand 5 extending within the tubular hollow body 13 in the longitudinal direction.
  • a welding device 14 which is also part of the feed device 2 for the pipe 3
  • the tubular hollow body 13 is then welded with a longitudinal seam 19, so that the longitudinal seam 19 extends in the longitudinal direction and a longitudinally welded stainless steel pipe 3 is created.
  • the drawing die 7 of a drawing bench 6 is provided behind the welding device 14 at a distance d of 3 m.
  • the drawing bench 6 has, in addition to the drawing die 7, a motor-driven drawing carriage 17 with a clamping cylinder 18 mounted on it for gripping the tube 3 behind the drawing die 7.
  • the rod-shaped element 20 By pulling the tube 3 with the strand 5 arranged therein together through the drawing die 7, the rod-shaped element 20 is created.
  • the inner diameter of the drawing die 7 and the outer diameter of the stainless steel tube 3 before drawing are selected so that after cold drawing the stainless steel tube is like in Figure 4 wall thickness w shown. While the outside diameter of the pipe is reduced after cold drawing, the wall thickness w is larger after cold drawing than before cold drawing.
  • the tube 3 and the strand 5 are connected to one another in a force-fitting manner in the tube 3 behind the drawing die 7 over the entire extent of the strand 5 in the longitudinal direction. The strand 5 cannot slip within the tube 3 in the axial direction.
  • a rod-shaped element 20 has been created with a tensile strength that exceeds the tensile strength of the cold-drawn tube.
  • a central control device 15 is electrically connected to the feed device 8 for the sheet metal strip 9, to the feed device 4 for the strand 5, to the welding device 14 and to the drawing bench 6.
  • the control device 15 controls the feed speeds of the strip 9, the strand 5 as well as the welding speed of the welding device 14 and the drawing speed of the drawing bench 6.
  • the pipe 3 and the strand are behind the drawing die 7 5 over the entire extent of the strand 5 in the longitudinal direction in the tube 3 evenly connected to one another in a non-positive manner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
  • Wire Processing (AREA)
EP20704789.5A 2019-02-01 2020-01-30 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen eines stabförmigen elementes Active EP3917696B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019102600.8A DE102019102600A1 (de) 2019-02-01 2019-02-01 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines stabförmigen Elementes
PCT/EP2020/052339 WO2020157226A1 (de) 2019-02-01 2020-01-30 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen eines stabförmigen elementes

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3917696A1 EP3917696A1 (de) 2021-12-08
EP3917696C0 EP3917696C0 (de) 2023-11-29
EP3917696B1 true EP3917696B1 (de) 2023-11-29

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US (1) US12115570B2 (ja)
EP (1) EP3917696B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP7467487B2 (ja)
KR (1) KR20210123330A (ja)
CN (1) CN113382811A (ja)
DE (1) DE102019102600A1 (ja)
ES (1) ES2970165T3 (ja)
WO (1) WO2020157226A1 (ja)

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EP3295969A1 (en) * 2016-09-20 2018-03-21 Cook Medical Technologies LLC Radiopaque composite wire for medical applications and method of making a radiopaque composite wire
CN108728608A (zh) 2018-06-11 2018-11-02 张青松 一种用于铁水脱硫的包芯线及其制造方法

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KR20210123330A (ko) 2021-10-13
EP3917696C0 (de) 2023-11-29
JP7467487B2 (ja) 2024-04-15
ES2970165T3 (es) 2024-05-27
JP2022519098A (ja) 2022-03-18
DE102019102600A1 (de) 2020-08-06
WO2020157226A1 (de) 2020-08-06
US20220118494A1 (en) 2022-04-21
CN113382811A (zh) 2021-09-10
US12115570B2 (en) 2024-10-15

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